Chapter One:

Basic Concepts
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Chapter One: Basic Concepts

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Chapter One: Basic Concepts

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1.5 A lightning bolt carrying 20,000 A lasts for 70 fLs.
If the lightning strikes a tractor, determine the charge
deposited on the tractor if the tires are assumed to be
perfect insulators.
1.5 I ~ 2<>,000 A.
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Chapter One: Basic Concepts

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SOLUTION:

1.8 Five coulombs of charge pass through the element
in Fig. P1.8 from point A to point B. If the energy
absorbed by the element is 120 J, determine the
voltage across the element.
n
,....
B

+
VI
-
,....
U

A
Figure P1.B
1. 8 Q .. 5"C
FOr OSlO" co"v"". -!J 6>\:
w::
W - VI Q V, = - W/IQ
A I I V, : -24\/ \
Chapter One: Basic Concepts

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SOLUTION:


1.9 The charge entering an element is shown in Fig. P1.9.
Find the current in the element in the time interval
o <: t <: 0.5 s. [Hint: The equation for q( t) is
q(t) = 1 + (1 /0.5)t, t > 0.]
q (C)
2
1
o 0.5
t (s)
Figure P1.9
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SOLUTION:
1 .1 0 Determine the amount of power absorbed or supplied
by the element in Fig. P1.10 if
(a) Vt 9 V and I 2 A.
(b) Vt 9 V and I = -3 A.
(c) Vt
(d) Vt
1.10 a}
-12 V and I
-12 V and I
Figure P1.10
2 A.
-3A.
For ptj'S'Si'l{L Sljfl c..onYe,,-her...) P=\(J
/5 P Jho-&.J....
P '" :I.,.. '1 (2-) = Ie W
b') VI "" q v ) r. "" - 3 A
c..) VI:: - 12.. V) '\ = 2 A.
p= - 24-W
d') Vi = - I 2 ") :r ::: - 3 A
p.:::. +'3{,W
:c
Su pp\ lee!. \
;
Chapter One: Basic Concepts

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SOLUTION:
1.11 D e termi ne t h e m a g nit ude and dil-ecti on 01' t h e vOl tage
a CI'OSs the e l elTlCn t s i n F i g_ P I . I I .
(a)
(c)
Figure Pl_ 11
p-= zow

b)


V,
+

C}
dl
V,
+
.:r = 4-A
(b)
(d)
p = V:c
IV,><vl
P -= VI V-=-
V,. 5vl
v - SV I
V= = 0:= 5V
'\-
5V
as b).
v, - sv I
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Chapter One: Basic Concepts

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SOLUTION:

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Chapter One: Basic Concepts

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SOLUTION:

1.15 Two elements are connected in series, as shown in Fig.
1.1 5
P1.IS. Element 1 supplies 24 W of power. Is element 2
absorbing or supplying power, and how much? C 5
+
3V
6V
+
Figure P1.15
+
3V
PI 24-"1
W;"if Sit' leMe,....f- I
t' ,,- Vl. 0=) I: P/v" sA
1 1
IN
+ ( "io+e I is de/ind /w- 2c:...i)'.u.. SI r
flY ..... f' I !)
r" L) V II. a.re dt!-h'n.ed ;tI.).. p.:lS'Sive SIt)",
1':: V I "' ( 8) : fa W
2. 2.
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SOLUTION:

1.16 Determine the power supplied to the elements in
Fig. P1.16.
/. lit>
2A
r-'--,+
1 6 V
r-'--,+
2 4V
2A
Figure P1.16
+ t
Vz. 4V
___ ,2(:>,
Fav de", e .. -I: (, r are.. -
in p2'>S 4nv"..li61o.. .
$0, powe..- Svpp I; eo.. !to I S,
+VII ("2..)(,),. I2.IN
\P
1
IZvJ)
.. ,,+2. h .. s V
L
1. cI<.f;-.ed i .... -I-iu.
"'''r--
P;L" Vz.I (2) ('1-) :. 'avJ
Chapter One: Basic Concepts

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SOLUTION:

1.17 Determine the power supplied to the elements in
Fig. P1.17.
1 17
,r
\
LJ 2A
t
2
1
I
2
I
A
+
6V
4V
+
Figure P1.17
J=zA
t
+
",

VI
4\1
+-
+
Fc:ry .. t<",,!.,,1;- \ ' \I, (1- "'-re j ....
-\-\... pc..sSi<o.{
Co v""'*'<l"- . so, p0...,.u-
+.!' el'r"'.(",T \ i\
"P, I,(>...)=IZW
I ?, = 12W I
d("""J-2.' v"l..f r a. rt. i"
+\u. S {'t >
po..." f' s .... rr' ; .\.., i.s
P2. "" - \lz.I: - +(z.) - 2,w
\ \? .. = -8W \
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SOLUTION:


