Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
The
Monday, November 12 - 18 , 2012
Weekly
http://www.thevoicemyanmar.com
Vol.8 / No.45
pm 36
VOICE
tar&dueforw
tkdbm;rm;
jrefrmEkdifiH
vmrnfUowif;
oHkH;twnfrjyK
orwBuD;
OD;ode;f pde\
f
ud,
k w
f ikd af &;
0wKwdk
1
The
rEav;
tdrf? NcH? ajr
aps;uGuf
jyefvIyf[kqdk
pm 12
pm 3
"mwfykH-rkd;ausmfvGif
photo -politix.topix.com
aemufxyfav;ESpf . . .
zkefvdkif;ESifU tifwmeuf jyem
ajz&Sifa&;pifwmrsm; zGifUrnf
pm 34
pm 6
&cdkifEdkifiHa&;ygwDESpfck
a&G;aumufyJGaumfr&Sif ac:,lowday;
The Voice trI wdik ;f H;k t,lc0H ifrnf
pm 22
pm 8
armifawmwGif
vufeufudkifrsm; ypfcwfrIaMumifU
t&yfom;wpfOD;ao?
wyfrawmfom;oHk;OD; aysmufqHk;
pm 5
"mwfykH-rkd;ausmfvGif
pm 23
The
SUPPLEMENT
OICE
Monday,
Monday,November
November12
12--18
18 ,, 2012
2012
Vol.8 / No.45
47
VOICE
The
Weekly
a&G;
]]orwc&D;pOfeJY ywfoufNyD;
awmh uRefawmfwdkYoHHk;bufu tpD
tpOftao;pdwf bmrSrod&ao;yg
bl;/ c&D;pOftm;vHk;udk tdrfjzLawmf
bufuyJ pDpOfwmyg}} [k jrefrm
Ed k i f i H q d k i f & m tar&d u ef o H H k ; rS
wm0ef & S d o l w pf O D ; u ajymMum;
onf/
td r f j zLawmf \ Ed k 0 if b m 8
&ufaeYwGif twnfjyKaMunmcsuf
t& tar&dueforw tdkbm;rm;
onf Edk0ifbm 17 &ufaeYrS 20
&uf a eYtxd ta&S U awmif t m&S
c&D;pOftjzpf xdkif;? jrefrm? uarm
'D;,m;EdkifiHwdkYodkY oGm;a&mufrnf
jzpfaMumif; od&onf/
orwtdb
k m;rm;onf Ed0k ifbm
18 &uf aeY w G i f xd k i f ; Ed k i f i H E S i f h
tar&duefjynfaxmifpk oHwref
qufqHa&; ESpf 180 jynfhtxdrf;
trSwf tcrf;tem;odkY wufa&muf
xdik ;f Edik if 0H efBuD;csKyf ,if;vyf&iS ef m0yf
ESifh awGUqHk&efpDpOfxm;NyD; uarm
'D;,m;EdkifiHwGif ,ckv 18 &ufaeYrS
20 &ufaeYtxd usif;yjyKvkyfrnfh
ta&S U tm&S x d y f o D ; aqG ; aEG ; yG J E S i f h
tqifhjrifh aqG;aEG;yGJrsm;odkYvnf;
wufa&mufum tmqD,aH cgif;aqmif
rsm;ES i f h awG U qH k r nf j zpf a Mumif ; ?
tar&dueftdrfjzLawmf jyefMum;a&;
wm0efcH Jay Carney u w&m;0if
tqifhc&D;pOfjzpfNyD; jrefrmEdkifiHt&yf
buf t pd k ; &opf \ wpf E S p f a usmf
oufwrf;twGif; odomjrifom&Sd
onf h jyKjyif a jymif ; vJ r I r sm;ud k
todtrSwjf yKonft
h aejzifh vma&muf
jcif;jzpfaMumif; EdkifiHwumowif;
rD'D,mrsm;u oHk;oyfvsuf&Sdonf/
tar&dueforw bm;&ufcf
tdkbm;rm;\ ,ckjrefrmEdkifiHc&D;pOf
onf jrefrmEdkifiHordkif;wGif orw
tqifhvma&mufonfh yxrOD;qHk;
c&D;pOfjzpfNyD; 1953 ckESpfwGif tar
&duef'w
k ,
d orw &pfcsuef pfpifom
jrefrmEdkifiHodkY vma&mufcJhzl;onf/
,if;aMumifh bm;&uftb
kd m;rm;
\ jrefrmEdkifiHc&D;pOfjzpfajrmufygu
jrefrm-tar&duefordkif;wGif jrefrm
EdkifiHokdY yxrqHk; vma&mufaom
tar&dueforwtjzpf rSwfwrf;0if
oGm;rnfjzpfonf/
n
Photo-Time
USA
Today owif;pmrsuE
f mS wGif ud;k um;
azmfjyxm;onf/
]]olYvdk tiftm;BuD;EdkifiH&JU
orwwpfa,muf jrefrmjynf vmr,fh
udprSm jrefrmEdkifiH&JU pD;yGm;a&;u@
rSm aiGtiftm;? enf;ynmtiftm;
awG jynfh0NyD; ,HkMunfpdwfcs&wJh
EdkifiHjcm;&if;ESD;jrKyfESHrI&vmEdkifovdk
EdkifiHa&;t& jyKjyifajymif;vJrIawG
rSm aemufjyefvSnfhapEdkifwJh jzpfpOf
FIRE
rEav;-jrpfBuD;em;qDwGJ&xm;wdrf;arSmuf?
27 OD; rD;avmifaoqHk;
&efukef? Ekd0ifbm 9
NLD ynma&;&maumfrwD
wuodkvf
ynma&;jyKjyifrI yxrqH;k aqmif&u
G rf nf
&efukef? Ekd0ifbm 6
trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJUcsKyf
u atmufwdkbm 24 &ufaeYu zGJU
pnf;vku
d o
f nfh ynma&;&maumfrwD
\ yxrtqifhvkyfaqmifcsuftjzpf
trsKd;om;wuodkvfjyefvnfwnf
axmif&ef aqmif&GufoGm;rnfjzpf
aMumif; tqkyd gA[dt
k vkyt
f rIaqmif
tzGJU0if a'gufwmodef;vGifu The
Voice Weekly odkYajymMum;onf/
trsKd;om;wuodkvfrsm;wnf
axmif & ef vk y f a qmif & jcif ; rS m
jynfolYvTwfawmfwGif jyefvnfjyif
qifa&;qGJrnfh wuodkvfynma&;
Oya'Murf;twGuf taxmuftul
jzpfap&ef wuodkvftqifh jyKjyif
ajymif;vJrIynma&;pmwrf;udk pwif
vkyaf qmifjcif;jzpfaMumif; a'gufwm
odef;vGifu&Sif;jyonf/
ynma&;&maumfrwDtaejzifh
trsKd;om;wuodkvfausmif;rsm; jyef
vnfay:xGuv
f m&ef ynma&;rlMurf;
wpf a pmif a &;om;NyD ; trsKd ; om;
'Dru
kd a&pDtzGUJ csKyOf u| a':atmifqef;
pkMunfESifh jyefvnfaqG;aEG;rnfjzpf
aMumif;? aemufqkH;&&Sdvmrnfh trsKd;
om;wu o d k v f a usmif ; rl M urf ; ud k
EdkifiHawmforwBuD;xH wkdufdkuf
wifoGif;&ef,m,DpDpOfxm;aMumif;
if;uajymMum;onf/
jrefrmhynma&;pepfwpfckvkH;
udk jyefvnfwnfaqmuf&efvdktyf
NyD; ,if;wnfaqmufa&;rsm;xJrS
tqifhjrifhynma&;u@wGifyg0if
onfh trsKd;om;wuodkvfrsm;jyef
vnf x l a xmif v ma&;onf v nf ;
ta&;BuD ; aomtcsuf j zpf a Mumif ;
jynfolYvTwfawmfwGif wuodkvf
rsm; vGwfvyfaompDrHcefYcGJrItzGJU
tpnf;jzpfa&; tqdkwifoGif;cJhol
jynf o l Y vT w f a wmf u d k , f p m;vS , f
a':wifEG,fOD;u tBuHjyKonf/
tqkdygynma&;&maumfrwD
\ wuodkvftqifhjyKjyifajymif;vJ
a&;wGif tpDtpOfESpf&yf&SdNyD; yxr
rSm &efukefwuodkvfESifh rEav;
wuodkvfwkdYudk trsKd;om;tqifh
wuov
dk af usmif;rsm;tjzpf jyefvnf
wnfaxmif&efESifh 'kwd,rSm tqkdyg
wuodkvfrsm; jyefvnfwnfaxmif
cGifh r&&Sdygu oD;jcm;trsKd;om;
wuodkvfwpfck wnfaxmif&ef[k
owf r S w f x m;aMumif ; a'guf w m
odef;vGifu xyfavmif;ajymMum;
onf/
trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJUcsKyf
\ ynma&;&maumfrwDwGif OD;[H
omjrifh? a'gufwmodef;vGif? a'guf
wmoefYvGifarmif(udkwm)? a'guf
wmwifvIdif(bkd;vIdif)ESifh OD;rdk;aZmfOD;
wkdYyg0ifMuonf/
n
46
B
VOICE
The
axmufyHhaeojzifh Nidrf;csrf;a&;wGif
pD;yGm;a&;tjrwfrxkwf&ef u&if
trsKd;orD;zGHUNzdK;wkd;wufa&;toif;
rS a':qlZefemvSvpS ;kd u ZGev
f twGif;
owday;ajymMum;onf/
jynfwGif;Nidrf;csrf;a&;vkyfief;
pOfrsm;qufvufaqmif&GufEkdif&ef
Oa&myor*u jrefrmEkdifiH&Sd wkdif;
&if ; om;vuf e uf u d k i f y #d y u r sm;
ajz&Si;f a&;twGuf tar&duefa':vm
oef; 30 ausmfudkaxmufyHhoGm;rnf
jzpfaMumif; Oa&myor*Ou| H.E. Mr.
Jose Manuel Barroso u Ek0
d ifbm 3
&ufaeY jrefrmEkid if H Nidr;f csrf;a&; A[dk
Xme(Peace Center) wGif owif;axmuf
rsm;odkY ajymMum;onf/
Oa&myor*taejzifh 2012
ckESpf ESpfukefydkif;txd tar&duef
a':vmckepfodef;cefY axmufyHhoGm;
rnfjzpfNyD; 2013 ckESpftwGuf tar
&duefa':vm oef; 30 axmufyHh
oGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; if;uqufvuf
ajymMum;onf/ tqdkygaxmufyHhaiG
rsm;udk wkdif;&if;om;vufeufudkif
wyfzGJUrsm;\xdef;csKyfe,fajrrsm; zGHU
NzdK;a&;vkyfief;pOfrsm;wGiftoHk;jyK
oGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; jrefrmNird ;f csr;f a&;
pifwmrS wm0ef&o
dS w
l pfO;D uqko
d nf/
,if;odkYaxmufyHh&mwGif EkdifiH
awmforw\trdefYaMunmcsufjzifh
w&m;0ifzUJG pnf;xm;aom jrefrmEkid fiH
Nidrf;csrf;a&; jyefvnfxlaxmifa&;
vkyif ef;A[dXk merSwpfqifh taxmuf
&efukef? Ekd0ifbm 9
&efukef? Ekd0ifbm 9
y#dyursm; qufwkdufjzpfyGm;
vsu&f adS om &ckid jf ynfe,f&dS 'kuo
nf
rsm;ud k axmuf y H h & ef tar&d u ef
a':vmESpfoef; xyfrHvSL'gef;rnf
jzpfaMumif; MopaMw;vsEkdifiHjcm;a&;
0efBuD; Senator the Hon.Bob Car \
xkwfjyefaMunmcsuft&od&onf/
&ckid jf ynfe,ftwGi;f qufvuf
jzpfyGm;aeaom y#dyursm;aMumifh
a'ocH 35000 cefY ae&yfpGefYcGmcJh&
aMumif; urmhukvor*u xkwfjyef
xm;NyD; tqdkyg'kuonfrsm;twGuf
tpm;tpmESifh&GufzsifwJrsm;? apmif?
t0wftxnfESifh tjcm;vdktyfaom
ypnf;rsm;udkaxmufyHhoGm;rnfjzpf
aMumif;? rdbrsm;ESifha0;uGmcJh&aom
uav;rsm;twGuf tajccHvt
kd yfcsuf
rsm; axmufyHhoGm;rnfjzpfaMumif;
tqkyd gaMunmcsufwGifyg&Sdonf/
MopaMw;vs oHtrwftyg
t0if NAdwdefoHtrwfESifh tar&duef
oHtrwfwdkY &ckdifa'owGif; y#dyu
jzpfyGm;&ma'orsm;odkY Ekd0ifbm 1
&ufaeYrS 3 &ufaeYtxd oGm;a&muf
NyD ; Ek d i f i H a &;ygwD r sm;? vl r I t zG J U
tpnf;rsm;ESifh a'ocHrsm;udk awGUqHk
cJah Mumif;? ,if;odYk omG ;a&mufavhvm
rIt&od&Sd&aom a'owGif;vkdtyf
csufrsm;udk oufqkdif&mEkdifiHrsm;\
tpd;k &rsm;xHoYkdwifjyum vlom;csi;f
pmemaxmufxm;rIqkdif&m tultnD
rsm; ay;tyfomG ;rnfjzpfaMumif; &cdik f
wyfzGJUtcsKdUESifh y#dyuajz&Sif;a&;
twGuf &efyHkaiGudkaemfa0EkdifiHu
OD;aqmifzGJUpnf;xm;onfh Peace
Donor Support Group u t"du
vSL'gef;vsu&f NdS yD; qGpZf mveftajcpku
d f
Nidrf;csrf;a&;azmifa';&Sif; (Peace
Nexus) uvnf; Nidr;f csrf;a&;vkyi
f ef;
pOfrsm;wGif axmufyHh&ef pDpOfvsuf
&SdaMumif; jrefrmNidrf;csrf;a&;pifwm
xHrS od&Sd&onf/
n
MopaMw;vsu &ckdifjynfe,fudk
tar&duef a':vmESpfoef;axmufyHUrnf
"mwfykH-rkd;ausmfvGif
tBuD;tuJ OD;aemif;aemif;[efu
ajymMum;onf/
]]tckqkd ajrmufydkif;c&D;pOfawG
rpDpOfawmhbl;/ ygrpfavQmufvnf;
ray;awmhbl;/ wcsKdUc&D;oGm;ukrPD
awG q k d p D p Of N yD ; rS ysuf o G m ;awmh
tawmfrsufEmS ysufMu&w,f/ aiGjyef
trf;ay;&wmawGvnf;&Sdw,f}} [k
jrefrmEdkifiH c&D;oGm;vkyfief;&Sifrsm;
toif; trIaqmiftzGJU0ifvnf;jzpf
ol if;uqkdonf/
tqkdygc&D;pOfonf awmif
wufc&D;pOfjzpfaomaMumifh txl;
pdwf0ifpm; vma&mufMujcif;jzpf
aMumif;? urmvSnfhc&D;oGm;avmu
wGif awmifwufc&D;pOfoD;oefYoGm;
a&mufMuonfhc&D;onfrsm; rsm;pGm
&SdaMumif;? ,if;c&D;onfrsm;onf
jrefrmhobm0c&D;oGm;a'orsm;udk
wpfOD;vmNyD;ygu aemufxyfq,f
OD;vmEkdifap&ef aMumfjimay;Ekdifol
rsm;jzpfaMumif;? ,if;c&D;pOfcGifhrjyK
jcif;onf jrefrmhc&D;oGm;vkyfief;
tay:xdcdkufrI&SdaMumif; if;uquf
vufajymMum;onf/
ucsifjynfe,fwGif wkdufyGJrsm;
jzpfyGm;ae vrf;yef;qufoG,frI
jywfawmufNyD; avaMumif;c&D;om
tm;ukd;ae&aMumif;? vuf&Sd ylwmtdk
wGif pm;eyf&dumjywfvyfvsuf&SdNyD;
a'ocHrsm;yifvQif qefukdaps;BuD;
ay;0,f pm;aomufae&aMumif;
ylwmtdak 'ocHrsm;u ajymMum;onf/
,if;odkY jrefrmEkdifiHajrmufydkif;
ucsifjynfe,fodkY EdkifiHjcm;om;c&D;
oGm;rsm;oGm;vmcGifhwm;jrpf ouJhodkY
&ck d i f a 'owG i f v nf ; y#d y u r sm;
jyefvnfjzpfyGm;vmNyD; yk'fr 144
xkwjf yefxm;ojzifh a&S;a[mif;bk&m;
ykx;kd rsm;&Sad om ajrmufO;D ESihf ppfawG
Nrd K UwkdYodkY oGm;a&mufcGifhudkvnf;
oufqidk f&mu wm;jrpfxm;onf/ n
47
C
VOICE
The
rHk&GmaMu;eDpDrHudef;a'ocH0efxrf;rsm; vpmaiGwkd;ay;&efawmif;qdk
rHk&Gm? Ekd0ifbm 9
]]uRef a wmf w d k Y ud k u k r P D u
atmufwkdbmvupNyD; vcpm;0ef
xrf;tjzpfpcefYwmyg/ a&TUajymif;cH
av;&Gmu 0efxrf;trsm;pku vHNk cHKa&;
0efxrf;eJY taxGaxG0efxrf;awGrsm;
ygw,f/ awmif;qkdwmu FEC 120
wdk;ay;zkdYyg/ Edk0ifbm 2 &ufpNyD;
ndEIdif;ygw,f/ Ekd0ifbm 3 &uf
rSmvnf; tqifrajyawmh 0efxrf;
tm;vHk;ukrPDuae &GmawGxdz,f&D
um;rpD;bJajcvsifjyefygw,f/ Ekd0if
ydkhaqmifa&;vkyfief;rsm;aqmif&Guf&ef
&efukefblwmBuD;wGif JICA Hk;zGifUrnf
&efukef? Edk0ifbm 9
ajymMum;jcif;jzpfonf/
&efuek Nf rdKUwGi;f o,f,yl Ykdaqmif
a&;twGuf JICA rS ynm&Sifrsm;jzifh
ulnaD y;vsu&f NdS yD; tqdyk gvkyif ef;pOf
rsm;vkyfudkif&mwGif pDrHcefYcGJEdkif&ef
Hk;cef;ae&m awmif;qdkxm;aMumif;
JICA \ pDrHudef;t&m&SdwpfO;D jzpfol
OD;ausmfaZmatmifu The Voice
Weekly odkY ajymMum;onf/
JICA \ tultnDrsm;wGif
jrefrmwpfEikd if v
H ;kH twdik ;f twmtjzpf
Transport Master Plan (ydkYaqmifa&;
r[mpDrHudef;) csrSwfxm;NyD; &efukef
NrdKUawmftwGufrl Greater Yangon
Project (r[m&efue
k pf rD u
H ed ;f ) csrSwf
xm;aMumif; JICA xHrS pHkprf;od&Sd&
onf/
bm 6 xdajyvnfrIr&awmh nvHk;
ayguf rjyefbJukrPDa&SUrSmquf
vufawmif;qkdygw,f/ 'DaeY Ekd0if
bm 7 xd ndEIdif;rItqifrajyao;
ygbl;/ tm;vHk;qHk;jzwfxm;wmu
awmh awmif;qdkwJhvpmaiGray;&if
tvkyfxGufoGm;rSmyg}}[k vHkNcHKa&;
0efxrf;trsKd;om;wpfOD;uajymMum;
onf/
,if;uJhokdY awmif;qkdrIrsm;jyK
vkyfcJhNyD;aemuf Ekd0ifbm 8 &ufaeY
&ufpGJjzifh vkyfcvpmwkd;jrifhay;&ef
awmif;qdkaeonfhta&;udpESifhywf
ouf ukrPDpnf;rsOf;owfrSwf
csuft& taxGaxG0efxrf;tqifh
vpmEIef;xm;rSm tufzftD;pD 110
owfrw
S x
f m;onft
h wGuf vkyo
f uf
wpfESpfjynfhonfhtcgESpfwkd;tufzf
tD;pD 5 ,lepfwdk;jrifhay;jcif;tpm;
cRif;csut
f aejzifh vkyo
f ufajcmufv
jynf h o nh f 0 ef x rf ; rsm;ud k ES p f w k d ;
tufzftD;pD 5 ,lepfudkwkd;ay;rnf
jzpfaMumif;? odYkjzpf wpfEpS jf ynfo
h nfh
tcsd e f a emuf q H k ; vpmtuf z f t D ; pD
120 cHpm;cGifh&rnfjzpfaMumif; jrefrm
0rfaygifukrPDrS OD;aqmifnTefMum;
&efuek w
f ikd ;f a'oBu;D omauw
NrdKUe,f Icif;omvrf;ay:wGif Ekd0if
bm 8 &ufaeYu uGefwdefem,mOf
wpfpD;vHk;ckd;,lvmoludk ,mOfydkif&Sif
&cdkif'kuonf tajcjyZ,m;
Source:
vlOD;a&
75114
29137
974
109935
&efukef? Ekd0ifbm 9
&efukef? Edk0ifbm 9
tdrfaxmifpk
12230
4369
422
17021
a&;rSL; rpwm*ef;&DujyefMum;csuf
xkwfjyefcJhonf/
vuf&SdxkwfjyefrItay:wGif
0efxrf;rsm;taejzifh Ekd0ifbm 1
&ufaeYrS 30 &ufaeYtxd tvkyf
rqif;bJrdrdaetdrfwGifaexdkif xyf
rHpOf;pm;cGifhjyKrnfjzpfaMumif;? ,if;
okdYtvkyfrqif;onfhtcsdefumv
twGuf vkyfc? vpmudk&mEIef;jynfh
wGucf sufxw
k af y;rnfjzpfaMumif;ESihf
qHk;jzwfcsufudk 'DZifbm 1 &uf
aeYwGit
f aMumif;jyef&ef[k ,if;xkwf
jyefcsufaMunmcsufwGifyg0ifonf/
vuf&Sdawmif;qkdaeonfh0ef
xrf;rsm;tygt0if vufyef;awmif;
uGefwdefem,mOfwpfpD;vHk; ckd;,lrIjzpfyGm;
&cdkif'kuonfpcef;rsm;wGif 'kuonfwpfodef;ausmf
pOf pcef;wnfae&m
1 ppfawGcdkif
2 ppfawGcdkif
3 ausmufjzLcdkif
jynfe,fcsKyf
"mwfykH-udkouf(rHk&Gm)
rSwfcsuf
yxrBudrfjzpfpOf
'kwd,BudrfjzpfpOf
'kwd,BudrfjzpfpOf
,if;uGefwdefem,mOfudk ckd;,l
armif;ESifolav;OD;teuf ESpfOD;udk
zrf;qD;&rdcJhNyD; if;wdkYrSm 25 ESpf
t&G,ftrsKd;om;wpfOD;ESifh ,mOfudk
ckd;,lpOf armif;ESifvmaom 18 ESpf
t&G,f vli,fwpfOD;wdkYjzpfaMumif;?
