Good & Bad Practice

Contents
Introduction Section Section Section Section Section Section Section Section Section Section Table Table Table Table Table Appendix 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 ............................................. 4 Cargo Carrying Units (CCUs) Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Slings and Shackles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Supply Base Checks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Loading and Securing Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Slinging of Tubulars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Loads Requiring Special Attention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Positioning of Loads on Vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Sea Fastening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Positioning of Loads on Trucks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 Security of Loads on Trucks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Chain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 Load Binders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 Wire Rope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Alloy Shackles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 Rigging Screws . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 General Pre-Lifting Checklist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

good

bad

Cargo Carrying Units (CCUs) Design

While it is acceptable to use wire mesh / expamet on the sides of a basket, it should not be used as floor material. Can you give three reasons why it is not suitable?

floor design : bad Expament / wire mesh / open grating are NOT suitable as floor material! mesh sides with SOLID floor

cargo basket : good

Answer : 1. expamet is generally not strong enough 2. it is easily pierced by sharp heavy objects 3. the possibility of smaller items falling through the mesh, i.e. dropped objects

Cargo Carrying Units (CCUs) Design

Padeyes on CCUs At present there are no national nor international standards relating specifically to padeye design, however, some guidance is given in various container standards. The following information is based on that guidance and industry good practice. Padeyes that have been flame cut must have all cutting marks ground out to eliminate stress points. The holes should always be drilled or bored and not flame cut. If cheek plates are fitted, they should be line bored after fitting. smooth profile, hole correct size, hole bored / drilled, adequate thickness. adequate material left around hole, good quality welding

padeye : good flame-cut outer profile, flame-cut hole, hole too near top of padeye, padeye plate inadequate thickness

padeye : bad

16

Supply Base Checks

check for loose items on the roof check condition of tank check condition of frame check certification check gross weight for overload

check correct hazard labels fitted check for loose items on the base / decking / in forklift pockets

check valves are locked shut and dust caps are fitted

43

Loading and Securing Contents

If you pack, lash and sea fasten for these conditions ...

photo courtesy of Hugh Dunlop

heavy seas : bad ... then you wont end up in this situation!

!!

lashing failure = damage to cargo : bad

51

Positioning of Loads on Trucks

When loading trucks, for standard or normal cargo, place the items on the truck in the reverse order of removal, i.e. first off, should be the last on. The first items loaded should be placed hard against the headboard of the trailer, so that in the event of heavy braking, they cannot slide forward gaining momentum. This is particularly important when loading bundles of tubulars, which can turn into missiles under heavy breaking.

cargo hard against trailer headboard

cargo hard against trailer headboard : good

When transporting tubulars, when each bundle is landed, the slings should be laid along the length of the bundle to prevent them being crushed by the next bundle. Where possible, position the slings where they can be reached from ground level, but ensure they cannot fall and drag along the ground (lash with soft rope where necessary). This makes it easier for offloading at the suppliers yard. Samson posts (stanchions or bolsters) should be in place along the sides of the trailer and wedges should be used where necessary to stabilise the load.

no trailer headboard : bad

WARNING : never use a trailer that doesnt have a robust headboard. wooden headboards are acceptable, but steel or steel covered headboards are preferred 73