INTRODUCTION

Air conditioning is the cooling of indoor air for thermal comfort. In a broader sense, the term can refer to any form of cooling, heating, ventilation, or disinfection that modifies the condition of air.

An air conditioner (often referred to as AC or air con.) is an appliance, system, or machine designed to stabilize the air temperature and humidity within an area (used for cooling as well as heating depending on the air properties at a given time), typically using a refrigeration cycle but sometimes using evaporation, commonly for comfort cooling in buildings and motor vehicles.

The concept of air conditioning is known to have been applied in Ancient Rome, where aqueduct water was circulated through the walls of certain houses to cool them. Similar techniques in medieval Persia involved the use of cisterns and wind towers to cool buildings during the hot season.

Modern air conditioning emerged from advances in chemistry during the 19th century, and the first large-scale electrical air conditioning was invented and used in 1902 by Willis Carrier

Air conditioning

Inventor

:-

Willis Carrier 1902 Worldwide

Launch year :Available :-

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In a nutshell air conditioning is the control of the different air properties within a space, such as an office, warehouse, shop or home. These properties include temperature, humidity, air speed, and the cleanliness of the air, which involves controlling the amount of dust and other contaminants.

You can have air conditioning fitted in most buildings these days, from schools and offices to shops and industrial buildings, while a growing number of people are also buying air conditioning systems for their homes.

An air conditioning device draws in outside air, filters it, then heats, cools or humidifies it before circulating it around the building, forcing the poor air back outside.

BENEFITS

There are three main advantages to having air conditioning fitted in your home, office, workplace, shop or other leisure space, and these are:

The air conditioning system helps to maintain a comfortable temperature Air conditioning provides fresh air for the buildings occupants The air conditioning system can remove contaminants from the air, in particular, body odour

FUNCTIONS

These days most air conditioning units have two functions heating - cooling

And they can be easily changed from one to the other depending on the kind of air you want in the building that day. Obviously in winter the thermostat will probably be turned higher so that warm air seeps into the room, while in the summer this will be

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replaced with air that is cooler than the rooms temperature to help keep everyone cool.

In larger buildings, such as supermarkets, warehouses and office blocks, it is probably more cost effective to have a permanent air conditioning system installed that can work as a heating device in the winter and a cooling device in the summer, smaller rooms and homes will probably make better use of mobile air conditioning units instead of fixed ones.

Refrigeration

Refrigeration is the process of removing heat from an enclosed space, or from a substance, and moving it to a place where it is unobjectionable. The primary purpose of refrigeration is lowering the temperature of the enclosed space or substance and then maintaining that lower temperature. The term cooling refers generally to any natural or artificial process by which heat is dissipated. The process of artificially producing extreme cold temperatures is referred to as cryogenics.

Cold is the absence of heat, hence in order to decrease a temperature, one "removes heat", rather than "adding cold." In order to satisfy the Second Law of Thermodynamics, some form of work must be performed to accomplish this. This work is traditionally done by mechanical work but can also be done by magnetism, laser or other means.

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TYPES OF AIR CONDITIONERS

Window Air Conditioner Split Air Conditioner Packaged Air Conditioner System Central Air Conditioning

Window Air Conditioner Window air conditioner is the most commonly used air conditioner for single rooms. In this air conditioner all the components, namely the compressor, condenser, expansion valve or coil, evaporator and cooling coil are enclosed in a single box. This unit is fitted in a slot made in the wall of the room, or often a window sill.

Split Air Conditioner The split air conditioner comprises of two parts: the outdoor unit and the indoor unit. The outdoor unit, fitted outside the room, houses components like the compressor, condenser and expansion valve. The indoor unit comprises the evaporator or cooling coil and the cooling fan. For this unit you dont have to make any slot in the wall of the room. Further, the present day split units have aesthetic looks and add to the beauty of the room. The split air conditioner can be used to cool one or two rooms.

Packaged Air Conditioner Packaged air conditioner: An HVAC designer will suggest this type of air conditioner if you want to cool more than two rooms or a larger space at your home or office. There are two possible arrangements with the package unit. In the first one, all the components, namely the compressor, condenser (which can be air cooled or water cooled), expansion valve and evaporator are housed in a single box. The cooled air is thrown by the high capacity blower, and it flows through the ducts laid through various rooms. In the second arrangement, the compressor and condenser are housed in one casing. The compressed gas passes through individual units, comprised of the expansion valve and cooling coil, located in various rooms.

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System Central Air Conditioning

Central air conditioning system: The central air conditioning system is used for cooling big buildings, houses, offices, entire hotels, gyms, movie theaters, factories etc. If the whole building is to be air conditioned, HVAC engineers find that putting individual units in each of the rooms is very expensive initially as well in the long run.

The central air conditioning system is comprised of a huge compressor that has the capacity to produce hundreds of tons of air conditioning. Cooling big halls, malls, huge spaces, galleries etc is usually only feasible with central conditioning units.

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INDUSTRY PROFILE

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INDUSTRY PROFILE

The development of air conditioning and refrigeration started in the early days with the need to preserve foods. Foods that are kept at room temperature spoil easily due to the growth of bacteria. At temperature below 4 C (40 F), the growth of bacteria is reduced rapidly. As a result of the development in food refrigeration, other applications that follows include air conditioning, humidity control and

manufacturing processes.

The discovery of the principles of the absorption type of refrigeration in 1824 showed that liquefied ammonia could chill air when it is allowed to evaporate. Ice was created using compressor technology in the year 1842 by a physician named John Gorrie .

