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Partcles of matter are very small beyond our imagination how to show this water is matter as it occupies space and haa a mass.its particle can not be seen thus we can say that particles of matter are very small Explain characteristics of matter 1-particles of matter are very small and cannot be seen by a naked eye 2-particles of matter are in continuos random motion 3-particles of matter have intermolecular spaces between them which vary from state to state 4-particles of matter have intermolecular forces of attraction between them which vary from one state to the other

Give reasons for the following observation: The smell of hot sizzling food reaches you several metres away, but to get the smell from - cold food you have to go close. ANS- as the food is hot and sizzling,its vapour acquire more kinetic energy due to which they are able to diffuys faster and hence we can smell the food several metres away.as incase of cold food the kinetic energy of the particles is less hence the take time to diffuse.du to which we have to go closer A diver is able to cut through water in a swimming pool.but u cannot cut thrugh a stone// Which property of matter does this - observation show? ANS-a diver is abl to cut through water in a swimmiung opool because ethe intermolecular spaces in water is more than that of solid.their intermolecular forces are lesser than that of solids.due to which they can flow and are not tightly packed. hence the diver is able to push the particles . while in the case of solids the intermolecular spaces are the least and the intermolecular forces are the most as the partyicles are tightly packed together.thus we can not separate the particles - What is density? it ca be defined as mass perunit volume Give reasons (a) A gas fills completely the vessel in which it is kept. the intermolecular forces between particles of gass are the least,thus the particles move freely in every direction.hence gas fills the vessel in which it is kept (b) A gas exerts pressure on the walls of the container. the kinetic energy of the particles of gases are the most, their intermolecular forces are the least which makes it possible for them to move in every direction. thus when it is put in a container the particles nmove in every direction and because they have high kinetic energy they exert pressure on the walls of the container (c) A wooden table should be called a solid. a wooden table should calld a solid as it has a definite shape as well as volume. (d) We can easily move our hand in air but to do the same through a solid block of wood - we need a karate expert. the particles of air having least intermolecular forces are far apart from each other thus we are able to move or hand in air.butr in case of soiolids the particles so tihghtly packed that it is hard to move our hand through it

What is melting point it is the temperature at which a solid changes into liquid at normal atmospheric pressure Which has more energy water at zero degrees or ice at zero degrees? water at 0 degrees has more energy as it has absorbed the additional heat which was supplied to the ice to change its state. As water contains the additional heat which is called the latent heat of fusion,the kinetic enrgy acquired by its particles is more than that of the ice Explain a surface phenomenon evaporation is a surface phenomenon.in trhis the volatile organics present at the surface change theire state from liquid to vapour at a temperature below its boiling point What is latent heat of vaporization it is the amount of heat required to convert liquid into vapour at a fixed temperature called its boiling point at normal atmospheric pressure. What is sublimation it is a process in which a solid directly changes into vapour without going through the liquid state. With temperature we can change state of a matter, what other thing can be done to change state give example with change in pressure the state can be changed. example-if pressure is applied on a gas, its particles will start losing its kinetic energy and thus would not be able to overcome the intermolecular forces between them,so the gase changes into liquid What id dry ice it is the solid form of carbon dioxide Rate of evaporation depends on 1-humidity 2-temperature 3-wind speed 4-surface area How does evaporation cause cooling? Give example from daily life| evaporation id a surface phenomenion. The process of evaporation requires heat so the liquid absorbs the heat from the surface ,thus it causes cooling. example- when we are sweating and go sit under the fan,we feel comfortable and cool, as the fan removes the water vapour already present in the air, making space for more water yaour.when opur sweat evaporates it absorbs the heat of our body as evaporation requires heat.thus we fell cool