Eligibility:

All participants must be bona fide students in their 3rd / 4th year from Engineering Colleges in India. Team members can be from different Engineering Colleges in India.

Challenge Area:
1. Energy Cities consume 75 percent of the worlds energy. Approximately 70 million people move into cities every year. Indias energy consumption is estimated to grow by five percent every year. The transmission and distribution losses in India are over 30 percent of the total energy produced. The acute power shortage has resulted in protracted power cuts across the country. At the same time, demand for energy in Indian cities is continually rising. How would you shape the future of Energy? 2. Transportation Transportation is a challenge in Indian cities. It is insufficient and the quality is inadequate. In addition, city roads are congested, which slows down travel. With the population of cities continually increasing, the volume of traffic is only going to rise, further complicating the situation. How would you shape the future of Urban Transportation? 3. Water Less than one half of a percent of water on earth is available as fresh water. Global consumption of water is doubling every 20 years, more than twice the rate of human population growth. 60 percent of the drinking water in the globe is consumed in cities. In India, an average of 150 liters/person/day of water is consumed in cities. In most areas, water is supplied for only a few hours every day. In addition, only 30 percent of the total wastewater is treated. How would you shape the future of Water Management? 4. Healthcare 70 percent of Indias population lives in rural areas. However, over 80 percent of Indias healthcare infrastructure is available in its cities. Moreover, lifestyle diseases are on the rise in addition to prevailing challenges like infant mortality, tuberculosis, and waterborne epidemics. How would you shape the future of Healthcare?

Instructions:
Choose one of the four challenges listed alongside. Use this template to articulate your idea to address the challenge you chose. Use font Arial 11 pt with 1.25 line spacing. Your submission must contain the four mandatory sections and must not exceed the page limits for each section. Use the References section to mention sources of information used in your idea. If required you may attach necessary supporting diagrams in an optional fifth section called Annexure. Save this document with a file name <Challenge Area>_<City of College>_<First Name of Primary Team Contact>. Your entry should be e-mailed to contact.sisl.in@siemens.com / abhijit.goldar@siemens.com / azhivannan.r@siemens.com The last date to send your entry is June 15, 2012. Good luck.

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Entry Details
Challenge Area* Title of the proposed Idea / Solution* Team Name* Healthcare Gradus Felicitas Saluber

Primary Contact Team Member #1

Name* Course* E-mail* Phone* Year / Semester College* Stevin Wilson B.Tech Biotechnology stevinwilson@gmail.com +919633429249 5th semester National Institute of Technology Calicut

Team Member #2
Name* Course* Year / Semester College*

Team Member #3
Name* Course* Year / Semester College*
* mandatory

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Problem Description
(Max. 1 page)

India is a diverse country with a large number of communities of different races, ethnicity and culture separated by different geographical terrains. So, a single step wouldnt lead to a significant improvement of healthcare infrastructure and only a combination of areas of strength can address the situation. Following are the major concerns to Indian Healthcare system: Malnutrition 42% of Indias children below the age of three are malnourished, almost twice the statistics of sub-Saharan African region of 28 %. Malnutrition impedes social and cognitive development of a child and these irreversible damages result in lower productivity. High infant mortality rate Approximately 1.72 million children die each year before turning one. A study conducted by the Future Health Systems Consortium in Murshidabad, West Bengal, indicates that barriers to immunization coverage are: adverse geographic location; absent or inadequately trained health workers; and low perceived need for immunization. Infrastructures like hospitals, roads, water and sanitation are lacking in rural areas. of healthcare providers, poor intra-partum and new-born care, diarrheal diseases and acute respiratory infections, also contribute to the high infant mortality rate. Diseases Diseases such as dengue fever, hepatitis, tuberculosis, malaria and pneumonia continue to plague India due to increased resistance to drugs. And in 2011, India finally developed a totally drug-resistant form of tuberculosis. India is ranked 3rd among the countries with the most number of HIV-infected. Indians are also at particularly high risk for atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. This may be attributed to a genetic predisposition to metabolic syndrome and changes in coronary artery vasodilation. Poor sanitation As more than 122 million households have no toilets and 33% lack access to latrines, over 50% of the population (638 million) defecates in the open. Open-air defecation leads to the spreading of diseases and malnutrition through parasitic and bacterial infections. Inadequate safe drinking water Access to protected sources of drinking water has improved from 68% of the population in 1990 to 88% in 2008. However, only 26% of the slum population has access to safe drinking water and 25% of the total population has drinking water on their premises. Water-borne diseases cost the economy 73 million working days per year Rural health Rural India contains over 68% of India's total population with half of it living below poverty line, struggling for better and easy access to health care and services. Health issues confronted by the rural people are diverse and many - from severe malaria to uncontrolled diabetes, from a badly infected wound to cancer. Lifestyle disorders It has been found that the lifestyle diseases like diabetes and hypertension are killing more Indians than any communicable diseases. The findings made by the World Health Organization (WHO) also pointed out that out of 10 deaths in India, eight are due to non-communicable disease (NCDs). Major lifestyle disorders arecardiovascular diseases, Cancer, Obesity, Liver Cirrhosis, Hypertension, and Diabetes etc.