The commercially available of air conditioning applications started based on the need to cool air for industrial processes than for personal comfort. The first electrical air conditioning was invented by Willis Haviland Carrier in the year 1902.

He was also known as the Father of Modern Air Conditioning. His invention was designed to improve the manufacturing process of a printing plant. By controlling the temperature and humidity of the plant, the processes were made more efficient as the paper size and the ink allignment were consistently maintained.

The Carrier Air Conditioning Company of America was established by him to meet the demand of better productivity in the workplace.

Today, Carrier Corporation is the biggest air conditioner manufacturer and marketing corporation in the world in central air conditioning.

The discovery of Freon in 1928 by Thomas Midgley, Jr., a safer refrigerant to humans compared to the toxic and flammable gases such as ammonia, propane and methyl chloride sparks the invention of air conditioning systems for residential, industrial and commercial applications.

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Unfortunately, the use of CFC and HCFC refrigerants are causing the depletion of ozone layer in our atmosphere that is causing harmful rays to penetrate our earth.

Newer ozone friendly refrigerants have been developed to replace refrigerants such as R-11, R-12 and R-22 to name a few. Non-ozone depletion refrigerant such as R410a has been used in newer air conditioning systems.

AC manufacturers that are profound in India:

Carrier LG India Samsung India Voltas AC India Godrej Bluestar India Onida Hitachi

Air Conditioner and Refrigeration

1820 Ice was first artificially made as an experiment. 1824 Michael Faraday discovered the principles for the absorption type of refrigeration.

1834 Jacob Perkins invented the first artificial ice manufacturing machine which led to our modern compression systems.

1902 Willis Haviland Carrier invented the first air conditioner to control the temperature and humidity of a printing company, marking the first time effort taken to control the temperature of the surroundings. This starts the history of air conditioning.

1906 Stuart W. Cramer come out with the term "Air Conditioning." which was later adopted by Carrier.

1913 The first international refrigeration expo is held in Chicago. 1928 The discovery of Freon refrigerant by Thomas Midgley, Jr. 1930 The White House is air-conditioned.
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1946 The demand for room air conditioners began to increase with more than 30,000 units produced on this year.

1953 Room air conditioners sale exceed 1 million units. This is another key milestone in the history of air conditioner.

1953 The Refrigeration Equipment Manufacturers Association and The AirConditioning and Refrigerating Machinery Association are formed.

1957 The first rotary compressor was developed hence making air conditioning units smaller and more efficient compared to the reciprocating type.

1977 Heat Pumps equipments developed that allows cooling and heating cycle using the same machine that can be used to provide cooling during summer and heating during winter.

1987 Montreal Protocol signed to protect the earth's ozone layer is signed in Montreal, Canada. The Protocol establishes international cooperation on the phase out of ozone depleting substances, including the chlorofluorocarbon(CFC) refrigerants used in HVAC equipments.

1990 Microprocessor control systems are used in all areas of refrigeration and air conditioning due to the readily available semiconductor technology.

1992 The R-22 Alternative Refrigeration Evaluation Program (AREP) starts to find alternative refrigerants to R-502 and R-22.

1995 Chloroflourocarbon (CFC) manufacturing in the USA ends on December 31. 1997 Kyoto Protocol signed to protect the earth's climate by reducing greenhouse gases that cause climate change.

1998 Unitary air conditioners and heat pumps set a sale record of more than 6 million units.

2007 A State Council issued a circular to restrict the temperature of air conditioning in public buildings to 26C (78F) or higher during summer and 20C (68&decF) and lower during winter. Sale of low efficiency air conditioning units are also outlawed

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COMPANY PROFILE

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INTRODUCTION

KNND

associates

pvt

. Ltd.

Is

authorized

dealers

for :- Carrier

Airconditioning & /Inverters

Refrigeration ltd. And

Toshiba conditioners/VRV-System

KNND associates pvt. Ltd . was started in year 1997.

KNND Vision:

To be recognized as the dealer in every segment we operate in by: Being customer focused in everything we do and following ACE diligently Delivering best in class quality in the product as well as aftermarket service Being environmentally conscious in areas of energy efficiency and pollution Establishing a performance culture that respects human values & team work Remaining embedded in our core values of EH&S and ethics

LOCATION

KNND associates private limited operates its business through its Branches KNND company holding their main Regional office in Bangalore.

. The

Corporate office

Company Name : Managing Director : Residential and light commercial Address 1 : EAST END MAIN ROAD City :

KNND ASSOCIATES PVT LTD MR. NAGARAJ Segment :

KNND HOUSE #153 - 166/1 Address 2 :

BANGALORE Pin Code :560078 STD Code : 080 Telephone 1 : Email 26588870 - 75, 9845595102 :info@knndassociates

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When Willis Carrier invented the first system for manufactured weather in 1902, he sparked an industry that revolutionized the way in which we live, work and play. From that defining moment and through to the present day Carrier has been a company built on a legacy of innovation. For more than a century, our research, expertise and forethought have resulted in market-leading innovations and firsts that have shaped and defined the heating, air conditioning and refrigeration industry. Through our history of product excellence and committed customer service, we have evolved into a global company serving millions of people and businesses in 172 countries on six continents around the world.

Carrier started its operations in India with setting up of companies namely Carrier Aircon Limited in 1986, and Carrier Refrigeration Private Limited in 1992. Carrier brought to the Indian consumer, access to advanced technology and air-conditioning and refrigeration products from the worldwide product portfolio of Carrier. In October, 2006, Carrier Aircon merged with Carrier Refrigeration and the name of the merged entity was changed to Carrier Air conditioning & Refrigeration Limited (Carrier India).

