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Virtual Circuits Vs Datagrams

2007

Packet Switching vs. Circuit Switching

Two approaches to data transfer: Circuit Switching Create Virtual Circuit and send data using it Should be connection-oriented Packet Switching (datagram) Divide data to packets, send them separately and reassemble at destination May be connection-less or connectionoriented Example: Data communication

Routing
Routing answers the question Where should we send a packet? by searching for the next hop Routing algorithms Routing is Network-layer (IP) specific term On data-link layer (Ethernet) this will be called bridging Routing relates to packet switching not circuit switching Routing is dynamic: Each packet may travel its own way Routing is connection-less Device: Router

Switching
Switching answers the question Where should we send a packet? by looking for the next hop in the table Switching table Identifier Address Port Protocol Connection identifier Level-2 Switches (Use level-2 information for packet forwarding) Level-3 Switches (Use level-3 information for packet forwarding) May be connection-oriented or connection-less Device: switch

Virtual Connection Switching

Switch Map

VCI 57 68
1
VCI 57 VCI 68

Interface 2 3
2
VCI 68

VCI 68 68

VCI 68

3 Physical Interfaces

Routing Table

Connection Setup (example)

Setup Setup Call Proceeding Call Proceeding Call Proceeding Connect Connect Connect Connect Ack Connect Ack Release complete Connect Ack Release Reject Accept Setup

Connection Release

Release Release Release Complete Release Complete Release Complete Release

Release Release Release Release Complete Release Complete Release Complete

Connection Release

Connection
Release Release

Terminated
Release Complete Release Complete

Switching vs Routing
Datagram Virtual-Circuit

Switching vs Routing
Datagram Virtual-Circuit

Switching vs Routing
Datagram Virtual-Circuit

Switching vs Routing
Datagram Virtual-Circuit
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Switching vs Routing
Datagram Virtual-Circuit
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Switching vs Routing
Datagram Virtual-Circuit
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Switching vs Routing
Datagram Virtual-Circuit
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Switching vs Routing
Datagram Virtual-Circuit
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Switching vs Routing
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Switching vs Routing
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Datagram Virtual-Circuit
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QoS

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Datagram Virtual-Circuit
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, QoS VC-

#1

#9

B (#10)

Sending message from A to B 9 intermediate stations Message size 80Kbyte Using one slot of T1 line (1.536 Mb/s/24 = 64kb/s) Queuing delay 5ms Signaling packet size 512 bytes Packet header length 20 byte How long will it take to transmit this message Using circuit? Using packet switching with packets 1620 byte? Using packets 4020 byte?

#1

#9

B (#10)

Circuit switching: Establish circuit: Signaling Queuing delay 9*5ms + 9*5ms = 90ms (=0.09sec) Single Signaling transmission delay 512*8/64= 64ms Full signaling transmission delay = 2 (64ms + 9*64) = 1.28sec Data Transmission 80*8 / 64 = 10sec Total time 10 +1.28 + 0.09 = 11.37sec

#1

#9

B (#10)

Packet switching: Packet payload 1620 20 = 1600 byte Number of packets 80/(1.6) = 50 Each packet takes 1620 * 8/ 64 = 202.5 ms to transmit Single packet travel time: (202.5 + 5) * 9 + 202.5 = 2.07 ms Data Transmission 202.5 * 50 = 10.125 sec Total time 10.125 + 2.07 = 12.195 sec

#1

#9

B (#10)

Packet switching: Packet payload 4020 20 = 4000 byte Number of packets 80/(4) = 20 Each packet takes 4020 * 8/ 64 = 502.5 ms to transmit Single packet travel time: (502.5 + 5) * 9 + 502.5 = 5070 Data Transmission 502.5 * 20 = 10.05 sec Total time 10.05 + 5.07 = 15.12 sec