usefEpS Of ;D rSm 'vNrdKUe,fEiS hf oefvsif
NrdKUe,fwdkYwGif aexkdifMu &JwyfzGJU
u pHkprf;ppfaq;vsuf&SdaMumif;? if;
uJhodkY,mOfrsm;udkckd;,l bufx&D
tdk;rsm;ESifh 'DZ,fqDrsm; xkwf,ljcif;
cH&onfh,mOfrsm;udk ,mOfydkif&Sifrsm;
u &JwyfzGJUpcef;odkY wkdifMum;onfh
pm&if ; rsm;t& 14 pD ; cef Y &S d N yD
jzpfaMumif; omauwNrdKUe,ftkyf
csKyfa&;kH;rS wm0ef&SdolwpfOD;\
ajymMum;csuft&od&onf/
tqdkygtrIudk omauwNrdKU
e,f trSwf (1) &JwyfzGJUpcef;odkY
oGm;a&mufar;jref;cJh&m ajzqdkcGifh r&Sd
aMumif; ajymMum;NyD; &efukefwkdif;
a'oBuD; &JwyfzUJG rSL;H;k odYk oGm;a&muf
pHkprf;ar;jref;cJh&m ,if;trIESifhywf
ouf wkdif;Hk;odkYwifjypma&muf
rvmao;aMumif;? a&muf&Sdvmygu
rD'D,mrsm;odkY xkwfjyefay;oGm;rnf
jzpfaMumif; &JrSL;wpfOD;uajymMum;
onf/
48
D
The
VOICE
ukefNrdKUawmf neufydkif;tcsdefrsm;wGif um;NydKifarmif;um rif;rJhpdkufqefpGm &rf;um;cJhol 21 OD;cefYrS 11 OD;udkzrf;qD;&rdNyDjzpfaMumif; &efukefwdkif;a'oBuD; &JwyfzGJUrSL;Hk;rS rIcif;rSwfwrf;
rsm;t& od&onf/
A[ef;NrdKUe,f urmat;bk&m;
vrf;ay:&Sd [mrpfwpfrw
S w
f ikd t
f eD;wGif
atmufwdkbmv 23 &uf n 11 em&D
30 rdepftcsdefcefYu um;NydKifarmif;
ol vli,fudk;OD;\ 0dkif;0ef;dkufESuf
cJhrIaMumifh ESif;qDukef;bdk;bGm;&dyf
om oef Y & S i f ; a&;0ef x rf ; tjzpf
tvkyfvkyfudkifol touf 31 ESpf
t&G,f trsKd;om;wpfOD;aoqHk;oGm;
cJhonf/
t&m&S d B uD ; wpf O D ; \om;u
xd k & ef y G J w G i f acgif ; aqmif t jzpf
PWC
yg0ifNyD; if;ESifhtaygif;tygxJwGif
oabFmom;wpfOD;vnf;ygonf[k
pHpk rf;od&x
dS m;aMumif; aoqH;k oGm;ol
udk&Jausmfol\ rdom;pku pHkprf;xm;
rIudk The Voice Weekly odYk ajymMum;
onf/
]]um,uH & S i f & J U ta':vd k Y yJ
ajymw,f/ trIydwfay;zdkY vmoGm;
wmyg/ aiGodef; 20 ay;r,fvdkYajym
w,f/ emrnfv;kH 0rajymbl;/ *sme,f
rSmygrS uRefrwdkYwlav; 'Davmuf
tjzpfqdk;wm od&wmyg}} [k aoqHk;
ol\ ta':uajymjyonf/
,if;trIwGifyg0ifcJhol vli,f
udk;OD;teufrS av;OD;rSm usef&SdcJh
aomum;teD;odkY jyefvnfcsOf;uyf
vmpOf rsuf j rif o uf a orsm;\
owif;ay;rIjzifh zrf;qD;xdef;odrf;
EdkifcJhaMumif;? usef&Sdonfhig;OD;udk
if;wdkY\ aetdrfwGif oGm;a&muf&Sm
azG&m nwGi;f csif; zrf;qD;&rdcahJ Mumif;
A[ef;NrdKUe,f &JwyfzUJG pcef;wm0ef&o
dS l
wpfO;D u ajymMum; (owif;azmfjyNyD;
The Voice Weekly Vol.8, No.44)
pD;yGm;a&;0efaqmifrIukrPD jynfawmfjyef0if
&efukef? Ekd0ifbm 6
taemufEkdifiHrsm;\pD;yGm;a&;
ydwfqdkYta&;,lrIaMumifh 2003 ckESpf
wGif jrefrmEkid if rH S xGucf mG oGm;cJ&h aom
NAdwdefEkdifiHtajcpdkuf PWC (Pricewaterhouse Coopers Myanmar Co.,
kd if aH &;tajymif;tvJ
Ltd.) onf jrefrmhEi
aMumifh pD;yGm;a&;ESiq
hf idk af om0efaqmif
rIrsm;udk ,ckEpS u
f ek yf ikd ;f wGif jyefvnf
0ifa&mufvkyfudkifrnfjzpfaMumif;
pifumyltajcpdu
k f PWC rS trIaqmif
Ou| Mr. Yeoh Oon Jin u ajymMum;
onf/
PWC ESihf WinThin Association
Limited wdkY Ekd0ifbm 6 &ufaeYu
em;vnfrpI mcRefvmT a&;xk;d yGw
J iG f if;
utxufygtwkdif;ajymMum;vkduf
jcif;jzpfonf/
]]jrefrmhaps;uGufxJ0ifcsifwJh
EdkifiHjcm;ukrPDawGudk tvG,fwul
0ifEidk af tmif0efaqmifraI wGay;rSmyg}}
[k ,if;ukrPD\wGJzuf'gdkufwm
a':*sufpDumtdtdpHuqkdonf/
EkdifiHjcm;ukrPDrsm;udk jrefrm
EkdifiHtwGif; ukrPDwpfckxlaxmif
Ekdif&efulnDay;jcif;? tcGefay;aqmif
jcif;? aps;uGufqkdif&mESifh vlom;
t&if;tjrpfxlaxmif&mwGif tBuH
Pfrsm;ay;jcif;ESifh a'ocHukrPD
rsm;ESifhwGJzufvkyfudkifEkdif&ef aqmif
&Guaf y;jcif;paom 0efaqmifrrI sm;udk
aqmif&u
G af y;rnfjzpfaMumif; tkycf sKyrf I
'gdkufwm Mr.Ong Chao Choon u
xyfavmif;ajymMum;onf/
jrefrmEkdifiH vma&muf&if;ESD;
jrKyfESHvkdolrsm;twGuf 0efaqmifrI
ay;rnfjzpfaomaMumifh vma&muf
&if;ESD;vdkolrsm;twGuf tcuftcJ&Sd
awmhrnfr[kwaf Mumif; jynfaxmifpk
jrefrmEkdifiH ukefonfrsm;ESifh pufrI
vufrIvkyfief;&Sifrsm;toif;csKyfrS
'kw,
d Ou| a'gufwmarmifarmifav;
u oHk;oyfonf/
PWC ukrP
o
D nf urmt
h BuD;
qHk; pD;yGm;a&;qkdif&m0efaqmifrIay;
onfh ukrPDav;ckteuf wpfckjzpf
NyD; tm&SEidk if u
H ;kd Ekid if t
H ygt0if urm
onf/
Edk0ifbm 1 &ufaeY eHeuf 1
em&D tcsdefcefYu urm&GwfNrdKUe,f
(2) &yfuGuf tif;pdefvrf;ESifh pH&dyf
Nidrf (3) vrf; (Excellent Studio)
a&SUwGif NydKifum;wpfpD;tygt0if
,mOfav;pD;rSvlckepfOD;u tjcm;
udk,fydkif,mOfESifh ,mOfay:vdkufygol
rsm;udk oHwkwf? opfom;wkwfrsm;
jzifh du
k Ef u
S cf rhJ u
I kd urm&Gwf &Jpcef;u
(y)473^12? yk'rf - 440^338^325^
354^294^ 506^114 jzifh trIzGifh
ta&;,lcJh&m w&m;cHckepfOD;teufrS
ESpfOD;udk zrf;qD;&rdcJhaMumif; tqdkyg
&Jpcef;xHrS od&onf/
xkdYtwl atmufwdkbmv 28
&ufaeYn 11 em&D 30 rdepftcsdef
cefYu ql;avbk&m;vrf;ESifh taemf
&xmvrf;rD;yGdKifhwGif rD;eD&yfxm;
aom teufa&mif udk,fydkif,mOf
wpfpD;udk um;NydKifarmif;olrsm;u
oHyu
kd rf sm;jzifh du
k Ef u
S rf w
I iG f w&m;cH
[k,lq&olrsm;udk zrf;qD;&&SdcJhonf
[k w&m;vdkjzpfolu ajymMum;&m
,if;ESifhywfouf ausmufwHwm;
Nrd K Ue,f & J p cef ; od k Y twnf j yK&ef
ar;jref;cJh&mwGif jypfrIqdkif&mOya'
yk'fr 235^427^114 jzifh trIzGifh
ta&;,l x m;NyD ; tao;pd w f u d k r l
ajzqdkcGifhr&SdaMumif; wm0efrSL;u
jyefvnfajymMum;onf/
&efukefNrdKUawmf neufydkif;
tcsdefrsm;wGif tkyfpkzGJU rif;rJhpdkuf
qefqefjzpfyGm;aom rIcif;tcsKdU
jypfrIusL;vGefolrsm;wGif vkyfief;&Sif
BuD;rsm;ESifhEkdifiHh0efxrf; t&m&SdBuD;
rsm;\ om;orD;rsm;yg0ifaomfvnf;
jypfrI usL;vGefol rnfolYudkrqdk
ta&;,loGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; &efukef
wdik ;f a'oBuD; &JwyfzUJG rSL;H;k rS &Jt&m&Sd
wpfOD;u ajymMum;onf/
tIH;ay:jynfwGif;a&aMumif;XmecGJESpfck yk*vduESifUyl;aygif;rnf
&efukef? Ekd0ifbm 9
ig;ESpfqufwkduftIH;ay:ae
aomEkdifiHydkifjynfwGif;a&aMumif;
ydkYaqmifa&;XmecGJ ajcmufckteuf
tBuD;qHk;XmecGJESpfckjzpfaom jrpf0
uRef;ay:XmecGJESifh {&m0wDXmecGJ
wkdYudk yk*v
duESifhyl;aygif;vkyfaqmif
rnfjzpfaMumif; jynfwGif;a&aMumif;
ydkYaqmifa&; OD;aqmifneT Mf um;a&;rSL;
OD;0if;azu ajymMum;onf/
]]XmetaeeJ Y jynf w G i f ; a&
aMumif;ydkYaqmifa&;udk xdxda&muf
a&mufeJY pD;yGm;a&;qefqefvkyfEdkifzdkY
yk*vdueJY yl;aygif;r,f/ aps;uGuf
&Smwmvnf; yk*v
u
d u@u ydNk y;D awmh
xD;csKid Uf oMum;pufteHq
h ;kd aMumifU jynforl sm;qExw
k af zmf
&efukef? Edk0ifbm 9
ppfuikd ;f wdik ;f a'oBuD; xD;csKid Nhf rdKU&Sd *&dwaf 0goMum;pufEiS hf tDoaempufrkH S teHYq;kd xGu&f rdS aI Mumifh a'ocH
200 cefY w&m;0ifcGifhjyKcsuf&,l Edk0ifbmv 5 &ufaeYu Nidrf;csrf;pGmqExkwfazmfcJhaMumif; qEjyyGJwGif
yg0ifol OD;atmifvGifuajymMum;onf/
]]{&m0wDjrpfta&SUbufjcrf; rEav; -Aef;armfum;vrf; xD;csKdifhNrdKU armif;ukef;aus;&Gmtkyfpk rvdIifNcHK?
ig;tdk;? tifa'gif;? csdyfyif? aygif;eyf? atmifukef;&GmwdkYrS &Gmom; 200 cefYonf ,if;teHYqdk;udk rcHEdkif
*&dwfa0gpufHkteD;wGif qExkwfazmfcJhaMumif;? ,if;qEazmfxkwfrIudk vma&mufMunfhIcJholrsm;tygt0if
vltiftm; 500 cefY&SdaMumif; if;uqufvuf&Sif;jyonf/
ajrmufavwdkufvQif awmifbuf&Sd av;ig;rdkiftuGm&Gmrsm;rSyif teHYqdk;udkSLdIuf&NyD; awmifavwdkuf
vQif ajrmufbuf&Gmrsm;rSm ,if;teHYqdk;SLdIuf&aMumif;? wpfcgwpf&H taemufbufurf;&Sd&Gmrsm;txdyif
teHYqdk;'PfcH&aMumif; if;uajymqdkonf/
]]teHYqdk;SLrdwJhvlawG atmhtefwmawGjzpfw,f/ a&udk"mwfcGJcef;ydkYwm a&m*gydk;awGawGU&vdkY &if;ESD;
jrKyfESHrIaumfr&Sifudk pmydkYxm;w,f}} [k if;uqdkonf/
puft
kH aejzifh teHYxu
G o
f nfah &qd;k odak vSmifuefrS a&rsm;udk yefYav;vH;k ESihf pkyx
f w
k af eNyD; aemufq,f&uf
MumvQif NyD;rnfjzpfaMumif;? aemufydkif;wGif pufHkrSpGefYypfa&qdk;rsm;udk oefYpifNyD;rSpGefYypf&ef ukrPDwpfcku
wm0ef,lvkyfudkif&efpDpOfxm;aMumif;? teHY? ta&mifr&Sdonfh a&rsm;udkompGefYypf&efpDpOfxm;aMumif; pufHk
refae*sm OD;xGef;vGifu ajymMum;onf/
,if;pufHkudk 2007 ckESpfwGif pwifvnfywfcJhNyD; oMum;csufpufHkrS teHYqdk;jyemr&Sdaomfvnf;
tDoaemcsuf&mrS teHYqdk;xGufjcif;jzpf tDoaemxkwfvkyfrI avmavmq,f&yfqdkif;xm;onf[k if;u
qdkonf/
"mwfykH-ZmenfOD;
us,fjyefYw,f? wGufajcudkufatmif
vnf;vkyw
f wfw,f}}[k if;uqko
d nf/
pufoHk;qDaps;EIef;jrifhwufvm
jcif;? yifpifvpmwkd;jrifhrIaMumifh 0ef
xrf;toHk;p&dwfwufvmjcif;? vrf;
wHwm;qufoG,fa&;udkjynfolrsm;
ydkrdktoHk;jyKvmjcif;? c&D;onfESifh
ukefpnfydkYaqmifa&;wGif yk*vdu
a&,mOfrsm;udkydkrdktm;udk;vmjcif;
ESifh pufypnf;jyifqifrIydkif;wGif
aES m if h a ES ; Muef Y MumrI & S d a ejcif ; wk d Y
aMumifh yk*vduESifhyl;aygif;aqmif
&G u f & jcif ; jzpf a Mumif ; jynf w G i f ;
a&aMumif;ydkYaqmifa&;rS taxGaxG
refae*sm OD;armifarmifvGifu &Sif;jy
onf/
yk * v d u ES i f h y l ; aygif ; &mwG i f
pDrHcefYcGJrIuefxdkuf (Management
Contract) pepft& a&aMumif;o,f
,lydkYaqmifa&;? pufypnf;jyifqif
a&;ESifh 0efxrf;pDrHcefYcGJrIwGif pGrf;
&nftjrifhrm;qHk;&SdNyD; 0ifaiGtoHk;
p&dwfrQrQwwESifh tjrwf&&Sdatmif
aqmif&GufEdkifaom jynfwGif;vkyf
ief;&SiEf iS hf yl;aygif;oGm;rnfjzpfaMumif;
OD;0if;azuqkdonf/
wif ' gac:qk d r nf h t csd e f u d k
wdwdususrod&ao;bJ urf;vSrf;
xm;onfhyk*vduvkyfief;&Sifrsm;
vnf; r&Sdao;aMumif;? wif'gwif
oGif;onfhukrPDrsm;u tenf;qkH;
ay;aqmif & rnf h t usKd ; tjrwf u d k
wif'gac:onfhtcg xnhfoGif;azmf
jyxm;rnfjzpfaMumif; jynfwGif;a&
aMumif;ydYkaqmifa&;rS 'kw,
d taxGaxG
refae*sm(b@ma&;)a':pEmGefYa0
uqkdonf/
]]yk * v d u eJ Y aygif ; vk y f a wmh
aps;EIef;awmhwufoGm;r,f/ 'gayrJh
vk y f i ef ; yd k w G i f u s,f r ,f / tvk y f
tudkifopfawGay:vmvkdY 0ifaiGwkd;
vm&if Equilibrium (rQajc)tae
txm;a&mufoGm;r,f}}[k World
Wide Shipping \wm0efcHrefae*sm
OD;oef;0if;uajymqdkonf/
c&D;onfESifh ukefpnfo,f,l
caps;EIef;owfrSwfjcif;ESifh 0efaqmif
rIt&nftaoG;udk tpdk;&ESifh yk*v
du
ESpfOD;ESpfzuf yl;aygif;zGJUpnf;xm;
aom pDrHcefYcGJrIbkwftzGJUu apmifh
Munf h u G y f u J o G m ;rnf j zpf a Mumif ;
if;u The Voice Weekly \ar;jref;
csufudkajzMum;onf/
ppfNidrf;ol? PfrsKd;atmif
NEWS
The
'k
Photo - nytimes.com
atmufwdkbmvwGif (0efBuD;csKyf
OD;EkOD;aqmifaom ygvDreftpdk;&
vufxuf) 'kw,
d orwtjzpf wm0ef
xrf;aqmifpOf jrefrmEdik if o
H Ykd vma&muf
vnfywfcJhzl;aMumif; The Foreign
Policy Journal \ rSwfwrf;rsm;t&
od&onf/
jrefrm-tar&duef ESpfEdkifiH
tar&duef - jrefrm
ukeo
f nfBu;D rsm;toif;zGYJ pnf;
&efukef? Ekd0ifbm 8
tar&duefjynfaxmifpk qefz
&efppudkaA;{&d,mtajcpkduf jrefrm
vkyfief;&Sifrsm;pkpnf; tar&duefjrefrm ukefonfBuD;rsm;toif;udk
Edk0ifbmv 5 &ufaeYwGif pwifzGJU
pnf;vku
d af Mumif; tqdyk gtzGUJ tpnf;
\xkwjf yefaMunmcsut
f & od&onf/
tqdkygtzGJUudk zGJUpnf;&jcif;
rSmtar&duefukrPDrsm; jrefrmEkdifiH
wGif &if;ESD;jrKyfESHEkdif&ef wm0ef,l
aqmif&Gufay;a&;ESifh ESpfEkdifiHtusKd;
jyKpD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;rsm; wkd;wufa&;
udk jrefrmtpdk;&ESifh jynfwGif;pD;yGm;
a&;vkyfief;&SifwdkYESifhyl;aygif;aqmif
&Guaf y;a&;wdYktwGuf &nf&,
G af Mumif;
if;wdkYuqkdonf/
tqdkygtzGJUwGif tBuHay;tzGJU
0ifrsm;tjzpf udk,fydkifpawmh&S,f,m
&if;ESD;jrKyfESHa&;vkyfief;&Sifrsm;? urm
ausmf qDvDuGefA,fvDrS ynm&Sifrsm;
tygt0if vkyfief;aygif;pHkrS vkyfief;
&SifBuD;rsm;? todynm twwfynm
&Sifrsm;ESifh yg0ifzGJUpnf;xm;aMumif;
,if ; xk w f j yef c suf w G i f a zmf j yxm;
onf/
tar&duef-jrefrm ukeo
f nfBu;D
rsm;toif;\ tvkyftrIaqmifrsm;
onf ,ckv 28 &ufaeYwGif aejynf
awmfusif;yrnfh pD;yGm;a&;avhvm
aqG;aEG;rIzdk&rfodkY yxrqHk;pwif
wufa&muf rnfjzpfaMumif; ,if;
xkwfjyefcsuft& od&onf/
4
The
VOICE
FOREIGN AFFAIRS
EDITORIAL
trsdK;om;vkHNcKHa&;
Ekid if w
H pfEidk if H wnfwcHh ikd Nf rJa&;twGuf vdt
k yfcsufrsm;onf
trsdK;om; vkkHNcKHa&;ta&;udprsm; (national security) jzpf
onfhtwGuf trsdK;om;vkNH cKHa&;udk axmifah phatmif aqmif&u
G f
Ekid rf o
S m jrefrmEkid if w
H nfwhHckdifNrJEkdifrnfjzpfonf/
EkdifiHwnfwHha&;twGuf vdktyfcsufrsm; rsm;ajrmifvSonf
jzpfonft
h wGuf bufpaHk xmifph rHk S Iaxmifrh sdK;pkjH zifh pOf;pm;rSom
jrefrmEkdifiH\ trsdK;om;vkHNcKHa&;awmifhwif;vdrfhrnfjzpfonf/
jynfyppf&efukd OD;pm;ay;pOf;pm;vQif Ekid if \
H ppfa&;tiftm;udk
t"duxm; pOf;pm;&rnfjzpfaomfvnf; EkdifiHwnfwHhckdifNrJa&;udk
Ncdrf;ajcmufEkdifonfrSm jynfyppfwpfrsKd ;wnf;r[kwo
f nft
h wGuf
ppfa&;r[kwaf om trsKd ;om;vkHNcKHa&;rsm; (non-military national
security) udkyg tav;ay;&rnfjzpfonf/
NAdwo
d QwYkd jrefrmEkid if u
H kd odr;f ydu
k Ef idk cf o
hJ nfrSm ppfa&;tiftm;
uGm[jcif;aMumifhomr[kwfbJ xdkpOfu udk,fprG ;f PfprG ;f edru
hf s
aejcif;? pD;yGm;a&; cRwfjcHKusjcif;? jynfwGif; EkdifiHa&;rwnfNidrf
tcsif;csif;pdwf0rf;uJGaejcif;? EkdifiHwumqufqHa&;tm;enf;jcif;
wkYd aMumifjh zpf&m jrefrmrsm; t*Fvyd w
f Ykd vufatmufus a&mufcJh
jcif;onf jrefrmhtrsdK;om;vkHNcKHa&;\ us,fjyefYaom obm0udk
awGUjrif&ef taumif;qkH;om"ujzpfonf/
obm0ab;tE&m,frsm;onfvnf; trsdK;om;vkHNcKHa&;
tE&m,frsm;yifjzpf&m em*pfrkefwdkif;wdkufcwftNyD; {&m0wD
jrpf0uRef;ay:a'owGif vlwpfodef;ausmf aoqkH;cJh&jcif; jrefrmh
pyg;usD {&m0wDjrpf0uRe;f ay:a'o\ pD;yGm;a&;txdemcJjh cif;onf
ppfa&;r[kwaf om trsKd ;om;vkNH cKaH &; tE&m,f om"uyifjzpfonf/
qif;&JraGJ wrIjrifrh m;jcif;aMumifh u@rsm;pGmwGif vdu
k yf gqkwf
,kwjf cif;? taxGaxGuse;f rma&; ,d,
k iG ;f NyD; a&m*gqd;k rsm;xlajymjcif;?
ynma&;,dr;f ,dik af omaMumifh todynma&csed f edru
hf sjcif;wdYkonf
vnf; trsK;d om;vHNk cHKa&;udp& yfrsm;yifjzpfonf/
wkdif;oljynfom;wdkY\ EkdifiHcspfpdwf? EkdifiHa&;wnfNidrfrI?
