Business Process Reengineering (BPR) is a management approach aiming at improvem ents by means of elevating efficiency and effectiveness of the

processes that ex ist within and across organizations. 1. Introduction: Business Process Reengineering (BPR) is a management approach aiming at improvem ents by means of elevating efficiency and effectiveness of the processes that ex ist within and across organizations. The key to BPR is for organizations to look at their business processes from a "clean slate" perspective and determine how they can best construct these processes to improve how they conduct business. Business process reengineering is also known as BPR, Business Process Redesign, Business Transformation, or Business Process Change Management. In 1990, Michael Hammer, a former professor of computer science at the Massachus etts Institute of Technology (MIT), published an article in the Harvard Business Review, in which he claimed that the major challenge for managers is to obliter ate non-value adding work, rather than using technology for automating it (Hamme r 1990). This statement implicitly accused managers of having focused on the wrong issues , namely that technology in general, and more specifically information technolog y, has been used primarily for automating existing work rather than using it as an enabler for making non-value adding work obsolete. Hammer's claim was simple: Most of the work being done does not add any value fo r customers, and this work should be removed, not accelerated through automation . Instead, companies should reconsider their processes in order to maximize cust omer value, while minimizing the consumption of resources required for deliverin g their product or service. A similar idea was advocated by Thomas H. Davenport and J. Short (1990), at that time a member of the Ernst & Young research center, in a paper published in the Sloan Management Review the same year as Hammer published his paper. This idea, to unbiased review a companys business processes, was rapidly adopted by a huge number of firms, which were striving for renewed competitiveness, whic h they had lost due to the market entrance of foreign competitors, their inabili ty to satisfy customer needs, and their insufficient cost structure. Even well e stablished management thinkers, such as Peter Drucker and Tom Peters, were accep ting and advocating BPR as a new tool for (re-)achieving success in a dynamic wo rld. During the following years, a fast growing number of publications, books as well as journal articles, was dedicated to BPR, and many consulting firms embarked o n this trend and developed BPR methods. However, the critics were fast to claim that BPR was a way to dehumanize the work place, increase managerial control, an d to justify downsizing, i.e. major reductions of the work force 1995, Industry Week 1994), and a rebirth of Taylorism under a different label. Despite this critique, reengineering was adopted at an accelerating pace and by 1993, as many as 65% of the Fortune 500 companies claimed to either have initiat ed reengineering efforts, or to have plans to do so. This trend was fueled by th e fast adoption of BPR by the consulting industry, but also by the study Made in America, conducted by MIT, that showed how companies in many US industries had lagged behind their foreign counterparts in terms of competitiveness, time-to-ma rket and productivity. 2. Definition of Business Process Reengineering: Different definitions are available. Following are the definitions provided in n otable publications in the world:

Hammer and Champy (1993) define BPR as "... the fundamental rethinking and radic al redesign of business processes to achieve dramatic improvements in critical c ontemporary measures of performance, such as cost, quality, service, and speed." Thomas H. Davenport (1993), another well-known BPR theorist, uses the term proce ss innovation, which he says -encompasses the envisioning of new work strategies, the actual process design activity, and the implementation of the change in all its complex technological, human, and organizational dimensions. Additionally, Davenport points out the major difference between BPR and other ap proaches to organization development (OD), especially the continuous improvement or TQM movement, when he states "Today firms must seek not fractional, but mult iplicative levels of improvement 10x rather than 10%." Finally, Johansson et al. (1993) provide a description of BPR relative to other process-oriented views, such as Total Quality Management (TQM) and Just-in-time (JIT), and state "Business Process Reengineering, although a close relative, see ks radical rather than merely continuous improvement. It escalates the efforts o f JIT and TQM to make process orientation a strategic tool and a core competence of the organization. BPR concentrates on core business processes, and uses the specific techniques within the JIT and TQM toolboxes as enablers, while broadening the process