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Design of a Low Noise Amplifer of R Communication Receiver for Mine

Yu-nu 5u, On
College of Computer Science and Technology, Henan Polytechnic University, JiaoZuo, 454000, China
E-mail: suyuna@hpu.edu.cn
Abstract-The design ways and steps of a Low Noise Amplifer
used in H communication receiver for personnel orientation
system in mine is been introduced in this paper. The key points
are analysis device's stability with Stability coefcient of
determination of the ADS software and the input and output
impedance matching with Smith Chart and Tuning. Finally,
the performance parameters of LNA were obtained with the
simulation of S parameters. The fnal simulation results show
that the Use of ADS for low noise amplifer design is useful and
has a good reference value for practical amplifer design.
Kcywords- /ow noisc omp/jcr (lAA), ADS softworc, noisc
)gurc,optimirotiondcsign
. INTRODUCTION
In the process of coal mine production safety especially
afer the accident, accurate judgment of the miners' location
has important signifcance to the personal safety of the
miners. In this paper, we design a radio-fequency amplifer
for use personnel location system under mines. The
amplifer lies in the font end of the receiver system to
amplif weak radio-frequency signal that received by its
antennas. In order to suppress noise interference and
improve the sensitivity of the system, we design a low noise
amplifer (LNA).
The ADS sofware is a microwave circuit and
communication system simulation sofware developed by
Agilent. It has very powerfl ability in R circuit design and
simulation analysis. Through the S parameter simulation, we
can get information on the gain, stability fgure and noise
fgure of the circuits easily.
II. DESIGN PROCESS
The main technical indexes of the LNA: working
fequency fom 2.40Hz to 2.50Hz, noise fgure(NF) less
than 0.8dB, gain more than 15dB.
Component choice is vital to design the LNA. According
to the designing demand, we choose low noise PHMT
ATF54143 manufactured by Avago.
H. Design of bias circuit
According to the datasheet of ATF54143, we know that
the noise fgure( FJ is close to the minimum noise fgure of
ATF54143 and the gain is about 16.3dB when
)= 2(Hz, = J, {_ = 20m/ . It can satisf design demand,
so we choose this point as the quiescent point of ATF54143.
Bias circuit is shown in Figure .
D. Stabilit of 1PH
Because of the exist of refected wave, R amplifer will
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Figure 1 DC Bias circuit diagram
generate self-oscillation in some fequencies or end
conditions and cannot amplif signal. So stability is a very
important factor we must take into consideration in the
design of R amplifer. We have to judge the amplifer is
stable absolutely or not before designing matching circuit.
Stability depend on S parameter of the transistor, matching
network and biasing requirements. The sufcient and
necessary conditions of absolute stabilit are
l
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1
2
-IS22
1
2
_11
2
1

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2
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S12 IIS21
1
I

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ISllS22 -SI2 S21
1
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ATF54143 isn't stable absolutely in some fequencies.
We add negative feedback circuit in the source electrode in
order to improve stability. The circuit is shown in Figure .
In the circuit, we add short microstrip lines of appropriate
length between the source and ground. It acts as adding
feedback inductance in the source.
It is very complex that directly calculating stability fgure
by the datasheet, so we can use stability coeffcient of the
ADS sofware to analysis the stabilit of the amplifer. The
simulation result is shown in Figure 2. From the fgure we
can known that two coefcients are greater than , so the
transistor is stable absolutely in working fequencies.
2.0
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
r
+O

t
+
t
10
II
|eq=2C0OHz
Sabea1=1074
7
II
|eq=240OHz
Stab|act1 =1 02
2.40 2.41 2.42 2.43 2.44 2.45 2.46 2.47 2.48 2.49 2.50
freq. GHz
Figure 2stability figure
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L Design ofmatching network ofinput terminal
The design uses distributed parameter elements on
account of high working fequency. We've got to balance
gain and noise fgure in designing because the input
impedance when LNA has maximum gain is diferent that
when LNA has minimal noise. The noise fgure of receiving
system is mainly determined by the frst LNA , so the
design use minimal noise matching principle. In order to get
minimal noise fgure, refection coefcient of input terminal
must satisf requirement of best source refection coeffcient
( ra
p
t ). If termination impedance and characteristic
impedance of microstrip line are 50 ohm, matching network
of input terminal has to convert r
P
t into 50 ohm. This
design uses type L matching network. First, we design
matching network of input terminal with
DA_SmithChartMatch of ADS sofware roughly, determine
it' s parameters approximately, then optimize with Tuning
tool of ADS sofware. The matching network of input
terminal is shown in Figure 3.
1|H
1L

1|4

/=O hm
/=O hm Nun=
c=5.O33l O Ol
-4'H"
OLl2
Figure 3 matching network of input terminal
D. Design ofmatching network ofoutput terminal
Matching network of output terminal is for increasing
gain, improving gain fatness and input VSWR, so the
design use maximum gain matching principle. First, we also
design matching network of output terminal with
DA_SmithChartMatch of ADS sofware roughly. The
simulation results show that return loss of output terminal is
good, but return loss of output terminal is bad. So, we have
to optimize the whole circuit with Tuning tool of ADS
sofware, fnd a balance in some performance parameters of
the LNA such as S11,S22,S21, noise fgure. The matching
network of output terminal is shown in Figure 4.
TU|

Z=SO |m

1U|
TL
=S O|m
:
Nuu=2
E-S5CZt]
"2.b2
Figure 4 matching network of output terminal
E. Determining the size ofmicros trip line
We choose R4 substrate. It' s relative dielectric constant
Er = 4.4 ,thickness h = 0.8 mm, permeability Mur = 1 ,metal
conductivity Cond = 5.88e7 ,conductor thickness
! = 0.035 mm. We can easily compute width and length of
matching microstrip line with microstrip line computational
tool LinCale of ADS sofware. The schematic is shown in
Figure 5.
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Figure 5 schematic of the LNA
III. SIMULATION RESULT
The simulation results are shown in Figure 6, Figure 7.
Form Figure 6, we can see that in operating fequency range
input refection coeffcient S (1, 1) and output refection
coeffcient S (2,2) are less than -15dB, interband gain is
more than 15dB, gain fatness is good. Form Figure 7, we
can see that in operating fequency range noise fgure is less
than 0.8dB, stability fgure is more than 1, the whole circuit
is unconditionally stable.
n
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Figure 6 simulation results of S parameters
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Figure 7 simulation results of stability and noise fgure
IV. CONCLUSION
This paper discusses the design process of LNA with
ADS sofware. First, we choose suitable device according to
the designing demand, design DC bias circuit. Then, we
design matching network with DA _ SmithChartMatch and
Tuning tool of ADS sofware. We use maximum gain
matching principle on output terminal and minimal noise
matching principle on input terminal during designing of
matching network. Using DA SmithChartMatch and
Tuning tool of ADS sofware can save a large number of
calculations and analyses, simplif the process of design,
shorten the design cycle, reduce production cost.
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