The Company has built a strong distribution network on a platform of partnership and trust. The Company boasts of a strong network of over 590 sales and service dealers and 1000 distributors and retailers. The cornerstone of the Companys distribution is the Willis Carrier Club Dealer (WCCD).

KNND comes under the Willis Carrier Club Dealer (WCCD).

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Which is involved in the process of making a product or service available for use or consumption by a consumer or business user. The distribution channel

Chain of intermediaries

, each passing the product down the chain to the next

organization, before it finally reaches the consumer or end-user.... This process is known as the 'distribution chain' or the 'channel.' Each of the elements in these chains will have their own specific needs, which the producer must take into account, along with those of the all-important end-user

If we mention in a single sentence the distribution channel is nothing but it is a process of transfer the products or services from Producer to Customer or end user.

Channel decisions

Channel strategy Gravity & Gravity Push and Pull strategy Product (or service) Cost Consumer location

Managerial concerns The channel decision is very important. In theory at least, there is a form of trade-off: the cost of using intermediaries to achieve wider distribution is supposedly lower. Indeed, most consumer goods manufacturers could never justify the cost of selling direct to their consumers, except by mail order. Many suppliers seem to assume that once their product has been sold into the channel, into the beginning of the distribution chain, their job is finished. Yet that distribution chain is merely assuming a part of the supplier's responsibility. This may involve a number of decisions on the part of the supplier:

Channel membership Channel motivation Monitoring and managing channels

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In the Market Place KNND serves one market:

Residential and light commercial: Homes and small facilities, We supply furnaces, central air conditioners, heat pumps, air filters, window units, split systems and other home comfort solutions.

KNND associates pvt. Ltd. is also dealers for Toshiba air conditioners and inverters . Toshiba was founded by the merging of two companies in 1939. One, Tanaka Seizosho (Tanaka Engineering Works), was Japan's first manufacturer of telegraph equipment and was established by Hisashige Tanaka in 1875. The second company, Hakunetsusha, was established in 1890 and was Japan's first producer of incandescent electric lamps. It diversified into the manufacture of other consumer products and in 1899 was renamed Tokyo Denki (Tokyo Electric).

Toshiba Corporation

Type Industry

Public Conglomerate Computer Systems Computer Peripherals Semiconductors

Founded Headquarters

1939 (merging) Minato, Tokyo, Japan

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PRODUT PROFILE

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Each of us leads a unique life and so has unique needs. KNND ASSOCIATES PVT.LTD offers a range of products and invites you to choose the one that suits you best.

As we all know KNND is dealer of CARRIER and TOSHIBA air conditioners, so they have following product line.

WINDOW AC HI WALL DUCTED SLIMPACK CASSETTE PACKAGED AC DIGITAL SCROLL

DIGITAL INVERTER MULTI -SYSTEM MiNi-SMMS

PRODUCT LINE ARE AS FOLLOWS :-

Window AC GenX Range Durakool Range Estrella Range

Details:GenX Range Gen X1 Gen X2

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GEN X1 Capacity Classification - 1.5/2.0 Ton Smile with powerful cooling with Carrier GenX Range of Energy Efficient Air conditioners .

Key Features

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GEN X2

Capacity Classification - 1.5/2.0 Ton Smile with powerful cooling with Carrier GenX Range of Energy Efficient Airconditioners. Key Features

Durakool Electromech

Capacity Classification - 1.5/2.0 Ton Smile with advanced features with Carrier Durakool Range of Energy Efficient air conditioners

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Key Features

Durakool Electronic

Capacity Classification - 1.5/2.0 Ton Smile with advanced features with Carrier Durakool Range of Energy Efficient Airconditioners. Key Features

Hi Wall

Durakool Range Durakool Plus Range Durakool Star Range Estrella Range

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Durakool Range

Capacity Classification - 1.0/1.5/2.0 Ton Smile with powerful cooling with Carrier Durakool Range of Energy Efficient Airconditioners.

Key Features

Durakool Plus Range

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Capacity Classification - 1.0/1.5/2.0 Ton Smile with sleek aesthetics with Carrier Durakool Plus Range of Energy Efficient Airconditioners. Key Features

Durakool Star Range

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Capacity Classification - 1.0/1.5/2.0 Ton Smile with higher energy efficiency with Carrier Durakool Star Range of Energy Efficient Airconditioners.

Key Features

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Estrella

Capacity Classification - 1.0/1.5/2.0 Ton Smile with advanced filtration technology with Carrier Estrella Range of Energy Efficient Airconditioners.

Key Features

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DUCTED ROTARY/RECIP RANGE

Available in 3.0,4.0,5.0,7.5 Ton Classification

Key Features

Value For Money Range. Multiple compressor results in over 30% power saving Dual Sine Wave Fin Pattern. Easy Operation & Maintenance.

DUCTED SCROLL RANGE

Available in 5.5,8.5,11.0,17.0 Ton Classification\

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Key Features

Installation Friendly Design. Expansion Valve. Liquid Cum Moisture Indicators. High Pressure Cut Out. Over/ Under Voltage Protection.

Cassette

Available in 1.5,2.0,3.0,4.0 Ton Classification

Key Features

Easy in Installation. Silent Operation. High Efficiency & Energy Saving. Hydrophyilic Aluminium Fins. Easy Operation & Maintenance. LCD Remote Control.