vision." In order to achieve the major improvements BPR is seeking for, the change of str uctural organizational variables, and other ways of managing and performing work is often considered as being insufficient. For being able to reap the achievabl e benefits fully, the use of information technology (IT) is conceived as a major contributing factor. While IT traditionally has been used for supporting the ex isting business functions, i.e. it was used for increasing organizational effici ency, it now plays a role as enabler of new organizational forms, and patterns o f collaboration within and between organizations. BPR derives its existence from different disciplines and four major areas can be identified as being subjected to change in BPR 1.Organization, 2.Technology, 3.Strategy, and 4.People. Business strategy is the primary driver of BPR initiatives and the other dimensi ons are governed by strategy's encompassing role. The organization dimension ref lects the structural elements of the company, such as hierarchical levels, the c omposition of organizational units, and the distribution of work between them. T echnology is concerned with the use of computer systems and other forms of commu nication technology in the business. In BPR, information technology is generally considered as playing a role as enabler of new forms of organizing and collabor ating, rather than supporting existing business functions. The people / human resources dimension deals with aspects such as education, tra ining, motivation and reward systems. The concept of business processes - interr elated activities aiming at creating a value added output to a customer - is the basic underlying idea of BPR. These processes are characterized by a number of attributes: Process ownership, customer focus, value-adding, and cross-functiona lity. 3. The role of information technology in BPR: Information technology (IT) plays an important role in the reengineering concept . It is considered as a major enabler for new forms of working and collaborating within an organization and across organizational borders.

The early BPR literature, e.g. Hammer & Champy (1993), identified several so cal led disruptive technologies that were supposed to challenge traditional wisdom a bout how work should be performed. The concerned areas are 1.Shared databases, making information available at many places 2.Expert systems, allowing generalists to perform specialist tasks 3.Telecommunication networks, allowing organizations to be centralized and decen tralized at the same time 4.Decision-support tools, allowing decision-making to be a part of everybody's j ob 5.Wireless data communication and portable computers, allowing field personnel t o work office independent 6.Interactive videodisk, to get in immediate contact with potential buyers 7.Automatic identification and tracking, allowing things to tell where they are, instead of requiring to be found 8.High performance computing, allowing on-the-fly planning and envisioning. In the mid 1990s, especially workflow management systems were considered as a si gnificant contributor to improved process efficiency. Also ERP (Enterprise Resou rce Planning) vendors, such as SAP, positioned their solutions as vehicles for b usiness process redesign and improvement. 4. Methodology of BPR: Although the names and steps being used differ slightly between the different me thodologies, they share the same basic principles and elements. The following de scription is based on the PRLC (Process Reengineering Life Cycle) approach devel oped by Guha et.al. (1993). A more detailed description can be found here. Simplified schematic outline of using a business process approach, exemplified f or pharmaceutical R&D: 1. Structural organization with functional units; 2. Introduction of new product development (as cross-functional process); 3. Re-structuring and streamlining activities, removal of non-value adding tasks . A.Envision new processes 1.Secure management support 2.Identify reengineering opportunities 3.Identify enabling technologies 4.Align with corporate strategy B.Initiating change 1.Set up reengineering team 2.Outline performance goals C.Process diagnosis 1.Describe existing processes 2.Uncover pathologies in existing processes D.Process redesign 1.Develop alternative process scenarios 2.Develop new process design 3.Design HR architecture 4.Select IT platform 5.Develop overall blueprint and gather feedback E.Reconstruction 1.Develop/install IT solution 2.Establish process changes