PfynmESiu
hf se;f rma&;? pD;yGm;a&;awmifw
h if;jcif;? acwfraD omrsKd ;cspf
wyfrawmf&jdS cif;? xufjrufwuf<uaom oHcif;wrefcif;? obm0
ab;tE&m,f (natural disaster) ESihf tMurf;zuf0g'uJo
h Ykd vlvyk af b;
tE&m,f (man-made disaster) udktjrefwYHkjyefEidk pf rG ;f wdYk&rdS o
S m
trsKd ;om;vkNH cKH
cKaH &;udk taumif;qk;H azmfaqmifEkdifrnfjzpfonf/
trsKd ;om;vkNH cKaH &;udk wnfaqmufrnfqv
kd Qif trsKd ;om;vkNHcKaH &;
\us,jf yefYeufidI ;f aomoabmESihf rdrEd idk if rH rd v
d rl sK;d twGuf y"me
usaom trsK;d om;vkNH cKaH &; taMumif;t&mrsm; yg0ifro
S m cdik cf ikd rf mrm
wnfaqmufEidk rf nfjzpfNyD; tpd;k &wGif wm0eft&Sdq;Hk jzpfaomfvnf; jy
nfwiG ;f wGirf w
DS if;aexdik Mf uaom wdik ;f oljynfom; tm;vk;H ESiyhf g wdu
k f u
kd f
oufqikd af eaMumif; The Voice Weekly u rD;armif;xd;k jyvdyk gonf/
t,f'Dwm (8.11.2012)
The
VOICE
Weekly
The Product of
Myanmar
Partners
Think Tank
Group
(A Sister
Publication of
Living Color
Magazine)
jref
EkkdifiHjcm;om;rsm; jrefrmEkdifiHwGif
VISA uwf pwifoHk;cGifU&rnf
Chief Editor - Kyaw Min Swe, Editor in-Charge-Zeya Thu, Managing Editor-Kyaw Naing,
Senior Executive Editors - Khine Cho Zaw Win Tin, Zin Zin Thaw, Thiri Zaw, Nwet Kay Khine,
Executive Editor- Kyaw San Min, Editor-Mya Hnin Aye, Thu Rein Hlaing @ Khunn Thu,
Graphic Editors -Myo Htoo Htet, Ngu War Khine, Soe Han, Hein Tint, Chief Reporter -Naing Min Wai, Photo Editor-Moe Kyaw Lwin,
Editorial Secretary- Aung Soe, Foreign Affairs - Aung Kyaw Soe (Desk Editor), Tin Aye Kyaw, Thant Zin Soe, Aung Nyein Chan,
Editorial Assistant- Swe Nyein Aye, Chan Nyein Phyu, Senior Reporters-Tin Linn, Min Myo, Moe Khine, Kyu Kyu Thin (Moe
Myay), Min Htet San, Kyi Kyi Lwin, Zin Mar Lar Htay @ Green, Kyaw Swar Soe, Aung Bo Bo Shein,
Junior Reporters - Pyae Phyo Lin, Aung Myint Htun, Aung Aung Tun, Zay Nway Tun,Thazin Oo, Kan Zaw, Le Yee Myint,
Freelance Reporters - Han Htet @ Myo Aung (Dawei), Ei Mon Aung, Thi Ha Phone Mo (Magway),
(Mandalay)- Ye Win Naing, Aye Thanda Tun,Win Shwe Yi Oo, Min Min Soe, Monywa - Ko Thet
Designer - Thein Aung Htut, Production - Aung Kyaw Sann (Manager) , Soe Win Zaw
DTP - Ma Khine (Manager), Cho Cho Zin, Khin Mar Myint, Kyi Chan Hnin,
Finance - Pe Aung Zin(Genernal Manager), San Thida (Manager), Htet Htet Nyein (Deputy Manager),
Saw Thandar Aye (Assistant Manager, HR), Publisher - Daw Khin Kywe Oo (4099),
Marketing - Kyaw Than (Manager), Phyu Phyu Thi (Deputy Manager), Min Aung, Pyae Phyo Aung, Nu Nu Nge, Shwe Sin Tun,
Distribution - Htet Khaung (Manager), Khin Myo Chit (Deputy Manager), Jack Too Too, Htet Aung, Receptionist - Su Eindray Oo,Lai Yee Oo
Web Administrator - waiyan, Web Team- thevoicewebteam@gmail.com, Website - www.thevoicemyanmar.com,
Office -No (458-460), 4th Floor (E), Corner of 31st Street and Mahabandula Road, Pabaedan Township, Yangon.
Tel: 01 - 242424, 389210, 389211, 372905.
Marketing - 01 242424, 09 51 76835, 01 11220284 , Distribution - 09 42 1006579, Hot Line (News) - 09 73248886, 0973064592.
E-mail-Admin; Chief Editor : c-editor@thevoiceweekly.net, News Room : newsroom@thevoiceweekly.net,
Press- Hnit Thit Oo Printing House Nawaday Cinema Compound , MayangoneTsp,Yangon.
VOICE
The
vl
&cdkifjynfe,f y#dyuppfaq;ta&;,lrI
jynfolxHcsjy&ef wdkufwGef;
armifawmwGif vufeufudkifrsm;ypfcwfrIaMumifU
t&yfom;wpfOD;ao? wyfrawmfom;oHk;OD; aysmufqHk;
6
The
VOICE
TECHNOLOGY
0ef
BuD;Xme Website rsm; tm;vHk; ,ckvrSpwifum jyefvnfjyKjyif&efESifh 'DZifbmvukefwGif tNyD;owfvTifhwif&ef EdkifiHawmforwHk; jynfaxmifpk0efBuD; OD;wifEkdifodef;u Ekd0ifbm 2
&ufaeYu aejynfawmfwGifusif;yaom e-Government vkyfief;pOfrsm; t&Sdeft[kefjrifhwifa&;ESifh taumiftxnfazmfa&;tvkyfHkaqG;aEG;yGJwGif ajymMum;onf/
taqmuftODrsm; wnfaqmufa y;
xm;NyD;jzpfaMumif;? 0efBuD;XmeESifh
Xmeqkdif&mrsm;u xdxda&mufa&muf
toH k ; cszk d Y o m vk d t yf a Mumif ; ES i f h
,cktcsdeftxd udk,fydkif Website
r&Sdaom0efBuD;Xme udk;cktxd&Sdae
ao;aMumif; qufo,
G af &;ausmif;tkyf
BuD; OD;ausmfpdk;u ajymMum;onf/
e-Government pepfatmifjrif
rI&Sdr&Sdudk tqifhig;qifhjzifh wkdif;
wmEkdifNyD; vuf&SdjrefrmEkdifiH&Sd tpdk;&
0efBuD;Xme Website rsm;wGif tajccH
tqifhjzpfaom tqifhwpfwGif 17
Xme? tqifEh pS w
f iG f 12 XmeESihf tqifh
oHk;wGif oHk;Xmeom&SdaeNyD; udk,fydkif
e-Government ppfwrf;t&
jrefrm
EkdifiHonf tmqD,Ha'otwGif;wGif
tqifh 10 odkYa&muf&SdaeNyD; atmuf
wGif wDarmwpfEkdifiHomusef&Sdum
uarm'D;,m;ESifh vmtdkwkdYatmuf
wGif wnf&Sdaeonf/ &JZGefatmif
rdb
k ikd ;f vfzek ;f tifwmeuftoH;k jyKcaumufco
H nfyU pkH H ajymif;rnf
&efukef? Edk0ifbm 6
Mumcsdefay:rlwnf wpfrdepf
GSM twG u f ES p f u syf E S i f h
WCDMA, CDMA 800 MHz twGuf
av;usyf EIe;f toD;oD;aumufaeonfh
rd k bdkif;vfzkef;tifwmeufEIef;xm;udk
Ed0k ifbmvukefrSpwifum oHk;pGJrI
"mwfykH-rkd;ausmfvGif
vQif
Android OS ay:f
Application
&efukef? Ekd0ifbm 6
jrefrmEkdifiH&Sd zkef;toHk;jyKol
trsm;pk toHk;jyKaeaom Android
OS ay:wG i f z wf I & ef c uf c J o nf h
jrefrmpm Font pepfrsm;udk tvG,f
wulzwfIEkdifaom wefcl; Font udk
pwiftoH;k jyKEkid Nf yDjzpfaMumif; tqdyk g
Application ud k zef w D ; xm;aom
xdefvif;a&T (ac:) Saturngod \
ud,
k yf ikd f Website wGiaf zmfjyxm;onf/
tqk d y g Application onf
oHk;pGJrIyrmPtay: owfrSwf
aumufcHrnfhpepfwGif Unlimitted
toHk;jyKvdkolrsm;twGufvnf; pDpOf
ay;oG m ;rnf j zpf N yD ; toH k ; jyKrnf h
a'wmyrmPt& 1GB, 2GB po
jzifh aps;EIe;f owfrw
S af &mif;csay;rnf
jzpfaMumif; if;xHrS od&onf/
]]aps;EI e f ; oif h w if h r Qwr,f
qdk&ifawmh BudKqdkygw,f/ EdkifiH
wumrSmvnf; 'DvdkyJvkyfaeMuwm
qdkawmhav/ Connection eJY ay;&wJh
wef z d k ; rQwr,f q d k & if aumif ; yg
w,f}} [k IT vkyfief;vkyfudkifol
OD;0if;xG#f[efu oHk;oyfonf/
vuf&SdEdkifiHwumwGifvnf;
Volume-Based pepfjzifh toHk;jyK
onfh Data yrmPay:rlwnfum
usoif h c ud k aumuf c H v suf & S d N yD ;
owfrSwfyrmPxufausmfvGefygu
xyfaqmif;aMu;owfrSwfay;acs&
onfh pepfudk usifhoHk;vsuf&SdaMumif;
awGU&onf/ aemfuu
kd ?kd &JZeG af tmif
&efukef? Ekd0ifbm 5
xyfrHa&mif;csxm;ay;vsuf&Sd
onfh usyEf pS o
f ed ;f wef GSM zke;f rsm;ESifh
usyEf pS o
f ed ;f ig;aomif;wef WCDMA
zkef;rsm;wGif ,cifuusyf 10 odef;
ausmfxd w&m;r0ifaps;aygufcJhaom
eHygwftwGJrsm;udk jrefrmhqufoG,f
a&;vkyif ef;u w&m;0ifavvHpepfjzifh
&efukefNrdKUawmfESifh rEav;NrdKUawmf
wdkYwGif a&mif;csoGm;rnfjzpfaMumif;
rdkbkdif;vftif*sifeD,mcsKyf OD;aX;0if;
u The Voice Weekly odYak jymMum;onf/
avvHpepfjzifha&mif;cs&mwGif
Murf ; cif ; aps;tjzpf rl v aps;EI e f ;
twkdif;usyfESpfodef;ESifh usyfESpfodef;
ig;aomif;toD;oD;owfrSwfrnfjzpf
NyD; trsm;qHk;aps;ay;Ekdifoludk a&G;
cs,fa&mif;csoGm;rnfjzpfum &efukef
ES i f h r E a v;twG u f wpf N rd K UvQif
tvH;k a& 60 cefYuEkd 0kd ifbmvtwGif ;
a&mif;csay;rnfjzpfaMumif; if;u
qufvufajymMum;onf/
,cif u yH k r S e f a ps;EI e f ; jzif h
a&mif;cs&mwGif eHygwftvSrsm;udk
qufoG,fa&;ESifhvufvSrf;rDolrsm;
u tqifajyovdk&,lNyD; jyifywGif
usyfodef; 10 *Pef;txdaps;wif
a&mif;csojzifh yGifhvif;jrifomrIr&Sd
bJ EkdifiHawmfb@maiGvnf; qHk;IH;
ojzifh ,cktBudrrf pS NyD; vlBudKufrsm;
onfh zkef;eHygwf*Pef;twGJrsm;udk
vpOf wpfvwpfBudrf avvHpepf
jzifhom a&mif;csoGm;rnfjzpfaMumif;
if;\tqkdt&od&onf/
]]uRefawmfuawmh rMum;rd
ao;bl;As/ 'gayrJh aumif;ygw,f/
tawGUtBuHKopfwpfckayghAsm/ yGifh
vif;jrifomrI&SdzdkYawmh vdkwmaygh/
'DvdkavvHpepfrsKd;qdkwmu EkdifiH
wumrSmawmh d;k aeMuayr,fh uReaf wmf
wd k Y qD r S m u enf ; enf ; pd r f ; aeMu
ao;w,f/ olwYkdqrD mS uawmh Online
avvHpepfawGeJY a&mif;MuwmrsKd;
awG&Sdw,f}} [k enf;ynmukrPDrS
aps;uGufjrihfwifa&;wm0efcHwpfOD;
u ajymMum;onf/
zkef;eHygwftvSrsm;udk pD;yGm;
a&;vkyfief;&Sifrsm;u t"dupdwf0if
pm;MuNyD; ,cifu jyifyzkef;qkdifrsm;
wGif aygufaps;xufav;ig;qtxd
aps;jrifhay;um 0,f,lMuaMumif;
aps;uGuftwGif;rS pHkprf;od&Sd&onf/
aemfudkudk
VOICE
The
MEDIA
jref
tpkd;&ykdifowif;pmrsm; yk*vduESifU
tusKd;wlyl;aygif;rnf
pmaypdppfESifUrSwfyHkwifXme trnfajymif;zGJYpnf;rnf
8
The
VOICE
wkdif;Hk; t,lcH0ifrnf
&efukef? Ekd0ifbm 8
ausmif;om;or*taqmufttHk jyefaqmufa&;tygt0if
tcsufav;csufawmif;qdk
&efukef? Ekd0ifbm 6
,cifausmif;om;or*taqmufttHk0if;twGif;&Sd
Adkvfatmifausmf txdrf;trSwftkwf*l
"mwfykH-rkd;ausmfvGif
or*rsm;vGwfvyfpGmvIyf&Sm;aqmif
&GufEkdifa&;ESifh ppfrSefaomtrsKd;om;
jyefvnfoifhjrwfa&;udk tcsdefqGJ
raebJ tjrefq;kH taumiftxnfazmf
aqmif&Gufay;a&;wkdYjzpfonf/
88 rsKd;qufausmif;om;acgif;
aqmif udkrif;udkEkdifurl awmif;qdk
csufav;csufudk tpdk;&u w&m;0if
wkHYjyef&efudkrl rarQmfvifhaMumif;?
ausmif;om;or*rsm;taeESifhvnf;
trSt
D cku
d if;Ny;D tcGit
hf a&;ESihf wm0ef
,lrIrsm;&Sd&efvdktyfaMumif; ajymqdk
onf/
]]ausmif;om;or*tzGUJ tpnf;
awGuawmh 'DaeYtxdysufroGm;bl;/
tJ'gaoG;xGufatmifrSefw,f/ or*
taqmuf t tH k u d k j yef v nf w nf
aqmufzkdY BudK;pm;aewJhtzGJUtpnf;
awG&Sdw,f/ atmifjrifwJhtxd quf
vkyf&r,f}}[k EkdifiHa&;tusOf;om;
a[mif; udo
k efYaZmfu ajymMum;onf/
jrefrmEkdifiHvGwfvyfa&;orkdif;
wGif ausmif;om;rsm;onf a&SUwef;
uyg0ifcJhjcif;? tmPm&Sifpepfudk
qefYusicf jhJcif;ESihf 'Dru
kd a&pD acwfajymif;
awmfvSefa&;wGif a&SUwef;rSyg0ifcJh
jcif;wkdYrSm ausmif;om;orkdif;jzpfae
onfhtwGuf ausmif;oHk;pmtkyfwGif
xnfhoGif;oifhaMumif; AuotzGJU
csKyf0ifrsm;u ajymqkdMuonf/
jynfxJa&;0efBuD;Xmeatmufodkh
rD;owfOD;pD;XmexnfUoGif;jcif; owif;rxkwfjyef
&efukef? Ekd0ifbm 6
MOTORING
VOICE
The
tyf
,mOftdk,mOfa[mif;tyfESHNyD;
tpm;xdk;wifoGif;cGifh pDrHcsufpwif
onfh 2011 ckESpf pufwifbmv 19
ta0;ajy;trsKd;orD;,mOfarmif;rsm; xGufay:&efpDpOf
&efukef? atm
atmuf
ufwdkbm 24
]]avvHtyfum;awGudk tcGef
avQmhayghay;r,fvdkY owif;xGufNyD;
uwnf;u jznf;jznf;csif;wufae
wm/ wcsKdUu usyf 93 odef;avmuf
a&mif;aeNyD}} [k if;uqdkonf/
rmZ'gavvHtyfum;rsm; &Sm;
aeNyD ; um;wif o G i f ; vd k o l r sm;ae
aMumif; bPfaiGpm&if;&Sdolwdkif;udk
um;wifoGif;cGifhjyKcJhpOfu pvpfaps;
onf usyfodef; 50 txdusoGm;NyD;
vGefcJhonfhvrSpNyD; jznf;jznf;csif;
jyefwufvmaMumif; ,ckusyfodef;
90 txdjzpfvmaMumif; qmul&m
um;ta&mif;pifwmrS wm0ef&Sdol
wpfOD;u ajymMum;onf/
yxrtqifhtaejzifh ESpf 40
ausmfoufwrf;&Sd p? q? Ztu&m
10
The
VOICE
jrefrmvlxt
k ajcjyKtzGt
YJ pnf;rsm; urmb
h Pf\
CDD
pDru
H ed ;f udpk ;kd &drf
&efukef? Ekd0ifbm 6
tnDay;rnfh vlxktajcjyKzGHUNzdK;wkd;wufa&;pDrHudef;
urmh bPfu jrefrmEkdifiHoudkY pdtul
k;&drfylyefrI&SdaMumif; vlxktajcjyKpDrHcefYcGJrIpifwm
CSO in Myanmar
urmb
h Pf\ Mum;jzwfr[mAsL[mpmwrf; jrefrmbmomjzifx
U w
k f
atmifr*Fvmum;0if;teD; vufum;aps;ESifU
,mOf&yfem;pcef;pwifwnfaqmuf
&efukef? Edk0ifbm 8
jzpfaom urmb
h Pfu jrefrmEkid if o
H Ydk
ay;tyfrnhf tultnDrsm;twGuf
Mum;jzwfr[mAsL[mpmwrf;tusOf;
udk jrefrmbmomjzifh bmomjyefqkd
xkwjf yefxm;aMumif; www.worldbank.
org wGifazmfjyxm;onf/
atmufwkdbmv 22 &ufaeY
u t*Fvdyfbmomjzifh xkwfjyefcJh
onfh pmrsuEf mS 18 rsuEf mS yg pmwrf;
wGifrl vlxktajcjyKzGHUNzdK;a&;vkyfief;
rsm;twGuf jrefrmEkdifiHtwGif; NrdKU
e,f 15 ck&Sd aus;&Gm 640 wGif tar
&duefa':vmoef; 80 ulnDoGm;
rnf[k a&;om;xm;onf/
,ckpmrsufESmav;rsufESmyg
jrefrmbmomjyeftusOf;wGifjyKjyif
ajymif;vJrIrsm; rckdifrmjcif;? vlrIa&;
y#dyursm;ay:aygufEkdifjcif;? tvSL
&Sifrsm;ESifh ndEdIif;a&;ratmifjrifjcif;?
jrefrmEkdifiHtaeESifh arQmfvifhcsuf
rsm;jym;vGef;ygu a&&SnfwGifpdwf
ysufoGm;Ekdifjcif;? tpdk;&\jyKjyif
ajymif;vJrI rEkdifreif;jzpfEdkifjcif;
ponf h pd k ; &d r f z G , f t csuf r sm;ud k
axmufjyxm;onf/
ur m h b Pf \ tqd k y gtul
tnDay;a&;vkyfief;rsm;udk vkyfudkif
&ef tqifh 10 qifhygonfhpDrHudef;
rsm; pepfwusjyKvkyfavhvmNyD;rS
om pwif&rnfjzpfNyD; urmhbPf
\ tultnDEiS hf acs;aiG&,lonfh Ekid if H
rsm;onf urmhbPf\ pnf;rsOf;
pnf;urf;rsm;udk vku
d ef mMu&aMumif;
ur m h b Pf \ tul t nD a y;a&;
pnf;urf;csurf sm;wGiaf zmfjyxm;onf/
tar&duefjynfaxmifpk 0g&Sif
wef ' D p D N rd K Uawmf tajcpd k u f u m
urmwpf0ef; Hk;cef;rsm; zGifhvSpfxm;
onf h ur m h b Pf v k y f i ef ; rsm;ud k
apmih f M unh f a vh v mvsuf & S d a om
Bank Information Center (BIC)
11
VOICE
The
News in Brief
Hk;csdefjyifywufa&mufEdkif
&efukef? Edk0ifbm 8
Evening-MBA Foundation Course pDrHcefYcGJrIoifwef;rsm;udk O.E.S.C
pDrHcefYcGJrIoifwef;ausmif;wGif Hk;csdefvGwf naeydkif;oifwef;rsm; ,ck
vmrnfh Edk0ifbmv 19 &ufaeYwGif zGifhvSpfay;oGm;rnfjzpfaMumif;
,if;oifwef;ausmif;xHrS od&Sd&onf/
oif M um;yd k Y csay;oG m ;rnf h t"d u bmom&yf r S m Global Human
Resources Management (GHR) bmom&yfjzpfNyD; ,if;oifwef;udk MBA
bGJUwufa&muf&ef jyifqifaeolrsm;? pD;yGm;a&;pDrHcefYcGJrI bmom&yfrsm;jzifh
xdawGUvdkolrsm;? vkyfief;&Sifrsm;? refae*smrsm;? Supervisor rsm; wufa&muf
EdkifaMumif;? GHR twef;udk wufa&mufvdkolrsm; OESC Training Center
tcef; 304? w-xyf "evdIifwm0g? ajreDukef;? '*Hkpifwm (II) teD;? jynf
vrf;? zkef;eHygwf-09-73094060? 01-519092 odkY qufoG,far;jref;
wufa&mufEdkifaMumif; O.E.S.C xHrS od&onf/
jyifqifcsuf
2012 ckESpf? Ekd0ifbmv 5-11 &ufaeYxkwf The Voice Weekly Vol.
