Blake Chapter 1

1. The theory of radio waves was originated by: a. Marconi b. Bell

c. d.

Maxwell Hertz

ANS:

2. The person who sent the first radio signal across the Atlantic ocean was: a. Marconi c. Maxwell b. Bell d. Hertz

ANS:

3. The transmission of radio waves was first done by: a. Marconi c. b. Bell d.

Maxwell Hertz

ANS: 4.

A complete communication system must include: a. a transmitter and receiver b. a transmitter, a receiver, and a channel c. a transmitter, a receiver, and a spectrum analyzer d. a multiplexer, a demultiplexer, and a channel

ANS: 5.

Radians per second is equal to: a. 2 f b. f 2

c. d.

the phase angle none of the above

ANS:

6. The bandwidth required for a modulated carrier depends on: a. the carrier frequency c. the signal-plus-noise to noise ratio b. the signal-to-noise ratio d. the baseband frequency range

ANS: 7.

When two or more signals share a common channel, it is called: a. sub-channeling c. SINAD b. signal switching d. multiplexing

ANS:

8. TDM stands for: a. Time-Division Multiplexing b. Two-level Digital Modulation

c. d.

Time Domain Measurement none of the above

ANS: 9.

FDM stands for: a. Fast Digital Modulation b. Frequency Domain Measurement

c. d.

Frequency-Division Multiplexing none of the above

ANS: 10.

The wavelength of a radio signal is: a. equal to f c b. equal to c c. the distance a wave travels in one period d. how far the signal can travel without distortion

ANS: 11.

Distortion is caused by: a. creation of harmonics of baseband frequencies b. baseband frequencies "mixing" with each other c. shift in phase relationships between baseband frequencies d. all of the above

ANS: 12.

The collection of sinusoidal frequencies present in a modulated carrier is called its: a. frequency-domain representation c. spectrum b. Fourier series d. all of the above

ANS: 13.

The baseband bandwidth for a voice-grade (telephone) signal is: a. approximately 3 kHz c. at least 5 kHz b. 20 Hz to 15,000 Hz d. none of the above

ANS: 14.

Noise in a communication system originates in: a. the sender b. the receiver

c. d.

the channel all of the above

ANS: 15.

"Man-made" noise can come from: a. equipment that sparks b. temperature

c. d.

static all of the above

ANS: 16.

Thermal noise is generated in: a. transistors and diodes b. resistors

c. d.

copper wire all of the above

ANS: 17.

Shot noise is generated in: a. transistors and diodes b. resistors

c. d.

copper wire none of the above

ANS: 18.

The power density of "flicker" noise is: a. the same at all frequencies b. greater at high frequencies

c. d.

greater at low frequencies the same as "white" noise

ANS: 19.

So called "1/f" noise is also called: a. random noise b. pink noise

c. d.

white noise partition noise

ANS: 20.

"Pink" noise has: a. equal power per Hertz b. equal power per octave

c. d.

constant power none of the above

ANS: 21.

When two noise voltages, V1 and V2, are combined, the total voltage VT is: a. VT = sqrt(V1 V1 + V2 V2) c. VT = sqrt(V1 V2) b. VT = (V1 + V2)/2 d. VT = V1 + V2

ANS:

22.

Signal-to-Noise ratio is calculated as: a. signal voltage divided by noise voltage b. signal power divided by noise power c. first add the signal power to the noise power, then divide by noise power d. none of the above

ANS: 23.

SINAD is calculated as: a. signal voltage divided by noise voltage b. signal power divided by noise power c. first add the signal power to the noise power, then divide by noise power d. none of the above

ANS: 24.

Noise Figure is a measure of: a. how much noise is in a communications system b. how much noise is in the channel c. how much noise an amplifier adds to a signal d. signal-to-noise ratio in dB

ANS: 25.

The part, or parts, of a sinusoidal carrier that can be modulated are: a. its amplitude c. its amplitude, frequency, and direction b. its amplitude and frequency d. its amplitude, frequency, and phase angle

ANS:

Blake Chapter 2

1. The time it takes a charge carrier to cross from the emitter to the collector is called: a. base time c. charge time b. transit time d. Miller time

ANS: B 2. A real capacitor actually contains: a. capacitance and resistance only b. capacitance and inductance only

c. capacitance, inductance, and resistance d. reactance only

ANS: C

3. Bypass capacitors are used to: a. remove RF from non-RF circuits b. couple RF around an amplifier

c. neutralize amplifiers d. reduce the Miller effect

ANS: A 4. A resonant circuit is: a. a simple form of bandpass filter b. used in narrowband RF amplifiers

c. both a and b d. none of the above

ANS: C 5. Loading down a tuned-circuit amplifier will: a. raise the Q of the tuned circuit c. "multiply" the Q b. lower the Q of the tuned circuit d. have no effect on Q

