Basic Matrix Operations With VB - Net Part 3 - Transposing

Basic Matrix Operations with VB.NET Part 3: Transposing Matrices and Matrix Multiplication - paul b...
http://paulblaser.com/basic-matrix-operations-with-vbnet-part-3-tra
Join Follow Menu
paul blaser
Analytics, bioinformatics, data mining, GIS, health data, marketing technology and SQL Server
Back to posts
November 23, 2011
Basic Matrix Operations with VB.NET Part 3: Transposing Matrices and Matrix Multiplication
Transposing a matrix is the process of transforming it so that its columns become rows and its rows become columns. A transposed matrix is usually notated with or T. So B transposed would be B or B . Here is our example matrix B transposed to B . Note that B has four columns and three rows, while B has three columns and four rows.
T T T
Viewed 727 times
You can think of BT visually as the result of rotating B 90 degrees counter clockwise. Multiplying two matrices is less straightforward than adding or subtracting. As we saw in part 2, you can add two matrices if they each have the same number of rows and columns. However, you can multiply two matrices only if the number of columns in matrix A is equal to the number of rows in matrix B. Using our example matrices A and B, A has 4 columns and B has three rows. Since 43 we
1 9
23/10/2012 12:57
cannot multiply these two matrices.
However, our transposed matrix from above, BT , has four rows. So we can multiply A and BT since A has four columns and B has four rows.
T
The product of two matrices will have the number of rows in the first matrix and the number of columns in the second matrix. So C, the matrix that results from A x B , will have the number of rows in A and the number of columns in B . C will be a 3 by 3 matrix. This is sometimes notated as C33 or C3,3. The trick to multiplying two matrices is to take each number in each row in the first matrix and multiply it by each corresponding number in each column in the second matrix. For each row/column combination, add the products together. For example, multiplying A x B from above looks like this. Take the first row in A, 1 2 3 5, and the first column in BT , 2 3 5 7, multiply them together and add the products, like this. (1 x 2) + (2 x 3) + (3 x 5) + (5 x 7) = 2 + 6 + 15 + 35 = 58 Stick with the first row in A, 1 2 3 5, and now take the second column in B , 11 13 17 19, multiply them together and add the products, like this. (1 x 11) + (2 x 13) + (3 x 17) + (5 x 19) = 11 + 26 + 51 + 95 = 183
T T T T
2 9
23/10/2012 12:57
Again, stick with the first row in A, 1 2 3 5, and now take the third column in B , 23 29 31 37, multiply them together and add the products, like this. (1 x 23) + (2 x 29) + (3 x 31) + (5 x 37) = 23 + 58 + 93 + 185 = 359 Good. Now were finished with the first row in A, and we have the first row in our product matrix, C.
To calculate the second row in C, take the second row in A, 8 13 21 34, and the first column in BT , 2 3 5 7, multiply them together and add the products, like this. (8 x 2) + (13 x 3) + (21 x 5) + (34 x 7) = 16 + 39 + 105 + 238 = 398 Stick with the second row in A, 8 13 21 34, and now take the second column in BT , 11 13 17 19, multiply them together and add the products, like this. (8 x 11) + (13 x 13) + (21 x 17) + (34 x 19) = 88 + 169 + 357 + 646 = 1260 Again, stick with the second row in A, 8 13 21 34, and now take the third column in B , 23 29 31 37, multiply them together and add the products, like this. (8 x 23) + (13 x 29) + (21 x 31) + (34 x 37) = 184 + 377 + 651 + 1258 = 2470 Good again. Now were finished with the second row in A, and we have the second row in our product matrix, C.
T
3 9
23/10/2012 12:57
To calculate the third row in C, take the third row in A, 55 89 144 233, and the first column in B , 2 3 5 7, multiply them together and add the products, like this. (55 x 2) + (89 x 3) + (144 x 5) + (233 x 7) = 110 + 267 + 720 + 1631 = 2728 Stick with the third row in A, 8 13 21 34, and now take the second column in BT , 11 13 17 19, multiply them together and add the products, like this. (55 x 11) + (89 x 13) + (144 x 17) + (233 x 19) = 605 + 1157 + 2448 + 4427 = 8637 Again, stick with the third row in A, 8 13 21 34, and now take the third column in BT , 23 29 31 37, multiply them together and add the products, like this. (55 x 23) + (89 x 29) + (144 x 31) + (233 x 37) = 1265 + 2581 + 4464 + 8621 = 16931 Great. Now were finished with the third row in A, and we have the final row in our product matrix, C.
T
In the code for the calculations above we will build four arrays, A, B, BT and C, corresponding to the example matrices A, B, BT , and C. Lets begin by building A and B and populating the values.
Sub Main()
4 9
23/10/2012 12:57
Dim A(2, 3) As Integer A(0, 0) = 1 A(0, 1) = 2 A(0, 2) = 3 A(0, 3) = 5 A(1, 0) = 8 A(1, 1) = 13 A(1, 2) = 21 A(1, 3) = 34 A(2, 0) = 55 A(2, 1) = 89 A(2, 2) = 144 A(2, 3) = 233
Dim B(2, 3) As Integer

