INVENTORY PROJECT REPORT ALDER PEAK

MONTEREY COUNTY, CALIFORNIA

FUDS Site No. J09CA721

Prepared For: USAED, Saeramento DERP-FUDS Program Prepared By:

U. S. Army Corps of Engineers

Environmental Design Section Sacramento District

May 1999

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SITE SURVEY SUMMARY SHEET

FOR DERP-FUDS SITE;NO. J09CA7286 ALDER PEAK MONTEREY COUNTY, CALIFORNIA

SITE NAME:
The Los Padres National Forest, Monterey Division is managed by the United States Forest Service, and is public property. This site is referred to as Alder Peak by the US.Army Corps of Engineers, after a high mountain peak lccated on the property boundary.

LOCATION:
The Alder Peak site is located eight miles south of the town of Lucia, Monterey County, California. The site is near the Pacific Valley Ranger Station located on Pacific Coast Highway One (Hwyl). Alder Peak is located on the prope~y boundary of the Los Padres National Forest and the U.S. Army military reservation property (Figure 1).

SITE HISTORY: The property was once part of the current active Fort Hunter Liggett Militiq Reservation
(HLMR). HLMR is located seventy miles southeast of the city of Monterey in Mlonterey County, California, and currently occupies a total of 175,COO acres. The U.S. Government had acquired 266,950.1 1 acres in 1940 and 1941, both in fee and by transfer, to form the HLMR. After World

W r I ,between 1946 and 1987,91,000 acres of this property was disposed of, which included a [
the Forest Service reclaiming the Alder Peak property located west of the crest of the Santa Lucia Mountains. The HLMR facility is currently bounded on the west and north by the Los Padres National Forest and on the east and south by privtite agricultural land (Figure 1). HLMR is presently a major training site for infantry, armor and combined arms training for the four branches of the armed services, the California National Guard and U.S. Army Test and Experimentation Command. Currently, approximately 1,148 acres of HLMR are the subject of a Base Realignment and Closure (BRAC) project. More information regarding HLMR can be
1
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INPR, - Alder Peak, Monterey County, California found in the "ArchivesSearch Report-Findings, !MAC Parcels, Fort Hunter Liggetf " prepared by US. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), St. Louis District.

During the Second WorId War, HCMR occupied the land located west of the Santa Lucia Mountain Range (the current border of HLMR). This property extended to the shore of the Pacific Ocean from the north to the south end of the active facility. On 12 December 1940, a Grant Deed for the majority of that property was sold by Hearst Sunical Land and Packing Corporation to the United States of America. In the same year, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, transferred approximately 107,895 acres of land surrounding HLMR to the U.S. Army, thereby completing the militqb'sacquisition of land for HLMF1. Many parcels of land throughout the area near the coast remained privately owned, termed "excluded" from the reservation on various Department of the Army survey maps of the area. The Los Burros Mining District was also located in the southern portion of this area. Historical documentation shows that the lmd west of the current HLMR border extending to the Pacific Ocean was once used for limited grwnd maneuvers and a possible ship to shore target area (Figure 2). These two activities are described as follows. "LIMITED TO MANEUVERS ONLY" AREA: A Los Padres National Forest map, dated 1940, shows an area depicted as "limited to maneuvers only" (Figure 1). The area is from T.23 S., R.5 E., S.18, MDM (the location of the Pacific Valley Ranger Station), and heading south through the point known as Cape San Martin, to T.24 S., R.5 E., S.10,

MDM. All of the property east to the active border in between these to sections was
depicted as "limited to maneuvers only" cn this map. The map is titled as "Training & Maneuver Area, Bivouacs, Etc., for Hunter Liggett Military Reservation, California." A document was discovered in the Fort Ord Panorama titled "Little Korea." This document states that the narrow mountain ridges on HLMR were very similar to tho,sein the Far East. A paragraph extracted from that document describes that a regular part of the 16week basic Infantry training for soldiers was to hike from the shore of the Pacific Ocean to the entrance of Stony Valley on HLMR:
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INPR, Alder Peak, Monterey County, California

"These men were in the 15" week of raining when they rode trucks down Coast Highway One to Cape San Maltin, 75 miles south of the city of Monterey. Entering the Santa Lucia mountain range they left the trucks to bivouac near an old mining claim, preparing for a 13-mile hike over a mountain trail they dubbed the Bumi Road and plodded on toward their objective, the entrance of Stony Valley (reference 4)."

