(Learn the Unknown to Navigate Agriculture)

A News Magazine From Microtel Computer Education Institute

Wednesday, August 31, 2011, Edition-2

PROJECTS FROM GOVERNMENT

CENTRAL GOVERNMENT
MINISTRY OF CONSUMER AFFAIRS, FOOD AND PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION
Hill Transport Subsidy Scheme Decentralized Procurement Scheme

STATE GOVERNMENT
MADHYA PRADESH
Rani Durgavati Anusuchit Jaati/ Anusuchit Jan Jaati Swarojgar Yojna

ORISSA
Swajaladhara Scheme

DELHI
Scheme for Prevention Of Alcoholism and Substance (Drugs) Abuse valid upto 01/01/2012

RAJASTHAN
Jan Shree Bima Yojna Revised Integrated Housing Scheme 2005 for Beedi Workers, etc. Akshat Yojna for unemployed graduates

MINISTRY OF SOCIAL JUSTICE & EMPOWERMENT

Scheme of Assistance to Disabled Persons for Purchase/ Fitting of Aids/ Appliances (ADIP Scheme)

GOA
Goa Cyberage Student Scheme, 200405 Development of Manure Scheme valid upto 01/ 01 / 2012

CHANDIGARH
Chandigarh Model Milch Cattle Centre Scheme, 2008

MINISTRY OF HEATH & FAMILY WELFARE

Central Government (CGHS) Health Scheme

JAMMU & KASHMIR

Jammu and Kashmir Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (JKREGS).

GUJARAT
Interest subsidy or Investment subsidy to small scale industrial units scheme, 2000 valid upto 25/10/2011 Scheme for Integrated Horticulture Development Programmes valid upto 01/01/2012

MINISTRY OF TRIBAL AFFAIRS

Schemes of National Scheduled Tribes Finance and development Corporation (NSTFDC)

ARUNACHAL PRADESH
Permanent and Continuous Lok Adalat with Conciliation and Counseling Centre Scheme, 2007 valid upto 31/12/2011 Consolidated Sinking Fund Scheme valid upto 31/01/2012 Integrated Low Cost Sanitation Scheme valid upto 31/10/2013

STATE GOVERNMENT
BIHAR
Swarnajayanti Gram Swarojgar Yojna (SGSY) valid upto 21/10/2011

HIMACHAL PRADESH
Back Yard Poultry Development Scheme valid upto 01/01/2012 Fishermen Relief Fund Scheme

CHATTISGARH
Asvachh Dandha Chhatravritti Yojna valid upto 30/06/2015

JHARKHAND
Ayurvedic Health Centre Scheme for Schedule Tribes Skill Training for Employment Promotion amongst Urban Poor (STEPUP) Scheme valid upto 31/03/2015

KERALA
Handloom Export Scheme valid upto 31/03/2015 Noon Meal Scheme for High school Students valid upto 31/03/2012

HARYANA
Swayamsidha (Indira Mahila Yojna) valid upto 01/01/2012

FOREIGN AGENCIES
ABILIS Foundation gives small grants ranging from 500 to 10.000 Euros to projects initiated by disabled persons. Who can apply for a grant by Abilis? We support organizations that include persons with disabilities in their leadership. We support organisations of people with mobility, visual, hearing or any other type of disability. We can also support organisations that are run by parents of children with disabilities. You can apply for a grant from Abilis if the following is true for you: You live in a country which the United Nations and the OECD have defined as qualifying for Official Development Assistance. See list of countries Your organisation has a certificate of registration. (If your group is not registered, please contact our office as sometimes we are able to make exceptions to this rule.)

Friends of Womens World Bank, India

Loan available for below mentioned project @9% p.a. Interest Institutional and Capacity Building Community Based Organizations (ICB CBO) Livelihood and Enterprise Development ( Lead ) Financial Security Institutional and Capacity Building Micro Finance Institutions (ICB MFI) Solar Energy Water and Sanitation Program ( WATSAN )

Our next sustainable project: Goatery

Goat is a multi functional animal and plays a significant role in the economy and nutrition of landless, small and marginal farmers in the country. Goat rearing is an enterprise which has been practiced by a large section of population in rural areas. In rural and agricultural survival societies in our country, goats can be a good source of additional income. In addition to that: The initial investment needed for Goat farming is low because nit cost of animals is low. Goats are prolific breeders and achieve sexual maturity at the age of 10-12 months and at the age of 16-17 months it starts giving milk. Twinning is very common and triplets and quadruplets are rare.

Ref. No. NB.ICD.GSS/ 858 / PVCS-4 / 2011-12 Circular No. 124 /ICD - 27 / 2011 30 June 2011 The Chairman / Managing Director All Scheduled Commercial Banks All RRBs / SCARDBs/SCBs All other institutions eligible for NABARD refinance Dear Sir Poultry Venture Capital Fund (Subsidy) Please refer to our following Circulars on the captioned scheme: (i) (ii) (iii) Circular No. 32/ICD-6/2004-05 dated 16 February 2005 communicating the guidelines of Venture Capital Fund for Dairy and Poultry Circular No. 93/ TSD-03/2009 dated 19 June 2009 advising segregation of dairy and poultry sectors and Circular No. 96/TSD-01/2010 dated 7 May 2010 advising about the continuation of the scheme during the year 2010-11.

