Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
M-932-68-08
Report
MEMORANDUM 10 February To: From : Subiect: A/Acting MA/Apollo Apollo Administrator Program 8 Mission Director Post Launch Report # 1 1969
(AS-503)
The Apollo Saturday, craft that Space based Apollo and and all evaluation continuing Flight
was
from as planned
the
Space
on
recovery debriefing
space-
Pacific based
1968.
indicates
mission and
refined
Further detailed analysis of all data is of the mission will be reported in Manned
Center
reports. as described as having in this achieved report, agency I am recommending preset primary that the
objectives
Lt.
General, Program
Apollo
ssociate Manned
for
Report
No.
M-932-68-08
REPORT
APOLLO
Prepared by: Apollo Program
8 MISSION
Office-MAO FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY
OFFICEOFMANNEDSPACEFLI GHT
M-932-68-08
NASA
MISSION
OBJECTIVES 8
FOR APOLLO PRIMARY OBJECTIVES Demonstrate during crew/space Saturn vehicle/mission V mission of nominal activities, with
facilities
performance
a manned
backup
Lunar
Orbit
including:
injection communications, assessment and and passive midcourse thermal corrections control
navigation, consumables
/
Date: 12 %Q,
i96K
Date:
/3
./
Lt.
General, Program
USAF Director
Apollo
A&iate Manned
for
12/9/68
Page
.~
._.
.I_.*
.,^_
^.-_
I_~
--
M-932
-68-08
GENERAL The Apollo Saturday, all mission objectives occurred 8 (AS-503) 2 1 December objectives that and were these will mission 1968, were was launched a.m. from EST. Only the Kennedy data as well minor sections. Space review as four Center indicates detailed on that test
at 7:51
Initial
successfully
accomplished, in succeeding
planned.
anomalies
and discrepancies
COUNTDOWN The holds planned opening terminal and countdown at T-9 launch no additional for Apollo hours window and holds 8 began 1 hour were at 07:51 MISSION The Apollo Kennedy down. inserted checkout 8 space Space Following vehicle a nominal was launched phase, at 21:51 hours EST on 20 December. 30 minutes occurred were initiated at the on time Built-in as
of 6 hours of the
at T-3 EST,
required.
Launch 21 December.
SUMMARY from Launch Complex 1968, and after S-IVB 39, Pad A, combination at the countwas
Center
at 07:51
a satisfactory
boost
miles (NM). After a post-insertion (TLI) maneuver was initiated the S-IVB engine and burning
(GET)
by reigniting
The spacecraft separated from the S-IV6 at 03:20:59 GET, and performed maneuvers using the Service Module Reaction Control System (SM RCS). midcourse The missions, conducted correction coast various and of 24.8 phase GET. systems feet per second (fps) was conducted sightings, at two translunar was devoted checks. to navigation A second
midcourse
correction
at 60:59:56
The 246.9-second duration was performed at 69:08:20 An SPS maneuver in a lunar orbit the 20 hours The lunar orbit lunar (TEI). GET, of 59.7
Service Propulsion System (SPS) I unar orbit insertion maneuver GET, and the initial lunar orbit was 168.5 by 59.9 NM. to circularize the orbit was conducted at 73:35:07 GET and resulted by 60.7 spent phase NM. A total orbit. maneuvers television 203.7 involved numerous landing-site/landmark preparation for Transearth was conducted at of 10 revolutions was completed during in lunar
11 minutes coast
between
3,3/69
Page
M-932-6&08
both
passive effected,
roll to maintain a
involved
earth
horizons, correction
The only
transearth
midcourse
and of -6.5
the
conditions in the
and
spacecraft
42 seconds, landing. Almost varied sumables exceptionally satisfactorily objectives. Summaries without within
USS YORKTOWN
systems essentially
All
behavior.
usage
photographic
of mission
events,
orbits,
and
maneuvers
are
presented
in Tables
I,
II,
and
Ill.
