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Hoc, PMT12 Saturday, April 09, 2011 1:17 PM PMT03 Hoc FW: Fukushima NPP Radiation Health Risks v.1 modified.doc

From: Call, Michel Sent: Saturday, April 09, 2011 10:08 AM To: PMT02 Hoc; Hoc, PMT12 Subject: RE: Fukushima NPP Radiation Health Risks v.1 modified.doc Thanks. This looks good. I was curious if there had been anything done regarding fish and cesium being found in fish and to what levels since fishing is an important industry in Japan and sea products (fish, etc.) are a significant part of Japanese diet. Mike From: PMT02 Hoc Sent: Saturday, April 09, 2011 6:37 AM To: Hoc, PMT12; Call, Michel Subject: Fukushima NPP Radiation Health Risks v.1 modified.doc

As requested: Attached is the "Summary of Radiological Hazards in Japan" document. It has been reviewed by the ET. Thanks PMT 02

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Hoc, PMT12 Saturday, April 09, 2011 6:54 AM PMT09 Hoc FW: Fukushirna NPP Radiation Health Risks v.1 modified.doc Fukushima NPP Radiation Health Risks v.1 modified.doc

From: PMT02 Hoc Sent: Saturday, April 09, 2011 6:37 AM To: Hoc, PMT12; Call, Michel Subject: Fukushima NPP Radiation Health Risks v.1 modified.doc

As requested: Attached is the "Summary of Radiological Hazards in Japan" document. It has been reviewed by the ET. Thanks PMT 02

Z'Qffici ULs~e r0alI

This document is sensitive and should be handled appropriately by the recipients. Therefore, this document is intended to be reviewed by the addressed recipients and is not intended to be shared with other stakeholders without NRC approval. This document should only be used for informationalpurposes,not for decision-making in changing protective action recommendations. The PMT needs actual field measurements in order to make recommendations to expand or relax the currentprotective actions or to permit entry into the emergency planning zone. The staff has asked the site team for this data, but has not yet received the information.

Summary of Radiological Hazards in Japan

The situation at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant remains serious although there are early signs of recovery based on plant conditions and decreasing doses in and around the power plant. This nuclear incident raises concern for the possible impact of radiation on the Japanese public. On-site at the Fukushima Daiichi plant, radiation levels in certain areas continue to be life-threatening - 30 Sv/hr (3,000 R/hr) in the dry wells for Units 1 and 2, and 20 Sv/hr
(2,000 R/hr) near the drywell of Unit 3. ., "

Figure 1
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Additionally, debris has been located outside of the reactor building of unit 3 with radiation levels measuring 1 Sv/hr
(100 R/hr) [1].

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Dose rates are being measured at four different locations around the site, as shown
on Figure 1: the gymnasium, west gate,
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main building and the main gate. The most recent dose rate readings are: 82 pSv/hr _"__ (8.2 mrem/hr) at the main gate located west of unit 4; 54 pSv/hr (5.4 mrem/hr) at the west gate; and 645 pSv/hr (64.5 mrem/hr) at the main building. The gymnasium point has not been measured since March 17th. All readings have been decreasing over the past weeks. The largest radiation plume was observed to pass in the north-west direction as confirmed by MEXT radiation monitoring results [2] and DOE overflights. Four clusters of exposure data were plotted based on 89 measurement locations supplied by MEXT (see Figure 2). The exposure rates plotted were spread across the west, northwest, south and a tight cluster of locations to the northwest. The highest dose rates measured by MEXT are in the northwest
cluster (in the red square outline) and have

_ Figure 2

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been slowly decreasing from a high of 170 pSv/hr (17 mrem/hr) to a current value of 25 pSv/hr (2.5 rem/hr), 30 km (18.6 miles) from the Fukushima Daiichi plant.

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This document is sensitive and should be handled appropriately by the recipients. Therefore, this document is intended to be reviewed by the addressed recipients and is not intended to be shared with other stakeholders without NRC approval. MEXT samples for dust, drinking water and vegetation test positive for both 1-131 and Cs-1 37 contamination [3]. Most of these monitoring points are located at least 18.6 miles (30 km) northwest of the site. While the data on the concentration of 1-131 and Cs-1 37 in dust is inconsistently reported from each sampling location, most locations show 1-131 concentrations (measured in Bq/m 3, apparently from air samples) decreasing to the single digits for the first week of April. Typical Cs-1 37 concentrations within 18.6 miles (30 km) vary from 0.5 to 4.5 Bq/m 3 (13.5 tol 22 pCi/m 3 ). Half of the sampling locations beyond 40 km (24.8 miles) show I131 and Cs-137 below detectable levels, with the highest readings in the north and northwest and do not show a consistent pattern, based on a single daily sample. Soil samples, taken on April 5 and 6, indicate 1-131 in concentrations ranging from 41,000 to 200,000 Bq/kg (1.1 E6 to 5.4E6 pCi/kg) and Cs-137 levels 25,000 to 100,000 Bq/kg (6.76E5 to 2.70E6 pCi/kg). Based on conversion to surface contamination, the computer code, Radiological Assessment System for Consequence Analysis (RASCAL), predicts a dose of approximately 4.4 rem in the 1 st year, which exceeds the Environmental Protection Agency's relocation Protective Action Guideline of 2 rem in the 1S" year. Deposition of these radionuclides in leafy vegetation, measured at the same locations, are consistently higher than in soil, and show a high value of 300,000 Bq/kg (8.11 E6 pCi/kg) for I131 and 1,440,000 Bq/kg (3.89E7 pCi/kg) for Cs-1 37 at a distance of 40 km (24.9 miles) northwest of the site. Other sampling locations to the north, south and west show concentrations an order magnitude lower for each radionuclide. The Food and Drug Administration's Derived Intervention Levels (DIL) for food interdiction are 170 Bq/kg for 1-131 and 1200 Bq/kg for Cs-137 + Cs-134 [4]. Japanese interdiction levels are 2000 Bq/kg for 1-131 and 500 Bq/kg for Cesiums in food.. In Tokyo, radiation levels are nearly indistinguishable from other man-made background radiation levels, ranging between 0.03 and 0.08 pSv/hr (3 and 8 prem/hr). In perspective, these summaries are limited because they are based on a few sample measurements. More sample data and analysis is needed for appropriate protection action decisions. References: [1] NRC Emergency Operations Center Status Update dated April 4, 2011. [2] http://www.mext.go.ip/english/radioactivity level/detail/1304082.htm [3] http://www.mext..qo.ip/en-qlish/radioactivity level/detail/1304099.htm [4]www.fda.ciov/downloads/MedicalDevices/DeviceRegulationandGuidance/GuidanceDocuments/UCM09 4513.pdf
M:\PMT\Fukushima\9 April 201 1\Fukushima NPP Radiation Health Risks v.1 modified.doc

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