Due to this area being titled "Limited to Maneuvers Only" and no historical indication of additional activities other than hiking had occurred from HLMR, it has been determined that it is likely this area has no HTRW concerns. Therefore, no further action is recommended for this area. "SHIP TO SHORE FIRING TARGETS" AREA: A topographic map titled "Cape San Martin" was discovered at the National A-chives and Records Administration, San Bruno. The plotted topographic map depicts a ship to shore firing target mnge fan that was hand drawn in ink (Figure 2). The m.xp also has a hand drawn range fan depicted as

Anti Tank. The Anti Tank area is east of the current border (i.e.,located on active portions of HLMR); therefore, it is not ad,h-essedin this Inventory Project Report.
The Archive Search Report, prepa:ed by USACE, St. Louis District, also stated that during World War II the Navy used partions of the El Piojo and Gabillan Impact Areas for practice aerial training. Those two impact areas are located on the active portion of HLMR. Ordnance used by the Navy on the active property of HLMR was limited to water-filled practice bombs (up to 150 pounds), practice rockets, small smoke bombs, and .30 and .SOcaliber machine gms. A majority of the practice air attacks were directed by ground forces. No documentation has been discovered regarding the use of ordnance on Forest Service property. Research was performed with the assistance of the Forest Service. A local area resident, Mr. Jim Krenkel, was contacted to help acquire any known historical information. In a Record of Conversation performed on 7 January 1999, IW. Krenkel
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FNPR, Alder Peak, Monterey County, California stated that more than 80 years ago his family were homesteaders on the land which he currently resides. His home is located ap~roximately seven miles south of'the Pacific

Valley Ranger Station. Mr. Krenkel indic3ted that he remembered hearing; from someone that the Navy possibly shot at a rock outcr'~pping the shore of the Pacific Ocean. That at "Man Rock" and "Dinosaur R o c k by local rock outcropping has been referred to as b ~ t h area residents. The rock outcropping is h a t e d wcst of Hwyl, approximately one quarter mile northwest from the Pacific Valley Ranger Station. Based on the knowledge and information obtained, the property area is onliy limited to possible ordnance and explosives (OE) - no HTR'W concerns. The range fan is sh.own on the map (Figure 2) with no target impact area noted (. .e. Latitude and Longitude). A imass aerial geophysical survey operation would be necessary to locate a possible impact area. No evidence (i.e. fragments, casings or documentation) has becn found regarding High Explosive (HE) bombs being deployed to a target within the Forest Service property of the range fan initiation point.

SITE VISIT: On 26 February 1999 a site visit was performed by Ms. Karise Rose, Ms. Jennifer VeirDunn, (USACE Sacramento District), and Mr. Clinton Huckins, UXO (Unexplodled Ordnance)
Safety Specialist with USACE, Fort Ord. The USACE representatives were met by Mr. Jim Calen, a volunteer Park Ranger for the Monterey Division Forest Service. Mr. Caden has been a local resident of the area for more than 20 years. When shown the map of the Ship to Shore Target Area, Mr. Calen indicated that the area was where Man Rock is located, near post mile lr arker 16 on Hwy 1. Prior to the USACE site visit, Mr. Calen had asked a few of the local long time residents if they could verify any information. He stated that no one had heard of Navy practice targets in the area. Mr. Calen escorted the USACE representatives to the location of Man Rock. The rock outcropping was
identified approximately 250 yards from the Hwy 1, and 100 feet above the ocean surface. The

rock was also detached from the continental cliff, part of a sea stack connected to the shoreline, approximately 60 feet away.
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JNPR, Alder Peak, Monterey County, California

