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Unit 4: Blood and Circulation

COMBINING FORMS, SUFFIXES AND TERMINOLOGY


A. The Heart A1: Write the meaning of the medical terms in the space provided. Roots for the Heart Term atriotomy cardiomyopathy valvectomy supraventricular Meaning surgical incision of an atrium any disease of the heart muscle surgical removal of a valve above a ventricle

A2: Underline the root of each term and fill in the blanks with its meaning. 1. 2. 3. 4. heart atria ventricle valve

A3: Write the adjective for each of the following definitions. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. cardiac (KAR-d-ak) myocardial (m--KAR-d-al) atrial (-tr-al) pericardial (per-i-KAR-d-al) ventricular (ven-TRIK--lar) valvular (VAL-v-lar); also valvar (VAL-var)

A4: Following the example, write a word for each of the following definitions pertaining to the tissues of the heart. 1. endocarditis (en-d-kar-D-tis) 2. myocarditis (m--kar-D-tis) 3. pericarditis (per-i-kar-D-tis) A5: Write a word for each of the following definitions. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. cardiology (kar-d-OL--j) cardiomegaly (kar-d--MEG-a-l) interventricular (in-tra-ven-TRIK--lar) atrioventricular (a-tr--ven-TRIK--lar) vavotomy (val-VOT--m); also vavulotomy (val-v-LOT--m)

B. The Blood Vessels B1: Write the meaning of the medical terms in the space provided. Roots for the Blood Vessels Term Meaning angiopathy any disease of blood vessels vasodilation widening of a blood vessel vascular pertaining to blood vessels endarterial within an artery arteriography process of recording an arteriole arteriolar pertaining to an arteriole aortoptosis downward displacement of the aorta venous pertaining to a vein phlebectasia dilatation of a vein B2: Underline the root of each term and fill in the blanks with its meaning. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. vessel artery vessels aorta vessels arteriole

B3: Define the following words. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. inflammation of a vessel or vessels pertaining to the heart and vessels rupture of an artery within the aorta inflammation of a vein

B4: Use the suffix -gram to form a word for a radiograph of each of the following: 1. angiogram 2. aortogram 3. phlebogram; venogram B5: Use the root angi/o to write a word with each of the following meanings: 1. 2. 3. 4. angiectomy (an-j-EK-t-m) angiectasis (an-j-EK-ta-sis); also hemangiectasis (h-man-j-EK-ta-sis) angiogenesis (an-j--JEN-e-sis) angioplasty (AN-j--plas-t)

B6: Use the appropriate root to write a word with each of the following meanings: 1. 2. 3. 4. aortostenosis (-or-t-ste-N-sis) arteriotomy (ar-tr--OT--m) intravenous (in-tra-V-nus) phlebectomy (fle-BEK-t-m); venectomy (v-NEK-t-m)

C. Roots, Suffixes and Prefixes for the Cardiovascular System

Roots, Suffixes and Prefixes for the Cardiovascular System Term Meaning angiogram process of recording a vessel vasoconstriction narrowing of a blood vessel arteriosclerosis hardening of an artery cardiomyoplasty plastic repair of the heart muscle hemolysis the breakdown of red blood cells intravenous into or within a vein leukemia literally, a blood condition of white (blood cells); a large increase in the number of cancerous, abnormal white blood cells thrombolysis destruction or breaking down of a thrombus (blood clot) cardiomegaly enlargement of the heart erythropenia a reduction in the number of red blood cells phlebosclerosis hardening of a vein aortic stenosis narrowing of the opening of the aortic valve hemostasis stoppage of blood flow erythroblast any of a series of nucleated cells that pass through a succession of stages of maturation to form red blood cells hypoxia a deficiency of oxygen in the tissue tachypnea fast breathing

Unit 5: The Nervous System


COMBINING FORMS, SUFFIXES AND TERMINOLOGY
A. The Nervous System and the Spinal Cord A1: Write the meaning of the medical terms in the space provided. Term Meaning neurotoxic harmful or poisonous to a nerve or nervous tissue glioma a neuroglial tumor ganglionectomy surgical removal of a ganglion meningocele hemia of the meninges through the skull or spinal column myelodysplasia abnormal development of the spinal cord radiculopathy any disease of a spinal nerve root A2: Define each of the following adjectives. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. pertaining to a nerve or the nervous system pertaining to neuroglia, glial cells pertaining to a ganglion pertaining to the meninges pertaining to a spinal nerve root

A3: Fill in the blanks. 1. 2. 3. 4. spinal cord nerve meninges spinal nerve roots

A4: Define each of the following terms. 1. study of the nervous system 2. radiograph of the spinal cord 3. tumor of the meninges A5: Write a word that has the same meaning as each of the following definitions. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. neuralgia (nu-RAL-j-a) neuropathy (n-ROP-a-th) myelitis (mi-e-L-tis) ganglioma (gang-gl--ma) myelography (m-e-LOG-ra-f) meningitis (men-in-J-tis)

B. The Brain B1: Write the meaning of the medical terms in the space provided. Term Meaning encephalomalacia softening of brain tissue decerebrate having no cerebral function corticospinal pertaining to the cerebral cortex and spinal cord intercerebellar within the cerebellum thalamotomy incision of the thalamus supraventricular above a ventricle medullary pertaining to the medulla psychosomatic pertaining to the mind and body (soma) narcosis state of stupor induced by drugs somnolence sleepiness B2: Underline the root of each term and fill in the blanks with its meaning. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. brain cerebrum, brain mind stupor, unconsciousness sleep thalamus