F.Process monitoring 1.Performance measurement, including time, quality, cost, IT performance 2.Link to continuous improvement 3.Loop-back to diagnosis Also within the management consulting industry, a significant number of methodol ogical approaches have been developed. A set of short papers, outlining and comp aring some of them can be found here, followed by some guidelines for the compan ies considering contracting a consultancy for a BPR initiative which involves: 1.Overview; 2.Framing the requirements; 3.Various facets of reprocessing; 4.Guide lines for Changes / comparison; 5.Guide lines for BPR consulting clients. 5. BPR - a rebirth of scientific management: By its critics, BPR is often accused to be a re-animation of Taylor's principles of scientific management, aiming at increasing productivity to a maximum, but d isregarding aspects such as work environment and employee satisfaction. It can b e agreed that Taylor's theories, in conjunction with the work of the early admin istrative scientists have had a considerable impact on the management discipline for more than 50 years. However, it is not self-evident that BPR is a close rel ative to Taylorism and this proposed relation deserves a closer investigation. In the late 19th century Frederick Winslow Taylor, a mechanical engineer, starte d to develop the idea of management as a scientific discipline. He applied the p remise that work and its organizational environment could be considered and desi gned upon scientific principles, i.e. that work processes could be studied in de tail using a positivist analytic approach. Upon the basis of this analysis, an o ptimal organizational structure and way of performing all work tasks could be id entified and implemented. However, he was not the one to originally invent the concept. In 1886, a paper e ntitled "The Engineer as Economist", written by Henry R. Towne for the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, had laid the bedrock for the development of sci entific management. The basic idea of scientific management was that work could be studied from an o bjective scientific perspective and that the analysis of the gathered informatio n could be used for increasing productivity, especially of blue-collar work, sig nificantly. Taylor (1911) summarized his observations in the following four principles: Observation and analysis through time study to set the optimal production rate. I n other words, develop a science for each mans taska One Best Way. Scientifically select the best man for the job and train him in the procedures he is expected to follow. Cooperate with the man to ensure that the work is done as described. This means e stablishing a differential rate system of piece work and paying the man on an in centive basis, not according to the position. Divide the work between managers and workers so that managers are given the respo nsibility for planning and preparation of work, rather than the individual worke r. Scientific managements main characteristic is the strict separation of planning a nd doing, which was implemented by the use of a functional foremanship system. T his means that a worker, depending on the task that he or she is performing, can report to different foreman, each of them being responsible for a small, specia lized area. Taylors ideas had not only major impact on manufacturing, but also on administrat

ion. One of the most well-known examples is Ford Motor Co., which adopted the pr inciples of scientific management at an early stage, and built its assembly line for the T-model based on Taylors model of work and authority distribution, there by giving name to Fordism concept. Later on, Taylors ideas were extended by the time and motion studies performed by Frank Gilbreth and his wife Lillian. Henry Gantt, a co-worker of Taylor, develo ped Taylors idea further, but placed more emphasis on the worker. He developed a reward system that no longer took into account only the output of the work, but was based on a fixed daily wage, and a bonus for completing the task. Taylors work can be, and has been, criticized many times for degrading individual s to become machinelike. One of the most famous critiques of the situation that an application of scientific management could result in, is shown in Charles Cha plin's movie "Modern Times (film)". Despite that fact, Taylor was inspired by th e vision of creating a workplace that is beneficial to all members of the organi zation, both management and workers. When looking at Taylors ideas retrospectively, we can conclude, that they very we ll fitted the organizations of the early 20th century. The kind of organization he proposed requires certain pre-conditions, which were satisfied in the technol ogical and socio-economic environment of his time and the heritage from economic individualism and a Protestant view of work. However, despite the good intentio n of designing organizations where managers and workers could jointly contribute to the common achievements, Taylor missed the fact that he had been building hi s principles on wrong assumptions. There are some major critical points that can be brought forward against Taylor's concept. The strict belief in man being totally rational, and thic, which considered work as being a manifestation m disregard the crucial issue of human behaviour and fficient as the single source of motivation (Tawney, the history of Protestant e of religious grace, made hi the fact that money is insu 1954).

