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The world has observed Adam Smith as one of the worlds best Scottish economist who was the very first person to draw some attention towards the scientific operations management. He was the one for advocating the importance of division of labor in his book The Wealth of Nations The English mathematician Charles Babbage was the first one to follow the concept advocated by Adam Smith. He advocated the concept of specialization of tasks as the next stage (logically related) to the division of labor. Babbage considered specialization in tasks as a very important advantage of the division of labor.
Coordinated assembly line (Ford, Sorenson/Avery 1913) Gantt charts (Gantt 1916)
1930
Elton Mayo
1940s Abraham Maslow Motivation theories 1950s 1960s Frederick Herzberg Douglas McGregor
Linear programming Digital computer Simulation, waiting Operations Research line theory, decision theory, PERT/CPM MRP, EDI, EFT, CIM
1947 1951
1950s
1960s, 1970s
JIT (just-in-time) TQM (total quality Quality management) Revolution Strategy and operations Business process reengineering
1970s
W. Edwards 1980s Deming, Joseph Juran 1990s Wickham Skinner, Robert Hayes Michael Hammer, James Champy
1990s
Globalization
WTO, European Union, and other trade agreements Internet, WWW, ERP, supply chain management
Numerous countries and companies ARPANET, Tim Berners-Lee SAP, i2 Technologies, ORACLE, PeopleSoft
Internet Revolution
E-commerce
2000s
Pre-Industrial Revolution 1. Adam Smith (1776) The world has observed Adam Smith as one of the worlds best Scottish economist who was the very first person to draw some attention towards the scientific operations management. He was the one for advocating the importance of division of labor in his book The Wealth of Nations
2. Charles Babbage (1883) The English mathematician Charles Babbage was the first one to follow the concept advocated by Adam Smith. He advocated the concept of specialization of tasks as the next stage (logically related) to the division of labor. Babbage considered specialization in tasks as a very important advantage of the division of labor. Post-Industrial Revolution
Eli Whitney 1794 - built first cotton gin to separate cotton seeds from cotton fibers. 1799 - began mass production of muskets * introduced concept of standard interchangeable parts to allow the use of less skilled labour to produce muskets. Development of the machine tool industry - metal tools and machines now possible (late 1700's).
3. F.W. Taylor (1859 to 1915) F.W. Taylor is known as the father of scientific management he was the one who explained the concept of functional management.
4. Frank B. Gilbreth (1917) Frank B. Gilbreth is known as the founder father of work study. He laid emphasis on explaining the importance of the correlation between the physical effort and the operators output through his two books Motion Study (1911) and Applied Motion Study (1917). He was the one to devise a very famous method for the classification of motions into 17 basic divisions, referred to as Therbligs by him. 5. Henry Ford ( 1913 ) The concept of mass production and organized work stations into a conveyorised assembly line was given to the world by Henry ford. 6. Henry Gantt ( 1913 ) His main contribution is the Gantt chart which is a very important practical tool even in todays world, in order to chart the production schedules and also the machine load schedules. 7. F.W Harris ( 1914 ) The first economic lot size (EOQ) model was developed by Harris F.W Raymond also made a very important contribution in this regard. 8. Walter Shewhart ( 1924 ) In 1924 Walter was the one to introduce the concept of statistical quality control. 9. F.H Dodge ( 1931 ) Developed the concept of sampling inspection and published statistical sampling tables. 10. L.H.C Tippett ( 1937 ) The phenomenon of work sampling was developed by Tippett in order to know the manpower and machine utilization and also for setting performance standards.
Quality control (Shewhart 1924; Deming 1950) Computer (Atanasoff 1938) CPM/PERT (DuPont 1957) Material requirements planning (Orlicky1960) Computer aided design (CAD 1970) Flexible manufacturing system (FMS 1975) Baldrige Quality Awards (1980) Computer integrated manufacturing (1990) Globalization(1992) Internet (1995)