OF MISSION
PLANNED Launch Range Lift-off Max S-IC S-IC Q (Maximum center outboard engine engine Dynamic cutoff cutoff Pressure) Phase Zero (125 I:00 GMT) oo:oo:oo oo:oo:o 00:01:16 00:02:06 00:02:3 1 1
3/3/69
Page
M-932-68-08
separation
ignition jettison (2nd plane separation)
00:02:32 00:02:33 00:03:02 00:03:08 00:08:4 00:08:42 00:08:42 00: 11:24 parking orbit 00: 11:34 1
00:02:34 00:02:35 00:03:04 00:03:09 00:08:44 00:08:45 00:08:45 00: 11:25 00: 11:35
escape
tower
jettison
engine
cutoff separation
injection injection
02:50:37 02:55:56 03:20:59 03:40:01 04:45:01 05:07:56 05:12:56 11 :oo:oo 1 1:00:02 60:59:56 61:00:08 1 69:08:20 69:12:27 73:35:07 73:35: 16
Translunar
maneuver maneuver propellant propellant correction correction correction correction insertion insertion insertion insertion
1 2 dump dump 1 ignition 1 cutoff 2 ignition 2 cutoff 1 ignition 1 cutoff 2 ignition 2 cutoff
05:07:53 05:12:53 1 1 :oo:oo 11:00:02 61:08:51 6 1:09:03 69:08:5 69: 11:36 73:32:17 73:32:27
End S-IV9 Midcourse Midcourse Midcourse Midcourse Lunar Lunar Lunar Lunar orbit orbit orbit orbit
3/3/69
Page
M-932-68-08
interface blackout
(400,000
ft)
13
13
146:55:39 47:00:42
TABLE ORBIT
II
SUMMARY
EARTH PARAMETER Planned Apoapsis Periapsis Period inclination (NM) (NM) (Min) (Des) 103.3 99.4 88.19
INSERTION
32.5
32.5
12.29
12.29
12.29
12.29
3/3/69
Page
TABLE MANEUVER
III SUMMARY
TIME MANEUVER Translunar Injection Separation Separation Midcourse Correction Midcourse Correction Lunar Orbit Insertion 1 Lunar Orbit Insertion 2 ) Transearth Injection Midcourse Correction Notes: (a) (b) (c) Planned These Burn values values times are for the are changes. those planned pre-launch values are not except 3 1 2 1 2 SYSTEM HR:MIN:SEC PlannedtaJ S-IVB RCS RCS s PS/ RCS Not 02:50:37 03:40:00 Planned 11 :oo:oo 61:08:51 69:08:5 73:32: 89:16:10 104: 16: 10 1 17 Actual 02:50:37 03:40:0 04:45:0 11 :oo:oo 60:59:56 69:08:20 73:35:07 89:19:17 103:59:54 1 1
DURATION SEC Planned 316 (c) (4 2.4 12.0 240 9.5 198 14 (arActuaI 318 (4 (cl 2.4 11.8 246.9 9.6 203.7 13.7
VELOCITY Planneds 35, 548(b) 1.5 9.0 24 2.0 2,992 138.5 3,531 5.0
CHANGE FPS Actual 35,53Ztb) 1.1 7.7 24.8 1.4 2,997 134.8 3,519 4.8
RCS
SPS SPS SPS RCS
correction updates.
durations
and velocity
represent known
M-932-68-08
LAUNCH Ear1.y engineering test detail and mission performed performance. of the S-IC POGO suppression to have evaluation objectives near nominal. of the were SA-503
VEHICLE Saturn V Launch Vehicle All systems and is being carried indicates subsystems out that all appear
to determine
Performance that The cutoff Overall burn, be&me formance appears pressures. amplitudes Two from The S-II 443 parameters, more no POGO S-IC
system
was
nominal
and
indications
are
existed. engines were due cut off 2.4 than was 18 hertz 451 when out 9to seconds amplitude, and seconds predicted near nominal, evident elapsed drop later fuel than predicted by a fuel level
outboard
signal,
apparently system
to higher
density. but near time. in engine cutoff. in the the same the The end of S-II number number 5 5 peroscillations There also outboard engine of small time period. 30 stage
performance
of approximately at approximately at 480 they low some and been the damped pronounced
in engine
occurred, to have
shortly before engine 18-hertz oscillations 1 l-hertz lateral structural directions near
showed longitudinal
oscillations
seconds
GET. spark S-IV9 igniter restart (ASI) I ines the on both S-IV9 after dump, the fuel S-IV9 and S-II tank. second in the burn slingshot cutoff. After System trajectory and S-IV9 The engines OzH2
was demonstrated
satisfactorily.
separation,
Auxiliary
Propulsion
S-lVB/IU/LTA-B
3/3/69
Page
M-932-68-08
SPACECRAFT STRUCTURAL All over flight. analysis surface structural by about This of the AND and window degree. fogging outer MECHANICAL mechanical fogging. The The was fogging, heat-shield SYSTEMS systems performed satisfactorily, or #3) window 5) were 4) remained expected results with was similarly clear as a result of silicon from the exception of completely fogged affected, throughout of the oil on the but the Apollo inner of the 7
spacecraft to a lesser
6 hours.