8/ No. 14 pmrsufESm (17)&Sd ]wpfESpfcGJausmfMum&yfqkdif;&mrS ykdZkdvefpufkH
jyefvnfywf} owif;yxrpmyk'd yf g rauG;wkid ;f a'oBuD; ausmufyef;awmif;jrif;NcHum;vrf; tpm; rEav;wkdif;a'oBuD; ausmufyef;awmif;- jrif;NcH
um;vrf; [kvnf;aumif;? pmrsuEf mS (27)&Sd ]uk&d ;D ,m;oifcef;pm} aqmif;yg;
wwd,pmykd'fyg awmifukd&D;,m; abmvkH;orm; Shinji Kagawa tpm;
Park Ji-Saung [kvnf;aumif;? pmrsuE
f mS (36)&Sd ]wpfurmvk;H pdw0f ifpm;wJh
2012 tar&dueforwa&G;aumufy}JG aqmif;yg;yxrpmykd'fyg ppfat;umv
,ef;uD;rsm; pmom;tpm; yxrurmppfrwkid rf D jynfwiG ;f ppfumvu cGx
J u
G v
f dk
aom awmifykdif;om;rsm;u ajrmufykdif;om;rsm;ukd ,ef;uD;rsm;[k [kvnf;
aumif;? 'kw,
d pmyk'd yf g ukecf o
hJ nfh 2004 ckEpS f a&G;aumufyu
JG mv tpm;
ukecf o
hJ nfh 2000jynhEf pS f a&G;aumufyu
JG mv [kvnf;aumif;? pmrsuEf mS (8) &Sd
]&efuek w
f uov
kd f tBuD;pm;jyifqif} owif;yg Jhon Hopkin wuodkvfESifh
Center of Excellence twGuf em;vnfrIpmcRefvTma&;xdk;xm;cJhaMumif;
tpm; em;vnfrIpmcRefvTma&;xdk;&eftwGuf ndEdIif;aqG;aEG;aqmif&Gufvsuf
&Sad Mumif; [kvnf;aumif; jyifqifzwfaI y;yg&ef/
t,f'w
D m
Chae Jung An
wpf&ufESpfum;jyooGm;rnfjzpfNyD;
rdom;pkum;rsm;jzpfaMumif; if;u
qufvufajymMum;onf/
vufrSwfrsm;udk Ekd0ifbmv 7
&ufaeY aemufqHk;xm; tcrJhxkwf
,lEkdifaMumif;? 9 &ufaeYwGif 6 em&D
12
The
VOICE
,if;uJhodkY EdkifiHjcm;&if;ESD;jrKyf
ESHrI Oya'xGufay:vmjcif;aMumifh
EdkifiHjcm;om;0,fvufrsm; ajruGuf
us,rf sm;pHpk rf;vmaMumif;? ,if;tjyif
oDwif;uRwt
f NyD; ajr0,fxed ;f orm;
rsm;ESifh vkyfief;&Sifrsm; rEav;NrdKU
ay:&Sd ajruGufrsm;udk t0,fvu
kd v
f m
aMumif; rEav;NrdKUawmftajcpdkuf
0g&ift
h rd ?f NcH? ajr tusK;d aqmifrsm;u
ajymMum;onf/
]]EdkifiHjcm;&if;ESD;jrKyfESHrIOya'
xGuv
f mNyDqakd wmh t&ifuxuf 0,f
vufawGu ajruGufayus,fus,f
awG&Sm0,fvmw,f/ t"duNrdKUwGif;
u ajrudk0,fcsifwJholrsm;aew,f}}
[k rEav;NrdKUawmftajcpdkuf tdrf?
NcH? ajrtusKd;aqmif a':Zifrmjrifhu
qdkonf/
emrnfausmf
Parkson
0,fr,fqdkwmawmif ra&mif;Mu
bl;}} [k if;uajymMum;onf/
NyD;cJhonfh atmufwdkbmv
twGif; {uus,fajr0,fcsifaom
EdkifiHjcm;om;rsm; pHkprf;rI&SdcJhaMumif;?
rEav;NrdKUopf {&d,m&Sd ajruGurf sm;
vnf; ta&mif;t0,faumif;vmEdkif
NyD; vuf&SdwGif ajraps;jrifhwufvm
jcif;r&Sdao;aMumif; rEav;NrdKUopf&Sd
tdrf? NcH? ajrtusKd;aqmifrsm;u
ajymMum;onf/
]]&if;ESD;jrKyfESHvdkolawGtaeeJY
rvmao;bl;/ 'Dvykd J [dw
k ,faqmuf
csifvdkY? pufrIvkyfief;vkyfcsifvdkY ajr
10 {uavmufvckd sifvYkd qNkd yD; ar;ae
wmawG & S d w ,f / wu,f t a&mif ;
t0,frjzpfao;bl;/ EdkifiHjcm;&if;ESD;
jrKyfESHrIOya'vmvnf; vuf&SdrSm
ta&mif;t0,fajraps;u t&ifayguf
aps;udk ra&mufao;bl;/ tckcsdefrSm
aps;ESdrfha&mif;rS ta&mif;t0,fjzpfwJh
oabm&Sad ew,f}}[k rEav;NrdKUawmf
tajcpdkuf 0g&ifhtdrf? NcH? ajr tusKd;
aqmif OD;wifarmifuajymMum;onf/
,ckvuf&SdwGif um;jycef;rsm;?
ukrPDrsm;ESifh vlae&eftwGuf ajr
uG u f r sm; ta&mif ; t0,f j zpf a e
aMumif;? ta&mif;t0,fNidrfae&mrS
vuf&SdwGif t0,fvdkufvmojzifh
ajraps;yHkrSeftaetxm;odkY a&muf&Sd
aeaMumif; if;uxyfraH jymMum;onf/
pOf
1/
2/
3/
4/
5/
6/
7/
8/
9/
10/
11/
12/
13/
14/
trnf
yJqD
pm;tkef;qD
tmvl;
&Srf;MuufoGefjzL
MuLukwfMuufoGefjzL
MuufoGefeD
0g;c,frikwf&Snf
oMum;
anmifOD;aq;xef;
refusnf; (tom;)
*ZD,mqef
*awmifysHqef
*ay:qef;qef
*a&Tbkday:qef;
1 . 11 . 2012
4500
1480
700 - 940
600 - 1000
1600
700 - 1000
2100
1060
830
900
13200
23000
23500
35000
8 . 11 . 2012 +^4500
1430
600 - 710
600 - 1000
1600
675 - 1025
+
2200
+
1060
820
900
13200
23000
22500
34000
-
jrefrmha&Taps;
(usyf)
&ufpGJ
3.11.2012
5.11.2012
6.11.2012
7.11.2012
8.11.2012
Source
zGihfaps;
755300
754800
756000
766000
766500
urmYa&Taps;
(a':vm)
ydwfaps;
755500
755200
759000
769000
768400
zGihfaps;
1677
1679
1685
1723
1716
ydwfaps;
1678
1691
1729
1719
/ / &efukefwdkif;a'oBuD; a&Tvkyfief;&Sifrsm;toif;
pwkd;qkdif &efukefwGifzGifUvSpfrnf
(8-11-2012) ac:aps;
&efukef? Ekd0ifbm 6
rav;&Sm;emrnfausmf vufvD
ta&mif;qkdifBuD; Parkson Department Store udk 2013 ckEp
S f rwfvtwGi;f
&efuek Nf rdKUawmfwiG f pwifziG v
hf pS rf nf
jzpfaMumif; tqkyd gvkyif ef;ESiyhf ;l aygif;
aqmif&Gufaeonfh FMI ukrPD\
wm0ef&SdolwpfOD;u Ekd0ifbmv 6
&ufaeYwGif The Voice Weekly odkY
ajymMum;onf/
]]Parkson pwkd;u aemufESpf
rwfvrSmzGifhoGm;zdkY&Sdw,f/ vloHk;
ukefypnf;a&mif;cswJhu@udk 0ifzkdY
pNyD;ajcvSrf;vkdufwmyg/ 'gudk&if;ESD;
jrKyfESHrIjyKvkyf&r,fh aps;uGuftopf
wpfcv
k Ykd uRerf wkYd ujrifxm;ygw,f}}
[k tqkdygtrsKd;orD;u ajymMum;
onf/
tqkdygqkdifonf EkdifiHwum
wGif vlBudKufrsm;a&yef;pm;aeaom
wefz;kd BuD;vlo;kH ukeyf pn;f rsm;? t0wf
txnfrsm;ESihf tvSuek fypnf;rsm;udk
t"duxm;NyD;a&mif;csoGm;rnfjzpfNyD;
,cif FMI Center ae&mwGifzGifhvSpf
Ekid &f ef FMI aqmufvyk af &;ukrP
u
D
wm0ef,w
l nfaqmufaeaMumif; ,if;
aqmufvkyfa&;rS pHkprf;od&Sd&onf/
tqkyd gqkid u
f Okd ;D pD;rnfh Parkson
Myanmar Investment uk r P D u d k
Parkson Myanmar Co., Pte. Ltd.?
Yoma Strategic Holdings Ltd.
(YSH) ESifh First Myanmar Investment Co., Ltd. (FMI) wkdYyl;aygif;xl
aps;EIef;
(usyfodef;)
2009
7C
160
HONDA INSIGHT (Hybrid)
2007
2i
120
SUZUKI Swift
2000
1i
275
PAJERO (zm;jyKwf)
1998
9C
380
PRADO TZ
1998
1i
650
LANDCRUISER TX
1999
1i
350
HILUX Surf (ypnf;pkH)
2009
2i
135
TOYOTA BELTA
2007
1i
120
TOYOTA PROBOX
2010
2i
120
HONDA FIT
2010
1i
200
MARK II (a&Tig;) (ykHajymif;)
2009
2i
125
NISSAN AD (Van) (kyfajymif;)
,mOf\tajctaetay:rlwnf aps;EIef;ajymif;vJEdkifygonf/
,mOftrsKd;tpm;
armf',f
tu&m
tar&duefa':vm
(usyf)
,lkd
(usyf)
pifumyla':vm
(usyf)
5.11.2012
6.11.2012
7.11.2012
8.11.2012
843
843
1081
1078
688
688
843
843
1078
1075
688
689
a&eHpdrf;
"mwfaiGU
"mwfaiGU&nf
oMum;
yJykyf
ajymif;
*sKH (CBT)
*sKH(KCB)
aMu;eD
1 bbl
1 MMBtu
1 MT
1 lb
1 Ton
1 bu
1 bu
1 bu
1 lb
tar&duefa':vm
tar&duefa':vm
tar&duefa':vm
qifh
tar&duefa':vm
qifh
qifh
qifh
qifh
107.06
3.54
923.5
19.02
471.4
746.5
895.75
920.70
343.5
13
VOICE
The
wuodkvfrsm;t&nftaoG;jrifUwifa&; tvkyfHkaqG;aEG;yGJusif;yrnf
&efukef? Edk0ifbm 6
rmEdkifiH&Sd wuodkvfrsm;\ t&nftaoG;jrifhrm;a&;vkyfief;rsm; xda&mufpGmaqmif&GufEdkif&ef&nf&G,faom wwd,tBudrfajrmuf ASEAN University Network Quality Assurance (AUNEdk0ifbmv wwd,ywfwGif &efukefwuodkvf usif;yoGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; &efukefwuodkvf ygarmucsKyfu The Voice Weekly odkY ajymMum;onf/
,if ; oif w ef ; od k Y &ef u k e f jref r mEd k i f i H uk e f o G , f a &aMumif ; aqG;aEG;yGJudk qufvufusif;yoGm;
tqdkygoifwef;wufa&muf taoG;jrifhrm;a&;qdkif&mudp&yfrsm;
NyD ; onf h q&m? q&mrrsm;onf quf v uf t aumif t xnf a zmf wuodkvf? jrefrmEdkifiH a&aMumif; aumvd y f E S i f h avaMumif ; ynm rnf j zpf N yD ; ,if ; aqG ; aEG ; yG J w G i f
qifhyGm;oifwef;rsm; ydkYcsjcif;ESifh aqmif&GufoGm;rnfjzpfaMumif;vnf; ynmwuodkvf? rEav;wuodkvf? wuodkvfwdkYrS q&m? q&mr 35 OD; jynfyrS ynm&Sifudk;OD;u vma&muf
or0g,rwuodkvf (oefvsif)? wufa&mufrnfjzpfaMumif; &efukef yd k Y csay;rnf j zpf a Mumif ; &ef u k e f
oufqikd &f mwuov
kd t
f vdu
k f t&nf if;u ajymMum;onf/
wuodkvfu w&m;0if xkwfjyef wuodkvfxHrS pHkprf;od&Sd&onf/
xm;onf/
2011 ckEpS w
f iG f jynfywuov
kd f
vwfwavmwGif &efukefwu rsm;? ynma&;qdkif&m tzGJUtpnf;
odkvftaejzifh XmetwGi;f okawoe rsm; pkpkaygif; 50 ausmfu &efukef
&efukef? Edk0ifbm 7
rsm;? yg&*lbGJU,lusrf;rsm;ESifh r[m wu o d k v f o d k Y ynma&;qd k i f & m
G rf jIyKvyk &f ef vma&muf
jrefrmbmomavhvmrI wd;k wuf jzpf&ef vdktyfonfhtjyif jynfolY bmomavhvma&;twGuf yxrqHk; bG J U oif w ef ; rsm;twG u f t&nf yl;aygif;aqmif&u
ap&ef&nf&G,f jrefrmEdkifiHrS yg&*l quf q H a &;aumif ; rG e f & ef E S i f h pD r H ac:,ljcif;jzpfNyD; 2012 ckESpf Edk0if taoG ; jr i f h w if a &; vk y f i ef ; rsm; aqG ; aEG ; rI r sm;jyKcJ h a Mumif ; ? ,if ;
bGJU&rsm;udk NAdwdefEdkifiH University tkycf sKyrf w
I m0ef,El ikd &f ef vdt
k yfaMumif;? bmv 28 &ufaeY aemufqHk;xm; aqmif&Gufaeonfhtjyif Center of aqG;aEG;rI&v'frsm;onf &efukef
of Oxford - St.Antony's College \
xdkYtjyif oifMum;a&;ydkif;wGifvnf; hr@sant.ox.ac.uk od k Y tD ; ar;vf Excellence xlaxmifEdkif&eftwGuf wu o d k v f \ t&nf t aoG ; wnf
Aung San Suu Kyi Senior Research
tawGUtBuHK&S&d efvt
kd yfNy;D ta&SUawmif ay;ydkYavQmufxm;Edkifum tao;pdwf vnf ; n d E d I i f ; aqmif & G u f v suf & S d aqmuf a &; vk y f i ef ; rsm;twG u f
Fellow in Modern Burmese Studies
tm&S&d S bmompum;wpfrsK;d rsK;d wwfuRr;f tcsuftvufrsm;udk http://www. aMumif;? Edk0ifbmv pwkwywfwGif taxmuf t ul j zpf v mrnf j zpf
f uov
kd f ygarmucsKyf
ae&mtwGuf tcsdefjynfhig;ESpfwm &efvdktyfaMumif; tqdkygxkwfjyef admin.ox.ac.uk/finance/pensions/ vnf; Open Society Foundation \ aMumif; &efuek w
tultnDjzifh Workshop on Design u xyfavmif;ajymMum;onf/
uss wGif avhvmEdkifrnfjzpfonf/
wm0efxrf;aqmif&ef tvkyfac:pm csufwGif azmfjyxm;onf/
oif;&wempk and Methods in Social Research
w&m;0ifxkwfjyefaMumif; tqdkyg
tvkyf&&Sdygu jrefrmbmom
aumvdyfxHrS od&onf/
&yf a vh v m&mwG i f vG , f u l a p&ef
,if;tvkyfae&mavQmufxm; oifdk;Tef;wrf;rsm; jyifqifay;
vdkolrsm;taeESifh vlrIodyHESifh yg&*l jcif;? okawoevkyfief;rsm; jyKvkyf
bGUJ &&Sx
d m;ol odYkr[kwf jrefrmjynf\ ay;jcif;wdkY jyKvkyf&rnfjzpfonf/
ordik ;f a&;&mwdYkwiG f yg&*lbUJG &&Sx
d m;ol
tqd k y g&mxl ; ud k jref r mpm &efukef? atmufwdkbm 13
vlwkdif;ynmwwfajrmufap azmifa';&Si;f \ 'kw,
d Ou| OD;atmifMunf rsm;twGuf EdkifiH&yfjcm;&Sd wuodkvf
a&;&nf&G,fcsufjzifh jrefrmEkdifiHynm u ajymMum;onf/
ausmif;aumif;rsm;udk &SmazGay;jcif;?
a&;azmifa';&Si;f udk atmufwb
dk mv
]]'Dv 25 &ufaeYrmS 'Dazmifa'; wufa&mufEidk &f ef aqmif&u
G af y;jcif;
13 &ufaeYwiG f pwifzUJG pnf;cJah Mumif; &Sif;&JU yxrqHk;aqmif&GufrItaeeJY rsm;jyKvkyfoGm;&ef&SdaMumif; ,if;
ABE (UK)
tqdkygazmifa';&Sif;\ Ou|jzpfol a';'&JNrKd Uu tajccHausmif;wpfausmif; azmifa';&Si;f \ em,ujzpfol &efuek f
&efukef? Edk0ifbm 1
jrefrmEdkifiHrS wuodkvf0ifwef;atmifjrifNyD; Business Management, yef;wkid Of ;D oef;armifu ajymMum;onf/ jyKjyifzdkYtwGufaiGoGm;vSLzdkY&Sdw,f}} wu o k d v f ygarmu c sKyf ( Nid r f ; )
xdkazmifa';&Sif;onf tajccH [k if;uqkdonf/
a'gufwmxG e f ; cif u The Voice
Marketing Management ESifh Financial Management bmom&yfrsm;udk
tajccHausmif;rsm;wGif ynm Weekly odkY ajymMum;onf/
pdwf0ifpm;olrsm;? jynfy qufvufynmoifMum;&ef &nf&G,fxm;ol rsm;? ynmausmif ; rsm;\ vd k t yf o nf h
jrefrmEkdifiHynma&;azmifa';
vkyfief;cGiftwGif; Management Level ESifh 0ifa&mufvkyfudkifvdkolrsm; ESifh yp n f ; rsm;ud k tvsOf ; oif h o vd k qnf ; yl ; aeonf h a usmif ; om;rsm;
ud k , f y d k i f p D ; yG m ;a&;vk y f u d k i f v d k o l r sm;twG u f Ed k i f i H w umtod t rS w f j yK vSL'gef;oGm;rnfjzpfaMumif;? ynma&; ynmoifaepOfausmif;rxGufapa&; &S i f ; wG i f vuf & S d e m,utzG J U ES i f h
NAdwdefEdkifiH ABE (Association of Business Executives) u ppfaq;aom u@omru usef;rma&;ESihf ausmif; twGuf UNICEF ESifhyl;aygif;aqmif pnf;Hk;a&;aumfrwDtzGJY pkpkaygif;
Oy"daumif;rGefa&; ponfwdkYtwGuf &Guf&ef&SdaMumif;? tqifhjrifhynm&yf tzGUJ 0if 62 OD;yg0ifzUJG pnf;xm;onf/
Diploma, Higher Diploma ESifh Graduate Diploma pmar;yGJrsm;udk ajzqdkEdkif&ef
yg yHhykd;oGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; ,if; rsm;udk wufa&mufvo
kd nfh ausmif;om;
oif;&wempk
YCTC (Yangon Consultancy & Training Center) wG i f wu o d k v f r S
0g&ifu
h xdu q&m? q&mrBu;D rsm;u avhusio
hf ifMum;ydYkcsay;oGm;rnfjzpfonf/
wuodkvf0ifwef;atmifjrifNyD;olrsm;onf Foundation oifwef;
wufa&muf&efrvdkbJ Diploma odkY wufa&mufEdkifNyD; wuodkvf 'kwd,ESpf
wufa&mufaeolrsm;onf Higher Diploma odkY wdkufdkufwufa&mufEdkifum &efukef? Ekd0ifbm 3
pD;yGm;a&;ESifhoufqdkifaom bGJU&&SdNyD;olrsm;onf Graduate Diploma odkY
pifumylEidk if H trsK;d om;zGUH NzKd ;a&; xkwfjyefonf/
ausmif;olrsm;udk ESppf Ofatmufwb
dk mv
wdu
k f u
kd w
f ufa&mufEikd af Mumif;? vkyo
f uf? &mxl;tqifEh iS hf ynmt&nf tcsi;f 0efBuD;XmevufatmufwGif&Sdonfh
Diploma oif w ef ; umvrS m
ESifh {NyDvwdYkwiG f ac:,lavh&NdS yD; ,ck
tay:rlwnf Level uif;vGwfcGifh&&SdEdkifaMumif; YCTC u xkwfjyefonf/ tpd;k &tif*sief ,
D mausmif;wpfausmif; oHk;ESpfMumjrifhrnfjzpfNyD; 2 ESpfcGJNyD; tcg{NyDv0ifciG t
hf wGuf ausmif;om;
'DZifbmausmif;ac:csdeftwGuf pwifavQmufxm;EdkifNyD; tao;pdwf jzpfaom BCA Academy wGif wuf qHk;csdefwGif Job Attachment yg&Sd rsm;udk pwifvufcHaeNyDjzpfaMumif;?
od&Sdvdkolrsm;ESifh oifwef;wufa&mufvdkolrsm;onf YCTC zkef;-558364? a&muf vdak om jrefrmausmif;om;rsm; aomaMumifh vkyfief;cGifr0ifa&mufrD tao;pd w f pH k p rf ; vd k y gu BCA
09-420118100? trSwf (212)? D-501 a&T*Hkwdkifwm0g (uarmZbPf twGuf 2013 ckEpS f {Nyv
D ausmif;0ifciG h f Working Experience &&S d r nf j zpf Academy \ jrefrmEkdifiH w&m;0if
teD;) a&T*Hkwdkifvrf;? A[ef;NrdKUe,fodkY qufoG,fpHkprf;ar;jref;Edkifonf/
udk avQmufxm;wufa&mufEkdifNyDjzpf aMumif;? ukrPDrsm;wGif tvkyfp0if ukd,fpm;vS,fjzpfaom Care Forever
aMumif; tqkyd gausmif;xHro
S &d &dS onf/ onfh tcsdefrSp jrefrmausmif;om;? zke;f 09-73113092? 09-8625443?
ausmif;olrsm;taejzifh vpm S$2200 09-5166240 odYk ar;jref;Ekid af Mumif;
BCA Academy onf Diploma
ajcmufckudk oifMum;ydkYcsvsuf&Sdum &&SdrnfjzpfaMumif;? ukrPDrsm;wGif tqkdyg ynma&;0efaqmifrIvkyfief;
Ph.D
rdrdESpfouf&mbmom&yfudk a&G;cs,f BCA Academy onf ausmif;om;? xHrSod&Sd&onf/
&efukef? atmufwdkbm 16
um 0ifciG ahf jzqd&k ygrnfjzpfaMumif;?
urmx
h yd o
f ;D wuov
kd w
f pfcjk zpfaom University of Melbourne ESihf xdyo
f ;D xkd0ifc G i f h pmar;yG J w G i f IELTS/
ukrPD IBM wkdYyl;aygif; Ph.D bGJUtwGuf ynmoifqkudk jrefrmEkdifiH rS TOEFL tqifhoifhr&Sdao;aomol
ausmif;om;rsm;tygt0if EkdifiHwumrSxl;cRefaom ausmif;om;rsm;udk rsm;ESifh wuodkvf0ifwef; trSwf
yxrqH;k tBudrf ay;tyfrnfjzpfaMumif; GRACE ynma&;0efaqmifrv
I yk if ef;rS enf;olrsm;yg 0ifa&mufajzqdkEkdifNyD;
ESpfpOfjrefrmausmif;om;awGudkac:,laeusjzpfwJh Heinrich Bll
wm0ef&o
dS u
l The Voice Weekly okYdajymMum;onf/
GCE "O" Level ajzqdak tmifjrifxm;
f ufa&mufzYdk ynmoifqk
Stiftung u atmufygtpDtpOfawGrmS bGUJ vGew
xdyk nmoifq&k &So
d rl sm;ukd Ph.D oifwef;oH;k ESpcf u
JG mvtwGi;f aexdik f aom ausmif;om;? ausmif;olrsm;onf
avQmufEkdifaMumif;udk 2013 ckESpf twGuf ac:,laeygNyD/
p&dw?f ausmif;p&dw?f c&D;p&dwEf iS hf okawoep&dwrf sm;ay;rnfjzpfaMumif;? ,if;oif BCA Academy odkYwkdufdkuf0ifcGifh&Sd
(1) Master of Arts in Economic (International Program, 2 academic
wef;wGif xl;cReaf usmif;om;rsm;udk IBM \ okawoeynm&Sirf sm;u teD;uyf aMumif;? yxrynmoifEpS w
f iG f GPA
years) at Thammasat University, Faculty of Economics, Bangkok.