2. The Scheme of Poultry Venture Capital Fund under which Interest Free Loan (IFL) is provided to the beneficiaries has been closed as on 31 March 2011. The Scheme has been revised by Government of India with effect from 1 April 2011. Following are the major changes:Item Poultry Venture Capital Fund (IFL) Poultry Venture Capital Fund (Subsidy) Capital subsidy - 25% of outlay (33.33 % for SC and Interest Free Loan - 50% of ST entrepreneurs and North the outlay Eastern areas including Sikkim) Reimbursement of 50% of interest in case of regular No interest subsidy accounts Commercial layer and broiler units upto 5000 birds, rearing other species of poultry, cold storage for poultry products, large processing units, emu processing units, feather processing units, Technology up-gradation etc are included. Bank has to sanction the Bank has to sanction and project and approach release the first instalment of NABARD for sanction and loan and then approach

1. Assistance extended

2. Interest subsidy

3. New components

4. IFL / subsidy availment

5. Repayment

release of Interest Free Loan (IFL). Bank loan and IFL to be released simultaneously Repayments received from the borrowers out of IFL are to be remitted to NABARD on prorata basis

NABARD for sanction and release of eligible subsidy. No repayment to NABARD. Back ended capital subsidy to be adjusted at the end.

3. The Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries (DAHD&F), Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India will continue to be the nodal department for operating the scheme. The sanction and release of subsidy is subject to availability of funds and adherence of the instructions issued by DAHD & F, GoI and NABARD from time to time. 4. A copy of the operational guidelines of the scheme is enclosed. The GoI letter No. F.No.4321/2009-LDT(P) dated 26.4.2011 enclosing operational guidelines of the scheme is available at website http://dahd.nic.in. We request you to circulate the operational guidelines among your controlling offices/ branches. You may take steps for giving wide publicity for the scheme. The Animal Husbandry Department may also be approached for popularising the scheme and mobilising applications from prospective promoters. 5. Please acknowledge receipt. Yours faithfully Sd/(J. G. Menon) Chief General Manager

Implementing period and Area of operation The revised scheme will be implemented during 2011-12 through out the country. The scheme will come into effect from 1 April 2011. Proposals sanctioned and disbursed on or after 1 April 2011 shall be covered under the scheme. Eligibility Farmers, individual entrepreneurs, NGOs, companies, cooperatives, groups of unorganized and organized sector which include Self Help Groups (SHGs), Joint Liability Groups (JLGs) etc. An individual will be eligible to avail assistance for all the components under the scheme but only once for each component Subsidy: S.No Pattern of Assistance 25% of the outlay (33 .33 % for SC / ST Breeding Farms for Low Rs 30.00 lakh farmers and NE States including Sikkim) Input Technology Birds Varies depending as back ended capital subsidy subject to a like turkey, ducks, on the species and ceiling of Rs 7.50 lakh (Rs 10.00 lakh for SC/ST farmers and NE States including Japanese quails, emu etc. unit size. Sikkim). Component Unit Cost (Rs)

1.

Funding pattern Entrepreneur contribution (margin) - For loans upto Rs one lakh, banks may not insist on margin as per RBI guidelines. For loans above Rs 1.00 lakh : 10% ( minimum). Linkage with credit Assistance under the scheme would be purely credit linked and subject to sanction of the project by eligible financial institutions Sanction by banks Projects other than large processing units, emu processing, feather processing and units for technology upgradation The entrepreneurs shall apply to their banks for sanction of the project. The bank shall appraise the project as per their norms and if found eligible, sanction the total outlay excluding the margin, as the bank loan. Repayment Repayment Period will depend on the nature of activity and cash flow and will vary between 5- 9 years. Grace period may range from 6 months to 1 year The repayment schedules will be drawn on the total amount of the loan (including subsidy) in such a way that the subsidy amount is adjusted after liquidation of net bank loan (excluding subsidy). Rate of Interest Rate of interest on the loans shall be as per RBI guidelines and declared policy of the bank in this regard. The bank may charge interest on the entire loan amount till the subsidy is received and from the date of receipt of subsidy by the implementing branch, interest has to be charged only on the effective bank loan portion i.e. outlay excluding the margin and subsidy Security The security for availing the loan will be as per guidelines issued by RBI from time to time. Time limit for Completion of the project.

(a) Time limit for completion of the project would be as envisaged under the project, subject to maximum of 12 months period from the date of disbursement of the first installment of loan which may be extended by a further period of 3 months, if reasons for delay are considered justified by the financial institution concerned. (b) If the project is not completed within the stipulated period, benefit of subsidy shall not be available and advance subsidy placed with the participating bank, if any, will have to be refunded forthwith to NABARD

Proposal
WOMENS EMPOWERMENT INCOME GENERATING PROJECT FOR RURAL WOMEN
Introduction: Women work two-thirds of the worlds working hours. According to the United Nations Millennium Campaign we have to get rid of world poverty by the year 2015. The overwhelming majority of the labor that sustains life growing food, cooking, raising children, caring for the elderly, maintaining a house, hauling water is done by women, and universally this work is free (no pay). Women own less than 1% of the worlds property. Where laws or customs prevent women from owning land or other productive assets, from getting loans or credit, or from having the right to inheritance or to own their home, they have no assets to influence for economic stability and cannot invest in their own or their on childrens futures. So they miss the opportunity to develop their minds and spirits. Hence the entire countries suffer. In many remote villages, women never belong wholly to themselves; they are the property of others throughout their lives. Their physical well-being health, security and bodily integrity is often beyond their own control. Where women have no control over money, childbearing may be the only marker of value available to women. Swami Vivekananda used to say, By coming together to support each others goal and dreams, women not only enhance their own lives but they empower others. The true power of women they have within them to change the world. Today, Swamijis words have proved true. Following the footsteps of Sarada Devi and Sister Nivedita hundreds of women all over the world are coming forward with a combination of the mothers heart and the heros will, a combination of the purity of Holy Mother and the dynamism of Rani of Jhansi.