Thompson (1969) notes: "Scientific management, focusing primarily on manufacturi ng or similar production activities, clearly employs economic efficiency as its ultimate criterion and achieves conceptual closure of the organization by assumi ng that goals are known, tasks are repetitive, output of the production process somehow disappears, and resources in uniform qualities are available." If accepting Thompsons critique as valid and relevant, it can be concluded that t he strict hierarchical organization seems to be unfit to take on the challenges that are imposed by fierce competition and dynamic market structures. Due to the focus on improvement through repetition and resource uniformity, the applicabil ity on organizations and processes without these characteristics, such as pharma ceutical R&D, can be questioned. Peter Drucker noted a third problem related to scientific management, namely tha t there was no real concern about technology, i.e. that Taylor considered his th eory as being general, and that it could be applied to any organization, indepen dently of the technology used. Drucker (1972) stated: "Scientific management was not concerned with technology. It took tools and technology as givens." This point brings forward a clear argument against the application of Taylor's p rinciples and methodologies for improving todays organizations. Considering that the rapid development in the IT field actually constitutes a driving force in it self, it appears to be unfit to employ organizational concepts that neglect the changing and enabling role of technology. On the other hand we can argue that th e application of scientific management in the early 21st century, as we look at it retrospectively, must be considered as the contemporary use of a concept that would look and be applied in a different way today. Taylor did not neglect tech

nology, he considered it as an important contributor to organizational performan ce, but given the pace of development, he could not consider it as a major drive r of change. Looking at the suggested relationship between BPR and Taylors principles we can c onclude that primarily Thompsons and Druckers criticism build a strong case agains t BPR being a successor of Taylorism. An organizational concept that does not ta ke into account changing business environments and rapid technological advanceme nts is not fit for serving as an improvement method today. Also the BPR literatu re offers a harsh critique of the continuous application of tayloristic principl es in the modern business world, thus rejecting the separation of planning and d oing and the strict functional division of labor. BPR proponents claim that taking BPR for Taylorism is a major misunderstanding o f the concept, and responsible for a considerable number of reengineering projec t failures. On the other hand, there is also a similarity which stems from the m ethodological approach: Both scientific management and BPR have a focus on produ ctivity and efficient use of resources that can be achieved through an optimum p rocess design and its sub-sequent deployment. The following quote, referring to scientific management can equally be used to describe the intention of reenginee ring: Loyd (1994) stated "To conduct the undertaking toward its objectives by seeking to derive optimum advantage from all available resources." At the same time it c annot be denied, that the implementation of process-based organizations in pract ice often is accompanied by massive lay-offs and an emphasis on managerial contr ol. A study by CSC Index from 1994 revealed that 73% of the companies applying B PR reduced their workforce with an average of 21%. Thomas Davenport, an early contributor to the BPR-field, provided a harsh critiq ue against labeling substantial workforce reductions reengineering and in a pape r from 1995 he stated that "Reengineering didnt start out as a code word for mind less bloodshed ... The [other] thing to remember about the start of reengineerin g is that the phrase massive layoffs was never part of the early vocabulary." (Dav enport, 1995). 6. Case Studies of application of BPR: BPR, if implemented properly, can give huge returns. BPR has helped giants like Procter and Gamble Corporation and General Motors Corporation succeeds after fin ancial drawbacks due to competition. It helped American Airlines somewhat get ba ck on track from the bad debt that is currently haunting their business practice . BPR is about the proper method of implementation. General Motors Corporation implemented a 3-year plan to consolidate their multip le desktop systems into one. It is known internally as "Consistent Office Enviro nment" (as per Booker, 1994). This reengineering process involved replacing the numerous brands of desktop systems, network operating systems and application de velopment tools into a more manageable number of vendors and technology platform s. According to Donald G. Hedeen, director of desktops and deployment at GM and manager of the upgrade program, he says that the process "lays the foundation fo r the implementation of a common business communication strategy across General Motors." (as per Booker,1994). Lotus Development Corporation and Hewlett-Packard Development Company, formerly Compaq Computer Corporation, received the single largest non-government sales ev er from General Motors Corporation. General Motors also planned to use Novell Ne tWare as a security client, Microsoft Office and Hewlett-Packard printers. Accor ding to Donald G. Hedeen, this saved GM 10% to 25% on support costs, 3% to 5% on hardware, 40% to 60% on software licensing fees, and increased efficiency by ov ercoming incompatibility issues by using just one platform across the entire com

