Architecture nowadays is a fulfillment of what people need.

Architecture keeps changing with the time and the new technology. Some of modern architectures even forget and ignore the past. It was wrong because they should learn from the past and aware of the past. Today architecture also should look back to the past, bringing it back and going together. Modern architecture must embrace the past. Deconstructivism is considered as new modern architecture that today widely applied on many buildings. Modern buildings nowadays look very differently from the past. The shapes are extremely incredible. It captures people attraction and gaze. The building can be an organic shape or geometric shape that result is very different from the past. Deconstructivism also called deconstruction which is a development of postmodern architecture that began in the late 1980s. Deconstructivism architecture gives freedom to architects. It is a new rule, form follows fantasy where architects can freely design by theirs own. It has no boundaries and no limitation of designing buildings. The buildings can be recognized by their irregular, awkward, odd or stranger appearance. It also can be characterized by its ideas of fragmentation, abstract, non-geometrical forms, angular forms, non-linear processes of design, non-rectilinear shapes appearance which serve to distort and dislocate some of the elements of architecture such as structure and envelope. Some people contra of this deconstructivism architecture: Pure form has indeed been contaminated, transforming architecture into an agent of instability, disharmony and conflict. As Mark Wigley, the Associate Curator explained, architecture is a conservative displine producing pure form, while in Deconstructivism this dream of pure form is disturbed and becomes a nightmare. In practice the architecture that results from this nightmares consists of a bewildering collecting of haphazardly-placed planes and twisted lines which all combine to create an impression that structure is about to collapse (Peel, Powell, and Garret 1992, 106). In the other hand, actually this deconstructivism architecture is attempted to move architecture away from what its experts see as the constricting rules of modernism such as form follows function, purity if form, truth of materials, and expression of structure. It is covering the aims of some architects, mainly American architects whom want to feel free from all formal preconceptions about building while sometimes using sophisticated engineering techniques to achieve their aims. Public are expecting something new and that is what deconstructivism architecture can give to people. Deconstructivism buildings are incredibly different and challenging. It created a monumental building that people will hard to forget because it looks amazing and feels impossible to do that without losing their utility and still complying with the fundamental laws of physics. It is like mission impossible to accomplish the buildings. Unfortunately, some drawings are still in drawing-boards which can never to be transformed to a building site. Some architects that known as deconstrutivist architect are Bernard Tschumi, Frank Gehry and Peter Eisenman

whom based in United States, Daniel Libeskind based in Italy, Rem Koolhaas based in Holland, Zaha Hadid in Britain and the Austrian Coop Himmelblau practice. Zaha Hadid is one of the successful deconstructivist architecture. She is becoming famous and known worldwide since she was the first woman who won the Pritzker Prize for architecture in 2004. She has pushed the boundaries of architecture by creating buildings with multiple perspective points and fragmented geometry to evoke the chaos of modern life. Some of her works are Lois & Richard Rosenthal Centre for Contemporary Art or more known as Contemporary Arts Center (CAC) in Cincinnati, Ohio which built in 1997-2003. In response to the metropolitan setting of the building, Hadid developed the concept of the urban carpet, to draw in pedestrian traffic inherent to a downtown area. The urban carpet is articulated by a seamless run of concrete that begins outside the building, continues into the mezzanine level and eventually curves upward at the far end of the building behind the stairs. Though in theory this concept seems admirable its not very visible (Bellon 2004). The buildings unique design blurs the difference of interior and the pedestrian aim to make the building more accessible to the public. Other buildings are Vitra Fire Station in Weil am Rhein, Germany; Bergisel Ski Jump in Innsbruck, Austria; BMW Central Building in Leipzig, Germany; Guangzhou Opera House in Guangzhou, China and many more. One example of her works that using the organic shape is The Guangzhou Opera House which looks like two rocks together, which different sizes, one bigger than another, situated on the Pearl River. The bigger one is contained of the main auditorium, lobby, back of house areas such as three rehearsal studios and administrative offices. The smaller one is used as multipurpose building designed for black box theatre with good flexibility for commercial projects. It is using a lot of glass and complex geometry. Through displace and distort the complex geometry, it came up looks like rock shape. It is such an amazing building and matching to the location that facing to the Pearl River. Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao, Spain designed by Frank Gehry is one of the 20th century worlds iconic and famous building that was greatly amazing and considered as deconstructivism architecture. It was using many curves shapes of exterior appearance and randomness of it which designed to catch the light. It used a lot of titanium panels on its surfaces that give the building a futurist image. It is a master piece from Gehry and it looks extravagant. It is impressed the people who staring at it and it also an unforgettable building. Walt Disney Concert Hall at a glance looks like the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao due to its the same materials used on its surfaces that is steel. It is designed to look and feel like a ships hull. It used many complex geometry forms with sharp tips pointing to the sky. It is also such a spectacular building ever made. Frank Gehry works are radical, playful, organic and sensual. Deconstructivism architecture is contradiction with the traditional architecture but actually every architecture has their own good which that is why they should go