BuD;Muyfvrf;nTerf nfjzpfNyD; University of Melbourne \ Melbourne Materials () 3.5 &S d a om ausmif ; om;?
Application Deadline: 21 December 2012,
Extended Deadline: 28 December, 2012
Institute (MMI) wGif vufawGUokawoersm;jyKvy
k Ef idk af Mumif;? ynmoifqt
k wGuf ausmif ; ol r sm;onf 'k w d , ynm
(2) Master of Arts in Social Sciences (Development Studies),
okawoe ckepfckjyKvkyfEkdif&rnfjzpfaMumif; if;u&Sif;jyonf/
oif E S p f E S i f h wwd , ynmoif E S p f
(International Program, 2 academic years) Chiang Mai University,
xkYd tjyif ynmoifqak vQmufxm;vkyd gu okawoetawGUtBuHK&SNd yD; twG u f tpd k ; &ynmoif q k u d k
The Regional Center for Social Science and Sustainable Development
olrsm;? r[mbGUJ udk GPA 3.8 odYkr[kwf ,if;xufrsm;aom&rSw&f &Sx
d m;olrsm; avQmufxm;Ekid af Mumif;? xdk Scholarship
(RCSD), Faculty of Social Sciences, Chaing Mai.
odYrk [kwf yxrwef;txl;atmif (First Class Honours) wGif trSwf 85 &mcdik Ef eI ;f &&Sd &&Sdaom ausmif;om;? ausmif;olrsm;
Application Deadline: 31 March 2013
(3) Master of Arts in International Development Studies (MAIDS),
olrsm; avQmufxm;Ekid Nf y;D Ek0d ifbmv 30 &ufaeYrwkid rf D avQmuf&rnfjzpfaMumif;ESihf onf ausmif ; vc vG w f N id r f ; cG i f h
(International Program, 1 academic year) Chulalongkorn University
trSwf (190)? yxrxyf? (28)vrf; (tay:bavmuf)? yef;bJwef;NrKd Ue,f? &efuek ?f tjyif BCA Academy rS xyf r H
Application Deadline: 31 Marach 2013
zkef;- 372357? 09-5140802 odkY qufoG,fpHkprf;EkdifaMumif; txufyg csD;jrifhrnfh pifumyla':vm 900 udk
http://boell-southeastasia.org/web/52-473.html
ynma&;0efaqmifrv
I yk if ef;xHrS od&onf/
[efox
l eG ;f &&Srd nfjzpfaMumif; tqkyd gausmif;u
jref
vlrIodyHyg&*lbGJY&jrefrmrsm;udk
Oxford tvkyfac:
jrefrmEkdifiHynma&;azmifa';&Sif; pwifzGJYpnf;
News in Brief
wufa&mufvdkolrsm;udk oifMum;ydkhcsrnf
urmhxdyfoD;wuodkvfESifUukrPD yxrqHk;tBudrf
ynmoifqkay;rnf
Scholarship Info
14
The
VOICE
&ef
"mwfykH-rkd;ausmfvGif
Labour
tqkdygtvkyform; 30 ausmf
teuf tvkyform; ig;OD;rSm Ekd0if
bmv 7 &ufaeYtxd aq;HkwGif
ukoae&qJjzpfNyD; ,if;ig;OD;wGif
tpmiwfcH qEjytvkyform;ESpfOD;
yg0ifaMumif;? aq;Hkwufaeaom
tvkyo
f rm;rsm;rSm Adu
k af tmifjh cif;ESihf
ESvHk;tarmazmufjcif;wdkY trsm;qHk;
jzpfymG ;NyD; tif;pdeNf rdKUe,f jynfoYlaq;Hk
ESifh a&TjynfomNrdKUe,faq;HkwdkYwGif
ukocJh&aMumif; if;wkdYuqkdonf/
tqdkygtvkyform;rsm;onf
pufHkxJ0ifa&muf tvkyfvkyfcGifh
&&Sda&;tygt0if tcsufig;csufudk
awmif;qdkaejcif;jzpfNyD; ,if;awmif;
qkdrIudk tvkyf&SifESifh tvkyform;
0efBuD;XmewdkYu wpfpHkw&mndEdIif;
ay;jcif;r&Sdojzifh qEjyawmif;qkdrI
14 &ufajrmufaeY Ek0d ifbmv 7 &ufaeY
wGif awmf0ifrdom;pk ukrPDHk;csKyf
a&SUodYk qEjyawmif;qd&k ef csDwufchJ
Muaomfvnf; tpDtpOfajymif;oGm;cJh
aMumif; ,if;awmif;qdkrIwGifyg0if
aom tvkyform;wpfOD;jzpfol OD;ae
vif;OD;u ajymMum;onf/
]]tvkyf&Sifu pufHku tvkyf
om;awGudk ac:xm;w,f/ vHkNcHKa&;
awGcsxm;w,f/ qEawmif;qdkwJh
tvkyform;eJY pufHkrS vuf&Sdtvkyf
vkyfaewJh tvkyform;tcsif;csif;
y#dyujzpfrSmudk pdk;&drfvdkYukrPDa&SU
rS m jyr,f h t pD t pOf u d k r&rf ; uk e f ;
tvkyform; TefMum;a&;OD;pD;Xme
H k ; a&S U ud k a jymif ; vk d u f w ,f } } [k
rav;&Sm;EkdifiHtwGif; yk*v
du
vkyfief;rsm;wGif 0ifa&mufvkyfudkif
aeaom tvk y f o rm;rsm;twG u f
tenf; qHk;vkyfctjzpf wpfvvQif
&if;*pfudk;&m (297 a':vm) tajccH
vpmjy|mef;csuu
f kd twnfjyKowfrw
S f
jcif;r&Sdao;aMumif; tvkyform;
0efBuD;Xme aejynfawmfrS wm0ef&Sdol
t&mxrf;wpfOD;u ajymMum;onf/
]]ol w d k Y buf u awmh bmrS
taMumif;Mum;pmrvmao;ygbl;/
wpfu,fvdkY owfrSwfvkdufw,fqdk
&if 'Dudkawmh today;rSmyJ}} [k if;
uqkdonf/
ta&SUawmiftm&SwGif wwd,
pD;yGm;a&;tiftm;tBuD;qHk;EkdifiHjzpf
onfh rav;&Sm;Ekid if o
H nf 2020 jynfEh pS f
vkyif ef;&Sit
f csKUd \ uefYuu
G af eonfh
Mum;rS National Wage Committee
\ wifjycsufjzpfonfh tvkyform;
rsm;\aeYpm;tedrq
hf ;kH EIe;f xm;wk;d jrifh
ay;a&;udk twnfjyKay;cJhonf/
]]rav;&Sm;ac:pmrSmuawmh
tajccHvpm ig;&mhig;q,f? ajcmuf
&mvkdYyJygw,f/ udk;&mvkdYrygbl;/
'gudkMunhfjcif;tm;jzifh jrefrmtvkyf
orm;awGtwGuf owfrSwfcsufudk
twnfrjyKao;bl;vdkYajym&rSmyJ}}
[k &efukefNrdKUawmftajcpdkuf jynfy
tvkyftukdif&SmazGa&;at*sifpDwpfck
\ tkyfcsKyfrI'gdkufwm wpfOD;u
qkdonf/
vkyfcvpmESifhywfouf qE
jyrIrsm; rMumcPjzpfay:avh&Sdaom
jrefrmEkdifiHwGifvnf; tvkyform;
rsm;\ tedrfhqHk;vpm Oya'Murf;
jy|mef;vkdufNyDjzpfonf/
roefpGrf;olrsm; tvkyf&&Sda&;
rsufESmpHknDtajz&Smrnf
&efukef? Ekd0ifbm 7
pD ; yG m ;a&;vk y f i ef ; rsm;wG i f
roefpGrf;olrsm;tvkyftudkif&&SdEkdif
a&;twGuf pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;&Sifrsm;
ESihf roefprG ;f olrsm; yl;aygif;tajz&Sm
aqG;aEG;yGJudk Ekd0ifbmv 13 &ufrS
15 &ufaeYtxd &efukefNrKdU IBC
(International Business Center) wGif
jyKvkyfoGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; jrefrm
Ekid if H roefprG ;f olrsm;a&SUaqmiftzGUJ rS
tpDtpOf'gdkufwm OD;aevif;pdk;u
ajymMum; onf/
zGHUNzdK;wdk;wufvmaom pD;yGm;
a&;vkyfief;rsm;wGif roefpGrf;olrsm;
yg0ifvkyfudkifcGifhwkd;yGm;vmap&ef?
roefpGrf;olrsm;tusKH;0ifEkdifaom
tvk y f t ud k i f r sm;ES i f h ywf o uf
jynfolvlxkod&SdrIudk jrifhwif&ef
tawGUtBuHKa0rQ&ef ponfh&nf&G,f
csufrsm;ESifh jyKvkyfjcif;jzpfaMumif;
if;uqkdonf/
tqkdygaqG;aEG;yGJwGif pD;yGm;
a&;vkyif ef;&Sif 30 OD;cefYEiS hf roefprG ;f
olrsm;tzGJUtpnf; 40 zdwfxm;NyD;
pkpkaygif; vl 100 ausmfwufa&muf
Murnfjzpfum ,if;aqG;aEG;yGJudk
jrefrmEkdifiHroefpGrf;olrsm;a&SUaqmif
tzGUJ ? a&Trif;om;azmifa';&Si;f (jrefrm)
ESifh tultnDay;a&;ESifh jyefvnfxl
axmifa&;toif; (atattm-*syef)
wkYd y;l aygif;vkyaf qmifjcif;jzpfaMumif;
roefpGrf;olrsm;a&SUaqmiftzGJUxHrS
od&Sd&onf/
roefpGrf;oltcsKdUonf pD;yGm;
a&;vkyfief;rsm;wGif 0ifa&mufvkyf
udkifvsuf&SdMuaomfvnf; tvkyf
tudkif&&SdrI tcGifhtvrf;enf;yg;
aMumif; roefpGrf;oltzGJUtpnf;rsm;
xHrS od&Sd&onf/
]]roefpGrf;awGudk tvkyfcefY
xm;wJh tvkyf&SifawGu tvkyfrcefY
xm;wJh tvkyf&SifawGudk tawGU
tBuH K awG ES D ; aES m zvS , f M ur,f } }
[k OD;aevif;pdk;u xyfrHajymMum;
onf/
15
VOICE
The
ykZGefuefrsm;wl;azmfjcif;ESifh NcHcwf
umv,f,majrrsm;owfrSwfjcif;
rsm;aMumifh jyKef;wD;rIrsm;jzpfay:
aMumif; &cdkifjynfe,fopfawmOD;pD;
&efukef? Ekd0ifbm 5
{&m0wD w k d i f ; a'oBuD ; wG i f
bufpHkoHk;rkefwkdif;'PfcHtaqmuf
ttHk Multi-Purpose Shelter 45 vHk;
aqmuf v k y f o G m ;rnf j zpf a Mumif ;
u,fq,fa&;ESihf jyefvnfae&mcsxm;
a&;OD;pD;XmerS nTefMum;a&;rSL;csKyf
OD;pk;d atmifu The Voice Weekly odkY
ajymMum;onf/
]]tckaqmufrSmu Cyclone
Shelter rkefwkdif;'PfcHtaqmufttHk
BuD;r[kwfygbl;/ olYxufenf;enf;
tif;awmfBuD;? atmufwdkbm 29
tif;awmfBuD;ig;rsKd;pdwfrsm;xdef;odrf;&ef
tif;avvHcGefay;aqmifcGifU FOW wifjy
jrefrmEdkifiH\ tBuD;qHk;a&csKd
uef j zpf a om tif ; awmf B uD ; uef
twGif; ig;o,HZmwaygrsm;vmap
a&;twGuf tif;awmfBuD; awmdik ;f
wd&pmefab;rJah wmtwGif;&Sd txuf
eefYwdrftif; avvHcGefay;aqmifcGifh
udk awmdkif;wd&pmefxdef;odrf;a&;
rdwaf qGrsm;toif; (FOW)u ucsif
jynfe,ftpdk;&tzGJUodkY tif;awmfBuD;
uef ig;rsKd;pdwfrsm; a&&SnfwnfwHh
yGm;rsm;apa&; tvkyfHkaqG;aEG;yGJwGif
wif j yxm;aMumif ; tqd k y gtzG J U
wm0ef&Sdol OD;jrifhatmifuajymMum;
onf/
tqdkygtvkyfHkaqG;aEG;yGJudk
rd;k ni;f NrdKU cdik t
f axGaxGtyk cf sKyfa&;
rSL;H;k wGif atmufwb
kd mv 20 &ufaeY
u usif;ycJhjcif;jzpfonf/
tif;awmfBuD;ueftwGif; ig;
rsK;d pdwrf sm; jyefvnfw;kd yGm;vmapa&;
wGif taxmuftuljzpfap&ef &nf
&G,af Mumif;? tqdyk gtif;onf ucsif
jynfe,f\ ig;rsKd;rsm; a&TUajymif;
usufpm;&m ta&;Bu;D aomvrf;aMumif;
teuf wpfckyg0ifNyD; ig;rsm;Otk
om;ayguf&m taumif;qHk;ae&m
jzpfonfhtjyif a'o&if;ig;rsKd;pdwf
rsm; ayg<u,f0jcif;aMumifh tvGef
ta&;ygonfh ae&mwpfcjk zpfaMumif;?
,if;aMumifh xda&mufaompDru
H ed ;f rsm;
vkyfaqmif&ef oufqdkif&mXmersm;
ESifh yl;aygif;taumiftxnfazmfvdk
NyD; usoifo
h nfh Edik if aH wmftif;avvH
cGet
f ygt0if pDrx
H ed ;f odr;f a&;vkyif ef;
rsm;twGuf FOW u wm0ef,al y;acs
rnfjzpfaMumif; if;uajymMum;onf/
vGJrGefaus;&Gm tkyfcsKyfa&;rSL;
OD ; aomif ; pd e f u a&vk y f o m;rsm;
ao;wJh bufpHkoHk;rkefwkdif;'PfcH
taqmufttHk Shool Cum Shelter
awGaqmufrSmyg/ 'DtaqmufttHk
udk obm0ab;tE&m,fusa&muf&if
ckdvHIzdkYtwGuf oHk;Ekdifovkd {&m0wD
wkdif;a'orSm&SdwJh uav;awGtwGuf
pmoifausmif;tjzpfvnf;oHk;vdkY&
ygw,f}} [k if;uqkdonf/
tqkyd grkew
f idk ;f 'PfcH taqmuf
ttHkrsm;udk aqmufvkyf&ef {&m0wD
wdkif;a'oBuD; tpdk;&tzGJUrSwifjy
jcif;jzpfaMumif;? {&m0wDwkdif;a'o
BuD;onfawmifukef;jrihfrsm;r&Sdaom
ajrjyifnDaom Flat Area jzpfonfh
twGuf obm0ab;'Pfct
H aqmuf
ttHkrsm; ydkrdkvdktyfaMumif;? ,if;
taqmufttHkrsm;udk a&vkyfom;
rsm;twGuf if;wdkYvkyfief;cGifESifh eD;
EkdiforQeD;atmif yifv,fESifh teD;
qHk;ae&mrsm;wGif wnfaqmufoGm;
rnfjzpfaMumif;? rkd;wGif;umvwGif
vrf;yef;qufo,
G af &;raumif;onfh
twGuf obm0ab;usa&mufcsdef
wGif rajy;vTm;Ekdifaom oufBuD;
&G,ftdkrsm;ESifh uav;oli,frsm;
twGuf ,if;taqmufttHkrsm; wGif
pm;eyf&dumrsm;xnfhay;xm;rnf
jzpfaMumif;? ,if;taqmufttHkrsm;
aqmufvkyfay;&ef UNDP, INGO
16
The
VOICE
pyfukefoG,fa&;wGif vuf&Sdydwfyifxm;aom t&uf? bD,m? pD;u&uf? yDau? acsmuvuf ponfhukefypnf;rsm;udk rMumrDw&m;0ifwifoGif;cGifhay;Edkif&ef XmewGif;aqG;aEG;vsuf&SdaMumif;
e,fpyfukefoG,fa&;OD;pD;XmerS 'kwd,TefMum;a&;rSL;csKyf OD;GefYatmifu ajymMum;onf/
tqdkygukefypnf;rsm; e,fpyf
rS w&m;0ifwifoGif;cGifhjyKvdkufygu
jynfwGif;vkyfief;&Sifrsm; xdcdkufrI
r&Sad pa&;twGuf tao;pdwaf qG;aEG;
vsu&f adS Mumif; if;u w&m;r0ifuek f
oG,frI wm;qD;xdef;csKyfa&; vkyfief;
nEd iId ;f tpnf;ta0;yGw
J iG af jymqdo
k nf/
]]t&uf? bD,m? pD;u&ufawG
udk wifoGif;cGifhajzavQmhay;wmu
0ifvm&ifvnf; jynfwGif;rSmvnf;
xkwfvkyfrI&Sdaeawmh wifoGif;cGifhay;
wm ydwfvdkuf zGifhvdkufrvkyfcsifvdkY
aqG;aEG;aew,f}} [k e,fpyfuek o
f ,
G f
a&;OD;pD;Xmeu 'kw,
d TeMf um;a&;rSL;
csKyf OD;GefYatmifu ajymMum;onf/
e,fpyfukefoG,fa&;rSwpfqifh
oGif;ukefrsm;udk ,cifuxuf uefY
owfrIajzavQmhay;rIrsm;? tcGefrsm;
avQmhay;jcif;&Sad omfvnf; w&m;r0if
vrf;aMumif;rS ukepf nfrsm; wifoiG ;f
vsuf&SdaMumif; if;uqdkonf/
,if;uJhodkY w&m;0ifwifoGif;
cGijhf yKrnfqo
kd nfo
h wif;aMumifh jynfy
Edik if x
H w
k f t&ufrsKd;pHak ygufaps;onf
wpf y k v if ; vQif usyf E S p f & mcef Y rS
usyfav;&mcefYtxdjrifhwufoGm;
rEav;? atmufwdkbm 27
pufbD;tzGJU0ifckepfOD;onf atmuf
rEav;? Ekd0ifbm 3
txufygtwkid ;f ajymMum;jcif;jzpfonf/
,if;Oya'xGuaf y:NyD; tmqD,H
bHpk epfwpfcak zmfaqmifEidk yf gu a'o
wGif; EkdifiHrsm;tcsif;csif;? EkdifiHom;
tcsif;csif;taejzifh vlrIa&;? pD;yGm;
a&;? ynma&;ponfh u@rsm;tm;vH;k
wGif wpfpw
d w
f pf0rf;wnf;aqmif&Guf
aexkid rf nfjzpfaMumif; if;uqko
d nf/
tmqD,H xdyfoD;tpnf;ta0;
rsm;udk Ekd0ifbmv 12 &ufrS 16 &uf
2013
tmqD,Hqkdif&m vlYtcGifUta&;Oya'xGufay:&ef&Sd[kqkd
,ckvtwGi;f usif;y&ef&adS om
tmqD , H xd y f o D ; tpnf ; ta0;
tmqD,Hqkdif&m vlYtcGifhta&;Oya'
udk rJcGJqHk;jzwf twnfjyKxGufay:
vm&ef&SdaMumif; South East Asian
aps;EIef;qufvufjrifhwufEdkif
aMumif; rEav;wdik ;f a'oBuD; csrf;jr
ompnfNrdKUe,f&Sd xGef;awmuft&uf
Nidrf;azmifa';&Sif;rS wm0ef&Sdolrsm;?
&Srf;? ucsif? rGef? csif;? {&m0wD?
rEav;wkid ;f a'oBuD;wdYkrS t&yfbuf
vlYtzGJUtpnf;rsm; wufa&mufcJhMu
aMumif; tvkyfHkaqG;aEG;yGJ rSwfwrf;
rsm;t& od&Sd&onf/
SEA Games
r,fqikd -f wmcsv
D w
d -f wmav-,ef;c
-usKdif;wHk-rdkif;vm;-yefMuL;-&ifuGJ
awmif-aemifcsKd-crf;yg-rdkif;ysOf;rd k i f ; ysOf ; axmif x d y f - rd k i f 30tif;armif;-a[GU[if-qdik rf eG -f cdv
k ef
-BudK;wHwm;-erfhpH-vdGKifvif-rdkif;
yGef-[dkykef;-awmifBuD;-anmifa&Tatmifyef;-yif;w,-&GmiH-NrdKUBuD;[efjrifhrdk&f-ausmufqnf-rEav;
pkpak ygif; 845 rdik jf zpfaMumif; c&D;pOf
t& od&Sd&onf/
,if;tzGUJ onf NyD;cJo
h nfEh pS u
f
ig;odkif;acsmif;-*G-oHwGJ-iyvDawmifukwf-jynfc&D;pOfudk pD;eif;
cJah Mumif;? 2009 ckEpS w
f iG f Mandalay
Mountain Bike Group ukd zGJUpnf;cJh
aMumif; ,if;tzGJUxHrS od&onf/
c&D;Murf;jzwfpufbD;NydKifyGJ xnfUoGif;&efpDpOf
rEav;? Ekd0ifbm 2
yg0ifEkdifzkdY tm;upm;0efBuD;Xme
jynfaxmifpk0efBuD;eJYawmh oHk;Budrf
awGUNyD;ygNyD}}[k if;uqkdonf/
jrefrmEkdifiHwGif usif;yrnfh
qD;*drf;NydKifyGJwGif c&D;Murf;jzwfausmf
pufbD;NydKifyGJ jyKvkyfrnfqkdygu BudK
qkd&rnfjzpfNyD; tEkdif&&eftwGuf
BudKwifjyifqifrIrsm;vnf; jyKvkyf
xm;&rnfjzpfaMumif; rEav;pufbD;
pD;tzGJU0ifwpfOD;u ajymqkdonf/
atmufwkdbm aemufqHk;ywf
twGif;wGif Mandalay Free RiderMFR pufb;D pD;tzGUJ 0ifrsm;onf xki
d ;f
Ed k i f i H jyKvk y f o nf h Chiangmai
Downhill Challenge NydKifyGJ vlopf
wef;wGif 0ifa&muf,SOfNydKifcJhNyD;
Mandalay Mountain Bike Group
rav;pdrf;a&mifpdk &ckdifa'ooGm;a&mufvSL'gef;
rEav;? Ekd0ifbm 3
obm0"mwfaiGYyu
kd v
f ikd ;f jzwfajray: oD;ESpH u
kd yf sK;d cGijUf yKrnf
rEav;? Ekd0ifbm 3
onf/
]]aiGom;? qeftw
d f 200? ]jrefrmjynfppfruftjrefNidr;f csrf;ygap} pmwrf;
ygwD&Syftxnf 10000 yg0ifr,f/ rEav;NrdKUcHrsm;eJY Kenbo ukrPDu
vSL'gef;wJh tvSLaiGeJYypnf;rsm;udk udk,fpm;oGm;a&mufvSL'gef;jcif;jzpfw,f}}
[k if;uqkdonf/
&ckid jf ynfe,f'u
k o
nfpcef;rsm;odYk vSL'gef;&mwGif bl;oD;awmif? ajrmufO;D ?