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Packaged AC

Available in 11 and 17 Ton Classification The package unit houses the Scroll Compressor, the best technology that guarantees high volumatric efficiency and low friction losses. It gives a wide range of comfort features especially suited for Indian conditions like wide operating voltage, silent operation, economical running and unmatched reliability

Key Features MICROPROCESSOR CONTROLLER DISPLAY This remote panel has four digits, seven segment display and seven LEDs to give full status of the machine.

LED COMP1 and COMP2 are used to indicate current display status LED MODE is to display mode of the machine in which it is running (FAN/COOL) .

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Digital Scroll

Carrier's all new XPOWER Digital Flexi - Digital Scroll. Airconditioning System , gives you the power to use it the way you want it . Thereby , giving you the advantage of Flexible Applications , Installation , Line-Up , Selection and Control .

Key Features , ,

DIGITAL INVERTER

Key features: Flexible control Easy installation Optimum comfort Energy saving

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MULTI SYSTEM

Key features : Easy installation Small unit big advantages Flexibility

MINI SMMS

Toshiba MiNi-SMMS Air Conditioning lets you cool as many as single outdoor unit. The 4, 5, and 6 HP compact apartments , houses and light commercial space.

9 rooms with a

multi outdoor units are ideal for

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ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE

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Introduction

Organizational structure is the skeleton of the organization. It prescribes the formal relationship among various position and the activities. Arrangements about reporting, relationship, how an organization member is to communicate with other members, what roles and procedures exist to guide the various activities performed by the members of all the parts of the Organizational structure.

Organizational structure plays a vital role in achieving the organizational goals. So, Organizational structure should be properly designed to facilitate the smooth functioning of the organization. Organizational structure of KNND consists of BODs at the top. Then President, under president, Managing Director who is the superior authority and he is the person who is responsible for smooth functioning of the organization. After Managing Director there are managers and Deputy Managers of various departments who are responsible and accountable for the activities of their respective departments. Under that there are subordinates, supervisors and employees who are directly linked with department managers. Strength of the gun flows from its barrel, goes the saying. Just the same the organizations, any for that matter, are made up of people. e or the arrangement of people in a meaningful fashion and it is through their endeavors, that an organization achieves excellence through the accomplishment of its goals, vision and mission. The organizational structure of KNND ASSOCIATES PRIVATE LIMITED is shown in Figure.

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Levels of Management

As in other organization, KNND also has divided its management into categories are as follows :1. Top-level management. 2. Middle Level management. 3. Operational Level management.

three

1 Top-Level management.

The top level management consists of Board of Directors, President and Managing Director. They are concerned in determining policies, plans and procedures of the union.

2 Middle Level management.

It consists of various Departmental Managers like Marketing Manager, finance Manager etc., they are more concerned about their respective department operation. Each department takes decisions regarding the day-to-day activities and they will report to the top-level management periodically.

3 Operational Level management.

It consists of employees at the shop floor, who work under the guidance of the top and middle management.

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ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

Board of Directors

Chairman

Managing Director General Manager

Marketing Manager

Finance Manager

Personal & Administrative Manager

Project Manager

Exim Manager

Accountant

Internal Auditor Receptionist Typist Attendors Stenographer Clerk Drivers

Clerks

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FUNCTIONAL DEPARTMENTS

1. Personnel & Administrative Departments

2. Marketing Department

3. Finance Department

4. Project Department

5. EXIM Department

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PERSONNEL & ADMINISTRATIVE DEPARTMENT Structure of Human Resource Department

Managing Director

General Manager HR Administrative Cum Personnel Officer

Clerks

The success of an organization is heavily depending upon the contribution made by employees as they perform the various tasks to which they are assigned. Personnel management functions Include planning, organizing, directing and controlling of the Procurement, development, compensation, integration and Maintenance and separation of human resources to the end that Individual, organization and social objectives are accomplished. Administrative cum personnel officer (APO) is in charge of the Human Resource Department. Personnel and administrative Manager heads Department of KNND. The Administrative Manager is responsible for the manpower planning, Recruitment, selection, training, compensation, performance appraisal, and maintenance of discipline and formulating personnel polices. He is also responsible for convening board meeting, correspondence with government and non-government organizations etc.

Functions of HR department To make harmonious relationship with employees Recruitment Selection Performance appraisal Job analysis Contact board meeting

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Policies and objectives: To integrate the growth opportunity of the execution with The fulfillment of the companys objectives. To identify training and development competent personnel with the growth potential and to provide a policy environment for high level of performance.

To provide a system of equality in opportunity, equality in assessment and uniformity in implementation in all the units. To ensure continuity of the management by the systematic succession.

MANPOWER PLANNING Manpower planning is a process of determining and assuring that organization will have an adequate number of qualified personnel. KNND adopt a systematic manpower planning approach undertakes inventory and auditing of manpower

resources. KNND formulates its requirement plans to fulfill the vacancies in the organization. TOTAL NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES: 1600 NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES AT THE OFFICE: 61

JOB ANALYSIS It is the process of collecting job related information. In KNND, job analysis is done on the basis of the basis of performance appraisal.

RECRUITMENT POLICY OF KNND Recruitment is the process of finding and attracting capable applicants for employment. The process begins when new recruits are sought and ends when their applicants are submitted. The result is a pool of applicants from which new

employees are selected. In KNND, first part of the recruitment policy is plan the manpower as per recruitment and identify which type of manpower is needed.

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After analyzing the manpower recruitment the General Manager sends the manpower needs to the personnel and administrative manager for recruitment and selection. Then the post is notified and advertised applications are received by the organizations and short list is prepared from that applications. In certain category KNND will conduct written test and interview. After conducting the interview those qualified are selected.

Source of recruitment

In general, source of manpower supply can be classified into two categories. That is internal and external.