RICE-DUCK-AZOLLA FARMING:
Almost every part of our country is suitable for Duck Farming. During the past few years duck industry have gained enormous potentiality; particularly in village and around major cities and towns. Therefore, it is essential that hatcheries are set up in different areas having potential on decentralized basis. This will help in increasing per capita consumption of duck meat and eggs and thus strengthen the economy of poor villager of our country. Market Potential: Fast urbanization, changes in life style and food habits of consumers, improvement in standards of living etc. have resulted into increase in per capita consumption of egg and meats but per capita consumption of these commodities in our country is still far below that of developed countries showing enormous potential/scope for duck development. Increasing number of duck farms in different areas has emphasized that hatcheries should be set up in potential areas. Objectives of the project:

Poor village women and young girls [adolescent] often spend a great deal of time followed by work of collecting the fodder for the animals. The cost involved in purchase of chemical and concentrated feeds are not only prohibitively expensive, but also threats to local biodiversity conservation. Poor rural village families who are already facing food insecurity positions lose interests in animal rising / poultry or duck farming. If this trend exists to continue, Nature-bound village harmony will disappear followed by social, economic and cultural deprivation in the long run. Our Overall Objectives: 1. To create an environment where women can demand knowledge and information, empowering themselves to change their lives. 2. To encourage the rural poorest of the poor women to get the confidence that change of their lives are possible, if they work collectively (HSG). 3. To universalize micro entrepreneurships for the disadvantaged rural women. 4. To provide vocational training to poor women also women having children with disability through our virtual classroom to bring the Socio-Economic Development in rural area. 5. To increase household income, reduce malnutrition in children and improve living conditions in rural communities, cut off from their sources of employment and social services, through the empowerment of women as wage-earners and the creation of jobs Our Specific Objectives: To provide women with vocational training in rice-duck-azolla farming. To provide women with day old duckling to support them to start their farming. To establish womens associations in duck-farming to represent womens interests, provide them with technical, administrative and logistical support and promote their products in the formal market. Specific programmes: Practical training camps for 10 days and a special follow-up camp for 2 days will be arranged for Poor families of our action area with a special preference to the families having children with disabilities with experience trainers. Justification of the Project: Mahatma Gandhi used to say The progress and decline of a nation depends upon the position that it gives to its women. Women are the real builder of the nation. After a through survey in our action area; a variety of factors have been found which is responsible for poverty in village area like: Social discrimination and economic exploitation. Early marriage Occupation of girl child in domestic chores only. Low enrolment of girls in school and high dropout rate. Lack of functional literacy for girls. Rice Duck Azolla Farming

Poverty is especially severe in our villages, where social services and infrastructure are limited. The majorities of those who live in rural areas are poor and depend on agriculture. About 90 percent of the food produced by marginal farmers cultivating tiny plots of land that depends on rainfall rather than irrigation systems. Across the district though they earn subsistence living but often go short of food, particularly during the pre-harvest period. We want to introduce micro entrepreneurship Rice-duck-azolla cultivation model for poor village women. The present system of rice production requires the use of agro-chemicals such as fertilizers and pesticides, often in heavy doses. And its known to everybody that these chemicals particularly are harmful to the environment. Moreover, resource-poor farmers, i.e. the marginal farmers who have 6-8 months rice-provisioning ability and where both husband and wife are involved in the household affairs; often cannot afford to apply optimum doses of agro-chemicals to their rice crops to get the desired crop. Azolla plant will be cultivated as monocrop as organic fertilizer before rice transplanting. It will provide half of the nitrogen fertilizer requirement of the rice while the other half will come from ducks foraging. This rice-duck-azolla integrated farming will increase the production potential in this traditional farming practice a promising approach to sustainability in rice and duck farming, addressing the ecological issues pertaining to the conservation of rice field ecology and aquatic biodiversity. The rice-duck-azolla culture as one of the means of organic farming where weeds and insects could be controlled effectively by the ducks, helping to eliminate the application of pesticides beside the dung of the ducks and azolla will provide almost all the essential nutrients to the rice crops. Duck farming will play a significant role in the economy and nutrition of landless, small and marginal farmers in the country. In rural and agricultural survival societies in our areas, duck can be a good source of additional income. In addition to that the initial investment needed for Duck firming is low and at the age of 4-5 months they start laying eggs. Beneficiary: The agro-ecological condition of our state is suitable for this rice-duck-azolla cultivation system. Hence, we are trying to explore the prospects of the system initially to 100 groups of Self Help Groups and there are 10 women in each group (total 1000 families). And they are ready to evaluate this integrated system of rice-ducks-azolla farming. Feed for ducks:

Azolla is an alternate sustainable duck feed. Due to lack of fodder due to uncertain climatic conditions, the government is encouraging the harvesting of azolla cultivation, which can be done with less space and cost. Azolla is a wonderful plant, a water fern (palm leaf) that grows on the surface in ponds. Azolla is responsible for the fixation and assimilation (digestion) of atmospheric nitrogen, is very rich in proteins, essential amino acids, vitamins (vitamin A, vitamin B12 and Beta- Carotene), growth promoter intermediaries and minerals like calcium, phosphorous, potassium, ferrous, copper, magnesium etc. On a dry weight basis, it contains 25 - 35 percent protein, 10 - 15 percent minerals and 7 - 10 percent of amino acids, bio-active substances and bio-polymers. The carbohydrate and fat content of azolla is very low. Its nutrient composition makes it a highly efficient and effective feed for Duck. Duck easily digest it, and they quickly grow accustomed to it. The size of the Azolla plants are 1 - 3 cm. in our method, a water body is made, preferably under the shade of a tree, with the help of a polythene sheet. A pit of 2 x 2 x 0.2 m is dug as a first step. All corners of the pit should be at the same level so that a uniform water level can be maintained. The pit is covered with plastic gunnies to prevent the roots of the nearby trees piercing the polythene sheet, which is spread over the plastic gunnies. About 10 - 15 kg of sieved fertile soil is uniformly spread over the polythene sheet. 2 kg cow dung and 30 g of Super Phosphate mixing in 10 litres of water, pour onto the sheet. More water can be poured on to raise the water level to about 10 cm. Place about 1 kg of fresh and pure culture of azolla in the water. This will grow rapidly and fill the pit within 10 - 15 days. A mixture of 20 g of Super Phosphate and about 1 kg of cow dung should be added once every 5 days in order to maintain rapid multiplication of the azolla and to maintain the daily yield. Apart from that villager can feed broken wheat and rice, rice bran, snail, googly & ground nuts cake etc. Duck needs 150 gram feed per day. 1. 2. 3. Feed per duckling up to 3 weeks 3 weeks to 9 weeks 9 weeks onwards 50g. per day 100g. per day 150g. per day

