INFINITIVE Vejamos agora os casos em que o infinitive obrigatrio em alguns deles com to, em outros sem to.

. Para, facilitar, convencionaremos chamar de to-infinitive o infinitivo com to, e apenas infinitive o infinitico sem o to. Convm lembrar que, em ingls, muitas vezes o subjuntivo expresso por um infinitive. Portanto, h casos em que o infinitive equivale ao nosso subjuntivo. 1. Alguns verbos reagem to-infinitive, isto , quando seguidos de outroverbo, exigem que este esteja no to-infinitive. Entre eles destacamos: to hope (esperar) to agree (concordar) to promise (prometer) to attempt (tentar) to decide (decider) to forget (esquecer) to fail (deixar de) to learn (aprender) to dare (atrever-se) to manage (conseguir) to pretend (finger) to seem (parecer) to plan (planejar) to offer (oferecer) to threaten (ameaar) to refuse (recusar) to appear (parecer) Exemplos : George refused to give me a lift. Dont forget to pay the phone bill. She hopes to become a famous actress. Im sure you will manage to pass. Observaes a. O verbo to dare admite infinitive com ou sem to I wouldnt dare to ask the boss for a raise. I wouldnt dare ask the boss for a raise. b.Para fazer a negative do to-infinitive, basta acrescentar not antes do to. We decided not to go because it was raining. Albert pretended not to see his former girlfriend.

2. Alguns verbos seguidos de pronome relative (What, Where, How, When etc.) pedem to-infinitive. Entre eles salientamos: To ask (perguntar) To decide (decider) To know (saber) To remember (lembrar) To forget (esquecer) To tell (dizer) To understand (compreender) Exemplos : I explained to him how to use the computer. Have you decided where to go for your vacation. I dont remember what to do to send an e-mail. Do you know how to play bridge? 3. Um pequeno numero de verbos que exigem to-infinite adimitem duas estruturas de frase, ou seja, o objeto pode ser posicionado antes ou depois do to-infinitive, conforme o caso. Entre esses verbos, merecem destaque: To want (querer) To ask (pedir) To help (ajudar) To expect (esperar) Would like (gostaria) Verbo + to-infinitive + objeto Do you want to do this right now? She asked to speak to the manager. Ill help (to) wash the dishes. We would like to play cards. Verbo + objeto + to-infinitive I expect him to come on time. We wanted our team to win. Mary asked Tom to go with her. Ill help you (to) carry the suitcase. Observaes: a. O verbo to help tambm pode ser seguido por infinitive (sem to), como veremos mais adiante. b. Em alguns casos, o to-infinitive pode ser traduzido por um subjuntivo, como ocorre no primeiro e no segundo exemplos.

4. H tambm verbos, em numero maior, que exigem um objeto (substantivo ou pronome) antes do to-infinitive. A estrutura da fase deve ser: Verbo + objeto + toinfinitive. Entre esses verbos, os principais so: To tell (dizer, mandar) To onder (ordenar) To reminde (fazer lembrar) To teach (ensinar) To advise( aconselhar) To warn (avisar, alertar) To encourage (animar, encorajar) To invite (convidar) To force (forar) To allow(permitir) To enable (possibilitar) To persuade (persuader) To get (no sentido de mandar) Exemplos : Who taught you (how) to drive? I advised him to be very careful. Paul encorageded me to go. Remind me to call jane tonight. Ill get someone to clean the garden. Alguns exemplos na voz passive: The children were warned not to cross the street. He was forced to hand over all his money. 5. O infinitive (sem to) empregado: .Com verbosdos sentidos- to hear (ouvir), to see (ver), to watch (observar), to feel (sentir). Nesse caso, admite-se tambm a forma em ing. I saw john get into the car I saw john getting into the car. She felt the blood run down her face. I heard them say that. I heard them saying that. .Com verbos como to let (deixar), to make (fazer, obrigar), to have (mandar, fazer com que ), to help (ajudar). Let me carry the suitcase for you. I made her clean the whole house. Mr jones had his secretary type the letters. My brother helped me to do my homework. My brother helped me do my homework. Observe que o verbo to help admite infinitivo com ou sem to.

6. Finalmente, temos: a. to-infinitive depois de adjetivos que expressam estado emocional. I was afraid to fail the test. He was eager to go. She was anxious to knows. Are you willing to help me? b. to-infinitive de inteno ou fidelidade. She went to she supermarket to buy meat and vegetables. I need a towel to wipe my hands. Give the poor man something to eat. The president always has bodyguards to protect him. I need money to buy food. c. to-infinitive em oraes em que aparecem to (muito, demais) ou enough (suficiente). This suitcase is too heavy for carol to carry. I dont have enough money to pay my debts.