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Complete following Anova table

Source of Variation Factor Error Total

Sum of Squares 12062 12646

Degrees of Freedom 4 51

Mean square

Complete te following Anova table

Source of Variation Factor Error Total

Sum of Squares Degrees of Freedom Mean square F 584 4 146 0.56889 12062 47 256.6382979 12646 51 247.9607843

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p value

p value 0.68645393

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A study was conducted to determine the tension needed by various types of guitar strings to produce required frequency Test hypothesis that there is no difference in mean tensions string brand Darco Acoustic Ernie Ball Martin Gibson Sample size 8 9 9 8 Sample total Sum of squared observations 458.5 26347.8 508.8 28947.4 554.5 34242.7 523.9 34373.9

A study was conducted to determine the tension needed by various types of guitar strings to produce required frequency Test hypothesis that there is no difference in mean tensions string brand Darco Acoustic Sample size 8 Sample total Sum of squared observations Mean 458.5 26347.8 57.3125

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Ernie Ball Martin Gibson Total Anova Table Factor Error Total Degrees of freedom of squares Sum Mean square 3 429.25 30 397.60 33 826.84 F 143.0826743 10.7961 13.25321296 9 9 8 34 508.8 554.5 523.9 2045.7 28947.4 56.5333 34242.7 61.6111 34373.9 65.4875 123911.8 60.1676

Enough evidence to reject Null

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ypes of guitar strings to produce required frequency

ypes of guitar strings to produce required frequency

Within sample SS Factor SS (alternativeSS (alternative way) Factor way) 70.02 65.2149178

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183.24 79.34 65.00 826.84 429.248023 118.874126 18.7522962 226.406683 429.248023

p value 5.63802E-05

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Carry out sign test to check if median of two populations is the same pair Sample 1 Sample 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 34 26 34 32 34 26 26 26 34 25 25 25 26 26 28 27 27 20 30 25 28 24 26 23 30 27 30 27 25 25 25 20

typical assumption: underlying distribution is continuous but need not be symmetric

Carry out sign test to check if median of two populations is the same pair Sample 1 Sample 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 34 26 34 32 34 26 26 26 34 25 25 25 26 26 28 27 27 20 30 25 28 24 26 23 30 27 30 27 25 25 25 20

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Diff <0 7 0 6 0 4 0 7 0 6 0 2 0 0 0 3 0 4 0 -2 1 -5 1 -2 1 1 0 1 0 3 0 7 0

number of obs after removing zero diff 15 # observations below 0 3 # obs below 0 follows binomial with n=15, p=.5 H0: median=0 H1: median not equal to zero Two sided p-value 0.03515625

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sorted 0 1 1 2 2 2

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3 3 4 4 5 6 6 7 7 7

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Carry out Signed Rank test to check if median of two populations is the same pair Sample 1 Sample 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 34 26 34 32 34 26 26 26 34 25 25 25 26 26 28 27 27 20 30 25 28 24 26 23 30 27 30 27 25 25 25 20

typical assumption: underlying distribution is continuous and symmetric

sorted Carry out Signed Rank test to check if median of two populations is the same pair Sample 1 Sample 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 34 26 34 32 34 26 26 26 34 25 25 25 26 26 28 27 27 20 30 25 28 24 26 23 30 27 30 27 25 25 25 20

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Diff 7 6 4 7 6 abs(diff) 7 6 4 7 6 rank 14 12 9 14 12 rank of positive 14 12 9 14 12 diff number of obs after removing zero diff 15 2 2 4 4 0 0 0 0 3 3 7 7 4 4 9 9 -2 -5 2 5 4 10 0 0 -2 2 4 0 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 3 7 3 7 7 14 7 14

Wilcoxon signed rank statistic 8 1 sum of posiive ranks of negative ranks sum 102 18 # obs below 0 follows binomial with n=15, p=.5 H0: median=0 H1: median not equal to zero Critical value for two tailed at .05 level 25 h0 is rejected

If you use large sample approximation. Say when n>50 mean=n(n+1)/4 variance=n(n+1)(2n+1)/24 Z= (T-mean)/sqrt(Variance) is approx normal

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sorted 0 1 1 2 2 2 3

rank 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 1.5 1.5 4 4 4 6.5

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3 4 4 5 6 6 7 7 7 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6.5 8.5 8.5 10 11.5 11.5 14 14 14

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Better world technologies claims to have produced a revolutionary new jack hammer with greater impact strength independent random samples of old and new jack hammers were obtained Impact strength of each was measured

old 95 new 119 130 99 126 114 130 101 94 102 100 93 93 93

Use wilcoxon rank sum test with alpha=.01 whetheer there is evidence that new jack hammer has higher impact strength

Better world technologies claims to have produced a revolutionary new jack hammer with greater impact strength independent random samples of old and new jack hammers were obtained Impact strength of each was measured

old

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95 new 119 130 99 126 114 130 101 94 102 100 93 93 93

Use wilcoxon rank sum test with alpha=.01 whetheer there is evidence that new jack hammer has higher median impact strength

Ho: mu_new> mu_old H1; mu_new <= mu_old

sample old old old old old new old new old new new new new new Rank sum of old Rank sum of new rank sum statistic W= smaller value critical value 31<35

data sorted 93 93 93 94 95 99 100 101 102 114 119 126 130 130 31 74 31 35

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Rank rank old rank new 2 2 0 2 2 0 2 2 0 4 4 0 5 5 0 6 0 6 7 7 0 8 0 8 9 9 0 10 0 10 11 0 11 12 0 12 14 0 14 14 0 14

implies reject h0

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er with greater impact strength

ck hammer has higher impact strength

er with greater impact strength

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ck hammer has higher median impact strength

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Better world technologies claims to have produced a revolutionary new jack hammer with greater impact strength independent random samples of old and new jack hammers were obtained Impact strength of each was measured

old 95 new 119 130 99 126 114 130 101 94 102 100 93 93 93

Use Mann whitney U test with alpha=.01 whetheer there is evidence that new jack hammer has higher impact strength

Better world technologies claims to have produced a revolutionary new jack hammer with greater impact strength independent random samples of old and new jack hammers were obtained Impact strength of each was measured

old

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95 new 119 130 99 126 114 130 101 94 102 100 93 93 93

Use Mann whitney U test with alpha=.01 whetheer there is evidence that new jack hammer has higher impact strength

Ho: mu_new> mu_old H1; mu_new <= mu_old

sample old old old old old new old new old new new new new new

data sorted 93 93 93 94 95 99 100 101 102 114 119 126 130 130 31 U for old 74 U for new 7 7

Rank 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 2 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13.5 13.5 46 3

rank old 2 2 2 4 5 0 7 0 9 0 0 0 0 0

rank new 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 8 0 10 11 12 13.5 13.5

Rank sum old Rank sum new n_old n_new

Mann whitney = smaller U cdf at u=3 0.002

we want U new to be small to reject h0. Hence p-value=.002 h0 is rejected at 1% level

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mmer with greater impact strength

ack hammer has higher impact strength

mmer with greater impact strength

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ack hammer has higher impact strength

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