Ten days after transplanting the paddy, 20-day-old ducklings will be released in the plots at the rate of 100 duck per bigha. For the first three to five days, ducklings will be kept in the plots for 24 hours a day. Later they will remain in the plots from morning to evening. Proper measures will be taken to protect the ducklings from predators and to prevent their movement outside the designated plot. The ducklings, upon reaching four months old, will be removed from the rice fields which is at the stage of flowering and on the other hand ducklings are also at the egg laying stage. Protection of duck from diseases: Our society will be on the alert to protect the duck against common diseases and consult the nearest veterinary aid centre for help if illness is suspected. Care: 1. Up to 3 weeks needs special care, 2. Drinking water should be provided with feed 3. Sleeping area should be dry and clean Outcome of the project:

In terms of economic benefits: It will be found that the rice-duck-azolla farming is superior to the traditional system of rice production (sole rice or rice only) in terms of economic benefits, as well as in its effect on the environment. The beneficial effects of the system are as follows. 1. The duck eggs and meat is more lean (low cholesterol) and relatively good for people who prefer low energy diet. Hence, there is a good market in our state, throughout the country and abroad. 2. Duck farming will create employment to the rural poor; besides effectively utilizing unpaid family labor. 3. There is ample scope for establishing cottage industries based on ducks egg & meat. 4. Duck make a valuable contribution to the livelihood of economically weaker sections of the society. 5. After 5 months duck will lay eggs, each duck will give minimum 300-320 eggs in one year 6. Total nos. of eggs = 300 x 40 ducks =12,000 eggs. (minimum 40 eggs from 50 ducks) 7. Total earning for one year is Rs.4.50 x 12,000 eggs = Rs.54,000.00 8. Less feed cost for one year @ Rs.25.00 per day x 365 days = Rs.7,300.00 9. Total profit for one year = Rs.54,000.00 Rs.7,300.00 = Rs.46,700.00 10. In each month extra income is Rs.46,700.00 / 12 months =Rs.3,891.00 Effect on Yield of Rice: The rice-duck-azolla system will enhanced the yield-contributing characteristics of the rice plants; Data will show that, on an average, the yields of the rice-duckazolla sub-plots are 25% higher than those of the sole rice sub-plots. Effect on Insect Population: The insect infestation results will show that the populations of the green leafhopper, brown plant hopper, zigzag leaf hopper, rice bug, short-horned grasshopper, and longhorned grasshopper are significantly lower (almost not there) in rice-duck-azolla plots. Effect on Weed Population: Weeds affect the yield of rice to a considerable extent. Weed counts will show that the numbers of weed plants per sq. ft. of land are significantly lower in the rice-duckazolla plots as compared to the farmers sole-rice plots. Effect on Soil Health: Soil analysis also will show that the N, P, K, Ca, and S levels in the soils of the rice-duck-azolla plots are higher. This indicates that the grazing of the ducks and azolla farming enriched the soils nutrients. Other mechanisms may also be involved. The movement of the ducks in the rice field enhances the aeration of the soil and prevents accumulation of harmful gases in the photosphere. This may be another reason for the stimulation of the growth of the rice plants and ducks movement and feeding activity in the rice-duck-azolla plots disturbed the soil, resulting in the improvement of the soils physical property, hence, enhancing the rice root systems. Economic Gains: An economic analysis of the integrated rice-duck-azolla system and the farmers traditional practice (sole-rice) will show that 50-60% higher net returns per bigha could be achieved by the farmer. The higher income from the rice-duck-azolla system would be generated in two ways namely, the higher rice yield combined with the reduced cost of production, and the additional income from the ducks. Moreover, the rice-duck-azolla system could reduce insecticide and chemical fertilizer requirements, thereby ensuring a safe environment and organic products Rice Provisioning Ability: The rice provisioning ability of the farmers in all categories increased as a result of the intervention of integrated rice-duck-azolla farming technology through the additional grain yield per unit area.

As Results the integrated rice-duck-azolla system would be highly beneficial for the farmers from the economic point of view. Besides increasing the yield of rice, the infestation of weeds and insect pests will be controlled by ducks in the rice-duck-azolla system. Long term outcomes: 1. Change of community attitude 2. Change of self esteem of the rural women 3. Change of community standard of living 4. Our village women will have a good opportunity in lives.

NUTRIENT CONTENT OF EGGS: COMPARISON (Per 100g)

Nutrients Water (g) Energy (KCal) Protein (g) Fat (g) Carbohydrate (g) Minerals (mg) Vitamin B6 (mg) Amino acids (g) Pantothenic acid (mg) Riboflavin (mg) Chicken 75.33 149 12.49 10.02 1.22 486.58 0.139 12.49 1.255 0.508 Duck 70.83 185 12.81 13.77 1.45 674.36 0.25 12.99 1.862 0.404 Less water is better More energy, dense food Better protein Better Fats Packed with nutrients Lots of extras 2x as much more complex aminos 2x as much only one lower!