Internal Source of Recruitment:-

Recruitment of process within the organization itself that is vacancies other than the lower level are filled by promoting the personnel to the higher level.

External Source of Recruitment

The sources of recruitment are adopted by KNND through advertisement in news papers, recruitment at gate, sometimes through employees recommendation.

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Recruitment process of KNND

Advertisement Application

Scrutinize Shortlist

Interview Rank list

SELECTION Selection is comprehensive item of either choosing the qualified person or rejecting the unit or unsuitable candidate.

In KNND, selection process:1. For middle managers selection test, screening interviews are conducted. Test is conducted by outside agency based on certain criteria. 2. For high level managers like General Managers, direct interviews are made by Board of Directors. 3. For low level employees open requirement and selection are made.

ORIENTATION It is the process of introducing a new employee to the organization and the organization to the employee by providing him relevant information.

PLACEMENT After the completion of orientation programme the new employees are placed at the jobs which lit with them. Placement is essentially a process of matching jobs and individuals and placement occurs when a job is assigned to an individual. After all formalities are completed the candidates are placed on their job, initially on probation

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basis.The probation period of KNND, may range from 3 months to 1 year. They are observed keenly and if satisfied, they are appointed, otherwise rejected. The process can be shown below
Manpower Planning

Recruitment

Selection

Placement

TRAINING Training is the act of increasing the knowledge and skill of an employee for doing a particular job. Training is an organize producer for increasing the knowledge and skill of the employee for the better performance of the job. KNND adopt on the job training. In KNND employee get one week awareness class and six month on the job training at the factory. One week orientation class is given for marketing people and other managerial people. Periodic classes and seminars are oriented for refreshing or improving their skills and advantage. During this period they are entitled to the P.F, ESI benefits and other benefits.

PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL Performance appraisal is a systematic evaluation of personnel by superior or others familiar with their performance. Here it is done on the basis of monthly performance of the workers. Appraisal is done on two criteria. They are, behavioral traits and work attitude. Salary gets on the basis of performance and attendance of the employees. If the employee worked in less performance they will give adequate training. KNND using the grading method for measuring the performance of the workers.

Wages and salary administration In KNND the managers analyze and interpret the needs of the employees so that reward can be individually designed to satisfy their

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needs. Here the staff, officers, managers etc are paid salary. The wage/salary system which KNND follows is the time rate system. Here salary means Basic pay + DA + HRA as per government rules.

COMMUNICATION

Communication implies exchange information and understanding among people. Effective communication is important for managers in organizations to perform their basic functions of planning, organizing, leading and controlling. KNND follow freely communication between employees and managers. They maintain oral and written communication. They made communication through telephone, mail and face-to-face. It helps to solve all the official problems.

Benefits for employees

Statutory benefits including ESI, PF, Gratuity etc are provided to all the employees. The employees are required to contribute 1.75% of his basic salary and employees are required to contribute 4.75% towards ESI. The employees are required to contribute 12% of his basic salary and employees are required to contribute 12% towards PF.

Bonus

Bonus is usually paid during festival seasons. Bonus is fixed after the negotiation with the trade union. The company pays 8.33% of salary as bonus. For getting bonus they must have 240 days attendance minimum in a year.

Insurance

KNND offers insurance to its employees, for that KNND tie up with insurance company.

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Festival celebration Allowances

KNND celebrates festivals like Onam, Christmas etc. It provides festival advance to the workers apart from bonus during festival seasons.

FIRST AID Medical Facility

KNND keeps first aid facilities inside the premises, but there is no medical staff, the person is given full attendance and bills aid.

Welfare Activities

All the workers are entitled to benefits like employees state insurance, PF, festival advance, rest room, free transportation, shift room, canteen facilities, and labor welfare funds.

Labour welfare fund

Every employee should contribute Rs4/- towards the labour welfare funds twice in a year. Management should also contribute to the same.

Rest room facility

KNND provide clean and comfortable rest room facility for all employees.

Uniform

KNND provide uniform only to attenders at Head Office

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Working time

Working days ate from Monday to Saturday. Timing is from 9.30 am to 5.00 pm.

Leave attendance

KNND provide casual leave, earned leave, half day commuted leave to employees.

Promotion

In KNND, promotion is based on seniority, merit, and work performance.

Disciplinary Action

Each and every members of KNND has given a standing order regarding the rules and regulations of the company. Disciplinary actions are taken on the basis of Industrial Employment Act 1946.

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MARKETING DEPARTMENT Senior General Manager (Marketing)

Managing Director

Marketing Manager

Marketing Manager

Marketing Manager

Marketing Manager

Sales Manager

Asst. Sales Manager

Junior Sales Officer

Sales Executive

Sales Executive

Sales Executive

Marketing trainee

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MARKETING DEPARTMENT

Marketing consists of all the activities which create, promote and distribute products, services, It involves identifying, anticipating and satisfying customer needs and desires. It is the process of providing the right product of the right quality in the right quantity in the right place at the right time.

Marketing management consists of planning, organizing, directing, and controlling the activities related to the marketing of goods and services to satisfy the consumers wants. It aims at achieving organizational objectives by providing maximum satisfaction to customers.

The following factors are helpful to influence the customers to buy the products of KNND

Positioning

KNND has a great success in attaining a major position in the mind of customers.

Brand image

As the brand name assures certain quality by identifying the manufacturer behind the products, the brand image of the KNND also help in attracting, a lot of customers.