The hatch (center, two side windows (1 and windows with was pane. what caused The (2 and was fogging
of window
by a deposit
the outgassing
RTV compound which seals been used on the compound craft. THERMAL Temperature elements transearth nominal orientation. FUEL Fuel CELLS cell CONTROL measurements performed coast range. All AND periods
indicate stabilized
satisfactorily.
that both passive and active thermal control Passive thermal control during the translunar spacecraft propellant temperatures within limits limits during within by varying lunar orbit the
and expected
Tank temperatures were maintained temperatures were within predicted BATTERIES was excellent in good and no anomalies with
spacecraft operations.
were
observed
throughout
the
were
post-landing as required.
functions
satisfactorily
mission.
The
batteries
be charged
to ful I capacity CRYOGENICS The was were motor tanks cryogenic slightly cycled switch
system predicted.
performed satisfactorily All heaters were 7. the ac bus voltage Quantity balancing
throughout the mission, and operated automatically and all problem between
usage fans
to preclude on Apollo
was satisfactory.
COMMUNICATIONS The overall performance of the spacecraft-to-network power, communication telemetry, and voice system was performance
3/3/69
Page
M-932-68-08
Communications was very sequentially between and were mission The data telemetry nautical sites dumps. Communications contact parachute interrupted operation was Instrumentation when was one good.
system switching
management, during the All both between antennas. with quality, All modes and the
antenna thermal
the
mission by
Communi.cations*
(omnidirectional) between and antennas equal and backup, antenna telemetry antennas
diametrically-opposite or more The was excel omni voice lent. of both received while receipt selected periodically,
omnis,
or switching
predictions.
throughout
high-gain
highthrough
reported
telemetry
data
during
entry
until 14652
descent. the
Although
voice
momentarily
in a stable
satisfactorily
A total of six television cast, the telephoto lens camera were motion of poor were the and quality. and the
transmissions were made during (100mm focal length) was used higher than expected light A procedure for use of the views (9mm filters
For the first teleearth. Because of earth, the pictures camera a in lunar
subsequent
telephoto suitable
lens with
satisfactory. extra-wide-angle
surface
length)
INSTRUMENTATION The data throughout The higher verified The fuel cell than storage the equipment mission, and instrumentation system performance and only three measurements failed. temperature system thus indicated indicating in the went a temperature of the fuel cell a failed environmental to full-scale was satisfactory
6 to 12 degrees and radiator was sensor. control reading. system Systems failed analysis
performance
by other
measurements,
radiator-outlet proper
at approximately verified
elapsed
3/3/69
M-932-68-08
of potable Normal
water tank
quantity pressurization
in the
ECS
failed
144 indicated
and water
to be questionable. CONTROL and control system Platform measurements comparisons was performed was excellent required navigation were made close in lunar were throughout during ascent, performed techniques during agreement orbit with with the mission. earth during were and ground orbit, all
of the guidance functions injection with good and exercised. coast, Onboard and were results.
alignments
translunar nominal
attitude
control
was
both
the
digital
and
stabilization and digital autopilot, Two guidance and involved abnormal times and during case, no optics
maneuvers and
performed
guidance
navigation
excellent.
system problems occurred during the mission. in the computer readout of the optics trunnion activity, was was the restored lost. read-out with shifted from optics reading capability SYSTEM/ module The CREW) acceptable midcourse curve SYSTEM for the reaction resulted limits. control second in lower Due corrections, remainder system CSM/S-IVB than planned the of the SM primarily parameters separation to the mission. need were a normal
of no optics
0 to 45 degrees. zeroing
In each
normal (see
mission.
unplanned
under still
seven on the
scheduled
PROPULSION
Four maneuvers were accomplished using the Service Propulsion System (SPS) and system operation was satisfactory in all cases. All maneuvers had no-ullage starts. The longest SPS burn was the 246.9-second lunar orbit insertion maneuver and the shortest was Early oxidizer the 2.4-second first which feed line. first midcourse correction. a momentary to the resulted from drop in chamber of a small pressure helium bleed was in the oxidizer
in the
experienced
presence
bubble of the
an inadequate
3/3/69
Page
10
M-932-68-08
system the
during
The
chamber
pressure
was satisfactory
throughout
remainder
three
subsequent
SPS maneuvers.