pany. Southwest Airlines offers another successful example of reengineering their comp any and using Information Technology the way it was meant to be implemented. In 1992, Southwest Airlines had revenue of $1.7 billion and an after-tax profit of $91 million. American Airlines, the largest U.S. carrier, on the other hand had a revenue of $14.4 billion dollars but lost $475 million and has not made a prof it since 1989 (Furey and Diorio, 1994). Companies like Southwest Airlines know t hat their formula for success is easy to copy by new start-ups like Morris, Reno , and Kiwi Airlines. In order to stay in the game of competitive advantage, they have to continuously reengineer their strategy. BPR helps them be original. Michael Dell is the founder and CEO of DELL Incorporated, which has been in busi ness since 1983 and has been the world's fastest growing major PC Company. Micha el Dell's idea of a successful business is to keep the smallest inventory possib le by having a direct link with the manufacturer. When a customer places an orde r, the custom parts requested by the customer are automatically sent to the manu facturer for shipment. This reduces the cost for inventory tracking and massive warehouse maintenance. Dell's website is noted for bringing in nearly "$10 million each day in sales."( Smith, 1999). Michael Dell mentions: "If you have a good strategy with sound eco nomics, the real challenge is to get people excited about what you're doing. A l ot of businesses get off track because they don't communicate an excitement abou t being part of a winning team that can achieve big goals. If a company can't motivate its people and it doesn't have a clear compass, it w ill drift." (Smith, 1999) Dell's stocks have been ranked as the top stock for th e decade of the 1990s, when it had a return of 57,282% (Knestout and Ramage, 199 9). Michael Dell is now concentrating more on customer service than selling comp uters since the PC market price has pretty much equalized. Michael Dell notes: " The new frontier in our industry is service, which is a much greater differentia tor when price has been equalized. In our industry, there's been a pretty huge gap between what customers want in s ervice and what they can get, so they've come to expect mediocre service. We may be the best in this area, but we can still improve quite a bitin the quality of the product, the availability of parts, service and delivery time." (Smith, 1999 ) Michael Dell understands the concept of BPR and really recognizes where and wh en to reengineer his business. Ford reengineered their business and manufacturing process from just manufacturi ng cars to manufacturing quality cars, where the number one goal is quality. Thi s helped Ford save millions on recalls and warranty repairs. Ford has accomplish ed this goal by incorporating barcodes on all their parts and scanners to scan f or any missing parts in a completed car coming off of the assembly line. This he lped them guarantee a safe and quality car. They have also implemented Voice-ove r-IP (VoIP) to reduce the cost of having meetings between the branches. A multi-billion dollar corporation like Procter and Gamble Corporation, which ca rries 300 brands and growing, really has a strong grasp in re-engineering. Proct er and Gamble Corporation's chief technology officer, G. Gil Cloyd, explains how a company which carry multiple brands has to contend with the "classic innovato r's dilemma most innovations fail, but companies that don't innovate die. His so lution, innovating innovation..." (Teresko, 2004). Cloyd has helped a company li ke Procter and Gamble grow to $5.1 billion by the fiscal year of 2004. According to Cloyd's scorecard, he was able to raise the volume by 17%, the orga nic volume by 10%, sales are at $51.4 billion up by 19%, with organic sales up 8 %, earnings are at $6.5 billion up 25% and share earnings up 25%. Procter and Ga

mble also has a free cash flow of $7.3 billion or 113% of earnings, dividends up 13% annually with a total shareholder return of 24%. Cloyd states: "The challen ge we face is the competitive need for a very rapid pace of innovation. In the consumer products world, we estimate that the required pace of innovation has double in the last three years. Digital technology is very important in hel ping us to learn faster." (Teresko, 2004) G. Gil Cloyd also predicts, in the nea r future, "as much as 90% of Procter and Gambles R&D will be done in a virtual wo rld with the remainder being physical validation of results and options." (Teres ko, 2004). The most frequent and harsh critique against BPR concerns the strict focus on ef ficiency and technology and the disregard of people in the organization that is subjected to a reengineering initiative. Very often, the label BPR was used for major workforce reductions. Thomas Davenport, an early BPR proponent, stated tha t "When I wrote about "business process redesign" in 1990, I explicitly said that using it for cost reduction alone was not a sensible goal. And consultants Micha el Hammer