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Solution Description
(Max. 2 pages)

1. Free breakfast at schools in addition to existing lunch scheme from Government. 2. Subsidized nutritious food like milk, bread, cereals etc. from government resources for students. 3. Mobile clinic or ambulance with essential equipment onboard; will be a temporary relief to area with acute shortage of physicians. 4. Telemedicine, a system modeled in the same way as 911, for geographically isolated regions and for greater privacy. E- medicines through video chatting. Medical apps for mobile phones. SMS query support so as to gain high penetrance. 5. Making water purifiers available free for schools and at a subsidized rate for offices and homes 6. Increased support for Ayurveda medicines and traditional medications. by allotting a fixed amount of land in every panchayat towards having medicinal plant grove given lease to Ayurveda clinics and also by financial assistance from public-private funding. This has an advantage in Geographically isolated areas as the medicines have minimum side affects (empowering local) 7. Inducting medical records into Aadar UID and give access to only registered physicians for effective treatment by giving the medical history and previous prescriptions of the patient. 8. National awareness on maternity through workshops. Providing training on childbirth and pre-natal care to rural traditional medical practitioners reduces the constraint of geography and financial status.

9. Government funded pest control at every panchayat through individuals enrolled in NREGA after giving them a thorough training. 10. Public toilets with automatic flushing and hand wash with automatic sensor taps and distribution of poopoo bags in slums. 11. Increased government funding towards healthcare biotechnology and biomedical institutions to devise ways to high output human genome sequencing at an affordable cost so as to make a transition from symptomdriven medication to a gene-driven medication thereby drastically reducing side affect and greatly increase the efficiency. Comprehensive and continuous evaluation of progress so that research doesnt end due to neglect. 12. Counselors at every school and offices to counter the issue of hypertension 13. Distribute Condoms through Coin Booth (like Soda booth, public weighing machines) so that buyer gets privacy and thereby prevents STDs to a large extent.

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14. Public-Private funded workshops and publications on the nutritional facts of local foodstuff along with articles from nutritionist so as to counter diabetes, obesity, blood pressure and other life style disorders. 15. Inspection of farmland for amount of pesticides used and grade farms on its basis so as to encourage organic farming. 16. Encourage private-public funded gyms with an instructor to reduce obesity and related diseases like cardiovascular diseases. Compulsory physical education classes at schools 17. Nationwide Ban chewing tobacco like pan masala (implemented in Kerala). Make the ban on smoking in public places more effective with support of police and public. Increase tax on liquors. 18. Increased support towards regional cancer centres through expansion, facilities, research funding etc. 19. Make it compulsory for Businesses and industries to provide health insurance to all employees even if it results it in a small cut in regular monthly salary. Encourage schools providing insurance to their staff and students by giving them higher preference in government services. 20. Conduct a regular scientific surveys both online and offline by government for the employed to monitor their stress levels and work conditions and grade work places according to the result. Make the workplace with better results to get higher preference in obtaining government services. 21. Compulsory Sex education especially at school and among high-risk low educated population. 22. Inspection for Restaurant and Food places to monitor the use of additives like agin-o-moto and take stringent measures against defaulters. Make it the right of the customer to have a look at the kitchen of restaurants. 23.Waste disposal modelled in the German waste management system. 5 colour coded Trash bins (for paper wastes, green wastes, plastic wastes, glass wastes and other wastes) at every block. Regular Waste collection by municipality garbage truck. Paper waste Recycle Green waste Bio-fertilisers Plastic Wastes Incineration and road building [7] Glass Wastes Recycle Other wastes incineration. 24. Dismissal of government employees (Food inspectors, Public distribution officers, government Food storage centre officers, agriculture officers) from service on being found guilty of corruption and malpractices. 25.Statutory warning on packaged foods with high fat, cholesterol, preservative and additive content.

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Why do you think your solution will work?