B3: Write an adjective for each of the following definitions. Note the endings. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. cerebral (SER-e-bral) cortical (KOR-ti-kal) thalamic (tha-LAM-ik) cerebellar (ser-e-BEL-ar) ventricular (ven-TRIK--lar)

B4: Define each of the following words. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. inflammation of the brain outside the medulla study of the mind pertaining to the brain and spinal cord inflammation of a ventricle lack of sleep, inability to sleep

B5: Write a word that has the same meaning as each of the following definitions. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. encephalopathy (en-sef-a-LOP-a-th) supracerebellar (s-pra-ser-e-BEL-ar) corticothalamic (hor-ti-k-tha-LAM-ih) ventriculogram (ven-TRIK--l-gram) extracerebral (eks-tra-SER-e-bral)

C. The Nervous System C2: Fill in the blanks. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. speech seizures partial paralysis read tetraplegia (tet-ra-PL-j-a)

C3: Define each of the following words. 1. 2. 3. 4. lack of speech communication slowness of reading obsession with fire fear of women

C4: Write a word that has the same meaning as each of the following definitions. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. bradylalia (brad--L-l-a) hemiplegia (hem-i-PL-j-a) cardioplegia (kar-d--PL-j-a) noctiphobia (nok-ti-F-b-a); also nyctophobia (nik-t-F-b-a) photophobia (f-t-F-b-a)

Unit 6: The Gastrointestinal System


COMBINING FORMS, SUFFIXES AND TERMINOLOGY
A. The Digestive Tract (Except the Mouth) A1: Write the meaning of the medical terms in the space provided. Term esophageal gastroparesis pylorostenosis dysentery duodenoscopy jujuncotomy ileectomy cecoptosis colocentesis sigmoidoscope rectocele proctopexy anorectal Meaning pertaining to the esophagus partial paralysis of the stomach narrowing of the pylorus infectious disease of the intestine endoscopic examination of the duodenum incision of the jejunum excision of the ileum downward displacement of the cecum surgical puncture of the colon an endoscope for examining the sigmoid colon hernia of the rectum surgical fixation of the rectum of, relating to, or involving both the anus and rectum <anorectal surgery>

A2: Use the adjective suffix -ic to write a word that means each of the following. 1. 2. 3. 4. enteric (en-TER-ik) gastric (GAS-trik) colic (KOL-ik); also colonic (kJ-LON-ik) pyloric (p-i-LOR-ik)

A3: Use the adjective suffix -al to write a word that means each of the following.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

duodenal (d--D-nal) cecal (S-kal) jejunal (je-JUN-al) ileal (IL--al); also ileac (IL--ak) rectal (REK-tal) anal (-nal)

A4: Write a word for each of the following definitions. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. gastropexy ( GAS-tr-pek-s) esophagoscopy (e-sof-a-GOS-k-p) pyloroplast_y (p-LOR--plas-t) ileitis (il---tis) duodenostomy (d--de-NOS-t-m) ileostomy (il--OS-t-m) gastroenterology (gas-tr-en-ter-OL--j)

A5: Use the root col/o to write a word for each of the following definitions. 1. 2. 3. 4. colitis (k-L-tis) colopexy (K-l-pek-s) colostomy (k-LOS-t-m) coloclysis (k-l-KL-sis)

A6: Use the root colon/o to write a word for each of the following definitions. 1. colonopathy (k-l-NOP-a-th) 2. colonoscopy (k-lon-OS-k-p) A7: Two organs of the digestive tract or even two parts of the same organ may be surgically connected by a passage (anastomosis) after removal of damaged tissue. Such a procedure is named for the connected organs plus the ending stomy. Use two roots plus the suffix stomy to write a word that has the same meaning as each of the following definitions: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. esophagogastrostomy (e-sof-a-g-gas-TROS-t-m) gastroenterostomy (gas-tr-en-ter-OS-t-m) gastrojejunostomy (gas-tro-je-j-NOS-t-m) duodenoileostomy (d--d-n-il--OS-t-m) sigmoidoproctostomy (sig-moy-d-prok-TOS-t-m)

B. Roots for the Accessory Organs B1: Write the meaning of the medical terms in the space provided.

Term hepatocyte biliary cholelith cholecystorrhaphy cholangiogram choledochal pancreatolysis

Meaning a liver cell pertaining to the bile or bile ducts gallstone, biliary calculus suture of the gallbladder radiograph of the bile ducts pertaining to the common bile duct dissolving of the pancreas

B2: Use the suffix ic to write a word for each of the following definitions. 1. hepatic (he-PAT-ik) 2. cholecystic (k-l-SIS-tik) 3. pancreatic (pan-kr-AT-ik) B3: Use the suffix graphy to write a word for each of the following definitions. 1. 2. 3. 4. cholangiography (k-lan-j-OG-ra-f) hepatography (hep-a-TOG-ra-f) cholecystography (k-l-sis-TOG-ra-f) pancreatography (pan-kr-a-TOG-ra-f)

B4: Use the suffix lithiasis to write a word for each of the following definitions. 1. choledocholithiasis (k-led-o-k-li-THI-a-sis) 2. pancreatolithiasis (pan-kr-a-t-li-TH-a-sis) B5: Fill in the blanks. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. bile common bile duct liver hepatitis pancreas bile duct

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