CONTROL environmental
satisfactorily rejected the spacecraft heat loads during the translunar coasts, maintaining water/glycol .temperatures below the evaporator The was times; dryout similar orbit lunar entry; properly the The suit cabin evaporators used however, occurred load and orbit. however, throughout heat-exchanger fans, which operated The of lunar the were therefore mode did turned during not off during orbit. th[s time. Evaporator on the at the recurred operated dryout coolant cabin near the 44OF. were cabin noisy loop, temperatures The in the automatic the dryout on Apollo lunar and was evaporator reserviced evaporator secondary normal dryout
and transearth turn-on level. evaporator occurred on Apollo of the first the again near several 8 under lunar fourth for the during 61F and Evaporator
primary mission.
impose loads
any restraints
was expected reserviced dryout and
7 at low until
to occur end
Th e evaporator was again flight. activated and outlet were not the
satisfactorily
during satisfactorily
remainder
Primary maintained
occurred which
operated
mission, the
when
elapsed
to circulate
atmosphere
PROVISIONS equipment operated satisfactorily during the mission. Excessive noise the on the on
crew
Lunar
Module
his harness.
was corrected when he swapped reported to be frayed but usable. CREW in accordance with
leads
FLIGHT The Apollo flight plan, 8 mission was accomplished with the following minor
essentially exceptions.
the
nominal
The S-IVB separation rate from the spacecraft and the crew spent a longer time in keeping additional Because revolution were was again returned Reaction of the were modified to the heavy sharply in preparation to allow flight nominal Control workload reduced System maneuver orbit,
was judged to be less than predicted, the S-IVB in sight and eventually used to increase the orbital crew rest. separation activities rest. after At about rescheduling which distance. after Normal the 100 hours the flight the meal eighth plan mission
an
activities
resumed
transearth with
injection, minor
for additional
of rest and
periods.
3/3/69
Page
11
M-932-68-08
the valuable
long
duty
hours,
crew of the
throughout
the were
and
observations
its environment
and landing were performed in darkness amount of water entering the command temporarily. The resulting module to assume a stable being uprighted by the until occurred MISSION of swimmers
to a attention
delay in releasing the II (apex down) flotation crew. daylight; A decision therefore, after 80 minutes had
main parachutes caused attitude for about 4.5 been made to transfer to the prime
the deployment
by helicopter
about SUPPORT
PERFORMANCE
FLIGHT Flight
NETWORK Network command, satisfactorily RECOVERY Recovery Ocean of the by the Apollo 8 spacecraft recovery listed ship, and the crew was successfully The table: completed major in the recovery Pacific events performance telemetry, with was excellent and the real-time no significant for this loss of data mission. at any All time. communications, supported the tracking, mission
computation
functions
prime
on 27 December EST, (27 HR:MIN: December) 10:41 10:43 10:49 lo:52 11~48 12:20 13:18
1968 are
in the
sighting
of spacecraft
by Rescue
Landing Flotation Astronauts CM onboard collar installed recovery ship and inflated ship
onboard recovery
Page
12
M-932-68-08
and VHF contacts the flashing light that the Command bags were until data helicopter inflated,
established with the recovery and voice contact with the flight Module was went with one directly before recovery into bag over a stable reported the II position
were
forces. Visual crew ceased at landing, before partially as early uprighting. inflated. EST, planned. as 11:08
spacecraft
deploying operation
target
coordinates
position
Estimated Splashdown
range
5200
yards 16501.2W
0807.5N,
* As determined
LAUNCH Quick-look satisfactorily Damage launches. Apollo assessment with to GSE 9 mission. only and pad indicates minor that anomalies was not the
facilities will
minimal
and and
Refurbishment
be extensive
3/3/69 Page 13
GPO
873
285
_--yvm-..-.w----
-_----__^__--_lI_
-,_-__l_l-.l.-l_l_l_ll__l
---U.--k