EE

731:Design and Analysis of Experiments using Taguchi Method

Assignment 1
09011017

Measured y values
Expt. No X1 X2
X3
X4 X5
14.06
14.13
1
1
2
2
2
2
28.05
28.18
2
1
2
1
2
1
5.35
5.62
3
1
1
2
1
2
10.67
11.22
4
1
1
1
1
1
69.06
70.79
5
2
2
2
1
1
5.49
5.62
6
2
2
1
1
2
8.69
8.91
7
2
1
2
2
2
17.35
17.78
8
2
1
1
2
1
43.57
44.67
9
3
2
2
1
1
4.44
4.47
10
3
2
1
2
2
11
3
1
2
2
1
27.49
28.18
12
3
1
1
1
2
1.69
1.78

Answer (1)

The 3 properties of orthogonal arrays are verified as:

1)Each column is balanced as for X1- factor levels 1, 2 and 3 occur 4 times and
for X2-X5- factor levels 1 & 2 occur 6 times each.

2) If we consider any column with X1 then all combinations (1,1), (1,2), (2,1),
(2,2), (3,1), (3,2) occur twice each. If we consider 2 columns from X2-X5 then all
(1,1), (1,2), (2,1), (2,2) occur thrice.

3) If we consider any level in X1, it is balanced by every other column from X2-X5
i.e for any level in X2-X5, factor level 1,2 and 3 occur twice each. Similarly if any
other column is compared against any level of X1, factor levels 1 & 2 occur twice.
If we compare two columns from X2 to X5, for each factor level in one column
(Say X2), levels 1 & 2 of the other column (say X5) occur thrice.

Answer (2)
ANOM for Larger-the-better:
Where ! = 10 log (

!
!
!!! ! ! )
!

Factor
Level 1
Level 2
X1*
21.99
24.00
X2
18.99
25.00
X3
17.99
25.99
X4*
20.99
23.00
X5
28.99
14.99
Overall mean is 22 dB

Level 3
19.99

14.2
28.32
5.9
11.78
72.56
5.76
9.14
18.23
45.79
4.49
28.89
1.87

Fig1. ANOM for Larger-the-better:

Factor Effect Plot
34
32
30
28

dB

26
24
22
20
18
16
14

X11

X12

X13

X21

X22

X31
Factors

X32

X41

X51

X52

ANOM for smaller-the-better:
Where ! = 10 log (

X42

!
!
!!! !! )

Factor
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
X1*
-22.00 -24.00
-20.01
X2
-19.01
-25.00
X3
-18.01
-26.00
X4*
-21.01
-23.00
X5
-29.00
-15.00

Overall mean is 22 dB

Fig 2. ANOM for Smaller-the-better

ANOM for Nominal-the-best:
!!

Where ! = 10 log (!! )

Factor
Level 1
X1
36.21
X2
29.07
X3*
34.66
X4
29.15
X5*
33.50
Overall mean is 34 dB

Level 2
32.15
39.02
33.43
38.94
34.59

Level 3
33.78


Fig 3. ANOM for Nominal-the-best

Factor Effect Plots
42

40

38

dB

36

34

32

30

28

26

X11

X12

X13

X21

X22

X31
Factors

X32

X41

X42

X51

X52

Answer (3)
ANOVA table for Larger-the-better:
Factor
X1*
X2
X3
X4*
X5
Error
Total
(error)

Level 1
21.99
18.99
17.99
20.99
28.99

Level 2
24.00
25.00
25.99
23.00
14.99

Level 3
19.99

Degrees of Sum of Mean

freedom Squares Square %
F
2
32.02
16.01
-
-
1
108.33 108.33 11.6 19.64
1
192.05 192.05 20.6 34.81
1
12.11
12.11
-
-
1
588.11 588.11 63.1 106.61
5
0.00
0.00
-
-
11
932.62
-
100.0
-
8
44.13
5.52
4.7
-

Error is pooled with X1 and X4
Confidenct interval = 2e=4.7 (dB)
!
!
Prediction error = 2pred = (! + ! )!!! = 3.67 (dB)2
!

Fig 4. Factor effect with error bars for Larger-the-better

Factor Effect Plot
34
32
30
28

dB

26
24
22
20
18
16
14

X11

X12

X13

X21

X22

X31
Factors

X32

X41

X42

X51

X52




ANOVA table for Smaller-the-better:
Factor
X1*
X2
X3
X4*
X5
Error
Total
(error)

Level 1
-22.00
-19.01
-18.01
-21.01
-29.00

Level 2
-24.00
-25.00
-26.00
-23.00
-15.00

Level 3
-20.01

Degrees of
freedom
2
1
1
1
1
5
11
8

Error is pooled with X1 and X4
Confidenct interval =2e=4.69 (dB)
!
!
Prediction error = 2pred = (! + ! )!!! = 3.67 (dB)2
!

Sum of
Squares
31.96
107.82
191.93
11.94
587.90
0.00005
931.54
43.90

Mean
Square
%
F
15.98
-
-
107.82 11.6 19.65
191.93 20.6 34.98
11.94
-
-
587.90 63.1 107.13
0.00
-
-
-
100.0
-
5.49
4.7
-

Fig 5. Factor effect with error bars for Smaller-the-better

ANOVA table for Nominal-the-Best:
Degrees of
Factor Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
freedom
X1
36.21
32.15
33.78
2
X2
29.07
39.02
1

X3*
34.66
33.43
1

X4
29.15
38.94
1

X5*
33.50
34.59
1

Error
5



Total
11



(error)
7

X5
Pooled error is used pooling
X3 and
Confidenct interval = 2e=2.6 (dB)
!
!
Prediction error = 2pred = (! + ! )!!! = 1.12 (dB)2

Sum of
Squares
33.25
296.63
4.48
287.96
3.62
3.62
629.56
11.73

Mean
Square
%
F
16.62
5.3
22.97
296.63 47.1 409.82
4.48
-
-
287.96 45.7 397.84
3.62
-
-
0.72
-
-
-
100.0

1.68
1.9

Fig 6. Factor effect with error bars for Nominal-the-best

Factor Effect Plots
42

40

38

dB

36

34

32

30

28

26

X11

X12

X13

X21

X22

X31
Factors

X32

X41

X42

X51

X52

Answer (4)
Best Settings:
Larger-the-better: (X1:2, X2:2, X3:2, X4:2, X5:1)
Smaller-the-better: (X1:3, X2:1, X3:1, X4:1, X5:2)
Nominal-the-best: (X1:1, X2:2, X3:1, X4:2, X5:2)

Best results:
Larger-the-better =(24+25+26+23+29)-4*22 = 39 dB
Smaller-the-better = (-20-19-18-21-15)+4*22 = -5 dB
Nominal-the-best = (36+39 + 35 + 39 + 35 4*34) = 47 dB

Adjustment Factor:
For Larger-the-better and Smaller-the-better, we have no adjustment factor
possible. For Nominal-the-best, since we dont know the desired value, we
cannot find adjustment factor.