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SALES OF KNND ASSOCIATES PVT. LTD

KNND associates

Pvt. Ltd

markets the entire range of products of air

conditioning and refrigeration manufactured by CARRIER & TOSHIBA is promoted to spearhead the sales and marketing activities of KNND, entire range of product in the domestic and international market. KNND adopts full cost pricing strategy to the product that is marketed by them. Within a short span of its inception, KNND could effectively develop a deft, competent network domestically as well as globally and undertake the successful launch of CARRIER & TOSHIBA products. Apart from gathering market information and monitoring the supply chain system, this division is also responsible for monitoring and sustaining excellent customer relation.

PRINCIPLES AND POLICIES

Marketing Principles of KNND is to good marketing without any cheating. KNND mainly concentrated on customer satisfaction with high quality products.

The policies of KNND are to increasing sales and minimizing cost.

Marketing objectives of KNND

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

To sustain market leadership . Build strong brand image pull through effective media and campaign Strong retail representation using market spread and penetration Reducing collection period and comfortable cash availability. To ensure target achievements and specific objectives through CARRIER & TOSHIBA .

6.

Promotional calendar should be strictly followed for effective implementation of set objectives. Promotional activities are monitored by promotional calendar.

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MARKET PLAN

Each product level must develop a market plan for achieving its goal. It tells about main goal, current marketing situation, opportunity and issue analysis, objectives, strategy, action program and control.

In KNND marketing plans are prepared in each divisional marketing manager and it send to Senior Marketing Manger. He should coordinate and control all the marketing activity of each division.

Marketing Plan of KNND:-

Air conditioner & Refrigeration

New market They mainly focused on Southern market only. It leads to 100% capacity utilization. Karnataka, Goa Andhra Pradesh Mumbai and Delhi Tamil Nadu, pondi

The net work management of the entire state is fully not represented at the potential market.

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MARKET SEGMENT AND TARGET GROUP

Market segmentation is the process of dividing, grouping or classifying the entire market of total customer into different groups on the basis of certain variables such as age, sex, income, education etc

A company needed to identify the market segment that is it can serve more effectively while segmenting sellers distinguish the major markets segments, target one or more of those segments and develop products of marketing program tailored

to each. By doing this they can focus on the buyers. They have the greatest change of satisfying market segmentation is an effort to increase the companys precision marketing.

Market Segmentation At the primary level the division geographically segmented into two areas Home segment and Outside Segment.

Home segment consisting of the state Karnataka and out side segment consisting the all state of union of India .

Karnataka

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Segmentation and Target group

Air conditioner & refrigerator mainly segmented to home and government institution and other offices.

Product

Targetgroup

{ Split AC } Carrier- Estrella (2.0T) Carrier-Estrella (1.5T) Carrier-Estrella (1.0T) Carrier-SX1 (2.0T) Carrier-SX1 (1.5T) Carrier-SX1 (1.0T) Carrier-Durakool (2.0T) Carrier-Durakool (1.5T) Carrier-Durakool (1.0T) HIGH INCOME

{ Window AC }

GROUP

Carrier-DURAKOOL 2.0 Ton Manual Carrier- Estrella 1.5 Ton Carrier-DURAKOOL 2.0 Ton Remote Carrier-Gen X2 2.0 Ton

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PRODUT

TARGET GROUP

Carrier-DURAKOOL 1.5 Ton Remote Carrier-Gen X1 2.0 Ton Carrier-DURAKOOL 1.5 Ton Manual Carrier-Gen X2 Carrier-DURAKOOL X2 1.0 Ton Carrier-Gen X1 Carrier-DURAKOOL X1 1.0Ton GROUP ULTRA ELITE

Carrier-DURAKOOL X2 0.75Ton Carrier-DURAKOOL X1 0.75T

MIDDLE INCOME GROUP

KNND introduced new basis. Change in lifestyle Change of social life. Increase in per capital income

plan capturing the market according to the following

Schooling method and pattern of dress code Exposures to sports Fashion among women

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Customer service and customer relationship management

Customer refers to individual or households or that purchase goods and services generated within the economy. Customer relationship management is a multifaceted process mediated by a set of information technology that focuses on creating two-way exchanges with customers, so that firms have an intimate knowledge of their needs and buying patterns.

KNND provide a good customer relationship. If any defaults in any product ,directly enquire and replace it.

KNND maintaining customer relation through the following ways:KNND provide settlement of claims

1. Claim settlement 2. Expiry settlement 3. Quality of the products 4. Give guarantee for the products 5. Delay in setting the credit notes

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Structure of marketing channel outside

Managing director Marketing manager Area sales manager outside Kerala

Area manager outside karnataka

Area manager outside Karnataka

Area manager outside Karnataka will introduce all products to the four regions will conduct exhibitions, seminars etc wherever required. They are accountable to target achievement and controlling all activities in the assigned territory, report analysis etc will be functioning as a region head.

Sales procedure

KNND doing sales on the basis of order and sell the goods after collecting the amount

Promotion tool

KNND uses advertisements and sales promotion to capture the market.

Glow signboard:

It imposed display at high traffic areas, busy junctions etc. focus on to new markets impact to brand equity and growth.

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Press:

Print media advertisement is very effective media. KNND gives their advertisements in major dailies like Malayalam Manorama, Mathrubhumi, Desabhimani etc. outside KARNATAKA press advertisement is given through magazines like home appliances.

Visual media:

It is effective among urban area so it reaches target market instantly. They are giving T V advertisement mainly on festival season. Distributors do the selection of various channels for advertisement of CARRIER &TOSHIBA products outside Karnataka

4. Hoardings board and gantry advertisement

A couple of hoardings at metros and mini metros boot the brand equity at targeted group.

