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Introduction to American Studies 10 AC Professor Michael Cohen Hip and Square, or, Go fuck yourself with your atom

bomb. Age of Paranoia and Mass America Hep Cats: Bebop Jazz Charlie Parker (1920-1955) KoKo Tennesse Williams On the Art of Being a True Non-Conformist (1948) Sylvia Plath (1932-1962) Gay New York / Gay San Francisco Mattachine Society Howl, The Six Gallery, October 7, 1955 The Beat Generation Alan Ginsberg (1926-1997): America (1956) Jack Kerouac (1922-1969): The beat generation William S. Burroughs (1917-1997) Naked Lunch Inventing the Beatnik Censoring Howl, 1957 Howls redeeming social importance The Conquest of Cool, or, Kerouac wore khakis and Moloch reading Howl

Alan Ginsberg in New York, 1953. Photo by William S Burroughs

Students at the Virginia Military Institute read Howl in 1991

1955 in Film History


East of Eden - Elia Kazan Rebel Without a Cause - Nicholas Ray Blackboard Jungle - Richard Brooks Night of the Hunter Charles Laughton Lady and the Tramp - Disney To Catch a Thief Alfred Hitchcock The Seven Year Itch Billy Wilder Killers Kiss Stanley Kubrick Pather Panchali Satyajit Ray All that Heaven Allows Douglass Sirk The Man with the Golden Arm Otto Premminger

1955 in American and World Culture


Lolita by Vladimir Nabakov Lord of the Rings by J.R.R. Tolkien Howl first read by Allen Ginsberg in San Francisco Flag and Target with Four Faces by Jasper Johns Bed and Rebus by Robert Rauschenberg The Village Voice begins publication The Guinness Book of World Records first published. "Rock Around the Clock" by Bill Haley, "Maybellene" by Chuck Berry Captain Kangaroo begins on CBS, The Mickey Mouse Club airs on ABC.

1955 in American and World History


U.S. occupation of Japan ends. Rosa Parks is arrested for refusing to give up her seat on a public bus in Montgomery, Alabama. 14 year old Emmett Till is lynched by two men for talking to a white woman in Rulesville, Miss. Tills body was brought back to his home in Chicago for the funeral. The American Federation of Labor and the Congress of Industrial Organizations officially merge into a single union (AFLCIO) with 12 million members and headed by Walter Reuther. Federal minimum wage is raised to $1.00 by Congress. Less than one percent of all American families owned over four-fifths of all publicly held stocks owned by individuals. Deaths James Dean, Cordell Hull, Walter F. White, Albert Einstein, Charlie Parker, James Agee, Joseph A. Pulitzer, Cy Young

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