The USACE representatives found and followed an animal trail leading in the direction of the rock. The brush along the trail was overgrown and populated with poison oak and ticks, creating an environment inhospitable to hikers. P. random visual and geophysical survey of the area was performed by Mr. Huckins using a Scho~stedt Model GA-52Cx Magnetic Locator. The edge of the continental cliff was located and it was determined that the actual rock is inaccessible without the proper climbing equipment. No evidence of ordnance or ordnance activity was discovered. Mr. Huckins, UXO Safety Specialist, concluded that it is veiy unlikely that this "Rock" was a target due to its close proximity to Hwyl. 'The rock was also too close to the point of initiation of the range fan (Figure 2). Mr. Huckins also stated that the evidence regarding the Navy's use of impact areas for practice air attacks (directed by ground forces), on currently active

HLMR property, raises the probability that any skip to shore firing used the same techniques.
Aho discussed with NZr. Huckins were facts of ths active HLMR border being approximately four miles from the Pacific Ocean shoreline, and 'iistorical HLMR survey maps indicate the two practice target impact areas used by the Navy are approximately six miles from the shoreline. Mr. Huckins stated that Battle Ships are reported to fire up to 21 miles (maximum range distances) and Cruiser Ships are able to fire up to 12 miles in distance. Mr. Huckiins concluded from these facts that it is very likely that any ship to shore firing was executed east over the Santa Lucia Mountain Range (directed by ground force:,), possibly to the El Piojo and Giabilan Impact Areas located on the currently active HLMR facility. Evidence indicates that the property was c sed only as an initiation sitc of a ship to shore target area and maneuvers only area (hiking) for training troops. Available information suggests that there are no ordnance in the area of the initia: range fan. The future plans for the site are for the land to remain public forest land. No further IloD action is indicated for this property. A Risk Assessment Code (RAC) form is enclosed.

CATEGORY OF HAZARDS: NDAI

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INPR,Alder Peak, Monterey County, California

AVAILABLE STUDIES AND REPORT%:
1. Camp Hunter Liggett, California, Grant Deed, Dated December 12, 1940, Hearst Sunical Land and Packing corporation sells to Uni:ted States of America, found at ithe National Archives-Pacific Sien-aRegion.

2. Cape San Martin, California, map, a hand written signature and submittal, dated 18 July 1945, found at the National Archives-Pacific Sierra Region.
3. Final Project Map, dated 25 September 1946, 3epartment os the Army, South Pacific

Division, Division Engineer, Hunter-Liggztt Military Reservation. 4. Little Korea: Ord Trainees Maneuver in Ruggtcd Mountains of Hunter-Liggett Area," dated 18 January 1952, discovered at the National Personnel Record Center, St. Louis, MO. 5. Mr. Clinton Huckins, CESPK-CO-RV-MPO, Trip Report, dated 22 March 1999.
6. Records of Conversation for interviews with local residents of the area, Mr. Jim Calen, Mr.

Jim Krenkel, and Mr. Don Harlan.

7. US Army Corps of Engineers, U.S. Department of Defense Program, Base Realignment and
Closure- Ordnance, Ammunition and Explosives, Archives Search Report- Findings, BRAC Parcels, Fort Hunter Liggett, Monterey County, California, November 1998. 8. U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service:, Los Padres National Forest, Monterey Division, California, Mt. Diablo Meridian, map, 1940, Training & Maneuver Area, Bivouacs, Etc. for Hunter Liggett Militaq Reservation, California, found at the National Archives-Pacific Sierra Region.

Point Of Contact (POC): Mr. William Mullen, CESPK-ED-EB, U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers, Sacramento District, (916) 557-6944.
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DEFENSE ENVIRONMENTAL RESTORATION PROGRAM

FORMERLY USED DEFENSE SITE FINDINGS AND DETERMIlVATION OF ELIGIBILITY

ALDER PEAK MONTEREY COUNTY, CALlFORNlA DEW-FUDS SITE NO. J09CA7286

m D I N G S OF FACT
1. The United States Government acquired 2ci6,950.11 acres in 1940 and 1941, both in
fee and by transfer, to form the Hunter Liggett Military Reservation. Between 1946

a and 1987,91,000 acres of this property w s disposed, and it is this disposed portion
of the Hunter Liggett Military Reservation which comprises the Alder Peak site. 2. This site was used primarily for training, ground maneuvers, and possibly a ship-toshore firing target area.
3. Between 1946 and 1987, the United States Government disposed 91,000 acres of

Hunter Liggett Military Reservation. The remaining 175,000 acres comprise the current
Fort Hunter Liggett, as the installation is now zalled.