ANS: B 6. The "Miller Effect" can: a. cause an amplifier to oscillate b. cause an amplifier to lose gain

c. reduce the bandwidth of an amplifier d. all of the above

ANS: D 7. The Miller Effect can be avoided by: a. using a common-emitter amplifier b. using a common-base amplifier

c. increasing the Q of the tuned circuit d. it cannot be avoided

ANS: B 8. In a BJT, the Miller Effect is due to: a. inductance of collector lead b. collector-to-emitter capacitance

c. base-to-emitter capacitance d. base-to-collector capacitance

ANS: D 9. In RF amplifiers, impedance matching is usually done with: a. RC coupling c. direct coupling b. transformer coupling d. lumped reactance

ANS: B

10. Neutralization cancels unwanted feedback by: a. adding feedback out of phase with the unwanted feedback b. bypassing the feedback to the "neutral" or ground plane c. decoupling it d. none of the above

ANS: A 11. For a "frequency multiplier" to work, it requires: a. a nonlinear circuit b. a linear amplifier c. a signal containing harmonics d. an input signal that is an integer multiple of the desired frequency

ANS: A 12. A sinusoidal oscillation from an amplifier requires: a. loop gain equal to unity b. phase shift around loop equal to 0 degrees c. both a and b, but at just one frequency d. none of the above

ANS: C 13. The conditions for sinusoidal oscillation from an amplifier are called: a. the loop-gain criteria c. the Bode criteria b. the Hartley criteria d. the Barkhausen criteria

ANS: D 14. The Hartley oscillator uses: a. a tapped inductor b. a two-capacitor divider

c. an RC time constant d. a piezoelectric crystal

ANS: A 15. The Colpitts VFO uses: a. a tapped inductor b. a two-capacitor divider

c. an RC time constant d. a piezoelectric crystal

ANS: B

16. The Clapp oscillator is: a. a modified Hartley oscillator b. a modified Colpitts oscillator

c. a type of crystal-controlled oscillator d. only built with FETs

ANS: B 17. A varactor is: a. a voltage-controlled capacitor b. a diode

c. used in tuner circuits d. all of the above

ANS: D 18. Crystal-Controlled oscillators are: a. used for a precise frequency b. used for very low frequency drift (parts per million) c. made by grinding quartz to exact dimensions d. all of the above

ANS: D 19. If two signals, Va = sin(at) and Vb = sin(bt), are fed to a mixer, the output: a. will contain 1 = a + b and 2 = a b b. will contain 1 = a / b and 2 = b / a c. will contain = (a + b ) / 2 d. none of the above

ANS: A 20. In a balanced mixer, the output: a. contains equal (balanced) amounts of all input frequencies b. contains the input frequencies c. does not contain the input frequencies d. is a linear mixture of the input signals

ANS: C 21. "VFO" stands for: a. Voltage-Fed Oscillator b. Variable-Frequency Oscillator

c. Varactor-Frequency Oscillator d. Voltage-Feedback Oscillator

ANS: B

22. A "frequency synthesizer" is: a. a VCO phase-locked to a reference frequency b. a VFO with selectable crystals to change frequency c. a fixed-frequency RF generator d. same as a mixer ANS: A Blake Chapter 3

1. The time it takes a charge carrier to cross from the emitter to the collector is called: a. base time c. charge time b. transit time d. Miller time

ANS: B 2. A real capacitor actually contains: a. capacitance and resistance only b. capacitance and inductance only

c. capacitance, inductance, and resistance d. reactance only

ANS: C 3. Bypass capacitors are used to: a. remove RF from non-RF circuits b. couple RF around an amplifier

c. neutralize amplifiers d. reduce the Miller effect

ANS: A 4. A resonant circuit is: a. a simple form of bandpass filter b. used in narrowband RF amplifiers

c. both a and b d. none of the above

ANS: C 5. Loading down a tuned-circuit amplifier will: a. raise the Q of the tuned circuit c. "multiply" the Q b. lower the Q of the tuned circuit d. have no effect on Q

ANS: B 6. The "Miller Effect" can:

a. cause an amplifier to oscillate b. cause an amplifier to lose gain

c. reduce the bandwidth of an amplifier d. all of the above

ANS: D 7. The Miller Effect can be avoided by: a. using a common-emitter amplifier b. using a common-base amplifier

c. increasing the Q of the tuned circuit d. it cannot be avoided

ANS: B 8. In a BJT, the Miller Effect is due to: a. inductance of collector lead b. collector-to-emitter capacitance

c. base-to-emitter capacitance d. base-to-collector capacitance

ANS: D 9. In RF amplifiers, impedance matching is usually done with: a. RC coupling c. direct coupling b. transformer coupling d. lumped reactance

ANS: B 10. Neutralization cancels unwanted feedback by: a. adding feedback out of phase with the unwanted feedback b. bypassing the feedback to the "neutral" or ground plane c. decoupling it d. none of the above

