PROBLEM 10.

1
Determine the vertical force P which must be applied at G to maintain the equilibrium of the linkage.

SOLUTION

Assuming

yA
it follows

yC =

120 y A = 1.5 y A 80

yE = yC = 1.5 y A yD = yG =
Then, by Virtual Work 180 y A = 3 (1.5 y A ) = 4.5 y A 60

100 100 yA = (1.5 y A ) = 2.5 y A 60 60

U = 0:

( 300 N ) y A (100 N ) yD + P yG
300 450 + 2.5P = 0 P = +60 N

=0

300 y A 100 ( 4.5 y A ) + P ( 2.5 y A ) = 0

P = 60 N

PROBLEM 10.2
Determine the vertical force P which must be applied at G to maintain the equilibrium of the linkage.

SOLUTION
Link ABC Assume

clockwise
Then for point C

xC = ( 5 ) in.
Link DEFG and for point D

xD = xC = ( 5 ) in.
And for link DEFG

xD = 15
5 = 15 or Then
Now

1 3
4

2 in. G = 4 2 = 3

yG = G cos 45
4 2 cos 45 = 3 4 = in. 3

Then, by Virtual Work.

U = 0:

(80 lb in.) ( 40 lb ) xE ( in.) + P yG ( in.) = 0

10 4 80 40 + P = 0 3 3 or P = 40 lb

PROBLEM 10.3
Determine the couple M which must be applied to member DEFG to maintain the equilibrium of the linkage.

SOLUTION

Link ABC
Following the kinematic analysis of Problem 10.2, we have U = 0:

U = 0:
Link DEFG

(80 lb in.) ( 40 lb ) xE ( in.) + M

10 1 80 40 + M = 0 3 3

=0

or M = 160 lb in.

PROBLEM 10.4
Determine the couple M which must be applied to member DEFG to maintain the equilibrium of the linkage.

SOLUTION

Assuming

yA
it follows

yC =

120 y A = 1.5 y A 80

yE = yC = 1.5 y A yD =
180 y A = 3 (1.5 y A ) = 4.5 y A 60

=
Then, by Virtual Work:

yE
60

1.5 y A 1 = yA 60 40 =0

U = 0:

( 300 N ) y A (100 N ) yD + M

1 300 y A 100 ( 4.5 y A ) + M y A = 0 40 300 450 + M = + 6000 N mm 1 M =0 40

M = 6.00 N m

PROBLEM 10.5
An unstretched spring of constant 4 lb/in. is attached to pins at points C and I as shown. The pin at B is attached to member BDE and can slide freely along the slot in the fixed plate. Determine the force in the spring and the horizontal displacement of point H when a 20-lb horizontal force directed to the right is applied (a) at point G, (b) at points G and H.

SOLUTION
First note: xG = 3xD xG = 3 xD xH = 4 xD xH = 4 xD xI = 5 xD xI = 5 xD (a) Virtual Work or

U = 0: FG xG FSP xI = 0

( 20 lb )( 3 xD ) FSP ( 5 xD ) = 0
thus, FSP = 12.00 lb T FSP = k xI 12.00 lb = ( 4 lb/in.) xI xI = 3 in.

Now or Thus, and

xD =
x H = =

1 1 xH = xI 4 5 4 xI 5 4 ( 3 in.) 5 or xH = 2.40 in.

(b) Virtual Work: or

U = 0: FG xG + FH xH FSP xI = 0

( 20 lb )( 3 xD ) + ( 20 lb )( 4 xD ) FSP ( 5 xD ) = 0
thus, FSP = 28.0 lb T FSP = k xI 28.0 lb = ( 4 lb/in.) xI xI = 7 in. xH = = 4 xI 5 4 ( 7 in.) 5 or xH = 5.60 in.

Now or Thus, From part (a)

PROBLEM 10.6
An unstretched spring of constant 4 lb/in. is attached to pins at points C and I as shown. The pin at B is attached to member BDE and can slide freely along the slot in the fixed plate. Determine the force in the spring and the horizontal displacement of point H when a 20-lb horizontal force directed to the right is applied (a) at point E, (b) at points D and E.

SOLUTION
First note: xG = 3xD xG = 3 xD xH = 4 xD xH = 4 xD xI = 5 xD xI = 5 xD (a) Virtual Work: or

U = 0: FE xE FSP xI = 0

( 20 lb )( 2 xD ) FSP ( 5 xD ) = 0
thus, FSP = 8.00 lb T FSP = k xI 8.00 lb = ( 4 lb/in.) xI xI = 2 in.

Now or Thus, And

xD =
xH = =

1 1 xH = xI 4 5 4 xI 5 4 ( 2 in.) 5 or xH = 1.600 in.

(b) Virtual Work: or

U = 0: FD xD + FE xE FSP xI = 0

( 20 lb ) xD + ( 20 lb )( 2 xD ) FSP ( 5 xD ) = 0
thus, FSP = 12.00 lb T

PROBLEM 10.6 CONTINUED

Now or Thus, From part (a) xH = = FSP = k xI 12.00 lb = ( 4 lb/in.) xI xI = 3 in. 4 xI 5 4 ( 3 in.) 5 or xH = 2.40 in.

PROBLEM 10.7
Knowing that the maximum friction force exerted by the bottle on the cork is 300 N, determine (a) the force P which must be applied to the corkscrew to open the bottle, (b) the maximum force exerted by the base of the corkscrew on the top of the bottle.

SOLUTION
From sketch y A = 4 yC Thus, (a) Virtual Work:

y A = 4 yC

U = 0: P y A F yC = 0
P= F = 300 N: P = 1 F 4 1 ( 300 N ) = 75 N 4

P = 75.0 N
(b) Free body: Corkscrew Fy = 0: R + P F = 0 R + 75 N 300 N = 0

R = 225 N

PROBLEM 10.8
The two-bar linkage shown is supported by a pin and bracket at B and a collar at D that slides freely on a vertical rod. Determine the force P required to maintain the equilibrium of the linkage.

SOLUTION

Assume Have Since bar CD moves in translation

yA yC =
160 yA 320 or

yC =

1 yA 2

yE = yF = yC
or Virtual Work:

y E = yF =

1 yA 2

U = 0: P y A + ( 400 N ) yE + ( 600 N ) yF = 0
1 1 P y A + ( 400 N ) y A + ( 600 N ) y A = 0 2 2 or P = 500 N

P = 500 N

PROBLEM 10.9
The mechanism shown is acted upon by the force P; derive an expression for the magnitude of the force Q required for equilibrium.

SOLUTION
Virtual Work: Have x A = 2l sin

x A = 2l cos
and yF = 3l cos

yF = 3l sin
Virtual Work:

U = 0: Q x A + P yF = 0
Q ( 2l cos ) + P ( 3l sin ) = 0 Q= 3 P tan 2

PROBLEM 10.10
Knowing that the line of action of the force Q passes through point C, derive an expression for the magnitude of Q required to maintain equilibrium

SOLUTION
Have y A = 2l cos ; CD = 2l sin ; 2 Virtual Work:

y A = 2l sin ( CD ) = l cos
2

U = 0: P y A Q ( CD ) = 0 P ( 2l sin ) Q l cos = 0 2
Q = 2P sin cos ( /2 )