DEACTIEATION
Based on the foregoing findings of fact, the site has been determined to be formerly used

by the DoD. It is therefore eligile for the Defense Environmental Restoration .Program
for Formerly Used Defense Sites established cnder 10 USC 2701 et seq.

-+2mfL$L Date
Commanding

- - - ACTIVE HLMR BORDER

.'

LOCATION AND SITE MAP

FUDS SITE, NO. J09C.47286
ICILE:

NOT TO SCALE

nCURE:

CAPE S,AN MARTIN,CALIFORNlA

FIJDS SITE NO. J09CA7286

SC*CE:

. NOT TO

nmE;

SCALE

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INPR, Alder Peak, Monterey County, California

Attachment 1
Risk Assessment Code (RAC) form

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APrnPDIX B RISK ASSESSMENT PROCEDURES FOR ORDNANCE AND EXPLOSIVES (OE) SITES
Site Name: Alder Peak Site Location: Monterey County, California DBRP Project #: J09CA7286 Date Completed: March 1999 Ratel's Name: Ms. Karisc Rose Phone No.: (916) 557-6940 Orgaization: Environmental Design Section, IJSACE Score:: 5

OE RISK ASSESSMENT: This risk assessment procedure was developed in accordance with MIL-STI3 882C and AR 385-10. The Risk Assessment Code (RAC) score will be used by thc U.S. Army Ergineering and Support Center, Huntsville (USAESCH) , Ordnance and Explosives Team (CEHNC-OE) to prioritize the r:medial action(s) at Formerly Used Defense Sites (FUDS). The risk assessment should be based upon the best available informat.on resulting from records searches, reports of Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) Detachment actions, field observatioits, interviews, and measurements. This information is used to assess the risk involved based on the potential OE hazards identi ied at the site. The risk assessment is composed of two factors, hazard severity and hazard orobability. Personnel involved in vi ;its to potential OE sites should view the CEHNC-OE videotape entitled "A Life Threatening Encounter: OEW."

P r I. Hazard Severity. Hazard severity edtegories are defined t a provide n qualitative measure of the woait credible event at resulting from personnel exposure to various types and quantitier of unex~loded ordnance.

TYPE OF ORDNANCE: (Circle all values that

A. Conventional Ordnance and Ammunition Medium/ldrge caliber (20rnm and larger) Bombs, explosive Grenades, hand or rifle, explosive Landrnine, explosive Rockets, guided missiles, explosive Detonators, blasting caps, fuses, boosters, bursters Bombs, practice (wispotting charges) Grenades, practice (w/spotting charges) Landmine, practice (wlspotting charges) Small Arms, Complete Round (.22 cal - .50 cal) Small A r m s , Expended Practice ordnance (wo / spotting charges) Conventional Ordnance and Ammunition llxgest single value)
VALUE

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What evidence do you have regarding conventional unexploded ordnance? It was discovered that the Navy used portions of the EI Piojo and Gabilan Impact Areas for aerial training, which are located on the currently active portion of Hunter Liggett Military Reservation (HLMR). Ordnance was limited to water-filled practice bombs (up to 150pounds), practice rockets, small smoke bombs, and .30 ard .50 caliber machine guns. Majority of the practice air attacks were directed by ground forces. It was determined that these items were not likely used on the subject property, which is we2 t of the current active HLMR border.

B.

Pyrotechnics (For munitions not described above.) Munition (Container) Containing White Phosphorus (WP) or other pyrophoric material (i.e., spontaneously flammable) Munition containing a flame or incendiary material (i.e.,Napalm, Triethylaluminurn metal incendiaries) Flares, signals, simulators, screening smokes (other than WP)

VALUE
10

Pyrotechnics {Select the largest single value) What evidence do you have regarding pyrotechnics?