(Max. 1 page)

A single step cannot lead to a significant improvement of healthcare infrastructure. Malnutrition affects children in their development. The existing mid-day meal scheme at school costs Rs Rs.8814 crore to the central treasury with financial help from state governments. Addition of Free breakfast scheme can cost approx. Rs 9400 crore adjusted to inflation. The extra expenditure is just a fraction of Rs 25000 crore we spend on nuclear submarines or the Rs 60000 crore Commonwealth games and equivalent to the Rs 9000 crore T3 terminal at Delhi Airport. The approximate cost of a well-equipped mobile clinic is around Rs 12 lakh. So with the help of private-public funding and hospital sponsorship, each village or a taluk can easily afford to have atleast one mobile clinic. The annual cost of maintaining 911 in USA amounts to $ 1.1 billion per year. This drastically comes down in Indian scenario exclusively for medical queries due to lower working cost. Mobile apps can be created free of cost by forming a join venture project students of Premier institutions like IIScs, IITs, NITs etc. Since text messaging service rates are negligible, an automated SMS query system as well as free daily health tips can be operated with minimal investment. Moreover public health clubs can be established by compulsory minimal fee per head. Branded Water purifiers are available at a retail price of Rs 950. Bulk supply for public distribution can bring down the cost substantially to around Rs 800 or less. With a government subsidy of Rs 200, the scheme would cost just Rs 4800 crore (considering 249095869 houses acc. to census 2011) to the treasury and it can be implemented through a five-year plan. Pest Control plans starts from around Rs 400 per house. The actual cost comes down when NREGA volunteers are employed and scheme operated in a non-profit basis. A subsidy of Rs 100 per home for APL and Rs 200/home for BPL amounts to approx. Rs 3600 crore This means we get 20 less F-16 jets which costs $35 million apiece. Public toilets can be built with the existing allocation of fund and poopoo bags as well as condoms distributed in slums and public spaces respectively through electronic booths at a considerably lower price compared to its subsequent effects. We already have a sophisticated agriculture department, which inspect and aid farms regularly. So an addition grading of farms on the basis of amount of pesticides used wont hurt the treasury in a considerable way. Since Aadar project is running in full swing, adding employment details and medical records can help in a large way. This wouldnt cost a penny more than the existing cost of the project. Waste management system in Germany costs around 30/tonne (Rs 2100/tonne; urban) and 50/tonne (Rs 3500/tonne; rural). There is scope for lower cost in India due to lower working capital requirement, local technology etc. Currently total solid waste generated in India is around 4.2 crore tons annually (3.8 crore tons - urban). Even at German cost, this highly efficient eco friendly solution costs a reasonable Rs 9380 crore annually with assured returns in form of lesser disease outbreaks and communicable disease prevalence especially malaria. Ban on pan masala may have a short-term negative effect on the tobacco cultivation and cottage industry, which should be cushioned with government relief. Higher taxation of liquor too will incur loss on treasury. But will prove beneficial in the long run in National happiness index due to more number of secure families and large fall in number of lung and oral cancer as well as liver cirrhosis cases. Funding Research institutes and Hospitals leads direct outputs in the form of superior technology and efficient system. The rest of the changes can be brought forth by legislature and can be accomplished with minimal capital investment. The government can form partnerships with leading publications to create a daily health related article. A strict check must be put in place for smooth functioning of the measures taken. The % of GDP (0.91% vs. 15% in USA) and total expenditure toward healthcare is very low compared to countries to similar stature despite increasing defense budgets. The above-mentioned costs are just a fraction what are spent on jets, cricket etc. each year when more important issues like healthcare and education face neglect.

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References
(Max. 1 page)

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Book&bookcmd=download&collection_id=01661831ae64b6b3& writer=rl&return_to=Healthcare+in+India http://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/india/article.cfm?articleid=4675 http://www.umdcipe.org/conferences/policy_exchanges/conf_papers/Papers/1551.pdf http://www.developmentchannel.org/health/healthcare/2584-lifestyle-diseases-major-cause-for-deaths-in-indiawho http://ibnlive.in.com/news/programme-against-lifestyle-diseases/256498-60-122.html http://cdf.ifmr.ac.in/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/MDM-Scheme-Brief.pdf http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eH-lENBHKbw

[7]

http://icjonline.com/views/POV_S.S.Verma.pdf

http://www.defenseindustrydaily.com/india-to-sign-multibillion-dollar-scorpene-sub-contract-updated-01194/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midday_Meal_Scheme http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-05-18/hyderabad/29555483_1_mid-day-meal-cooking-costprimary-schools http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2003-10-08/delhi/27191778_1_mobile-clinic-dwellers-slum http://www.azcentral.com/arizonarepublic/news/articles/2010/03/16/20100316emergency-service-budgetcuts.html censusindia.gov.in/Tables_Published/H-Series/H.../S00-005.pdf http://www.wateraid.org/international/what_we_do/impact_of_our_work/default.asp http://ec.europa.eu/environment/waste/studies/pdf/eucostwaste.pdf urbanindia.nic.in/publicinfo/swm/chap1.pdf research.guilan.ac.ir/cjes/.papers/1377.pdf www.poopoobags.com/

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Annexure
(Optional)

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