THE ROLE OF THE INTERNET IN THE INVESTIGATION OF TRAFFICKING CASES: THE BRAZIL EXPERIENCE

PRISCILA COSTA SCHREINER

Federal Prosecutor So Paulo Brazil Cybercrime Unit Office Coordinator

The trafficking in Brazil: most common cases

1-) Labor Traficking; 2) Sexual Trafficking; 3) Trafficking envolving child pornography

Trafficking: the ploblems

Economical Globalization caused a procariousness in working relationship 185 millions of people are unemployed in the world (6,2% of he workforce); in Brazil, unemployment is 11,7%; growth of underemployment: 48,5% of brazilian workers are not registered.

the effects...
81 millions of workers live nowdays outside their country of birth; 10 a 15% of these are in an ilegal situation: not known by the organs of immigrations or the and customs authorities;

Difficulties for the Police and Prosecutor...

There is a perverse pact between the workers and middlemen; Majority of destination countries adopt legislation restricting the entry of foreign people, but arent able to prevent the human trafficking and the migration migrants become ghost citizens and many of them are led to marginalization Trafficking victims are still treated as criminals in their destination coutries, which affects the persecution in trafficking.

Mau cheiro

Legal and pratical aspects

Consent of the offended is irrelevant In cases there is the consent: many victims, mainly in sexual trafficking, are deceived by the middlemen Law enforcement authorities have to deal with victims x witnesses and the difficulties in obtaining evidences Only good evidence in the Court the results of telephone interceptations and now the telematic interceptation

HAREM OPERATION sexual trafficking

High luxury prostitution Envolved contries in Europe (Italy and Spain), in North America (USA) and Caribbean (Dominican Republic) and Brazil (So Paulo and Rio de Janeiro); More than 15 arrests inside and outside Brazil three criminal actions related to international human trafficking, pimping and crime organization Suspects used models agency websites to recrut women and deal

Competncia Jurisdicional
Brasil signatrio do Protocolo Adicional Conveno das Naes Unidas contra o Crime Organizado Transnacional Relativo Preveno, Represso e Punio do Trfico de Pessoas, em Especial Mulheres e Crianas (aprovado pelo Decreto Legislativo n 231, de 29 de maio de 2003 e publicado pelo Decreto Presidencial n 5.017, de 12 de maro de 2004). Tambm signatrio da Conveno sobre os Direitos da Criana (1989).

Competncia Jurisdicional
Portanto, Justia Federal brasileira competente para julgar os crimes de trfico internacional de mulheres (CP, art. 231), crianas (ECA, art. 239) e trabalhadores (CP, art. 206). Se trfico for interno, competncia pertence Justia Estadual (mas art. 109, 5, da CR prev que nas hipteses de grave violao de direitos humanos, o PGR, com a finalidade de assegurar o cumprimento de obrigaes decorrentes de tratados internacionais de direitos humanos dos quais o Brasil seja parte, poder suscitar, perante o STJ, em qualquer fase do inqurito ou processo, incidente de deslocamento de competncia para a JF).

Outras propostas
Desenvolver programas de gerao de emprego e renda para grupos e regies vulnerveis; Aprimorar, com o apoio de ONGs, o contato com as vtimas deportadas, inclusive com o objetivo de apurar as organizaes criminosas de trfico; Desenvolver campanhas de esclarecimento, com a distribuio de material informativo aos que viajam ao exterior e aos grupos mais vulnerveis;

Outras propostas...
Melhorar o atendimento consular aos brasileiros que moram no exterior (proposta em discusso com Itamaraty); Sensibilizar e capacitar os agentes da PF que atuam no controle de fronteiras e na expedio dos passaportes; Aprimorar os mecanismos de cooperao internacional em matria penal, tornando mais rpidas as comunicaes entre os rgos envolvidos nas atividades de investigao.

Outras propostas...
Reconhecimento do trabalho como direito humano universal.

Contact:
Priscila Costa Schreiner Ministrio Pblico Federal So Paulo - Brasil Pschreiner@prsp.mpf.gov.br