ANS: A 11. For a "frequency multiplier" to work, it requires: a. a nonlinear circuit b. a linear amplifier c. a signal containing harmonics d. an input signal that is an integer multiple of the desired frequency

ANS: A 12. A sinusoidal oscillation from an amplifier requires: a. loop gain equal to unity b. phase shift around loop equal to 0 degrees

c. both a and b, but at just one frequency d. none of the above

ANS: C 13. The conditions for sinusoidal oscillation from an amplifier are called: a. the loop-gain criteria c. the Bode criteria b. the Hartley criteria d. the Barkhausen criteria

ANS: D 14. The Hartley oscillator uses: a. a tapped inductor b. a two-capacitor divider

c. an RC time constant d. a piezoelectric crystal

ANS: A 15. The Colpitts VFO uses: a. a tapped inductor b. a two-capacitor divider

c. an RC time constant d. a piezoelectric crystal

ANS: B 16. The Clapp oscillator is: a. a modified Hartley oscillator b. a modified Colpitts oscillator

c. a type of crystal-controlled oscillator d. only built with FETs

ANS: B 17. A varactor is: a. a voltage-controlled capacitor b. a diode

c. used in tuner circuits d. all of the above

ANS: D 18. Crystal-Controlled oscillators are: a. used for a precise frequency b. used for very low frequency drift (parts per million) c. made by grinding quartz to exact dimensions d. all of the above

ANS: D 19. If two signals, Va = sin(at) and Vb = sin(bt), are fed to a mixer, the output: a. will contain 1 = a + b and 2 = a b b. will contain 1 = a / b and 2 = b / a c. will contain = (a + b ) / 2 d. none of the above

ANS: A 20. In a balanced mixer, the output: a. contains equal (balanced) amounts of all input frequencies b. contains the input frequencies c. does not contain the input frequencies d. is a linear mixture of the input signals

ANS: C 21. "VFO" stands for: a. Voltage-Fed Oscillator b. Variable-Frequency Oscillator

c. Varactor-Frequency Oscillator d. Voltage-Feedback Oscillator

ANS: B 22. A "frequency synthesizer" is: a. a VCO phase-locked to a reference frequency b. a VFO with selectable crystals to change frequency c. a fixed-frequency RF generator d. same as a mixer

ANS:

ABlake Chapter 4

1. The FM modulation index: a. increases with both deviation and modulation frequency b. increases with deviation and decreases with modulation frequency c. decreases with deviation and increases with modulation frequency d. is equal to twice the deviation

ANS: B

2. One way to derive FM from PM is: a. integrate the modulating signal before applying to the PM oscillator b. integrate the signal out of the PM oscillator c. differentiate the modulating signal before applying to the PM oscillator d. differentiate the signal out of the PM oscillator

ANS: A 3. The bandwidth of an FM signal is considered to be limited because: a. there can only be a finite number of sidebands b. it is equal to the frequency deviation c. it is band-limited at the receiver d. the power in the outer sidebands is negligible

ANS: D 4. Mathematically, the calculation of FM bandwidth requires the use of: a. ordinary trigonometry and algebra c. Taylor series b. Bessel functions d. fractals

ANS: B 5. FM bandwidth can be approximated by: a. Armstrong's Rule b. Bessel's Rule

c. Carson's Rule d. none of the above

ANS: C 6. NBFM stands for: a. National Broadcast FM b. Non-Broadcast FM

c. Near Band FM d. Narrowband FM

ANS: D 7. When FM reception deteriorates abruptly due to noise, it is called: a. the capture effect c. the noise effect b. the threshold effect d. the limit effect

ANS: B 8. An FM receiver switching suddenly between two stations on nearby frequencies is called: a. the capture effect c. the "two-station" effect

b. the threshold effect

d. none of the above

ANS: A 9. Pre-emphasis is used to: a. increase the signal to noise ratio for higher audio frequencies b. increase the signal to noise ratio for lower audio frequencies c. increase the signal to noise ratio for all audio frequencies d. allow stereo audio to be carried by FM stations

ANS: A 10. A pre-emphasis of 75 s refers to: a. the time it takes for the circuit to work b. the "dead time" before de-emphasis occurs c. the time delay between the L and R channels d. the time-constant of the filter circuits used

ANS: D 11. FM stereo: a. uses DSBSC AM modulation b. is implemented using an SCA signal

c. has a higher S/N than mono FM d. is not compatible with mono FM

ANS: A 12. An SCA signal: a. can use amplitude modulation b. can use FM modulation

c. is monaural d. all of the above

ANS: D 13. The modulation index of an FM signal can be determined readily: a. using measurements at points where J0 equals one b. using measurements at points where J0 equals zero c. using measurements at points where the deviation equals zero d. only by using Bessel functions

ANS: B ANS: A