RESEARCH PROCESS RESEARCH AREA RESEARCH TOPIC

Paper 3.1 Doing Research

My topic name is research area and research topic. In the paper three important sections described. They are research process, research area and research topic. Second section of research are three sub points mentioned, they are research in literature, research in language and third is new horizons and last point is conclusion and references.

INDEX
Sr. No. 1 2 3 4 Topic Introduction Research process Flow- chart of Research process Research are Research in literature Research in language 5 6 7 8 New Horizons Selecting Topic Selecting of Research Topic / problem Conclusion Bibliography Page No. 3 4 6 7 8 8 9 10 11 12 13

RESEARCH PROCESS, RESEARCH AND RESEARCH TOPIC

Research is a systematic and objective inquiry, in some field of knowledge.

INTRODUCTION :
Research is the result of mans deep urge to learn, to know to satisfy his thirst for knowledge about this world, especially in particular field of scholarship. Writing is a hard task and has to be learnt in stages in crediting a point of view just because it has been put forth by a person he knows closely. This is true to any subject, whether it pertains to the sciences or the arts. The discovery has to be presented clearly using the correct format accepted in the field of Research. If a researcher fails to correct a few mistakes in advertently, he may be excused but apthay or indifference is never forgiven. Research also gives good practice in reading books with a critical eye. Sometimes a few printed sources might appear equally acceptable. But some of the readings may turn out to be outdate, prejudiced or lacking in knowledge. Again there may be violent disagreement among some of the critics. All these problems have to be given deep consideration has to be done impartially, avoiding may be prepared with the help of few popular books and recent articles on the subject but writing a Research thesis is certainly not an exercise of this kind. In depth analysis, careful, intelligent approach of points of view and objective treatment are the hallmarks of a Research paper.

RESEARCH PROCESS
Research process means all the activities that take place from the beginning to the end of the Research work. It consists of a series of steps necessary to carry out the Research work effectively. However, these steps are not separate and may not occur in a logical sequence. The steps which from the Research process may be stated as follows : The first step of the Research process is the formulation of a general topic into a specific Research problem. The researcher has to single out a problem which he wants to study. He should understand it and ten rephrase it in to meaningful terms. For this purpose he can consult his guide or discuss it with his colleagues. Once the problem is formulated, the researcher should write a brief summary of it. For example : For a Ph.D. degree, the researcher has to write a synopsis and submit it to the committee. In this state, the researcher has to undertake extensive literature survey connected with the research problem. He should read journals bibliographies and related books. After extensive literature survey the researcher has no state the working (tentative) hypothesis. After stating the hypothesis, the researcher prepares a research design. Then the researcher determines a sample design. The next important state in the research process is collection of the data. The next task of the research students is to analyze the data. After analyzing the data, the researcher arrives at generalizations which help him to built a theory. If the hypothesis is not stated, the findings are explained on the basis of some theory. It is known as interpretation.
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Finally, the researcher prepares the report (or thesis) of what has been done by him. It should be written carefully. Generally, it has the following parts : i. ii. iii. iv. Introduction Summary of findings, Main report, Conclusion

At the end, appendices are enlisted and bibliography is given.

Thus, the research process goes through various stages. They may be stated in a flow-chart as given below : Defining the research problem

Review of Literature

Formulating Hypothesis

Research Design

Collecting Data

Analyzing data (Testing Hypothesis)

Generalizing & Interpretation

Writing report of Thesis

RESEARCH AREA
Before starting the actual work of Research, the researcher needs to think of the area from which he has to select his/her Research topic. The knowledge of the area of Research is essential for several reasons. First, it is useful for a Research student to decide his topic for research. Secondly, it provides scope for comparison. Thirdly, it gives the Researcher a suitable perspective of what others have done in the area. Forthly, it helps us to avoid duplication of studies. As far as literary Research is concerned, the area of Research becomes vast. An accurate map of the areas of Research in literature and language is almost impossible. However, the following framework will suffice our purposes.

1) Research in Literature : i. ii. iii. a) b) c) d) e) f) iv. v. vi. vii. a) b) c) d) e) f) Forms of literature. Literary theories or critical concepts. Interpretation of literary works : Thematic Style Vision studies Folk literature Specific approach Textual or bibliographical study History of literature Translations : (Literatures in translation) Indian writing : (Literatures in translation) Literature in English American Literature British Literature Canadian Literature Australian Literature African Literature Caribbean Literature

(The terms may very like common-wealth Literature or colonial Literature etc.) 2) Research in Language : i. ii. iii. iv. Phonetics, phonology and philology. Vocabulary, grammar and structure. Growth and decay of language or its script. Dialect
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v. vi.

Language teaching methods. Linguistics and other disciplines.

3) New Horizons : i. ii. iii. iv. v. vi. Comparative literature Interdisciplinary studies Diasporic literature Reception and influence studies Reader response theories Towards National and World Literature.

This attempt to encompass all the areas of research in any literature or language may not be very scientific or accurate but it is useful for our practical purpose. The knowledge of areas of research is necessary for several reasons. It is very useful for a research student to select or rather decide his topic for research. It widens our horizon of literary activity. It provides scope for comparison and for interdisciplinary studies. It helps to understand and plan the growth of our language and literature. It provides us some criteria form our language policy. It gives us just perspective of what others have done in the field and where we stand in comparison. Its practical use is to avoid duplication of studies or research in a limited circle.

SELECTING A TOPIC
Research is undertaken in order to help or be of use to others. It is usually an answer to some unanswered problems in the area of study. It is a response to some prevalent opinion one of the best ways of choosing a theme then, is to listen to such problems discussed by others in seminars and paper-reading sessions. It mere listening is not adequate to understand the requirement a scholar may ask other about it. If a topic provides an answer for a deficiency that other thinkers have already spoken of, it is good title for research. Consulting teachers will be a very fruitful experience because they come across more question and answers in their experience than their students. The classroom teaching gives the impression that all the questions possible in the subject have already been answered. This is specially there in the case of humanities. The researcher must realize be edited and many important problems of theory need in-depth study and research. The imaginative patterns of twentieth century novelists, their sources and their linguistic and theoretical developments provide a wide range of research opportunities. Gradual development of recent theatrical texts, radio and television dram are excellent sources for analysis, especially when the study is based in part on taped interviews with the writer, procedure and acting community. Another pitfall to be avoided to be to record ones personal impression to prove that a writer who has stood the test of time, is really great. Research is about what is not known or the right analysis of something that has been misunderstood hitherto.

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SELECTION OF RESEARCH TOPIC / PROBLEM

If one works on such themes, the researchers enthusiasm tends to wane as the work progresses especially because one has to dissect a work of art to analyze it and the discoveries may be disheartening, cooling the enthusiasm one had for the writer in the beginning. Research is undertaken to help others. It is an answer to an unsolved problem in a particular area of study. So the topic (problem) should be selected with proper thinking. The researcher should visit the library regularly and see whether sufficient work as been done on the chosen topic to qualify for research. The researcher should also see whether relevant source materials are easily available on the topic. The topic chosen should be that the scholar is slightly familiar with and wishes to know more about it. Similarly, the topic should be one which needs several sources for the completion of the research work. However, it should not to be too visit to be managed within a thesis.

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CONCLUSION
Thus, research topic and research are is one of the important and first step of research process. After selecting research area and research topic then we start to write a research paper.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY
www.google.com Methodology of Research Process (Handbook) Notes Based on latest syllabus of MA (Eng.) Doing Research New and revised notes Pune University By Prof. Dr. Ashish Versha Prakashan

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