Thiamin (mg) Vitamin A (IU) Niacin (mg) Vitamin B12 (mcg)

0.062 635 0.073 1.00

0.156 1328 0.20 5.40

2x as much 2x as much 3x as much 5x as much

Duck Egg - Chicken Egg Nutrient Comparison

Per 100 Grams of Edible Portion
Duck Eggs Nutrients Units Per 100 Grams Proximates Water Energy Energy Protein Total lipid (fat) Ash Carbohydrate, by difference Fiber, total dietary Calcium, Ca Iron, Fe Magnesium, Mg Phosphorus, P Potassium, K Sodium, Na Zinc, Zn Copper, Cu Manganese, Mn Selenium, Se g kcal kj g g g g g mg mg mg mg mg mg mg mg mg mcg 70.83 185 776 12.81 13.77 1.14 1.45 0.0 64 3.85 17 220 222 146 1.41 0.062 0.038 36.4 Water Energy Energy Protein Total lipid (fat) Ash Carbohydrate, by difference Fiber, total dietary Minerals Calcium, Ca Iron, Fe Magnesium, Mg Phosphorus, P Potassium, K Sodium, Na Zinc, Zn Copper, Cu Manganese, Mn Selenium, Se Vitamins Vitamin C, total ascorbic mg acid Thiamin Riboflavin Niacin Pantothenic acid Vitamin B-6 Folate, total Folic acid Folate, food Folate, DFE Vitamin B-12 Vitamin A, IU Retinol Vitamin A, RAE Vitamin D mg mg mg mg mg mcg mcg mcg mcg IU mcg nl* 0.0 0.156 0.404 0.200 1.862 0.250 80 0 80 5.40 1328 399 nl* Vitamin C, total ascorbic mg acid Thiamin Riboflavin Niacin Pantothenic acid Vitamin B-6 Folate, total Folic acid Folate, food Folate, DFE Vitamin B-12 Vitamin A, IU Retinol Vitamin A, RAE Vitamin D mg mg mg mg mg mcg mcg mcg mcg IU mcg IU 0.0 0.062 0.508 0.073 1.255 0.139 47 0 47 1.00 635 191 52.000 mg mg mg mg mg mg mg mg mg mcg 49 1.44 10 178 121 126 1.10 0.014 0.024 30.8 g kcal kj g g g g g 75.33 149 623 12.49 10.02 0.94 1.22 0.0 Chicken Eggs Nutrients Units Per 100 Grams

mcg_DFE 80

mcg_DFE 47

mcg_RAE 399

mcg_RAE 191

Vitamin E Fatty acids, total saturated 4:0 6:0 8:0 10:0 12:0 14:0 15:0 16:0 17:0 18:0 20:0 22:0 24:0 Fatty acids, total monounsaturated 14:1 16:1 undifferentiated 18:1 undifferentiated 20:1 22:1 undifferentiated Fatty acids, total polyunsaturated 18:2 undifferentiated 18:3 undifferentiated 18:4 20:4 undifferentiated 20:5 n-3 22:5 n-3 22:6 n-3 Cholesterol Tryptophan Threonine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Cystine Phenylalanine Tyrosine Valine Arginine Histidine Alanine Aspartic acid Glutamic acid

mg_ATE 0.740

Vitamin E Lipids Fatty acids, total saturated 4:0 6:0 8:0 10:0 12:0 14:0 15:0 16:0 17:0 18:0 20:0 22:0 24:0 Fatty acids, total monounsaturated 14:1 16:1 undifferentiated 18:1 undifferentiated 20:1 22:1 undifferentiated Fatty acids, total polyunsaturated 18:2 undifferentiated 18:3 undifferentiated 18:4 20:4 undifferentiated 20:5 n-3 22:5 n-3 22:6 n-3 Cholesterol

mg_ATE

1.050

g g g g g g g nl* g nl* g nl* nl* nl* g nl* g g g g g g g g g g g g mg g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g

3.681 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 nl* 2.996 nl* 0.632 nl* nl* nl* 6.525 nl* 0.441 6.084 0.000 0.000 1.223 0.558 0.102 0.000 0.319 0.000 0.000 0.000 884 0.260 0.736 0.598 1.097 0.951 0.576 0.285 0.840 0.613 0.885 0.765 0.320 0.631 0.777 1.789

g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g mg g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g

3.100 0.000 0.000 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.034 0.004 2.226 0.017 0.784 0.010 0.012 0.003 3.809 0.008 0.298 3.473 0.028 0.003 1.364 1.148 0.033 0.000 0.142 0.004 0.000 0.037 425 0.152 0.600 0.682 1.067 0.897 0.390 0.290 0.664 0.510 0.761 0.749 0.296 0.696 1.255 1.633

Amino Acids Tryptophan Threonine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Cystine Phenylalanine Tyrosine Valine Arginine Histidine Alanine Aspartic acid Glutamic acid

Glycine Proline Serine Caffeine Theobromine

g g g nl* nl*

0.422 0.480 0.963 nl* nl*

Glycine Proline Serine Other Tryptophan Threonine

g g g mg mg

0.420 0.498 0.929 0 0

USDA Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 15 (August 2002) *nl = was not listed

Budget A. Fixed Capital (i) S/N 1 2 3 Land and Building Particular Raw materials for making shed and boundary fencing Raw materials and boundary fencing Constriction cost Total Cost Rs. 25,000.00 Rs. 25,000.00 Rs. 8,750.00 Rs. 58,750.00

B. Recurring Expenditure (i) Exp for ducklings S/N 1 2 3 Particulars Quantity Unit price/ per month cost Rs. 25.00 x 550 nos. Rs. 15,000.00 x 6 months Rs. 2,500.00 x 5 months Total Cost Rs. Rs. Rs. 13, 750.00 90,000.00 12,500.00

Ducklings (we have calculated 550 nos. 10 % mortality) Feed expanses for 1st 5 months @ Rs.1.00 per day per ducklings (exp. for azolla cultivation etc.) Medicine etc.Rs.2,5.00 per month for 5 months Total Utilities

Rs. 1,16,250.00

(i) S/N 1 2 3

Particular Power Water Misc. exp. for 1st 6 months Total Total Recurring exp. (i+ii)

Cost Rs. 3,000.00 X 5 months 00.00 Rs. 5,000.00

Cost Rs. 15,000.00 00.00 Rs. 10,000.00 Rs. 25,000.00 Rs. 1,41,250.00

S/N A B

TOTAL EXPENDITURE FOR THE PROJECT Particular Fixed Capital Exp for ducklings Total

Cost Rs. 58.750.00 Rs. 1,41,250.00 Rs. 2,00,000.00

Financial Analysis HOW THE RURAL POOR WOMEN ARE BENEFITED FROM RICE-DUCK-AZOLLA FARMING PROJECT. 1. The family is having 550 ducks (say 500 ducks only) After 5 months ducks will lay eggs, 2. Each duck will give minimum 300-320 eggs in one year. (Our calculation is on the basis of 6 months and yearly 300 eggs from each duck) 3. Total nos. of eggs from (6th month to 18th month) 1st year = 300 x 500 ducks = Rs. 1, 50,000 eggs. 4. Local market whole sale price of egg is Rs.4.50 (Retail market Rs. 6.50) 5. Total earning for one year is Rs.4.50 x Rs. 1,50,000 eggs = Rs. 6,75,000.00 6. Less feed = Rs.1,80,000.00 7. Total profit for one year = Rs. 6,75,000.00 Rs.1,80,000.00 = Rs. 4,95,000.00 8. Monthly income thel family is Rs. 4,95,000.00/12 months = Rs. 41,250.00 Basis and presumptions: The project profile has been prepared based upon the following presumptions:

1. 2.

Name of the project Availability of Ducklings

3.

Market Potential

Chandra Rice-Duck-Azolla Farming Locally available Fast urbanization, changes in life style and food habits of consumers, improvement in standards of living etc. have resulted into increase in per capita consumption of egg and meats but per capita consumption of these commodities in our country is still far below that of developed countries showing enormous potential/scope for duck development. Increasing number of duck farms in different areas has emphasized that hatcheries should be set up in potential areas.

4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.

Proposed Firm Address a. Name & address of the Firmer b. Age, Educational qualification & Experience of the Firmer a. Number of Ducklings Annual target of production Cost of per Ducklings Total cost for dicklings Time period for achieving maximum capacity Labour charge Capital Loan Amount

550 nos. of Ducklings 1,50,000 Nos. of eggs Rs.25.00 Rs.13,750.00 6 months Handle by own 100% loan from Bank Rs.2,00,000.00 Rate of interest on the loans shall be as per RBI guidelines and declared policy of the bank in this regard. The bank may charge interest on the entire loan amount till the subsidy is received and from the date of receipt of subsidy by the implementing branch, interest has to be charged only on the effective bank loan portion i.e. outlay excluding the margin and subsidy Repayment Period will depend on the nature of activity and cash flow and will vary between 5- 9 years. Grace period may range from 6 months to 1 year The repayment schedules will be drawn on the total amount of the loan (including subsidy) in such a way that the subsidy amount is adjusted after liquidation of net bank loan (excluding subsidy). 500 Eggs 1,50,000 nos. of eggs (500 ducks x 300 eggs from per duck) Rs.6,75,000.00 Rs.6,75,000.00 Rs.1,80,000.00 Rs. 6,75,000.00 Rs.1,80,000.00 = Rs. 4,95,000.00

15.

Rate of interest

16.

Repayment

17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22.

Per day production Per Year Production Sale price of eggs Total sale Total feed Total profit in one year

23.

Monthly profit of the family will be

Rs. 4,95,000.00/12 months = Rs. 41,250.00

Year 1st year

Quarter 1st Quarter 2nd Quarter 3rd Quarter 4th Quarter 1st Quarter 2nd Quarter 3rd Quarter 4th Quarter 1st Quarter 2nd Quarter 3rd Quarter 4th Quarter

Total 2nd year

Loan Repayment Schedule in 3 years Quarterly pay schedule Loan Amount: Rs. 2,00,000.00 Rate of interest: Say 13 % Re-payment of Loan amount Interest Loan Rs. 2,00,000.00 Rs. 6,500.00 Rs. 16,667.00 Rs. 1,83,333.00 Rs. 5,958.32 Rs. 16,667.00 Rs. 1,66,666.00 Rs. 5,416.65 Rs. 16,667.00 Rs. 1,49,999.00 Rs. 4,874.57 Rs. 16,667.00 Rs. 22,749.54 Rs. 1,33,332.00 Rs. 1,16,665.00 Rs. 99,998.00 Rs. 83,331.00 Rs. 4,333.23 Rs. 3,791.61 Rs. 3,249.94 Rs. 2,708.25 Rs. 14,083.03 Rs. 2,166.58 Rs. 1,624.90 Rs. 1,083.00 Rs. 541.54 Rs. 5,416.02 Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. 16,667.00 16,667.00 16,667.00 16,667.00

Balance loan payable Rs. 1,83,333.00 Rs. 1,66,666.00 Rs. 1,49,999.00 Rs. 1,33,332.00

Rs. 1,16, 665.00 Rs. 99,998.00 Rs. 83,331.00 Rs. 66,664.00

Total 3rd year Rs. 66,664.00 Rs. 49, 997.00 Rs. 33,330.00 Rs. 16,663.00

Rs. 16,667.00 Rs. 16,667.00 Rs. 16,667.00 Rs. 16,667.00 Rs. 2,00,000.00

Rs. 49, 997.00 Rs. 33,330.00 Rs. 16,663.00 Rs. 00.00

Total interest paid = Rs. 42,248.59

PROPOSED PLAN TO SUPPORT RURAL WOMEN

Introduction TURKEY FARMING Turkey occupies an important position next to chicken and Turkey in contributing the most evolving sector, which is playing a significant role in augmenting the economic and nutritional status of varied population. They form almost two percent of the total poultry population. They are reared for meat only and its meat is the best among other domestic avian species. Turkeys are mostly concentrated in and around cosmopolitan cities of India in small numbers. Indigenous and non-descriptive turkeys are found in good numbers in Kerala, Tamil Nadu, eastern districts of Uttar Pradesh and some other parts of India. Turkey and world: Turkey farming is very popular in western countries and the major turkey producing countries are United States of America, Canada, Germany, France, Italy, Netherlands and the United Kingdom. The Annual per capita consumption of turkey meat in the above said countries ranges from 4-8 kg per year. The estimated world turkey meat production in 2004 is 4.94 million tones. History and thanksgiving holiday: Turkey (Meleagris Gallopavo) is a large gallinaceous bird of the family Meleagridae that is native of North America, domesticated in Europe and are now important source of food in many parts of the world. Turkey and India: Turkey farming is in infancy in India. However, serious efforts are being made at Central Poultry Development Organization (Southern Region), Hessarghatta, Bangalore to promote turkey farming. Kerala and Tamil Nadu are the leading states in turkey production. Turkey farming is getting popular fast in southern regions. There are three varieties of turkey commonly available in India. They are Board breasted bronze, Broad breasted white and Beltsville small white. White turkeys seem to be more suitable for Indian conditions. Board breasted white: This is a cross between Board breasted bronze and White Holland with white feathers. This variety was developed at the Cornell University. White plumage turkeys seems to be suitable Indian-Agro climatic conditions as they have better heat tolerance and also good and clean in appearance after dressing. Turkey terminologies: Tom Hem Poult Snood or Dew bill Caruncles Dewlap Bread Strut Shooting the red (Similar to an ulcer)

Adult male turkey Adult female turkey Young one of turkey The fleshy protuberance near the base of the beck The fleshy protuberance on the head and neck usually pink or red in color which appear from about 5th week of age A large flap skin seen immediately below the chim A tuft of hair attached to the skin of the upper chest region Mating behavior of male turkey The development of caruncles and this is supposed to indicate the most difficult time in the life of young turkey

Almost every part of our country is suitable for Turkey farming. During the past few years Turkey farming has gained enormous potentiality, particularly in village and around major cities and towns. Therefore, micro-turkey-farming is essential in our country. This will help in increasing per capita consumption of Turkey meat and eggs and thus strengthen the economy of our poor villager of our country. In the modern classification of Turkey industry, the term hatchery covers the sector which is engaged in production and supply of one-day old Turkey by artificial incubation. We will produce day old Turkey only for supplying to poor villagers. Justification of the project: Poverty is especially severe in our action area, where social services and infrastructure are limited. The majorities of those who live in rural areas are poor and depend on agriculture. About 90 percent of the food produced by marginal farmers cultivating tiny plots of land that depends on rainfall rather than irrigation systems. Across the districts though they earn subsistence living but often go short of food, particularly during the pre-harvest period. Poor women have to come out to work as house maid leaving the children behind. So we need to introduce new micro entrepreneurship model Turkey Cultivation for poor village women. Moreover, resource-poor farmers, i.e. the marginal farmers who have 6-8 months rice- provisioning ability and where both husband and wife are involved in the household affairs; often cannot afford to send their children to school will be able to earn minimum Rs. 3,000.00 to 5,000.00 in each month which will be helpful for their family, also she will be able to take care her children at home. Market Potential: Fast urbanization, changes in life style and food habits of consumers, improvement in standards of living etc. have resulted into increase in per capita consumption of meat, but per capita consumption of these commodities in our country is still far below that of developed countries showing enormous potential/scope for Turkey development. Turkey egg: The turkey will start lay eggs from the 30th week of age and its production period is 24 weeks from the point of lay. Under proper feeding turkey lay as much as 80-100 eggs annually. Nearly 70 percent of the eggs will be laid in the afternoon. The turkey eggs are tinted and weigh about 85 gm. Egg is noticeably pointed at one end with strong shell. The protein, carbohydrate and mineral content of turkey egg are 13.1%, 11.8%, and 1.7% respectively. The cholesterol is 15.67-23.97 mg/gm of yolk. Turkey meat: Turkey meat has nutritional and sensorial properties which make it almost ideal raw material for reasonable and medicinal nutrition. People prefer turkey meat because of its leanest nature. The protein, fat, energy values of turkey meat are 24%, 6.6%, 162 calories per 100 gm of meat. Mineral like potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, selenium, zinc and sodium are present. It is also rich in essential amino acids and vitamins like niacin, vitamin B6 and B12. It is rich in unsaturated fatty acids and essential fatty acids and low in cholesterol. Points to be noted during farming: The floor space requirement for 0-4 weeks is 1.5 sq. ft. per turkey. Turkeys are not the best starters in their life and will really need some tender loving care to get them safely through the first four weeks of life. The average mortality rate is 6-10% during this period. Young poults by nature are reluctant to eat and drink in the first few days of life, primarily because of bad eyesight and nervousness. Hence, they have to be force fed.

Force Feeding:

Starve (go hungry) out problem is one of the major factors for early mortality in poults. So special care has to be taken for supplying feed and water. In force feeding, milk should be fed at the rate of 100 ml per liter of water and one boiled egg have to be given at the rate of one per 10 poults up to fifteen days and that will compensate the protein and energy requirements of the poults. Poults can be attracted to the feed by gentle tapping of the container with the fingers. Colored marbles or pebbles placed in feeders and water will also attract poults towards them. Since turkeys are fond of greens, some chopped green leaves should also be added to the feed to improve the feed intake. Rearing systems: Turkeys can be reared under free range or intensive system. Free range system of rearing: Advantages: It reduces the feed cost by fifty percent. Low investment. Cost benefit ratio is high. In the free range system, in one acre of fenced land we can rear 200-250 adult turkeys. Shelter should be provided during night at the rate of 3-4 sq. ft. per Turkey. They should be protected from predators during scavenging. Free range feeding: Since turkeys are very good scavengers, it can consume earthworms, small insects, snails, kitchen waste and termites, which are rich in protein and that will reduce the feed cost by fifty percent. Apart from this poultry feed can be fed. To avoid leg weakness and lameness in free ranging Turkey, calcium should be supplemented at the rate of 250gm per week per Turkey in the form of oyster shell. Ten percent of feed can be substituted with vegetable waste to reduce the cost of feed. Catching and handling of turkeys: Turkeys of all age group can be easily driven from one place to another with the help of a stick. For catching turkeys a darkened room is best, wherein they can be picked up with both legs without any injury. However, mature turkeys should not be kept hanging for more than 3-4 minutes. Floor, space requirement of turkeys: Age 0-4 weeks 5-16 weeks 16-29 weeks Turkey breeder Floor Space (Sq .Ft) 1.25 2.5 4.0 5.0

Feed: The methods of feeding are mash feeding and pellet feeding. The energy, protein, vitamin and mineral requirements for turkeys are high when compared to chicken. Feed should be given in feeders and not on the ground. Whenever change is made from one diet to another it should be carried out gradually. Turkeys require a constant and clean water supply at all times. Provide more number of waterers during summer. Feed turkeys during the cooler parts of the day during summer. Green feeding: In intensive system, greens can be fed upto 50% of the total diet on dry mash basis. Fresh Lucerne is first class green feed for turkeys of all ages. Green grass can be chopped and fed turkeys to reduce the feed cost.

Body weight and feed consumption: Age in weeks

th

Average Body Weight (Kg) Male 0.72 2.36 4.72 7.26 9.62 Female 0.63 1.90 3.85 5.53 6.75

Upto 4 week
th

Total feed consumption (Kg) Male Female 0.95 0.81 3.99 11.34 19.86 28.26 3.49 9.25 15.69 23.13

Upto 8 week
th

Upto 12 week
th

Upto 16 week
th

Upto 20 week

Marketing of turkeys: The meat of turkey has nutritional and sensorial properties which make it almost ideal raw material for rational and curative nutrition. The turkey can produce 30gm of digestible protein from 100gm feed.
th

The body weight of tom and hen turkey at the 16 week is 7.26 kg and 5.53kg. This is optimum weight for marketing the turkeys. Normal market price of Turkey meat is Rs.150-200 per kg., but during the Christmas price goes up to Rs.400.00per kg.

A market study shows that a male turkey sold at 24 weeks of age weighing 10 to 12 kg with expenditure of Rs.300 to 450 will give a profit of Rs. 1000 from each Turkey. Economic Parameters in Turkey Farming Male Female ratio Average egg weight Average day old poult weight Average egg number Incubation Period Egg production period Marketable age Male Female Marketable weight Male Female Average feed consumption up to marketable age Male Female Mortality during brooding period 1:5 65gms 50gms 80 -100 28 days 24 weeks 14 -15 weeks 17 18 weeks 7.5 kg 5.5 kg 24 -26 kg 17 19 kg 3-4%

Conclusion: There is a considerable scope for turkey farming in India, as turkey can be reared in free range or semi intensive systems especially in rural areas for economic enhancement of landless laborers, marginal and small farmers. Free-range turkey rearing method requires low investment in facilities and equipments and it is a viable and sustainable bird both for backyard and commercial venture in economic point of view. Turkeys are suitable for tropical climate of Indian sub continent.

HOW THE RURAL POOR WOMEN WILL BE BENEFITED FROM THE TURKEY FARMING PROJECT. IF YOU HAVE A PLAN TO SUPPORT 100 POOR (WOMEN) FAMILIES EVERY YEAR. 9. Each family of 100 families will receive 50 Turkey from your Society.

10.

Turkey food is rice husk, green grass, azolla and poultry feed are available in every house in village. For feed of the Turkey (Turkey needs 250g. feed per day) Even if farmer had to buy feed from market, say per kg. Rs. 15.00 (poultry feed), it will cost them ( 26 kg. feed x Rs.15.00) = Rs.390.00 say Rs.400.00. After 15 weeks; return from each turkey is : 7kg. (per turkey weight) x Rs.150.00 per kg. = Rs.1050.00 Rs. 400.00 (feed cost) = Rs.850.00 average profit

11.

12.

13. From 50 nos. turkey farmer/ villager can earn Rs.850x 50 nos. = Rs. 32,500.00

For-

Secretary