and James Champy, the two names most closely associated with reenginee ring, have insisted all along that layoffs shouldn't be the point. But the fact is, once out of the bottle, the reengineering genie quickly turned ugly." (Daven port, 1995).Michael Hammer similarly admitted that - "I wasn't smart enough abou t that. I was reflecting my engineering background and was insufficient apprecia tive of the human dimension. I've learned that's critical." (White, 1996) Other criticism brought forward against the BPR concept which includes: Lack of management support for the initiative and thus poor acceptance in the org anization. Exaggerated expectations regarding the potential benefits from a BPR initiative a nd consequently failure to achieve the expected results. Under-estimation of the resistance to change within the organization. Implementation of generic so-called best-practice processes that do not fit speci fic company needs. Over-trust in technology solutions. Performing BPR as a one-off project with limited strategy alignment and long-term perspective. Poor project management. 7. Drive on development of BPR after 1995: With the publication of critical articles by some of the founding fathers of the BPR concept in 1995 and 1996 the reengineering hype was effectively over. Since then, considering business processes as a starting point for business analysis and redesign has become a widely accepted approach and is a standard part of the change methodology portfolio, but is typically performed in a less radical way as originally proposed. More recently, the concept of Business Process Management (BPM) has gained major attention in the corporate world and can be considered as a successor to the BP R wave of the 1990s, as it is evenly driven by a striving for process efficiency supported by information technology. Equivalently to the critique brought forwa rd against BPR, BPM is now accused of focusing on technology and disregarding th e people aspects of change. Today, International Organizations need to leverage expertise, infrastructure, technology and funds to address problems facing the w orld. They need to keep all stakeholders connected, arrive at suitable field pro grams and carry out these programs efficiently. In today's state of affairs, thi s presents international organization with many challenges. Business Process Reengineering (BPR) can play an important part in such cases. I t helps analyze and redesign workflows and processes between various functions. This can result in significant improvements in performance of an organization.

The experts of business process re-engineering all over the world have definite proven track record in helping International Organizations in their BPR initiati ves. Their roles have been placed in analyzing the processes with relation to th e IT and suggesting a fitting IT strategy. We have expertise in issues related t o compliance, exigencies, contingencies, and monitoring systems. Some of the services that the experts offer are helping to: Develop process objectives Identify processes for reengineering Understand and analyze the existing processes Identify IT enablers Design and Deliver IT applications The experts of business process re-engineering follow a well-developed methodolo gy to service the needs of the customers. The main emphasis is on quality and pr ocesses which definitely helps to deliver superior results. Further, a combinati on of experienced domain and technical team strengthens the abilities. The consultants of BPR have helped delivering the following to International Org anizations: 1.Improve efficiency of processes between various stakeholder functions by up to 20%; 2.Align IT strategy with business strategy; 3.Reduce cost of coordination between departments by over 25%, etc. 7.Impact of BPR in Insurance: The main areas of BPR in Insurance field relates to: 1.Underwriting Solutions; 2.Business Intelligence and Data Analytics; 3.Claims Processing Solutions; 4.Re-insurance Solutions; 5.Insurance Work-flow Interface Solutions. A)Underwriting Solutions The insurance industry is grappling with issues like automating the underwriting process, better analysis of risk and improved decision making. These issues lea d to reduced profits and less efficient business performance during this de-tari ffed regime. In India, we have the experience of helping leading global insurance companies w ith their underwriting needs. In this juncture of tariff-free regime the insurer s have developed world-class solutions that encompass data capture, risk analysi s and management and decision-support abilities. The BPR Process may help in the underwriting area of the insurers toMaintenance and Support of legacy systems and applications Migration from proprietary systems to open platforms New application development Customization of standard software packages. Modernization of legacy applications through development of E-commerce and Web b ased applications. In India, various BPR Consultants are having their team of domain and technical experts who are focused on providing the best possible solution to the various o rganizers (customer) in their need. The BPR Experts are delivering several important benefits to the customers, incl uding: 1.Increased revenues over the years; 2.Improved decision support; 3.Increased profitability. 4.Increased efficiencies at least by 20% at lowered costs.