C.

Bulk High Explosives (HE) (Not an integral part of conventional ordnance; uncontainerized.)

VALUE
Primary or Initiating Explosives (Lead Styphnate, Lead Azide Nitroglycerin, Mercury Azide, Mercury Fulminate, Terracene, etc.) Demolition Charges Secondary Explosives (PETN, Compositions A, B, C , Tetryl, TNT, RDX, HMX, HBX, Black Powder, etc.)

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Military Dynamite Less Sensitive Explosives (Ammonium Nitrate, Explosive D, etc.) High Explosives (Select the largest single value) What evidence do you have regarding bulk explcsives?

D.

Bulk Propellants (Not an integral part of .,.ockets,guided missiles, or otheir conventional ordnance; uncontainerized) VALUE
Solid or Liquid Propellants
6

Propellants (Total) What evidence do you have regarding bulk propdlants?

E.

Chemical Warfare Material (CWM) and liadiological Weapons

VALUE

Toxic Chemical Agents (Choking, Nerve, Blood, Blister)

War Gas Identification Sets

Radiological Riot Control Agents (Vomiting, Tear) Chemical and Radiological {Select the largest single value) What evidence do you have of chemical or radiological?
-0

20
15

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TOTAL HAZARD SEVERITY VALUE? (Sum of Largest Values for A through E--Maxirxm of 61). Apply this value to Table 1 to determine Hazywd Severity Category.

-1-

TABLE 1 HAZARD SEVERITY *

Description

Value
CATASTROPHIC
CRITICAL,

Cxeaory -

- Severity Hazard
21 and/or greater

MARGINAL

NEGLIGIBLE

Part IU and use a RAC Score of 5 to determine your appropriate action.

* Apply Hazard Severity Category to Table 3. ** If Hazard Severity Value is 0, you do not need to complete Part 11 of this form. Proceed to

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Part II. Hazard Probabilitv. The probability that a hazard has been, or will be, created due to the presence and other rated factors of unexploded 0;-dnanceor explosive materials on a formerly used Department of Defense (DoD) site,

AREA, EXTENT, ACCESSIBILITY OF OE HAZARD (Circle all values that apply)

A. Locations of OE Hazards On the surface Within Tanks, Pipes, Vessels or other confined areas. Inside walls, ceilings, or other building/structure. Subsurface
Location [Select the single largest value)

VALUE

0 -

What evidence do you have regarding location of OE? On 26 February 1999 a site visit was perfamed by US Amy Corps of Engineers (USACE) representatives. Mr. C. Huckins, an Ordnance and Explosive (OE) Safety Specialist with USACE was among the representatives. M -.Huckins performed a random geophysical survey walk through of the site using a Schonstedt Model GA-52Cx Magnetic Lacator. .No anomalies were detected at the location of the possible former target.

B.

Distance to the nearest inhabited location1 structure likely to be at risk from OE hazard VALUE (roads, parks, playgrounds, building, etc.: Less than 1,250 feet 1250 feet to 0.5 miles
0.5 miles to 1.O mile

1.0mile to 2.0 miles

Over 2 miles Distance [Select the single largest value
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What are the nearest inhabited structures/buildings? The area is forest land located along the California Coast. There are camping facilities located within a one mile radius of the area.

C.

Number(s) of building(s) within a 2 mile radius measured from the OE hazard area, not the installation boundary. VALUE

26 and over
16 to 25
11 to 15

5,

6 to 10
1 to5

0
Number of Buildings Iselect the single le~aest value) Narrative: The Pacific Valley Ranger Station is locz,.tedapproximately one quarter nlile south form the possible former target area.

D.

Types of Buildings (within a 2 mile radits) VALUE Educational, Child Care, Residential, Holspitals, Hotels, Commercial, Shopping Centers Industrial, Warehouse, etc. Agricultural, Forestry, etc. Detention, Correctional

No Buildings
Types of Buildings JSelect the largest siqgle value)
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Describe types of buildings in the area: The Pacific Valley Ranger Station is located approximately one quarter mile south form the possible former target area.