5. Exhibition and local festival

Participants at only one large gathering event in each state is to derive high impact.

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FINANCE DEPARTMENT

STRUTURE OF FINANCE DEPARTMENT

Finance manager Internet auditor Senior accountant Accountant

Accounting is collection and presentation of financial data. The financial manager uses these data fix financial decision making. The financial managers major responsibility relates to financial planning, controlling and decision-making. Financial department deals with sourcing and application of funds. Funds are generated from different souses and are used for different purposes. This department coordinates all balance sheet and profit and loss account of KNND associates pvt .ltd . In KNND the managing director shall be custodian of all the assets and records.

FUNCTIONS OF FINANCE DEPARTMENT BOOK KEEPING AND ACCOUNTING WORKS

Maintenance of voucher, bills, receipt, invoice etc Checking payment notes, bill supporting vouchers and attaching

payments.

MAINTENANCE OF CASH BOOK, BANK BOOK, ETC

Entering all the transaction in appropriate books of accounts and its

verification Monthly reconciliation of bank balance.

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MAINTAIN THE LEDGERS Main ledger Creditor ledger Debtor ledger Personal ledger

Financial year The financial year of the KNND begins from 1st April to 31st March of succeeding year.

SOURCES OF FUND

Share subscription and entrance fee Loans and other borrowings Deposits and advances Miscellaneous receipts Funds and reserves created out of profit.

Working capital

Working capital is the amount required for meeting day-to-day operations. Working capital is the excess of current assets over current liabilities. KNND uses bank finance as working capital.

Budgeting Budgeting is done at the beginning of every financial year.

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DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

Finance manager

He is accountable to MD He maintains the finance information system like

a. Analysis of financial performance. Profit and loss account analysis b. Cash flow analysis c. Inventory management d. Budget preparation e. Project evaluation f. Gives overall guidance to the functioning of the department Accounts officer He is accountable to MD He maintains the finance information system like Analysis of financial performance Profit and loss account analysis Cash flow analysis Inventory management Budget preparation Gives overall guidance to the functioning of the department Supervision on the maintenance of cash books, ledger, journal To fulfill statutory requirements like TDS return filing Advance tax payment Sales tax return filing Fringe benefit tax. etc.

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ACCOUNTANT

Accountant in the head office of KNND shall coordinate and maintain all the accounts of KNND .

Accounts Assistant :- Performs the following works

Undertake various reconciliation works Ledger scrutiny on monthly basis Finalization and preparation monthly profit and loss accounts.

Clerk :- Performs the following works

Voucher entry preparation Filing vouchers and cross verification Preparation of receipts Prepare all working papers and notes Dispatch of bills

Annual statement

Statement showing receipts and disbursement for year Income and expenditure account Balance sheet as at the end of the year Such other statement as may be prescribed by the registrar

Auditing In KNND auditing is conducted in every 6 months.

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PROJECT DEPARTMENT

STRUCTURE OF PROJECT DEPARTMENT

Managing Director

General Manager project

Assistant manager

Supportive staff

An investment carried out according to a plan in order to achieve a definite objective within a certain time and which will cease when the objective achieved. This department mainly deals with the implementation of new project. It is the one time activity. It has a definite starting point and ending point. Project department helps KNND for diversifying the product and for introduce their product in the market. Project manager heads project department. Project can be defined as a non routine, non-repetitive one of undertaking, normally with discrete time financial and technical performance goals.

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LIFE CYCLE OF A PROJECT

Project planning Initial formulation Feasibility testing Project appraisal

Types of appraisal

A. B. C. D. E. F.

Technical appraisal Market appraisal Organization appraisal Financial appraisal Economic appraisal Overall social cost benefit appraisal

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EXIM DEPARTMENT

STRUCTURE OF EXIM DEPARTMENT

Exim officer

Supportive staff

clerk

EXIM department is to improve exporting and importing of various products. It controls all exim functions of KNND divisions. EXIM department took it as their main function to spread the varied products to CARRIER &TOSHIBA.

FUNCTION Export Shipping Central exercise Post shipment documentation Import

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MCKINSYS 7S FRAMEWORK

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MC KINSEYS 7S MODEL:

The 7s model is a tool for managerial analysis and action that provides a structure with which to consider a company as a whole, so that the organizations problems may be diagnosed and a strategy may be developed and implement.

The 7s framework views as a culture as a function of at least seven variables. They are:

SKILL Skill is what the company does best, the distinctive capabilities and competencies that reside in the organization. If staff and managers are to acquire all the skill, then there needs to be an appropriate learning environment. One that: is driven by a desire to realize the vision. Has a sharing culture with mutual support. provides space and time for learning, preferably closely linked to specific tasks and objectives (just in time learning). Allows risk, tolerates failure, provided it is a part of learning process. Has visible recognition for success that is built on new learning. Where skills and experience cannot be resourced or developed internally within the required time scales then external companies will need to be retained.

High level quality assurance Production scheduled Technology Wide range of prospective customers Innovative concept in production process Experienced personnel in key areas Facilitation of uninterrupted supply of raw materials

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STRUCTURE

Structure describes the hierarchy of authority and accountability of an organization. Most organizations use some mix of structures-pyramidal, matrix or networked ones to accomplish their goals. Organization will find that changes to their structure. To be responsive and results oriented an organization needs to move to a network structure.

KNND is an organization owned by a private limited system. KNND is managed by board of directors . The company has its own conventional methods of operation. These methods and technique have been followed by the board members, right from the establishment of organization. These relationships are frequently diagrammed in organizational chart.