1 . 1 B Determine the povver supplied to the elements in
Fig. P1.18.
(a)
Figure P1.1 B
+
v.
+
1/"2,.
2A
6V
+
+
4A
+
18V
12 V 12 V
+
l2V
+-
(b)
I", b",+t,. l A'" J..
Lu ,"'- l' AS<;'.J...-fl-
S 11f rv---
Fo.- l > 5." \" ,\' \ : -eJ... r 5
Pj-=\),r =- (-(.,.)(2.)-='\2W
PI = l2W I
1>2- = \J '2. I ( 2-)' =- .z4-w
1. P-z -= Z 4W } a
Ih. b .. !-l - "'\nIl 4-J'td..
c-u r ,.. t:)i.. re d..4;" NLJ- I M..
cc..hu:..o- s ..
-:n:.-. d-e: \ -. \J. g V
PI -;:: - V
t
I - (\. e.)(Lf\ -72\AJ
I PI =- - 72vvl
z : V 2- -:= - l 2. \J
f"2.- -= - Vz..I - (-t2.) (4) +4-8w
LP -:%.- = 4-9 "rI\J l d l.:. $"" rk.-c:....A...
Chapter One: Basic Concepts

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SOLUTION:


1.19 (a) In Fig. P1.19(a), Pi = 36 W. Is element 2 absorbing
or supplying power, and how much?
(b) In Fig. P1.19(b), P
2
= - 48 W. Is element 1
absorbing or supplying power, and how much?
(a)
Figure P1.19
/. /1 a)
-T-
12V
+
12 V
+
6V
(b)
6V
+
+
24V
B'1 d.e.(:a.u:t) \A.s i l'a'S';. 'v<- <:-o"'v.e1 ...
S , ,, C-L "t\ IS; "poS,t'>f,l.e, :t: ..... !. a.'5 cn....
Ci rt.u..:.4- A, "'1""''"'''-.
h,r el< ...... 2.) V2. t r dr"L d< i. '" p.il-ss
'5 r 'f"" v IfV'o.
hrr. I. v. -t r i.... pass iVoL-
ji"" Po .... ..e.-,-- e bSOYh.4!.d.. .:.r
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SOLUTION:

1.20 Two elements are connected in series, as shown in
Fig. PI.20. Element 1 supplies 24 W of power. Is element
2 absorbing or supplying power, and how much?
r------;:::J....., +
1 6 V
BV

Figure P1.20
k 2.) Vz. fI tl-.3
rass i..L Sit pOIuL(" .zhro"fc,d,,&
1>].. ::. \'/2 I ::: 8 (11-'):;. 32 vJ P2- 0;; 32 W

Chapter One: Basic Concepts

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SOLUTION:


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SOLUTION:

Chapter One: Basic Concepts

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Continued on next page.



SOLUTION:
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Z
b)
'"
+
-
'-v -
,
J: =IA

t
-
8v
\
Sour eLl.
Fov-soura.-I J 1/ {I rlo;, a,:1ilJ,.(. S'"r-
o!..o ...
fz"""v '" 2+ (,) = 2.'1- W 2-4"'" :l'Llfplld}
c.\.\c'L: -t6Y bD-lM\,.:t..J -=- ?e.bS" ..
z + .,. 8 t- \ (,.0 ,. '2 . ..\-- V

t;v +'P/
Chapter One: Basic Concepts



27





Continued on next page.
SOLUTION:
1.24 Find the povver that is absorbed or supplied by the net-
vvork elements in Fig. Pl.24. p s V
Figure P1.24
2I)t
1:'')(=2A
BV
(a)
20V
+
2A
12 V
2A
(b)
VoHAjS c.ucr-ev-lr t!. l
a: hd +he. ae.:p n.d-evd:. 5'ou(a J;W""'"
c..e.t\-\.-t' J. j.... P lVA.. <f. lor-- Con ..
P
l
=- I bvJ

V z. Ix =' 4{z..) = s w
I P L = 8 IN' '" s. d I
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+
v
-'
'" VI :r;. :: 2-0 (z) '" 40w
-: VZJ;." 12 (2)-::. 24'N
+

, , ()'
" _ 1,1", 4:J, ''f , ,
P. 0 '-4 (1,1 = 4,W
2"
\I..W SUf'P\;t!!J.
":>Iv = 48 W ',,?p I ., ,,\
Chapter One: Basic Concepts