E.

Accessibility to site refers to access by h~lrnans ordnance and explosives. Use the to following guidance: VALUE No barrier nor security system Barrier is incomplete (e.g.,in disrepair ot does not completely surround the site). Barrier is intended to deny egress from the site, as for a barbed wire fence for grazing.
5

A barrier, (any kind of fence in good repair) but po separate means to control entry. Barrier js intended to deny access to the site.
Security guard, but no barrier Isolated site A 24-hour surveillance system (e.g., television monitoring or surveillance by guards or facility personnel) which continuously monitors and controls entry onto the facility; or An artificial or naturd barrier (e.g., a fence combined with a cliff), which completely surrounds the facility; and a means to control entry, at all times, through the gates or other entrances to the facility (e.g., an attendant, television monitors, locked entrances, or controlled roadway access to the facility). Accessibility {Select the single lar~est va'lue) Describe the site accessibility: The area is U.S.Forest property located 2150 yards from Pacific Coast Highway One. During the site visit, USACE representatives focnd and followed an animal trail leading in the
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kQ020

direction of the possible former target area. The brush along the trail was overgrown and had. . many biological hazards, including poison oak arid ticks, creating an environment inhospitable to hikers.

F. Site Dynamics - This deals with the site conditions that are subject to change in the future, but may be stable at the present. Exampl~s would be excessive soil erosion on beaches or streams, increasing land development that could reduce distances from the site to inhabitated areas or otherwise increase accessibility. VALUE
Expected None Anticipated Site Dynamics {Select largest value) Describe the site dynamics: The site will remain as undeveloped US,Forest property.

0
-0-

TOTAL HAZARD PROBABILITY VALUE

(Sumof Largest Values for A through F--Maximum of 30)

Apply this value to Hazard Probability Table 2 to determine Hazard Probability Level

-8-

TABLE 2 HAZARD PROBABILlTY *

Pescri~tion Value FREQUENT

Hazard - Probability
27 or greater

PROBABLE

B
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21 to 26

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OCCASIONAL

15 to 20

RIEMOTE
IMPROBABLE

D
E

8 to 14
less than 8

* Apply Hazard Probability Level to Table 3.

P r III. Risk Assessment. The risk asscssrnent value for this site is determined using the at following Table. Enter the results of the Hazard Probability and Hazard Severity values.
Table 3 Probability Level Severity Category Frequent A Probable B Occasional Improbable

Critical

1
2

2
3

3
4

4
.4

5
5

I I
Marginal

RISK ASSESSMENT CODE (RAC) RAC 1 Expedite INPR, recomme.nding further action by CEHNC: Immediately call CEHNC -0E-S -- Commercial 205-895,l582Il598.

RAC 2
RAC 3

High priority on completion of INPR - Recommend further action by CEHNC.

Complete INF'R

- Recommend further action by CEHNC. RAC Worksheet - Page 9

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RAC 4

Complete INPR - Recommend further action by CEHNC.

RAC 5

Usually indicates thax no further action (NOFA,) is necessary. Submit NOFA and RAC to CEHNC.

Part N.Narrative. Summarize the documented evidence that supports this risk (assessment. If no documented evidence was available, explain d l the assumptions that you madie.

Evidence indicates that the site was used.only as an initiation site of a ship to shore target area and maneuvers only area for training troops Available information suggests that there are no ordnance in the location of the initial fan rang;e area discovered on a historicdl map. The future plans for the site are for the land to remain public forest property. Mr. Clinton Huckins, Unexploded Ordnmce (UXO) Safety Specialist, recommends that unless an Archives Search Report can find susta nable evidence, other than a hand drawn map, no further action is necessary for the area knowr as "Man Rock." Mr. Huckins also stated that no evidence (i.e. fragments, casings or documer tation) has been found regarding High Explosive (HE) bombs being deployed to a target within o near the property. x

No further action is recommended for th: s site.

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