STRATEGY

Strategy is the route that the organization has chosen for its future growth a plan an organization formulate to gain a sustainable competitive advantage. States how an organization will attains its vision and respond to the threats and opportunities of new mediums. Capabilities are needed in Marketing, Market research, customer surveys and data analysis promotional management, coordination across all mediums. Media management, Consumer management, ensuring awareness of new communications channels, the processes involved, and the benefits to be gained. Managing expectations, providing training and support, gaining timely feedback, distribution channel management, co-ordination of existing and new distribution channels, PR to existing channels. Sales management, training and support, timely feedback,

motivation and reward systems. Product and service development: customer collaboration, personalization and customization, pricing business requirements analysis, development of architectures, models, frame works, high level systems and processes, etc. creation and management of alliances and partnership.

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The strategy followed by KNND is:

Rapid penetration strategy More thrust on quality Prompt supply More advertisement Innovative method of production Consumer satisfaction survey Bulk purchase benefit Credit facilities for dealers

STAFF

Staff means human resource. An experienced and well qualified employees are the greatest strength of KNND. At present there are 1600 staffs.

STYLE

The management style of KNND is fully participative company formulates its objective by discussing with the staff. The service and wage policies and decision are finalizing by considering the opinion of employees.

SYSTEM

A system is a set of comprehensive, interrelated and unified objectives and elements that interact with each other. These elements receive inputs from the external environment, process these inputs and produce the output for the external environment. Thus, system consists of external environmental factors like social factors, technical factors, economic factors, political factors and natural factors, input, transformation, output and feedback. Business organizations are regarded as open and adaptive systems which are influenced by environmental factors and also influence and shape the environment. The company is regarded as a single entity composed of an interrelated subunits like production, marketing, human resource and finance. The
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company closely related to environment i.e. the raw material receives from the environment, convert the raw material into products and supply to the environment and Information flows freely in the company.

SHARED VALUE

Shared values are what engineer trust. Values are the identity by which a company is known throughout its business areas, these values must be explicitly stated as been corporate objectives and individual values. A role of vision statement is to impart to the organization (and externally) what the organization stands for and what it believes in. it is important that values of organization are shared that everyone knows what to expect and what is expected from them. Shared values of the organization may be explicit or implicit and are key ingredients to the culture of the business and what ultimately binds all those in the organization together. Reach the level of market leader by attaining maximum number of prospective customers through inspiring them by the old age tradition of food habits and the tasty proportion is handed over from generations.

Core values of the company are:

Integrity Understanding Excellence Unity Responsibility Code of conduct.

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SWOT ANALYSIS
SWOT ANALYSIS

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STRENGTH KNND is one of the dealers of the worlds largest manufacturer and distributor of

heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC) systems OF CARRIER. Dealer of First air-conditioning company to introduce the concept of a Comfort Shop. KNND having a good brand image which ensures a continuous customer relationship. The organization is particularly strict about maintaining customer loyalty and credibility There is a separate and well established company for marketing the products. There is a separate and well established company for marketing the products. Good working condition facilitates the employees to work well. Skilled and experienced employees.

WEAKNESS

Highly dependent on its parent company for R&D and technology support. High price for the products. because of the high price to the products customers have the tendency to substitute CARRIER alternative products like LG, VOLTAS ,BLUE STAR. products with

Less government aid compared to other sector.

Opportunities:

Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) has urged the government to reduce special excise duty (SED) on air-conditioners from 16% to 8% in the forthcoming budget

Growing Indian middle class (approx. 250 m) characterized with low penetration level of consumer durable. Advent of internet provides an excellent opportunity to reach to a large base of customers and cut costs.

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Threats:

Likely to face fierce competition from domestic dealers as they have wellacknowledged brands, an extensive distribution network and better insights about the local market conditions.

Increased threat from cheaper commission given to company.

Stiff competition from competitors with same product.

Changes in technology.

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FINDINGS ,SUGESSTIONS & CONCLUSION

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FINDINGS o KNND is one of the dealer of largest manufacturer of air conditioning in the country . o Utilization of effective promotional tool like advertisement and sales promotion . o KNND has a good brand image . o Good working conditions for employees. o Skilled and experienced employed.

SUGGESTION More attractive and informative website should be developed . For capturing foreign market introduce on line trading. Begin new project only after the completion of old project. Conduct a proper market survey and know their needs and wants which are changing in nature it may lead to the creation innovative products . Pricing should be affordable to the local mass, as it is having a psychological impact on the customer mind. Ensure employees participation in decision making by providing a suggestion.

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CONCLUSION

KNND ASSOCIATES PVT. LTD is one of the authorized dealers for Carrier air conditioning and refrigeration and Toshiba air conditioning inverter in the

country today. Even in the domestic market, KNND Is the major supplier of air conditioners to all leading companies in India. led by professional management team and supported by a committed work force, KNND is now poised to enter a high grown phase, It several new initiatives that will take the group on a path of explosion and diversification. KNND holds immune potential for a wide verity of commercial uses which is yet to be tapped with by realigning this potential. Effective and safe working conditions, proper functioning, excellent management and capable employees are the success keys of KNND ASSSOCIATES PVT .LTD

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

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BIBLIOGRAPHY
Refrence Books :

Shashi K Gupta, Rosy Joshi, Publishers.

Human Resource Management, Kalyani

Philip kotler, Kevin lane, Abraham koshy, mithileshwar jha, marketing management a south Asian perspective, Pearson prentice hall, 13th edition 2009

Websites :

www.knndassoc iates.com

www.wikipedia.com www.carrierindia.com www.toshiba.com

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