together because the new generation or modern architecture should learn from the past and create a better architecture solution for both and for the people that is pro and contra with the modern architecture. Deconstructivism architecture gives an amazing, spectacular, iconic appearance to a building but without the comfort of the building that the traditional architecture gave. Buildings that can describe perfectly the traditional and modern architecture can be seen on Extension to the Royal Ontario Museum: Crystal in Toronto, Canada designed by Daniel Libeskind and Michael LeeChin Crystal. It is extension from the old building appearance, the renaissance to the deconstructivism. It creates a dramatic new architecture and captures public attraction greatly. They are really two differents architecture that stand together. It shows the relationship between history and the new, between tradition and innovation, between traditional architecture and modern architecture. Even though many people are pros and contra between traditional architecture and modern architecture, but through this they should realize abstractly that actually both modern architecture and traditional architecture can co-exist. Even though we are in the modern era, people will still look back to past memory. The past is important and it is inherit from the old generation. It comes the same way with the architecture. Modern architecture cannot forget the traditional architecture because it is a history and a memory. It is fascinating to reconstruct the past, especially when this can be done in bricks and mortar. In Britain, the maverick architect Clough Williams Ellis did just this with Portmeirion (1933-1972), his pastiche of a Mediterranean port, modeled on Portofino in Italy and built in the unlikely setting of the North Wales coast. More recently in United States, a group of architects including Neuerburg, Langdon and Wilson, built the John Paul Getty Museum in Malibu, California (1970-1975), a reconstruction of a Roman villa uncovered at Herculaneum (Peel, Powell, and Garret 1992, 104). People will never forget the history. Post-modern is an era between traditional and modernism whose first examples are generally known from the 1950s which runs through the present. It can be used as an example of architecture that can achieve designs which are contemporary but in at the same time embrace the comfort and feel of tradition. Post-modern used many classical elements such as columns, pediments and arches. It used an old style of architecture and up dated them into their language. The post-modern architecture was used simple geometry shapes and materials such as the concrete, steel and glass design of modern structures. Disillusioned with the modernist dogma that the present is always the best, architecture and the public they serve rediscovered the value and beauty of the past. They started restoring old buildings. Whereas modern architecture is abstract, postmodern architecture is referential. Modern buildings look typically

drab in their concrete and steel. Postmodern high-rises often flaunt bright colors and rich decorative detail. The ornamentation is flagrantly non-functional and often draws from past styles. A contemporary building may include Art Deco touches from the 1920s or updated classical columns or simplified Victorian bric-a-brac (Veith n.d.). So architecture which at the same time can achieve both traditional comfort and modern design is postmodern architecture. Today architecture should would never forget history and work together with the past to create a better architecture for the present and the future and designing for the good of human.

Faculty of Architecture and Building Environment (FABE)

Communication Principles 111
Title : Assignment 2 Analytical Essay

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: Steffi Laorens

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Reference List
Peel, Lucy, Polly Powell, Alexander Garrett. 1992. An Introduction to 20th-Century Architecture . Leicester : Magna books. Veith, Gene Edward. (n.d.) Postmodern Architecture Gene Edward Veith. Artway. Accessed September 26,2012, http://www.artway.eu/content.asp?id=501&lang=en&action=show "Zaha Hadid : The Diva of deconstructive architecture. 2006. NBM Media. Accessed September 26, 2012, http://www.nbmcw.com/articles/architects-a-project-watch/1416-zaha-hadid-thediva-of-deconstructive-architecture.html Steph. (n.d.) Deconstructivism: 7 Architectural Wonders of the Postmodern World. Web urbanist. Accessed September 26, 2012, http://weburbanist.com/2011/06/13/deconstructivism7-architectural-wonders-of-the-world/ Frank Gehry Architect: Guggenheim Museum Bilbao. 2002. Arcspace. Accessed September 26, 2012, http://www.arcspace.com/architects/gehry/Guggenheim_Museum/index.html