B(0, 0) = 2 B(0, 1) = 3 B(0, 2) = 5 B(0, 3) = 7 B(1, 0) = 11 B(1, 1) = 13 B(1, 2) = 17 B(1, 3) = 19 B(2, 0) = 23 B(2, 1) = 29 B(2, 2) = 31 B(2, 3) = 37 B has four columns and three rows. Since BT is the transpose of B, it has three columns and four rows.
5 9
23/10/2012 12:57
Dim BT(3, 2) As Integer

We populate the values for BT with nested FOR NEXT loops. The outer loop, x, corresponds to the rows in each array and the inner loop, y, corresponds to the columns in each array. Populate the rows in BT with the columns from B and the columns in BT with the rows from B.
For x = 0 To 3
For y = 0 To 2 BT(x, y) = B(y, x) Next Next C is the product of A and BT . It has three columns and three rows.
Dim C(2, 2) As Integer

We populate the values for C with nested FOR NEXT loops. Loops x and y correspond to the rows in A and the columns in BT , respectively, and loop z corresponds to the columns in A and the rows in B . As mentioned above, the trick to multiplying two matrices is to take each number in each row in the first matrix and multiply it by each corresponding number in each column in the second matrix. The loops look like this.
T
For x = 0 To 2
For y = 0 To 2 For z = 0 To 3 C(x, y) = C(x, y) + A(x, z) * BT(z, y) Next Next Next Now write the matrices A, B, BT and C to the screen.
6 9
23/10/2012 12:57
For x = 0 To 2
For y = 0 To 3 Console.Write(A(x, y)) Console.Write(Space(1)) Next Console.WriteLine() Next Console.WriteLine()
For x = 0 To 2
For y = 0 To 3 Console.Write(B(x, y)) Console.Write(Space(1)) Next Console.WriteLine() Next Console.WriteLine()
For x = 0 To 3
For y = 0 To 2 Console.Write(BT(x, y)) Console.Write(Space(1)) Next Console.WriteLine() Next Console.WriteLine()
For x = 0 To 2
For y = 0 To 2 Console.Write(C(x, y)) Console.Write(Space(1)) Next
7 9
23/10/2012 12:57
Console.WriteLine() Next Console.WriteLine()
End Sub End Module

And here is our output.
Download full size (22 KB)
0 responses Like Comment
Like
Tweet
8 9
23/10/2012 12:57
Leave a Comment
Hello there. Don't believe we've met before!
Log in with any of the following to comment:
Register or login to Posterous
9 9
23/10/2012 12:57

Basic Matrix Operations With VB - Net Part 3 - Transposing

Transféré par

Informations du document

Description originale:

Titre original

Copyright

Formats disponibles

Partager ce document

Partager ou intégrer le document

Options de partage

Avez-vous trouvé ce document utile ?

Ce contenu est-il inapproprié ?

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

Basic Matrix Operations With VB - Net Part 3 - Transposing

Transféré par

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

Basic Matrix Operations with VB.NET Part 3: Transposing Matrices and Matrix Multiplication - paul b...

Join Follow Menu

November 23, 2011

Viewed 727 times

cannot multiply these two matrices.

Dim B(2, 3) As Integer

Dim BT(3, 2) As Integer

Dim C(2, 2) As Integer

Console.WriteLine() Next Console.WriteLine()

End Sub End Module

Download full size (22 KB)

0 responses Like Comment

Register or login to Posterous

Vous aimerez peut-être aussi