B) Business Intelligence and Data Analytics The Insurance industry handles huge volumes of data. Solutions that help organiz e, structure and integrate data across the enterprise are valuable. These forays into data analytics help the insurance customer provide better service to their customers. The process of Business Process Engineering implemented through efficient consul tants help the spread of knowledge and expertise to help insurance companies wit h their data warehousing needs. We have experience in achieving the desired obje ctives through BPR in the following areas: Data Modeling Data Mining Data Transformation Data Scrubbing and Cleansing Population of Data Warehouses Migration of data across platforms Develop Decision Support Applications Development of Intelligent User Interface The concept of data warehousing engagements has delivered valuable benefits to t he insurers which include: oImproved efficiency in data processing by almost 20% oReduced transaction processing costs by up to around 30% oImproved decision making leading to increased profits by approximately12% C) Claims Processing Solutions: Claims processing is a business critical function and BPR Engineering & its asso ciated technology can play a significant role in improving efficiencies in claim s processing. This, in turn, leads to improved financial performance. The Business Process Re-Engineering is adept at addressing all aspects of claims processing. We recognize the challenges involved in handling multiple channels for exchange information, different formats of data and complex decision making process. Following are the areas where the concept of Business Process Re-Engineering app lications is possible in the area of claims processing: Custom Application Development Migration of legacy applications Modernization of legacy applications Maintenance and Support of legacy applications Porting and Re-hosting Documenting existing applications In India a good number of companies with their team of experts who combine a dee p understanding of the Insurance industry as well as have technology skills. Thi s business process re-engineering in the areas of claim settlement ensures that we stay current with the latest happenings in the industry and thus provide the best possible services to our customers. Some of the benefits gained from various business processes re-engineering appli cation in claims management in the global market had shown: Reduced transactional costs by around 35% ; Increased end customer satisfaction ; Improved efficiencies of settlement by almost 40%, etc. D) Re-insurance Solutions: Reinsurance processing is paper intensive and settlement of claims is protracted and expensive. Business process re-engineering like electronic standards for cl aims filing has helped streamlining the process. However, there are many opportu

nities for technology to improve performance further. Business Process Re-engine ering experts understand the complexities in reinsurance. The professional out-s ourced experts have team of consultants with deep knowledge of reinsurance and e xperience in facultative and non-facultative reinsurance. Further, they have an expert technology team helping deliver the best solution to their customers. They offer services in the field of re-insurance like: Custom Application Development Migration of Legacy applications Modernization of legacy applications Maintenance and support of legacy applications Web enabling of applications Documenting existing applications The implementation of business process re-engineering has brought about several benefits to customers like:Engineering in Re-Insurance Improving efficiency through automation of processes Improved performance of business processes Reduced costs of processing by as much as 40% E) Insurance Work-flow Interface Solutions: Claims processing in the insurance industry is subject to inefficiencies in the w orkflow. Effective Workflow management solutions help: Reduce transactional costs Adhere to regulatory needs Lessen risks of bottlenecks Decrease losses because of delays and inefficiencies The experts in this field have the essential knowledge and experience in providi ng workflow solutions to leaders in the insurance industry. They have addressed the entire life cycle of processes while providing workflow solutions. The BPR E xperts have extensive experience in working with File Net workflow systems and h ave developed: Document Center Image Requester Management Information systems based on File Nets Visual Workflow Solution Systems using Business Process Manager Document Management and Retrieval System Some of the services come under the purview of Business Process re-engineering i n insurance field are: Application Development Application Support and Maintenance Reengineering and Modernization of legacy applications Migration and Porting The workflow solutions have provided a host of benefits to insurance market cust omers which include: Reduced operational costs; Increased efficiencies in business processes; Improved profitability. Business process reengineering is a management approach aiming at improvements b y means of elevating efficiency and effectiveness of the processes that exist wi thin and across the organization. To improve business process through employee o rientation we may initiate 1.360 degree Performance evaluation; 2.Creation of self-introspection forum; 3.Re-inventing Study circle.