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SOLUTION:
1.25 Is the source Vs in the network in Fig. Pl.2S absorbing
or supplying power, and how much?
/. ZS
9A
10V 9A
3A
Figure P1.25
6A
16 V
+
V tI.frr 1)2) 5
'l'"
'\ = \J \ I 1 = [0 ::: 3ov.; c::...bor-\,eJ.
Pl." :: (3) "" IQvJ
p 3 '" = 8 ( Go ) == 4-8 'v..:I \,,,,,\
Lv rre ..... + det1l1.eJ. i", a c-t-(V(.. S((r' Clhve'A-\i1l\'\.
t:t Ll6) =- \44 vJ supp lid.
po we...r blLld\'\CL = pow C'T 2-bsocbed..
A-:,-:. UM.e- VS 'ow .......
R .. " - t BW
:s i .... C.t. <. 0 J Vs a.\:'sort,s f'O"'-"'-C 1 (vs -= 48w ,,-bsorb.dl
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SOLUTION:

1.26 Find Vx in the network in Fig. P1.26.
1 A
+
12V
9V
Figure P1.26
24V
+ V -
x
Iz-V
12V
2 4 - V "- ,,, d 12 - V SO" rct!.. .
241: r 121: :::: "1.r. + 12 T +V}(1: + ''' X
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SOLUTION:
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SOLUTION:
Chapter One: Basic Concepts

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SOLUTION:
1.29 Find I o in the network in Fig. Pl.29. c S
8V
6A +
4A
+
24V
10 V
I = 2A
x
6V
+
+
16 V
Io
+
4Ix
6V
3A
8V
+ 1 A
3A
Figure P1.29
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7A
r,"'l.
".
+
+
"Ix =- Z A
24
V
'L
<av
.t;,
_ ,"v ...
r

-,
V+
of
"" - V,
...
+

".z;.
+
."
" ..
r '"'"
_B"+
"
3A
+
- Vo
P
z
+
v
= 24 I, = 144 W S'""'?P
PS .. ,.p-pli..-:<t Po-los
P 5'r c- '
E/,,...,,,,,""* s-.
.. V,x. :=. +9 W .!Ib:<> .. rb..J
Pz. =- '1LT2. -= 4ew
i"1 ,. Y$I;.;, = I,. ..:l.b:<>_ .... b.d
?4 =- 'l"
4
.I")<"", 32 \OJ
P-s-: """ bW .. 'tr-s",rkA
P,-"" V .. It.,. .: 24vJ
F.:x" = '1I..r I'c. -= z4W $uPp
+ P4-X
x
::: Pi .... ? -I P'3 + -p 4- + P'S" -+ p(..
I {.. B -= 4-8 -+ 40 + b Ie. +- 3 Z. +- l.. +- 24-
Chapter One: Basic Concepts

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Chapter One: Basic Concepts



35






SOLUTION:
1.30 Find Ix in the circuit in Fig. Pl.30.
4V
24V
Figure P1.30
I . 30
I, -ZA!-
Z4V@
BV
+
12 V 2A
+,)1\1-
P,= \I , I., SIU t>-bs"rbd
IZV
12V
+
Ix
+
6V
P, V3 XX =, %-"I,x "'-b50r't=d
P2-tv "-Z4.I, = 48 IJ.' Sup?\,"'!
P 4- = V</-Ix = t.. T >< ",,1,5 b
p = 24-W .. .0
2 1\
Ys u?p\i .... d =- ? ..... 650r'c ... ..\
p. ... v + P2.<l-
v
-t- ?ZA. :O 'P,+p ",-t?") +P4
12-:r;. t- 48 -I- 2..<{- = '& + It- T 1sT" +f., I)<
4 8 = I Z. rl"
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SOLUTION:
1.31 Find Vx in the network in Fig. P1.31.
8V
+
2A
24V
1 A
Figure P1.31
f'
z+v
PSu-;>p ... .t = -:p
4V
+ r----,
2A
I x = 4A
r--...... .,+
2V
3A
:L ... ""'-L ..... '-> z) 3, +) \/x
P, = ", I , 1",\AI A.\:>sor'"b ..... cI
17 ... = \I z::J;.- = 10'\N O-bS <> r-'\t:...d
Y" = 8vJ
P4-= "<j-T4: 2.W
P",.. = "'xI3 = 3V')<
f's= "sI"s- = .aw -5 u("i"\.",-ed
P
z
+ "Ps- +- Pz.:sc =- + Y2- + P3 + P4 -t Pv )<"
fDV
Chapter One: Basic Concepts

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SOLUTION: