MODULE 15- ENDOCRINE SYSTEM (PATHOLOGY)

PRACTICAL PATHOLOGY : GOITER A)Jars:1.Organ: Thyroid Gland (Page 118-Atlas of Gross Pathology) Description: The thyroid gland is - markedly enlarged and grossly nodular - on section, cut surface is nodular and variegated ( variety of colours) in appearance showing focal areas of brownish translucent colloid brownish areas of hemorrhage whitish areas of fibrosis and calcification Diagnosis: Colloid nodular goiter

MODULE 15- ENDOCRINE SYSTEM (PATHOLOGY)

MODULE 15- ENDOCRINE SYSTEM (PATHOLOGY)

2. Organ: Thyroid gland (Page 119) Description: - The thyroid gland is diffusely enlarged with preserved shape - On section, cut surface is tan coloured and pancreatic like in appearance. Diagnosis: Primary thyrotoxicosis (Graves disease)

MODULE 15- ENDOCRINE SYSTEM (PATHOLOGY)

3. Organ : Thyroid gland (Page 120) Description : - The thyroid gland is enlarged and grossly nodular. - On section, cut surface is nodular and variegated (variety of colours) in appearance. - In one area, a non-encapsulated grayish white mass lesion is detected. Diagnosis: Carcinoma of thyroid gland and colloid nodular goiter.

MODULE 15- ENDOCRINE SYSTEM (PATHOLOGY)

B) Slides :1. Colloid nodular goiter (Page 108 -Atlas of Histopathology) Section revealed nodular thyroid tissue formed of: - Colloid distended follicles of different sizes and shapes some reaching large - The lining epithelium is low cuboidal to flattened. - Traversing fibroconnective tissue bands. - Focal stromal fibrosis and areas of fresh and old hemorrhages. - Focal stromal calcifications and cholesterol clefts.

MODULE 15- ENDOCRINE SYSTEM (PATHOLOGY)

2. Toxic goiter, Thyroid (page109) Section in thyroid gland showing: - Numerous follicles of varying sizes and shapes most of which are small. - The lining epithelium is hyperplastic and shows occasional papillary formation. - Some of the follicles are empty and others are filled with pale staining colloid showing peripheral scalloping. - The stroma in between the follicles shows numerous congested vascular spaces and focal lymphocytic infiltration.

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3. Hashimoto thyroiditis, thyroid (page 110) Section in thyroid gland showing: - Thyroid follicles mostly of small size. - The follicles are lined by epithelial cells showing abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and vesicular nuclei (Hurthle cells) - The surrounding stroma is infiltrated by numerous lymphocytes and plasma cells. - In areas, lymphoid follicle formation showing reactive germinal centers are detected.

MODULE 15- ENDOCRINE SYSTEM (PATHOLOGY)

4. Papillary Carcinoma of thyroid gland (page 113) Thyroid tissue infiltrated in one area by tumor tissue formed of: - Complex papillary fronds covered by carcinomatous cells showing crowded overlapping ground glass nuclei showing intranuclear inclusions. - Underlying fibrovascular connective tissue cores. - In areas, psammoma bodies are detected.