rif;jym;NrdKUe,fwdkYudk wpfNrdKUvQif qeftdwf 50 ESifh wD&Syf 2500 tcsKd;us
vSL'gef;oGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; tqkdygtzGJUxHrSod&Sd&onf/
rav;wGif &yf&GmtajcjyKoifwef;rsm;zGifUrnf
rEav;? atmufwdkbm 15
17
VOICE
The
udkif;wkdif;a'oBuD; uav;NrdKUESifh ukd;rkdiftuGm csif;awmifajc BudKUoHk;yiftkyfpk om,m&Gm\ taemufajrmufbufawmpyf&SdusLawmwGif b*FgvDvlrsKd; 19 OD;udk Ekd0ifbmv 5 &ufaeYwGif
zrf;qD;&rdcJhNyD; if;wdkYudk uav;NrdKUtwGif;vSnfhvnfjyocJhaMumif; tqdkyga'ocHrsm;u The Voice Weekly odkY ajymMum;onf/
w,fq&kd if *sme,fawGuyJo&d w,f/
zrf;qD;&rdaom b*FgvDrsm;udk rdepf 30 cefY vSnhfvmum NrdKUe,f
awGU&w,f/ tckawmh udk,fwdkifrsuf
vkdufx&yfum;rsm;jzifh wifaqmif &Jpcef; wm0ef&Sdolrsm;xHodkYtyfESHay;
jrif a wG U cJ h & w,f / owif ; awG r S m
vmum NrdKUwGif;odkYvSnfhvnfcJhNyD; cJhaMumif; if;uajymMum;onf/
vnf; zwfxm;&awmh udk,fha'oudk
zrf;qD;rdcJhaomolrsm;xJwGif
r*FvmO,smOfausmif;wkdufodkYac:
umuG,f&r,fqdkwJh todwpfckawmh
aqmifcJhaMumif; ausmif;wkdufwGif jrefrmpum;wwfaom armifawmNrdKU
&cJhw,f}} [k r*FvmO,smOfausmif;
vma&mufMunhfIol y&dowf 1500 e,frS b*FgvDav;OD;yg0ifaMumif;?
wd k u f o d k Y oG m ;a&muf M unf h I c J h o l
cefY&SdcJhNyD; trsKd;bmom omoem if;wdkYonf vGefcJhaom 12 &ufcefY
wpfOD;u ajymMum;onf/
umuG,fapmifha&Smufa&;toif;u uwnf;u ,if;ae&mwGifykef;cdkae
trsK;d bmom omoemumuG,f
tjrifzGifha[majymyGJ rdepf 20 cefY xkdifcJhMuaMumif;? Ekd0ifbmv 2 &uf
apmifha&Smufa&;toif;rSvnf; ,ck
aeYwGif a'ocHwpfOD;u awGUjrifcJhNyD;
jyKvkyfcJhaMumif; if;uqkdonf/
zrf;rdaom 19 OD;tygt0if b*FgvD
]]t"duawmh jynfolawGudk uav;NrdKU&Sd trsKd;bmom omoem
vufawGUcsjywmygyJ/ 'Dvdk0ifvmol umuG,fapmihfa&Smufa&;toif;odkY 10 em&DtcsdefwGif ukd;OD;? pkpkaygif; uwnf;u tJ'DudkoGm;MuNyD; zrf;qD; 50 OD;udk zrf;qD;ay;EdkifcJhNyD; ig;Budrf
awG&adS ew,f/ ud,
k ahf 'oudu
k muG,f quf o G , f o wif ; ay;cJ h u m ,if ; 19 OD;zrf;qD;EkdifcJhum b*FgvDwpfOD; cJhMuygw,f/ usLawmBuD;jzpfvdkY ajrmufzrf;qD;ay;cJhjcif;jzpfaMumif;
apmihfa&SmufMu&r,fqdkwm odapcsif toif ; u avh v mapmih f M unh f N yD ; ESiv
hf rf;jywpfO;D wdYk rmS xGuaf jy;vGwf usLikwfawGeJYvnf; xdcdkufrdw,f/ ,if;toif;xHrS od&onf/
cd;k 0ifb*FgvDrsm;onf uav;NrKd U
vdkYyg}} [k ,if;toif;rSwm0ef&Sdol Ekd0ifbmv 5 &uf eHeuf 8 em&D ajrmufoGm;aMumif; tqdkygtoif; xG u f a jy;oG m ;wJ h o l a wG u d k v nf ;
d e,fpyf&dS wrl;NrdKUESihf
rdepf 30 cefYwGif oGm;a&mufzrf;qD; xHrS od&onf/
wpfOD;u ajymMum;onf/
awmifukef;awGay:txd cufcufcJcJ twGi;f odYk tdE,
S pfqifh 0ifa&muf
rGe;f vJG 2 em&Dtcsed w
f iG f NrdKUwGi;f cJhaMumif;? 9 em&DtcsdefwGif 10 OD;?
k v
f zH rf;qD;cJ&h ygw,f}} [k zrf;qD; csi;f awmifwef;wdYkrw
]]uRefawmfwdkY reuf 4 em&D vdu
&mwGifyg0ifcJhol vli,fwpfOD;u vmcJMh ujcif;jzpfNyD; jrefrmEdik if H &efuek f
NrdKUawmfESifh rav;&Sm;EdkifiHwdkYwGif
ajymMum;onf/
uav;cdik t
f wGi;f 2012 ckEpS f tvkyfvkyfudkifMu&ef &nf&G,fcsuf
twGif; b*FgvDrsm; cdk;0ifvmrIydkrdk jzifh 0ifa&mufvmcJMh ujcif;jzpfaMumif;?
rsm;jym;vmaMumif;? ,ckzrf;rdaom ,ckzrf;rdaom b*FgvDrsm;udk NrdKUe,f
yckuL? Ekd0ifbm 2
rauG;wkdif;a'oBuD; yckuL 21 &ufaeYwGif pwifzGJUpnf;cJhNyD; rsm; pk p nf ; xm;jcif ; jzpf a Mumif ; 19 OD;tygt0if 80 OD;ESifh vrf;jy &JwyfzGJUwGifxdef;odrf;xm;&Sdum ppf
cdkiftwGif; ynma&;u@zGHUNzdK;rI NrdKUe,ftwGif; wuodkvf0ifwef; yckuLNrdKUe,f ynma&;azmifa';&Sif; ajcmufO;D &SNd yDjzpfaMumif; cdik f v.0.u aq;aeaMumif; tqdyk guav;NrdKUe,f
rS wm0ef&o
dS w
l pfO;D uajymMum;onf/ &Jpcef;xHrS od&onf/
taxmuftuljyKEkid &f ef NrdKUe,ftqifh atmif xl;cRefausmif;om;? ausmif; xHrS od&Sd&onf/
jrwf(uav;)
]]t&ifwkef;u b*FgvDawGrd
atmifjrifpGmaqmif&GufNyD;pD;ygu olrsm;udk *kPfjyKqkcsD;jrifhEdkifa&;?
yckuLcdkifynma&;azmifa';&Sif;udk qif;&JEGrf;yg;NyD; ynmoif&efcufcJ
kd 0f ifwef;atmif xl;cRef
wkd;csJUaqmif&GufoGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; aom wuov
yckuLNrdKUe,f ynma&;azmifa';&Sif; ausmif;om;? ausmif;olrsm;udk wwfprG ;f
Ou| OD;pdefrif;u ajymMum;onf/ oa&GU ynmoifp&dwfaxmufyHha&;?
yckuL NrdKU acwfa&SUaqmifcef;r NrdKUe,fwGif;rSae xl;cRefxufjruf
atmufwkdbmv 27 &ufaeYwGif aom EkdifiHh*kPfaqmif todynm&Sif?
jyKvkyfaom yckuLNrdKUe,fynma&; twwfynm&Sifrsm; pOfqufrjywf
azmifa';&Sif; rwnftvSLaiGay;tyf ay:xGef;a&; ponfh&nf&G,fcsuf uav;? atmufwdkbm 29
yGJESifh *kPfjyKvTmay;tyfyGJtcrf;tem; oHk;&yfjzifh taumiftxnfazmfjcif;
uav;NrdKUe,fawmifydkif; a&eH oHk;qDaygufaps;\ 75 &mcdkifEIef;jzifh od&onf/
]]usif;ydkif&SifawGqkd&ifawmh
wGif OD;pdefrif;u ,if;odkYajymMum; jzpfaMumif; tqkdygazmifa';&Sif;tzGJU arSmfrsm;rSxGuf&Sdonfh a&eHrsm;udk 0,f,l&efawmif;qkdcsufESifhpyfvsOf;
0if OD;&JxG#fu ajymMum;onf/
jcif;jzpfonf/
aygufaps;\ 65 &mcdik Ef eI ;f jzifh 0,f,l NyD; txufygtwkdif; a'oqdkif&m a&eHudkvGwfvyfpGmo,fydk;a&mif;cs
azmifa';&Sif;udk yckuLNrdKU&Sd oGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; cs,&f D ;kd rukrP
,if;tcrf;tem; wuodkvf
D tmPmydkifrsm;a&SUwGif if;u ajym cGifhjyKygw,f/ 'gayrJh ukrPDudkyJ
a&mif;r,fhqDjzpf&r,f/ vrf;c&D;rSm
0if w ef ; pmar;yG J w G i f rauG ; wk d i f ; ok*wdapwemvlrIulnDa&;toif;? \ tkycf sKyfr'I gdu
Mum;onf/
k w
f m OD;Munf&edS u
f
a'oBuD ; wpf w k d i f ; vH k ; yxrqk vli,ftm;rmeftoif;? 0ea&myu atmufwkdbmv 27 &ufaeYwGif
]]jzpfEkdif&ifawmh uRefawmfwkdY tzrf;tqD;awGrcH&atmif uRefawmf
f opf
&oltygt0if xl;cRefausmif;om;^ opfyifpdkuftzGJU? yknrk'dwmvlrIa&; jyKvyk af om a'ocHa&eHvyk o
f m;rsm;ESihf u 100 &mcdkifEIef;tjynfhvdkcsifwm wkYdbufu ulnaD y;r,f? arSmcf iG t
hJ al wGuv
kd nf; jynfph akH tmif
ol 16 OD;wkdYudk qkcsD;jrifhcJhaMumif; toif;? aoG;vSL&Siftoif;? tedp ndEIdif;aqG;aEG;yGJ ajymMum;onf/
ayghAsm/ tckjzpfwmu ukrP
aD tmuf prf;oyfwo
vl r I u l n D a &;toif ; ? &J o l a tmif
if;uqkdonf/
d ahJ rSmaf wGrmS tm;vH;k u qDaps;EIe;f axmufyHhay;oGm;r,f/ arSmfa[mif;
a&eHvkyfom;rsm;\ awmif;qkd rSm&Sw
yckuLNrdKUe,f ynma&;azmif toif ; ? Ak ' o moe[d w um&u csuf 10 csufwGif trSwfpOf(6)jzpf wpfajy;nDwnf;r&SdwmyJ/ 'gaMumifh rSm cGifopf&SmwmrsKd;awmh rjzpfap&
a';&Si;f udk 2012 ckEpS f pufwifbmv toif; ponfhvlrIulnDa&;toif; aom a&eHprd ;f wpfyyD gvQif a'opuf wpfajy;nDwnf;&apzkdY awmif;qkd& bl;aygh}}[k OD;Munf&Sdefu tqkdygyGJ
wmyg}}[k a&Tjynfom a&eHarSmfrS wGif ajymMum;onf/
vuf&Sd uav;NrdKUwGif a&eH
a&eHvkyfom;wpfOD;u ajymqkdonf/
uav;NrdKU tkyfcsKyfa&;rSL;Hk; pdrf;aygufaps;rSm usyfESpfodef;cefY&Sd
cef;rwGif atmufwb
dk mv 27 &ufaeY aMumif;? cs,f&Ddk;rukrPDvkyfuGuf
oufqidk &f mtmPmydik rf sm;ESihf a&eH twGif;rS a&TjynfomarSmf\ qDtrsKd;
vkyfom;rsm; ukrPDrS wm0ef&SdolwkdY tpm;rSm tnHhpm;jzpfNyD; aps;jrifh
awGUqHkcJhNyD; a&eHvkyfom;rsm;awmif; rm;pGmr&jcif;aMumifh wpfyDygvQif
qkdaom tcsuf 10 csufudk ndEIdif;rI usyf &Spfaomif;cGJay;xm;aMumif;?
rEav;? Edk0ififbm 4
jyKvkyfcJhMuaMumif; a&eHvkyfom;rsm; tjcm;arSmfrsm;wGif wpfyDyg usyfwpf
ppfudkif;wdkif;a'oBuD; aus;&GmrD;vif;a&;pDrHcsuft& aus;&Gm 35 &GmwGif qdkvmpepfwyfqifum
od e f ; wpf a omif ; ay;xm;aMumif ;
xHrSod&onf/
rD;ay;&efpDpOfvsuf&SdaMumif; atmifjrefrmukrPDvDrdwufrS Ou|OD;aZmfav;vGifu ajymMum;onf/
tqkyd gyGw
J iG f cs,f&D ;kd rukrP
D od&um ,aeYawGUqHkyGJwGif ndEIdif;
,if;pDrHcsuft& aus;&Gmaygif; 35 &Gm&Sd tdrfajcoHk;axmifausmfudk qdkvmpepfjzifh rD;&&Sdap&ef aqmif&Guf
onf ukrPDydkif{&d,mukd trsm; rIt& aygufaps;\ 65 &mcdkifEIef;
vsuf&Sd&m ,cktcg tdrfajcaygif; 340 cefY NyD;pD;NyDjzpfaMumif; if;uajymqdkonf/
jynfolod&Sdap&eftwGuf jyKvkyfay; ay;&rnfjzpfNyD; tNyD;owfaqG;aEG;
tqdkygrD;vif;a&;wGif wdkif;a'oBuD;tpdk;&tzGJUu ukefusp&dwfxuf0ufcefYxnfh0ifNyD; usefwpf0ufudk
rnfjzpfaMumif;? a&eHarSmfrsm;rS usef; rIt& a&TjynfomarSmfrS a&eHwpfyDyg
wyfqifolrsm;uay;aqmif&aMumif; rHk&GmNrdKUa'ocHwpfOD;u ajymMum;onf/
rma&;? ynma&;ESifh arSmfrsm;rS a&eH vQif usyf udk;aomif;av;axmifESifh
]]wpftdrfudk rD;yGifhoHk;ck&w,f/ 12 AdkYtm;&w,f/ OD;pm;ay;taeeJY vQyfppfr&&SdEdkifwJh aus;&GmawG
vkyfom;rsm; vGwfvyfpGma&mif;cscGifh tjcm;arSmfrsm;rS a&eHwpfyDygvQif
t"duxm;ay;w,f}} [k OD;aZmfav;vGifu ajymMum;onf/
&&Sad pa&;wkYd twGuf ulnaD y;rnfjzpf usyf w pf o d e f ; av;axmif a ps;jzif h
wkwfjynfolYorwEdkifiHxkwf qdkvmypnf;rsm;jzifh wyfqifay;NyD; wyfqifcukefusp&dwfrSm wpftdrf
aMumif;? a&eHrsm;udkvnf; vufiif; 0,f,loGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; ,if;
vQif 57000 usyf ukefusonfhtwGuf wpftdrfvQif qdkvmrD;&&Sda&; 28500 usyfay;acsonf[k if;u
aiGacspepfjzifh 0,f,o
l mG ;rnf[ak jym ukrPDxHrS od&onf/
ajymMum;onf/
Mum;cJhaMumif; a&eHvkyfom;rsm;xHrS
jrwf(uav;)
yckuLcdkifynma&;azmifa';&Sif; zGJYpnf;&efpDpOf
18
The
VOICE
pkpnf;vkyfaqmifvmaom
t&yfbufvlYtzGJYtpnf;rsm;
aqGNidrf;at;? oD&d
rmEkid if w
H iG f 'Dru
kd a&pDpepfoYkd pwifu;l
ajymif;vmjcif;rSm oufwrf;tm;jzifh
wpfESpfausmfumvodkY a&muf&SdvmonfESifhtrQ
t&yfbufvYl tzGUJ tpnf;rsm;\ tcef;uvnf;
tm;aumif;vmonfudk awGUjrif&onf/
xkdokdY t&yfbufvlYtzGJUtpnf;rsm; tm;
aumif;vmonfESihftrQ 2012 ckESpf atmuf
wkb
d mv 16 &ufrS 19 &ufaeYtxd vmtkEd idk if H
AD,efuse;f NrdKUwGif usi;f yaom e0rtBudrf tm&S
-Oa&my vlxEk ;DS aESmzvS,yf JG (AEPF9) odYk jrefrm
Ekid if &H dS t&yfbufvYl tzGUJ tpnf;rsm;jzifh pkaygif;
zGJUpnf;xm;aom Myanmar CSOs Working
Group tzGJU wufa&mufcJhMuNyD; tqdkygESD;aESm
zvS,yf rJG &S &Scd ahJ om tawGUtBuHKrsm;udk owif;pm
&Sif;vif;yGJjyKvkyfcJhonfrS jyefvnfazmfjyvdkuf
ygonf/
]]'D AEPF u usif;ycJhwm tckqdk&if
udk;Budrfajrmuf&SdcJhygNyD/ t&ifwkef;u jrefrm
EkdifiHtaeeJY oGm;cJhw,fqkdayr,fh wufa&muf
cJhwJhvlOD;a& enf;cJhygw,f/ tckvdk uGef&uf
ckepfcek YJ yk*v
u
d tzGUJ tpnf;uvlawG pkpnf;NyD;
oGm;cJw
h m yxrqH;k jzpfNyD; oGm;wJv
h Ol ;D a&vnf;
trsm;qHk;ygyJ}} [k tqdkyg AEPF9 okdY jrefrm
EkdifiHudk,fpm;jyK wufa&mufcJholrsm;wGif yg0if
olwpfOD;jzpfol Gender and Development
Initiative- Myanmar rS trIaqmif'gkdufwm
OD;qvdik ;f tdu
k Zf ufcifu jyefajymif;ajymjyonf/
jrefrmEdik if t
H aeESifh tqkyd gyGo
J Ydk t&yfbuf
tzJUG tpnf;rsm;rS vlaygif; 20 eD;yg;oGm;a&muf
cJhaMumif;? ,cifujyKvkyfaom AEPF yGJrsm;odkY
oGm;a&muf&mwGif ,ckuo
hJ Ykjd ynfwiG ;f rSomG ;a&muf
aom vlOD;a&rrsm;&jcif;rSm ,ciftpdk;&vuf
xufwGif tpkta0;ESihf oGm;cGifhr&jcif;aMumifh
jrefrmEkdifiHjyifyvkyfaeaom vlrIa&;tzGJU
tpnf;rsm;uom oGm;a&mufrrI sm;aMumif; jrefrm
EkdifiHudk,fpm;jyKoGm;a&mufcJhaom tzGJUwGif
OD;aqmifoltjzpfyg0ifcJhol &wemharwmtzGJU
\ Ou|jzpfol OD;jrifhaqGuajymMum;onf/
AEPF onf tm&SEi
S hf Oa&myEkid if rH sm;wGif
2 ESpfwpfBudrf tvSnhfususif;yaom tm&S-
jrefrmEdik if o
H m; ti,fwef;yef;csDynm&Sirf sm;twGuf PARKROYAL Yangon [kw
d ,fu ]jynfjrefrmESiv
hf ufw
JG a&SUodYk csDwufMuygpkYd }
acgif;pOfjzifh Youth Art Award 2012 yef;csDNydKifyGJwpf&yfudk usif;yoGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; tqkdyg[kdw,f\taxGaxGrefae*sm Mr. Ram
Nurani u ajymMum;onf/
av;ESpfajrmufusif;yrnfh ,if;yef;csDNydKifyGJrSm jrefrmEdkifiHol? EdkifiHom;ti,fwef;u yef;csDtEkynm&Sifrsm;\ tEkynmyg&rDt&nf
taoG;rsm;? wDxGifBuHqrIpGrf;&nfrsm; wkd;jrifhwuf<uvmap&ef &nf&G,fusif;yjcif;jzpfaMumif; if;uqufvufajymMum;onf/
,ckEpS w
f iG jf yKvkyrf nhf ,if;NydKifyw
JG iG f vli,fyg&rD&iS x
f ;l cReq
f ?k yef;csaD &;qGjJ cif;ynmtaumif;qk;H qk? taumif;qH;k okyaf zmfa&;qGEJ ikd rf q
I k?
taumif;qkH;zefwD;EkdifrIpGrf;&nfqk? taumif;qHk;aq;a&mifaygif;pyfEkdifrIpGrf;&nfqkrsm;udkwpfqkvQif tar&duefa':vm 100 ay;tyf
csD;jrifhoGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; tqkdygyef;csDNydKifyGJ\tpDtpOft& od&onf/
tqdkygNydKifyGJodkY touf 14 ESpfrS 20 ESpf&Sd jrefrmEkdifiHom;rsm;yg0if,SOfNydKifEkdifNyD; NydKifyGJ0ifolrsm;onf ukd,fydkifpdwful;'DZdkif;jzifh
acgif;pOfESifhudkufnDatmif a&;qGJxm;aom yef;csDum;wpfum;pDudk Ekd0ifbmv 23 &ufaemufqHk;xm;um PARKROYAL Yangon odkY
ay;ydkY&rnfjzpfaMumif;? ,if;NydKifyGJwGif yxrqktjzpf tar&duefa':vm 800 ESifh uefa':vm 200 wefzkd;&Sd Artists' Oil Color Wood Box
Set? 'kwd,qktjzpf tar&duefa':vm 500 ESifh uefa':vm 80 wefzdk;&Sd Acrylic Color Wood Box Set? wwd,qktjzpf tar&duefa':vm
300 ESifh uefa':vm 80 wefzdk;&Sd Acrylic Color Wood Box Set wkdYudk csD;jrifhoGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; ,if;tpDtpOfwGifazmfjyxm;onf/
wuodkvfausmif;om;av;rsm;u tultnD
ay;onfudk awGU&aMumif;? jrefrmEkdifiHtaejzifh
2014 ckESpfwGif tmqD,HOu|tjzpf wm0ef,l
rnfjzpfojzifh EkdifiHwumyGJaygif;ajrmufjrm;
pGmudk wm0ef,lusif;y&rnfjzpfojzifh BudKwif
jyif q if x m;&rnf j zpf a Mumif ; a'guf w m
cifaZmf0if;u jznfhpGufajymqdkonf/
jrefrmEkid if o
H nf 2014 ckEpS w
f iG f tmqD,H
Ou|tjzpfwm0ef,lawmhrnfjzpf&m xdktcsdef
wGif tjcm;tmqD,HEkdifiHrsm;rS vma&mufrnfh
olrsm;twGuf ADZmrvdb
k 0J ifa&mufciG u
hf kd cGijhf yK
ay;&rnfjzpfaMumif; vmtdEk idk if t
H awGUtBuHKESifh
,SOf a'gufwmcifaZmf0if;u ]]uRefawmfwdkY
vmtdo
k mG ;&r,ht
f csdeu
f pDpOf&wmeD;oGm;awmh
ADZmrpDpOfvkduf&bl;/ 'DuaeNyD; ydkufqHb,f
avmuf,loGm;&rvJ? [kdrSmtqifajyyghrvm;
awG;ylcahJ yr,fh vmtdak &mufawmh jrefrmEkid if u
H
qkdwmeJY wjcm;bmrSrajymbJeJY wpfcgwnf;
ESpfywf wHk;xkay;w,f/ jrefrmEdkifiHvnf;
aemufqkd&if 'Dvdkvkyfay;&rSmyg}} [kqkdonf/
Myanmar CSOs Working Group tzGJU
taeESifh tqdkygyGJodkY oGm;a&muf&efBudKwif
jyifqifrIrsm; jyKvkyfcJhyHkudkvnf; ,ckuJhodkY
ajymqdkonf/
]]'DuroGm;cifrSm uGef&uftoD;oD;&JU
tawGUtBuHKawG ,loGm;ygw,f/ NyD;awmh
Nidrf;csrf;a&;eJY ywfoufwJhokawoeawG?
v,f,majreJY ywfoufwJhtcsuftvufawG
tJ'gawGudk BudKwifpkpnf;NyD;awmh vkyfaqmif
oGm;cJyh gw,f}} [k BudKwifjyifqifrEI iS yfh wfouf
Myanmar CSOs Working Group tzGJU0if
rsm;u ajymqdkonf/
xdkodkY tm&S-Oa&my vlxkESD;aESmzvS,fyGJ
(AEPF 9) odkY wufa&muf&mrS&&Sdaom tawGU
tBuHKrsm;udk jrefrmEkid if t
H wGuf rnfoYkd jyefvnf
toHk;csrnfudkvnf; ,ckuJhodkY ajymqkdonf/
]]jrefrmEkdifiHtwGufbmawG toHk;csEkdif
ovJqadk wmh jrefrmEkid if t
H mqD,H Ou|jzpfvmwJh
tcg? EdkifiHwumtqihf yGJawGusif;ywJhtcg
b,fvkdawGpDpOfaqmif&Gufw,fqdkwm odvm
wJhtwGuf jyefNyD;toHk;csvmEkdifr,f/ tJ'Du
&wJh Statement awGudk tpdk;&udkjyefNyD; wifjy
ay;EkdifrSmyg}} [k OD;qvdkif;tdkufZufcifu ajym
qkdonf/
jrefrmEkid if w
H iG x
f u
dk o
hJ Ykd t&yfbufvYltzGUJ
tpnf;rsm;pkaygif; EkdifiHwumaqG;aEG;yGJrsm;
wufa&mufcJhNyD; EkdifiHtwGuf vkdtyfaom
ae&mrsm;wGif jyefvnftoHk;csEkdif&ef BudK;yrf;
jcif;onf tm;,lpjyKaeaom jrefrmEkdifiHa&;
toGiu
f ;l ajymif;rItwGuf taxmuftyhaH umif;
wpfckyifjzpfayawmhonf/
aqGNidrf;at;? oD&d
BUYING GUIDE
19
VOICE
The
The
Vol.8 / No.45
VOICE
yg0ifaerSmudkawGU&rSmjzpfNyD; 'DtcsufawG[m
wkd;wufrIudk b,fvkdazmfaqmifEkdifr,fqkdwm
udkyg avhvmEkdifygvdrfh r,f/
EkdifiHwpfcktwGuft&nftaoG ; &S d a om
wkd;wufrIqkdwJhaqmif;yg;rSm b,fvkdrsKd;urS
wkd;wufwJhEkdifiHjzpfr,f? b,fvkdtqifhrsKd;rSm
wif auseyfaevkdYr&bJ b,fvkdrsKd;tqifhudk
ajymif;ygrS Mum&SnfcHt&nftaoG;jrifhwJh wkd;
wuf r I j zpf r ,f q k d w mrsKd ; awG udk ydkif;qpfjy
xm;w,f/ ]obm0o,HZmwrsm;udk xkwf,l
oHk;pGJjcif;onf zGHUNzdK;rItwGuftqifhwpfck?
twdkif;twmwpfcktxdomvQif wkd;wufrI
&Sdaeapygrnf/ pOfqufrjywfzGHUNzdK;wdk;wufrI
(Sustainable Development) udr
k jzpfraeay:ap
Ekdifyg/ o,HZmwrsm;udkxkwf,loHk;pGJjcif;rS &&Sd
News Book
a& . . .ay;yg
ydef;ydef
xkwfa0wkduf- tvif;tdrfpmay?
wefzdk;- 1500
]a&ay;yg}qkdwJhpmtkyfav;[m zwfNyD;&if
o
oif h u d k wu,f a&iwf o G m ;apygvd r f h r ,f /
tay:,HrSm vlom;wkdif; rsufpdarSmufaeMuwJh
t
urmBuD;&JU a&jyemawGudk axmufjyxm;wJh
u
bmomjyefpmtkyfaumif;wpftkyf jzpfygw,f/
b
aa&udk pD;yGm;jzpfa&mif;pm;aeMuwJh aumfydka&;&Sif;
BuD;awGeJY 'Drdkua&pDvlYtcGifhta&;ygvkdY atmfae
Bu
MuwJh tpdk;&BuD;awG b,fvkd b,fykHaygif;NyD;
Mu
vkyfpm;aeMuwmawGudk cyfqwfqwfzGifhcsxm;
v
ygw,f
gw,f/
a&aMumifhjzpfwJhppfyGJawG? a&&Sm;yg;vmrIeJY EkdifiHpHktcsKd&nfaumfydka&;&Sif;awG
taMumif;vnf; awG;p&mav;awG ygygw,f/ a&&Sm;vkdY jyemwufwmawG&Sdovkd
a&aygvGef;vkdY 'kuyifv,fa0Mu&wJh a&BuD;wJh jyemvnf; rao;vSygbl;/ jrpfawG
ydwfNyD; qnfaqmufwm[m wu,faumif;wJh wefwJh &if;ESD;rIvm;/ qnfawG? a&avSmif
uefBuD;awGuae bmawGjyef&aeovJqkdwmav;awGvnf; wkdYxdjyxm;ygw,f/
pmtkyfa&mif;aps; 1500 usyfqkdwm a&oefYbl; 'gZif0ufzkd;avmufom&SdwmrkdY
oifh&JUb0aexdkifykHrSm a&[mb,favmufxd ta&;ygw,f? b,fvkd Ncdrf;ajcmufrIawG
&Sdw,fqkdwmudk tMurf;zsif;odoGm;Ekdifatmif? A[kokwa0rQEdkifatmif? pmtkyfpifay:wif
xm;Edkifatmif oHk;oifhwJh yrmPrsKd;yg/ twGif;tjyiftqif qGJaqmifrIaumif;aumif;eJY
jrefrmpm 'Dxuf dk;&Sif;r,f q k d & if txuf w ef ; ausmif ; om;awG y g zwf E k d i f y gvd r f h
r,f/
vkyif ef;cGio
f ;kH AD',
D akd cGawGukd zefw;D Ekid rf ,fh enf;ynm
ppmtkyfwpftkyfyg/ udk,fydkifrSwfwrf;awGudk tdrfrSm
odrf;xm;csifvkdY udk,fhenf; udk,f[efeJY vkyfaqmifr,fh
o
ol u tp Professional Video orm;awG t qH k ;
o
cckpmtkyfrSm azmfjyay;xm;wJh TMPGE nc DVD AuthoN D; ajz&S
j if;Ekdifygvd
g rhfr,fvkdY 'Dpmtkyfa&;om;jyKpkol a0zkef;Ekdifu qkdxm;
ring Softwares av;uddkoHk;NyD
w,f/ wu,f[kwfr[kwf pmtkyfzwfIoludk,fwkdif vufawGU zwfIprf;oyfEkdif rSmjzpfNyD; 'D
TMPGEnc DVD Authoring Works 4 qkdifrSm0,fwJh DVD wpfcsyfvkd DVD Features awG
tjynfhtpHk zefwD;Ekdiw
f m? DVD Menu awGukd ud,
k phf w
d fBudKufzefwD;Ekdifwm? Sub-title awGudk DVD
xJ cyfvG,fvG,fxnfhEkdifwm? wnf;jzwfEkdifwm? um;ul;um;qufawGrSm txl;jyK vkyfcsuf
awGxnfhEkdifwm pwmawGaMumifh nTef;qkdaewmjzpfw,fvkdYvnf; pmtkyf&JUtrSmpmrSm xnfah &;
xm;ygao;w,f/ TMPGEnc DVD Authoring Works 4? VSO Convert X To DVD 4? Window
Marker? Xilisoft Video Converter Ulimate 7? How To Make Movie DVD pwJhtcef;aygif;
ig;cef;yg0ifNyD; tcef; wpfckcsif;pD&JUatmufrSmrS vkdtyfwJh Install vkyfwm? pwifavhvmwm?
oHk;oyfwm? wpfqifhcsif; tao;pdwf yHkawGeJYwuG &Sif;xm;wmrsKd;awG awGU&rSmyg/ Install vkyfzkdY
twGuf pmtkyrf mS TMPGEnc DVD Authoring Works 4 DVD Disc yg0ifovdk tifwmeufrmS vnf;
&SmvkdY&ygw,f/ zkef;- 09-73043873? 09-73246980 rSmqufoG,f0,fvkdY&ygw,f/
20
The
VOICE
avQmah ps;eJh
a ;csay;aewJU
a&mif
NAw
d ed &f yS t
f us
Power VR 3D toHk;jyKxm;vkdY
HD *d r f ; awG u d k u pm;Ek d i f r S m jzpf N yD ;
Android Version udkvnf;toHk;jyK
xm;ygw,f/ Dual Antena udktoHk;
jyKxm;vkdY t&if kindle Fire rsm;xuf
Wi-Fi jrefEIef; 40 &mcdkifEIef;ydkrdkjref
udk
qefygw,fvkdY 'Dypnf;a&mif;csol
awGuqkdygw,f/ Tablet wpfckvHk;
tm;jynfhzdkYtwGufqkd&if av;em&D
omoGif;&rSmjzpfNyD; oDcsif;em;axmif
wm? pmtkyfzwfwm? *drf;aqmhwm?
&Sdw,fqkdayr,fh rsufESmjyifu HD
t&nftaoG;udktjynfht0&&SdNyD; rSef
om;jyifawmufyrIudkavQmhcsxm;wJh
twGuf rsufESmjyifudktvGeftuRH
tvif;0ifapjcif;rS umuG,fay;Ekdif
ygw,f/ 'ghtjyif Tablet 1.2 GHz
Dual-Core Processor eJY Graphics ydkif;
oddef;*Peff;awG trsm;BuD
B D;xJJ
rSm aomif;*Pef;avmufeJY 0,f,l
Edkifr,fh View Sonic Tablet wpfckudk
Tefay;csifw,f/ tJ'D Tablet Model
u View Pad VB71 jzpfNyD;awmh
Operation System u 4.0 Android
udk toHk;jyKxm;ygw,f/ Processor
Speed uawmh 1.2 GHz eJYtoHk;jyK
xm;NyD; Graphic Chip u GC 800
udk toHk;jyKxm;ygw,f/
olu Resolution udk 800 x
480 txd toHk;jyKvdkY&NyD; Video
Format u awmh AVI/3GP/MP4/
RM/RMVB/ FLV/MKV/MOV/
WMV/VOB/DAT pwmawG u d k
xnfhoGif;NyD; toHk;jyKvdkY&ygw,f/
Disply tus,fu ckepfvufr &Sdyg
w,f/ Memory u Built-in Memory
8 GB yg0ifNyD; 32 GB txd xyfrH
xnfhoGif;vdkY&ygao;w,f/ Battery
uawmh 1 Cell Li-ion Battery trsKd;
tpm;jzpfNyD; TV eJY csdwfqufzdkY
twGuf HDMI taygufvnf; yg0if
ygao;w,f/
tif w meuf
toH k ; jyKcsif
olawGtwGuf
vnf; Wi-Fi
vT i f h x m;wJ h
ae&mrSm toH;k
jyKvdkY&rSm jzpf
ovdk USB 2.0
Port yg0ifNyD;
USB u a'wm
awGudk View
Pad ay:rS m
Munf h v d k Y & wJ h t wG u f uG e f y sLwm
wpfvHk;vdk toHk;0ifEdkifrSmyg/ aemuf
wpf c k u oD c sif ; em;axmif w mud k
'Dwdkif; r[kwfbJ Hand Phone yifeJY
wyfNyD; wpfudk,fawmf em;axmifcsif
ao;olawGtwGufvnf; tqifajy
atmif vdkY 3.5 mm &SdwJh Head Phone
wyf v d k Y &wJ h *suf y if t ayguf u d k
vnf ; xnf h o G i f ; ay;xm;ygao;
w,f/ usyfajcmufaomif;udk;axmif
udk;&meJY 0,fvdkY&rSmrdkY 0,faysmfwJh
aps;EI e f ; wpf c k v d k Y qd k & r,f / The
Voice Weekly *sme,fudk udkifNyD;
0,fr,fqdk&if usyfajcmufaomif;
ig;axmifhudk;&meJY a&mif;ay;r,fqdk
wmrd k Y usyf a v;axmif a vmuf
oufomoGm;r,f/
Neo Tech trSwf 115?
ajrnD x yf ? qd y f u rf ; omvrf ;
(atmufbavmuf)? ausmufwHwm;
Nrd K Ue,f ? zk e f ; -01-398199?
710752 rSm qufoG,f0,fvdkY&rSm
yg/
aejynfawmfrSma&mif;wJh
aqmif;&moD&JUtaiGUtouf
udkjrif&pjyKvmNyDrkdY aqmif;eJYouf
qdkifwJh tDvufx&Gefepfypnf;wpfck
udn
k eT af y;ygr,f/ Odor trSww
f q
H yd f
'D Heater[ma&TU&ajymif;&o,f&vnf;
vG,fw,fvkdYqkdw,f/
aejynfawmfrSmaexdkifolawG
udk,fwkdifoHk;zdkYyJjzpfjzpf? awmifBuD;
wkdY? uavmwkdYvkda'orSmaexdkifol
awGudk vufaqmifay;zkdYyJjzpfjzpf
oifhawmfr,fhypnf;wpfckrdkY nTefay;
&jcif;yg/ t&ifuaps;uGufxJ0ifwJh
Heater awGu Induction Cooker awG
rSmay:wwfwJh teDa&mifvkdta&mif
rsKd;awGjrifae&wmrdkY nbufrD;rSdef
rSdeftdyfwwfolawG tqifrajyvdkY
Heater
odyfrBudKufolawG&SdEkdifwmaMumifh
'DvkdrD;a&mifrxGufwJhtylay;puf
rsKd ; qk d tqif a jyMur,f x if
w,f/ toHqlnHrIvnf;r&Sdbl;
qk d w J h 'D t yl a y;puf u tyl ?
tat; (Fan) ES p f r sKd ; &ygw,f /
'DpufuxGufwJhtylaiGUu tcef;
udkaEG;aprSmrdkY at;wJh&moDOwk
cHpm;&r,fholawGtwGuf tqif
ajyygvdrfhr,f/ aps;EIef;uusyf
17500 &Sdygw,f/
vjynf0h ef; tDvufx&Geef pf
u trSw2f ^25? Adv
k v
f usmf vrf;rSm
&,f? trSwf 4^16? Adv
k af wmufxed f
vrf;rSm&,f ESpfqkdif&SdwmrdkY eD;pyf
&mrSm 0,fvkdY&rSmyg/
aps;oiffUwJU
udk,fh&JUvuf&SdudkifaewJhzkef;
udk topfeJYvJcsifaeolawGeJY zkef;
topf0,fNyD; bm[ef;qufudkif&if
aumif;rvJpOf;pm;aeolawGtwGuf
aps;oihw
f hJ Lenovo A60+ armf',fvf
zkef;av;udk nTefay;yghr,f/ 'Dzkef;
av;u GSM trsKd;tpm; Sim Card
xnh f o G i f ; toH k ; jyK&rS m
&So
d avmuf 50 &mckid Ef eI ;f avQmhaps;eJY
a& ;csay;rSmjzpfwt
a&mif
hJ wGuf wpfxnf
udk 22350 usyfavmufom usoifh
aw rSmrdkY udk,hf&JUav;pm;&olawGudk
awmh
t taoG;aumif;ypn;f eJY uefawmh
t&nf
cs ayr,fh aps;EIef;udk xnhfpOf;pm;
csif
ae awGtqifajyaprSmyg/
aeol
vufvD 0,f,lcsifwJholawG
twGuf ,kZe yvmZm ajrnDxyf
trSwf F-21 rSmoGm;a&muf0,f,El idk f
rSmjzpfNyD; vufum; rSm,lc sif w ,f
qdk&ifawmh 09-421072503? 09421072510 rSm qufoG,frSm,lEkdif
ygw,f/
Lenovo A 60+
21
VOICE
The
arUaysmufcH rsKd;qufwpfckjzpfoGm;NyDvm;
xufatmifausmf
aeY Edk0ifbmv 1 &ufaeY[m ABSDF (All Burma Students' Democratic Front) ac: jrefrmEdkifiHvHk;qdkif&m ausmif;om;rsm;'Drdku&ufwpfwyfOD;&JU (24) ESpfjynfh arG;aeYjzpfygw,f/ wpfenf;
tm;jzifhajymr,fqdk&if wuodkvfe,fajru ausmif;om;awG? tjzLtpdrf;0wfausmif;om;awG? q&m0ef? a&SUae? ausmif;q&m? aps;onf? v,form;tygt0if vkyfief;cGiftoD;oD;u
wuf<uwJhjynfolawG axmif-aomif;csDNyD; awmcdkcJhwJhaeY? olwdkYb0twGuf ta&;ygqHk;aeYwpfaeYyg/
'D
22
The
VOICE
pmrsufESm 21 rS
awmh tajctaeu tawmfvIyfvIyf&Sm;&Sm;jzpfoGm;cJhygw,f/
olwkdY[m wpfoD;yk*v
jzpfwJhtwGuf tzGJUtpnf;eJYqkdifwmawG
rajymEkdifbl;vkdY tapmydkif;rSm owif;xkwfjyefcJhayr,fh ajrmuf
ydkif;rSmjzpfyGm;cJhwJhtrIudkawmh tawmfBuD;udk olwkdYajymqkdcJhwm
awGU&ygw,f/
'gayrJh a&SUrSm uRefawmfwifjycJhwJh ABSDF wpfzGJUvHk; &JU
xdcdkufusqHk;pm&if; vl 1000 ausmfudpudkawmh wpfvHk;rS
ajymqkd&Sif;jyjcif;r&SdcJhygbl;/ aemufwpfcg olwkdYeJYtwl awmcdk
vmcJhwJh axmifaomif;csD&SdwJhausmif;om;awG tckb,fa&muf
aeMuvJ/ bmawGvkyfaeMuovJqkdwmudkvnf; 'DOu|a[mif;
oHk;OD;u &Sif;jywmrsKd; uRefawmfrMum;rdygbl;/
jynfwGif;*sme,fawGeJY qkd&S,frD'D,mawG&JU a&;om;rIawG
udk Munfhr,fqkd&if olwkdY&Sif;jyvkdufrS ajrmufydkif;udpu ydkIyf
axG;vmNyD; ABSDF wpfzGJUvHk;tay: raumif;jrifa&;om;rIawG
ydw
k ;dk vmovkad wmif uRefawmfcpH m;rdygw,f/ &Si;f jyyH&k iS ;f jyenf;
uRefawmfwkdY bmawGtm;enf;cJhovJ/
&cdkifEdkifiHa&;ygwDESpfck a&G;aumufyGJaumfr&Sifac:,lowday;
&efukef? Edk0ifbm 5
,if;ygwDrsm;xHrS od&Sd&onf/
,if;uJhodkYawGUqHk&mwGif jynfaxmifpka&G;aumufyGJaumf
r&Sifu EdkifiHawmforwHk; owif;xkwfjyefcsuf (2^2012) yg
tcsufajcmufcsufudk zwfjycJhNyD; &cdkifjynfe,fwnfNidrfa&;
twGuf tpdk;&ESifh vufwGJvkyfaqmif&ef ajymMum;cJhaMumif;
,if;ygwDrsm;uqdkonf/
]]'Dy#dyuawGrSm ygwDawGtaeeJY 0ifrygzdkY? wu,fvdkY
yg0ifywfoufvdkY&Sd&if aumfr&Sif&JU pnf;rsOf;t& ta&;,loGm;
r,f/ 'Dupd u
aumfr&Sirf mS vnf; wm0ef&o
dS vdk &cdik yf gwDawGrmS
vnf; wm0ef&Sdw,f/ 'gaMumifh tpdk;&eJYyl;aygif;NyD; y#dyujyef
vnfwnfNidrfatmifvkyfzdkY ajymoGm;ygw,f}} [k ,if;awGUqHk
yGJudk udk,fwdkifwufa&mufcJhol &cdkif'Drdkua&pDtzGJUcsKyf (ALD)
rS twGif;a&;rSL; OD;rsKd;ausmfu jyefvnfajymMum;onf/
&cdkifjynfe,ftwGif;jzpfyGm;cJhaom y#dyursm;wGif if;wdkY
taejzifh aemufuG,frSBudK;udkifjcif;? yg0ifywfoufjcif;r&Sd
aMumif; &cdkifEdkifiHa&;ygwDrsm;u jyefvnfajymMum;onf/
]]'DudprSm uRefawmfwdkYbufupNyD; vkyfwmr&SdcJhbl;/
b*FgvDawGu pDrHcsuf&Sd&Sdvkyfaewm/ olwdkYvmvkyforQudk
uRefawmfwdkYu ckcHwmyJ&Sdw,fvkdYajymcJhw,f}} [k &cdkif
wdkif;&if;om;rsm; wdk;wufa&;ygwDrS ajryHkNrdKUe,f jynfolY
vTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,f OD;oef;azu qdkonf/
yxrtBurd jf zpfymG ;cJah om tMurf;zufrw
I iG v
f nf; &cdik jf ynfe,f
wnfNidrfa&;ESifh jyefvnfxlaxmifa&;twGuf ,if;ygwDESpfckudk
Edik if aH wmforwBuD;u Mo*kwv
f 8 &ufaeYu ac:,lawGUqHck o
hJ nf/
&cdkifjynfe,f ZGefvESifh atmufwdkbmvrsm;wGif y#dyu
ESpfBudrfjzpfyGm;cJhrIaMumifh pkpkaygif; aoqHk;ol 135 OD;? 'Pf&m&
ol 190 OD;? tdk;rJhtdrfrJh 'kuonf 93693 OD;? aetdrftysuftpD;
7581 vHk;? bmoma&;taqmufttHk 14 vHk; ysufpD;cJhNyD;
a'oE&vkyfwlrD;aoewf 180 vuf zrf;qD;&rdcJhonf/
23
VOICE
The
&Srf;wkdif;&if;om;rsm;nDvmcH oHk;&ufMumusif;yrnf
&efukef? Ekd0ifbm 6
w&m;kH;ESpfck\ Zmwfvrf;
&ef u k e f N rKd U &S d a&S ; a[mif ;
taqmufttkHESpfckukd ,ciftpkd;&
vufxufu avvHwifa&mif;cscJh
jcif;tm; Oya'aMumif;t& ys,f
jy,foGm;aprnfh enf;vrf;rsm;ukd
jrefrma&SUaersm; uGef&uftzGJUu
vG e f c J h a om vtwG i f ; pwif & S m
azGcJhMuonf/ &efukefNrKdU\ tcsuf
tcsmae&mwGif wnf&Sdaom High
Court (&efukefwkdif;a'oBuD; w&m;
vTwaf wmf)ESifh Law Court (&efuek w
f idk ;f
a'oBuD; pkaygif;wkid ;f w&m;k;H )rsm;ukd
aqmufvyk af &;vkyif ef;&Sirf sm;u 0,f,l
cJhMuonf/ High Court taqmuf
ttkHukd jywkdufESihf pm;aomufqkdif
jyKvyk rf nfjzpfNy;D Law Court ukrd l wkwf
ykid [
f w
dk ,fziG &hf ef &nf&,
G x
f m;Muonf/
High Court (&efue
k w
f idk ;f a'o
BuD; w&m;vTwaf wmf) taqmufttkH
ukd 1911 ckESpfwGif wnfaqmufcJh
jcif;jzpfNyD; &efuek Nf rKdU\ tcsuftcsm
ae&mjzpfaom ql;avbk&m;ESifh rsuEf mS
csi;f qkid af e&mwGiw
f nf&o
dS nf/ ,cif
tpk;d &u A[kw
d &m;k;H ukd aejynfawmf
owif;aqmif;yg;ukd qDavsmfatmif
jrefrmjyefqkdxm;ygonf/
qufvufazmfjyygrnf/
24
The
VOICE
auG;wdkif;a'oBuD; rif;vSNrKdUe,f&Sd a&eHarSmfvkyfom;wpfaomif;cefY&Sdaom '[wfyifa&eHajrwGif atmufwdkbmv 19 &ufaeYu a&eHpdrf;xkwf,lcGifh&onfh Shinning Sea Silver Stars
ukrPDESifh a'ocHrsm;tMum;jzpfyGm;aeaom y#dyursm;ESifhywfouf ESpfzufpvHk;udk pHkprf;ppfaq;ta&;,loGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; rauG;wdkif;a'oBuD;wdkif;&JwyfzGJUrSL;Hk;rS 'k&JrSL;
armifarmifat;u The Voice Weekly odkY ajymMum;onf/
tqdkygukrPDESifh a'ocHrsm; 19 &ufaeYnwGif tjyif;xefqHk; ukrPD H;k cef;udk oGm;a&mufr;D dUI zsuf tajctaewGif S-5 ukrP
u
D 2012- jyifyodkY cdk;,la&mif;csaeMuaMumif;?
rD S a&eHarSmf 2013 ckESpftwGuf MOGE xHrS pm;0wfaea&;twGuf tenf;i,f
tMum;wGif ,if;ukrPDu a&eHpdrf; ESpfzufwdkufcdkufrIrsm;txd jzpfyGm;cJh qD;cJah Mumif; tqdyk gukrP
k nf/ avvHatmifcJhum qufvufvkyf o,f,lrIudk em;vnfay;EdkifcJhaomf
udk umvaygufaps;xufESdrf 0,f aMumif; vufcpm;a&eHwGif;wl;vkyf wm0efcjH zpfol OD;vif;rif;OD;uqdo
]]'Djyemu ESpfzufjzpfaewJh udkifcJhaMumif;? S-5 ukrPDonf tp vnf; ,cktcg a&eHpdrf;ukd jyifyodkY
,ljcif;? a'ocHrsm;tay: wkwf? "m; om;rsm;ESifh a&eHarSmfwGif;aexdkifvkyf
jyemyg/ 'DrD;dIUwJhjzpfpOfr&Sdcif yd k i f ; wG i f tqif a jycJ h a omf v nf ; cdk;,lo,faqmifrIrSm wpfpwpfp
vufeufponfwdkY udkifaqmifum udkifMuolrsm;u ajymMum;onf/
atmufwdkbmv 19 &ufaeY wnf;u jzpfaeMuwm/ tckawmh Mo*kwfvv,frSp if;wdkYu a&eH rsm;jym;vmcJhaMumif; Edk0ifbmv 4
apmifhMuyfMunfhIjcif;rsm;aMumifh
hf m;w,f}} pdr;f aps;ESrd 0f ,f,rl aI Mumifh a'ocHrsm; &ufaeY The Voice Weekly u oGm;
a'ocHrsm;u rdrdwdkYtay: tqdkyg n 7 em&D 30 rdepfcefYwGif a'ocH ESpzf ufv;kH uvnf; trIziG x
ukrP
u
D tjrwfxw
k
f vufeufuikd f &Gmom;rsm;u ukrPD0efxrf;rsm;udk [k if;uqdkonf/
ESihf y#dyurMumcP jzpfymG ;cJah Mumif;? a&mufawGUqHpk Of ,if;a&eHarSmw
f m0efcH
tqdkyga&eHarSmfwGif 2011- ukrPDudkrD;dIU zsufqD;cJhonfhtxJ OD;vif;rif;OD;u ajymMum;onf/
tkyfcsKyfaeonf[k txif&Sdjcif;? avmufav;cGrsm;jzifh ypfcwfcJhojzifh
f wGi;f Grade Island wGif yg0ifco
0D efxrf;rsm;uvnf; jyefvnf 2012 b@mESpt
ukrPDrS wm0ef&Sdolrsm;uvnf; rdrd ukrP
hJ nf[,
k q
l &ol a'ocH
vGefcJhonfh ESpfv0ef;usifu
wdkYxkwf,lcGifh&onfh a&eHajrwGif ypfcwfcJhaMumif;? xdkodkYvdkufvHypf Co., Ltd. u jrefrmha&eHESifh obm0 rsm;ukd zrf;qD;ppfaq;vsuf&Sdaomf vnf; a&eHpdrf;cdk;,lo,faqmifvm
a'ocHrsm;u a&eHpdrf;rsm;cdk;,ljcif; cwfaepOf a'ocHrsm;bufrS ypfcwf "mwfaiGUvkyfief; (MOGE) xHrS uef vnf; ukrPDbufu jypfrIusL;vGef onfh EGm;vSnf;aygif; 29 pD;udk
rsm;&Sdjcif;aMumifh vHkNcHKa&;xm;NyD; cJholig;OD;cefYudk zrf;qD;&rdcJhNyD; if; xdu
f ef;xm; wpfNydKifeuf zrf;qD;&&SdrdcJhaMumif;?
k f &,lNyD; vkyif ef;rsm;aqmif&u
G f olrsm;udk trnfemrESihf wdik w
BuD;Muyf&mrS wpfzufESifh wpfzuf wdYkukd ar;jref;pHpk rf;aepOf a'ocH 200 &mwGif a'ocHrsm;ESihf tqifajycJah omf aomfvnf; ,cktcsdeftxd zrf;qD; xdkuJhodkY trsm;tjym;o,faqmifrI
wif;rmrIrsm;jzpfum atmufwdkbm OD;cefY wkwf? "m;? vufeufrsm;jzifh vnf; qHk;HI;rIrsm;&SdcJhaMumif;? ,if; xde;f odr;f jcif;r&Sad o;aMumif; unif; udk zrf;qD;rIrjyKvkyfygu rdrdwdkY
BuD;aus;&Gm ausmif;xdkifbkef;BuD;jzpf uk r P D u MOGE od k Y a&eH p d r f ;
ol OD;auo0 (NrdKUe,foHCem,u) owfrSwfcsufudk jynfhrDatmif ray;
u The Voice Weekly odkY ajymMum; oGif;Edkifjcif;rsm; BuHKvmEdkifaMumif;?
a'ocH r sm;\&G m rsm;wG i f jyif y rS
onf/
vuf&Sd a&eHajrrSm MOGE ydkif qDabmufqmum;rsm;jzifh vma&muf
&efukef? Ekd0ifbm 6
qdkifonfh vkyfuGufjzpfaomaMumifh 0,f,laejcif;aMumifh ,ckuJhodkY
]reufjzeftwGuf tem*wf NrdKUopf(ajrmufydkif;) (37) &yfuGuf aMumif;? ajzMum;ay;rnfh wm0ef&Sdol a'ocHrsm;ESifh rvkyfudkifrD oabm y#dyursm;jzpfay:ae&aMumif; if;u
o
D Ykday;tyf&rnfh jznfhpGuf&Sif;jyonf/
av;rsm;}? ]uEm&ESif;qD} paom rEav;vrf;ESihf avmydwvrf;axmifh r&Sdao;aMumif; jyefvnfajymMum; wlncD MhJ uonfh ukrP
wpfudk,fawmf aw;pD;&D;rsm;tjyif &Sd aetdrfwGif pdwf<uaq;jym; vuf onf/
oefYZifOD; oHk;csKd; wpfcsKd;udk ay;acsjcif;rjyKbJ
L.C ? ausmfxGef;Ekdif
twGJacGrsm;aMumifh vli,fy&dowf 0,fawGU&SdrIjzifh zrf;qD;xm;jcif;jzpf
rsm;\ vufcHtm;ay;rI&&Sdaeaom aMumif;? tqkyd gtrIwiG f D NzdK;ESit
hf wl
aw;oH&Sif D NzdK;udk yef;Eka&mifpdwf taygif;tygav;OD;udk if;\aetdrf
<uaq;jym; 72 jym; vuf0,fawGU&Sd wGif zrf;qD;cJhaMumif; &efukefwkdif;
S &d onf/
rIjzifh zrf;qD;xm;aMumif; &efuek w
f idk ;f a'oBuD; &JwyfzUJG rSL;H;k xHro
tqkdygowif;udk twnfjyK
a'oBuD;&JwyfzGJUrSL;Hk;\ xkwfjyef
csuf&,l&ef The Voice Weekly u
csufrsm;t&od&onf/
trnf&if;xufatmifvdIif(c) '*HkNrdKUopf (ajrmufydkif;) &JwyfzJGU
aw;oH&Sif D NzdK;udk atmufwkdbm pcef;odkY qufoG,far;jref;&m if;
&efukef? Edk0ifbm 8
dk *CeProd
v 23 &ufaeYwGif if;aexkdif&m '*Hk wdkYtaejzifh trIudpu
zD z muvpOf x k w f j yef v suf & S d
aom urmYabmvHk;tqifhowfrSwf
csufwGif jrefrmabmvHk;toif;rSm
atmufwdkbmv&yfwnfrItqifhxuf
28 qifhjrifhwufcJhNyD; tmqD,HwGif
tqifh 4 ae&modkYa&muf&SdvmaMumif;
jrefrmEdkifiHabmvHk;tzGJUcsKyfrS jyefMum;
a&;t&m&Sd OD;aZmfrif;xdkufu Edk0ifbm
v 7 &ufaeYu ajymMum;onf/
jrefrmabmvH;k toif; ,ckuo
hJ Ykd
a&Tusif? Ekd0ifbm 8
tqifh 156 ae&modYka&muf&v
dS mjcif;rSm
a&TusifNrdKUe,f [oFm0Jaus;&Gm u trsm;pkjzpfwJh&Gmom;awGbufu
qlZluD;zvm;ajcppfyGJwGif oHk;yGJEdkif
&Sdtif;wGif ig;&Sm&mrS &Gmom;oHk;OD; rygbJ tif;ydkif&SifawGbufuygwJh
wpfyo
JG a&jzifh H;I yGrJ &Su
d pm;cJjh cif;aMumifh
tzrf;cH&jcif;udk rauseyfjcif;aMumifh twGuf rauseyfvkdYqEjywmyg}} [k
jzpfonf[k if;\ajymMum;csuft& "mwfykH-rkd;ausmf
,if;a'ocH 200 ausmfu &GmolBuD; [oFm0J&Gmom;wpfOD;uqkdonf/
od&onf/
&Gmom;rsm;zrf;qD;cH&rIESifhywf
apmrlat;udk qEjycJhaMumif; tqkdyg
]]EdkifiHwumajcprf;yGJawG rsm;rsm;upm;&if 'DxuftqifhydkwufEdkifw,f}} [k if;uqdkonf/
aus;&Gma'ocHwpfOD;jzpfol OD;xGef; ouf The Voice Weekly u a&T
jrefrmvufa&G;pifabmvHk;toif;taeESifh qlZluD;zvm;ajcppfyGJatmifcJhjcif;ESifh abmvHk;tzGJUcsKyf\
xGef;OD;u The Voice Weekly odkY usifNrdKUe,f &Jpcef;odkYqufoG,far;
vli,fzGHUNzdK;wdk;wufa&;tpDtpOfrsm;aMumifh tqifhckefwufrIjzpfEdkifaMumif; jrefrmhvufa&G;pifabmvHk;to
jref;&m tqkdygudpudkajz&Sif;&ef a&T
ajymMum;onf/
if;enf;jycsKyf ywfaqmif[Gmu oHk;oyfajymqdkonf/
xdkodkY jrefrmvufa&G;piftoif; tqifhckefwufjcif;aMumifh tmqD,Ha'owGif; NydKifbufrsm;jzpfonfh
tqkdygtif;udk autifef,l usifNrdKUe,f&JwyfzJGUrSL;ESifh pcef;rSL;
rav;&Sm;? tif'dkeD;&Sm;ESifh pifumyltoif; wdkY\ txufodkYa&muf&SdcJhNyD; tqifh 4 ae&ma&muf&Sdvmonf/
k w
f idk f [oFm0Jaus;&GmodYkomG ;a&muf
Nidrf;csrf;a&;tzGJUrS &Gmom;rsm;vkyf ud,
tmqD,HtqifhowfrSwfcsufwGif jrefrmtoif;txuf tqifh 1 AD,uferf? tqifh 2 zdvpfydkif?
udkifpm;aomuf&ef 2011 ckESpf puf &GmvlBuD;rsm;? &Gmom;rsm;ESihf awGU
tqifh 3 xdkif;wdkY&Sdaeonf/
wifbmv 25 &ufaeYu aus;&Gm qHkaqG;aEG; ajyvnfatmifajz&Sif;
jrefrmabmvHk;toif;taeESifh ,ckvtwGif; AD,uferf? xdkif;? zdvpfydkiftoif;wdkYESifhtwl
wkdif;wGif aMunmcJhaMumif;? &Gmom; ay;cJhaMumif;? if;wkdYpcef;wGif zrf;
qlZluD;zvm;tkyfpkyGJ upm;&rnfjzpfNyD; tEdkif&&Sdygu 'DZifbmvwGifvnf; tqifhxyfwufvmEdkifaMumif;
rsm;u tpOftqufig;&SmazGpm;aomuf qD;xm;aom&Gmom;rsm;r&SdaMumif;?
jrefrmEdkifiHabmvHk;tzGJUcsKyfrS jyefMum;a&;t&m&Sd OD;aZmfrif;xdkufu ajymqdkonf/
cJhaomtif;jzpfaMumif; if;uquf ig;vkyfief;OD;pD;Xmeu EkdifiHawmfydkif
jrefrmtrsKd;om;abmvHk;toif;rSm vuf&SdwGif urmhtqifh (156) tm&Stqifh (24) ESifh tmqD,Htqifh
tif;wGif w&m;r0ifig;cdk;zrf;rIjzifh
vufajymMum;onf/
(4) tjzpf owfrSwfcHxm;&aomfvnf; jrefrmtrsKd;orD;toif;\ &yfwnfrIrSmrl urmYtqifh (47) ESifh
]]uRef a wmf w k d Y r S m v,f a wG &Gmom;ckepfOD;udk ta&;,lay;yg&ef
tm&Stqifh (10) tjzpf ,cifvtwdkif; qufvuf&yfwnfvsuf&Sdonf/
vnf; a&epf? pyg;uvnf;raumif; trIzGifhxm;aMumif;? w&m;cHrsm;udkrl
jrefrmabmvHk;tqifhwufvmEdkifaMumif;udk zDzmrS BudKwifrxkwfjyefrD cefYrSef;wGufcsufazmfjyavh&Sd
J yk f
awmh vufvkyfvufpm;orm;awG zrf;qD;&rdjcif;r&Sad o;aMumif; 'k&t
onfh http://www.football-rankings. info 0ufbfqdkufwGif jrefrmabmvHk;toif;rSm tqifh 27 qifh
qdkawmh 'kua&mufygw,f/ udk,fh ausmfjrifha&Tu ajymMum;onf/
ckefwuf&ef&SdaMumif; atmufwdkbm 19 &ufaeYu wGufcsufazmfjycJhonf/
&Gmutif;rSm ig;&Smwmudk &GmvlBuD;
oefYZifOD;
Minning
NET N TECH
'
Vol.8 / No.45
The
VOICE
25
VOICE
The
TECH
owif;awG tcrJUzwfMur,f
Google u Android OS udk xkwfvkyfvdkufNyD;aemufydkif; Android OS oHk;zkef;eJY Tablet awG&JU aps;EIef;u
vlwdkif;eD;yg; vufvSrf;rDwJhtaetxm;a&mufvmygw,f/
jrefrmEdkifiHrSmvnf; Android OS oHk;zkef;eJY Tablet awGtoHk;jyKrIu aeYpOf wdk;wufvmwmeJYtrQ jynfwGif;
vkyif ef;tawmfrsm;rsm;uvnf; owif;tcsut
f vufawGukd rdb
k ikd ;f vfzek ;f eJY Tablet awGay: ta&mufay;ydYkvmMuygw,f/
txl;jcm;qHk;uawmh owif;rD'D,mtcsKdUu jynfolvlxkqDudk owif;awGtcsdefrD ay;ydkYEdkifzdkY enf;ynm&SifawGeJY
yl;aygif;NyD; Android OS oHk;zkef;eJY Tablet awGtwGuf Application (app) awG a&;qGJxkwfvkyfvmwmyg/
wcsKdUynm&SifawGuvnf; toifhoHk; Software awGeJY owif;awGpkpnf;azmfjyEdkifwJh app awGudk a&;qGJNyD;
tcrJhjzefYay;wmawGvnf; &Sdvmygw,f/ 'Dawmh urmwpfvTm; jzpfysuforQ taMumif;t&mpHkudk tifwmeuf&SdHkeJY
Android OS oH;k zke;f eJY Tablet awG toH;k jyKNyD; vufz0g;ay:rSmwif zwfE
I ikd yf gNyD/ 'ghtjyif Download vkyNf yD;wmeJY Offline
zwfEdkifwJhtwGuf tifwmeufudk tNrJwrf; csdwfqufxm;zdkYrvdkwJhtcsufuvnf; tm;omcsufvdkY qdk&rSmyg/
'gaMumifh enf;ynmavmurSm pufkyfvdkYac:MuwJh Android OS oHk;zkef;eJY Tablet ydkif&SifawG urmBuD;udk
vufz0g;ay:wifxm;EdkifzdkY EdkifiHa&;? pD;yGm;a&; pwJh owif;awGtjyif usef;rma&;eJY enf;ynmowif;awGudk
azmfjyay;aewJh owif; app awGudk vufvSrf;rDorQ pkpnf;azmfjyvdkufygw,f/
The Voice
Weekly app
'D
app u
The Voicee
Weekly Facebook
k
awmh
pmrsufESmrSm azmfjy
jy
aewJh owif;awG
wG
ud k tcsd e f e J Y trQQ
MunfhIEdkifrSmjzpfNyD;
www.bitmyanmar.
r.
com.mm/kanaung/
g/
thevoice rS m &,l
,l
Edkifygw,f/
Hot News
tjcm;owif;
MunfhIEdkifrSmjzpfNyD;
www.
WEBSITE
jrefrm*sme,fawGudk
wpfae&mwnf;rSm Download
vkyfxm;r,f
jrefrmEdkifiHrSm vuf&SdxGufae
wJh *sme,fawGudk vG,fvG,fululeJY
wpfae&mwnf;rSm Download jyKvkyf
Edkifr,fh Website wpfckudk Tefay;
r,f/ tJ'D Website u *sme,fawG&JU
Download Link eJY Fan Page udkyg
azmfjyay;xm;NyD; Facebook Account
oHk;wJholawGtwGuf Like vkyfvdkY&
atmif jyKvkyfay;xm;ygao;w,f/
oufqdkif&m*sme,fawGwifay;xm;
wJh Link udkom wifxm;ay;xm;wm
jzpfNyD; olwdkYudk,fwdkif Upload vkyf
xm;jcif;r[kwfbl;vdkY qdkxm;ygao;
w,f/ *sme,ftrsKd;tpm; 36 rsKd;udk
wifay;xm;wmjzpfNyD; emrnfausmf
vlBudKufrsm;wJh*sme,fawG&JU Link
app awG
FREEWARE
aa'gif;Edkifygw,f/
wpfzefjyefqef;opfxm;wJU
Gold Miner
qk d w J h *d r f ; ud k
rupm;zl;wJhol r&SdoavmufygyJ/
tJ'D*drf;udkjyefvnfupm;csifw,f
qkd&if tGefvkdif;ay:rSm&SmawGUEkdifay
r,fh wpfae&mwpfckpDeJY upm;&wm
odyftqifajyrSmr[kwfygbl;/ 'gh
aMumifh Gold Miner eJYqkdifwJh *drf;
awGukd wpfae&mwnf;rSmyJ pkay;xm;
wJah e&mav;udk ajymjyay;csiyf gw,f/
Gold Miner
http://www.goldminer2.org/
26
The
VOICE
aemufaMumif;jyefrvSnfUapcsif
cJrSefzl;onfUjynfol
jynfolwpfa,muftaeESifh typftcwf&yfpJa&;twGuf
pdwfrcsEdkifao;[k cHpm;ae&jcif;rSm tpdk;&tay:rSmaomf
vnf;aumif;? awmfvSefa&;wyftay:rSmaomfvnf;aumif;
r,Hk&Jao;jzpfonf/ jynfoltwGuf[k a<u;aMumfcJhonfh
tpdk;&onf jynfolYtdk;tdrfpnf;pdrfudkomru jynfolawG\
b0udkyif trIefYaMuavmufonftxdyif zsufqD;cJhMuonf/
xdkYtwl jynfoltwGuf[k a<u;aMumfcJhonfh awmfvSefa&;wyf
onfvnf; rdrdwdkYtusKd;twGuf jynfolawGudk toHk;cscJhMu
onfyif/ jynfoltwGuf[k emrnfcH q,fpkESpfausmf Nidrf;csrf;
a&;,lvmcJhonfh (u,m;jynfe,ftwGif;&Sd) tjcm;aom typf
tcwf&yfpJa&;tzGJUi,frsm;onfyif ,cktcsdeftxd rdrdwdkY\
typftcwf&yfpJa&;rSon
nff Nidrf;csrf;a&;qDodkh
t,f'Dwm&Sifh
uRerf u a':vmenf;enf;pm;wJh 0efxrf;wpfO;D yg/ 'DacwfrmS a':vmpm;awGu xl;NyD; txifBuD;p&mr[kww
f maMumifh
<um;w,fvdkYrxifapvdkyg/ vpm&wmeJY vufxJrSm oHk;p&mr&SdawmhwmrdkY &SdpkrJhpk a':vmav;udk uspfuspfygatmifudkifNyD;
(wu,fawmh a':vmu uspfuspfygatmifvdkY ajymvdkYr&vSygbl;/ aMuoGm;&if jyemrao;vSvdkYyg/ aumif;aumif;udkif
oGm;w,fqdkygawmh/) w&m;0if&wJhvpmudk w&m;0ifvJzdkY odrfjzLaiGvJaumifwmudk wul;wu oGm;cJhygw,f/
oGm;&wJhtaMumif;&if;uvnf; cgwdkif;vJaeusae&mu aumifwmxuf &Spfusyfavmuf avsmhaewmuwpfaMumif;?
(wu,fawmh A[dkbPf&JU aiGvJEIef;u 'DaeY 862 usyf? aumifwmrSmu 855 usyf? arSmifcdkaps;u 847 usy)f
teD;tem;bPfu wpf&ufukd 200 xufyrkd vJay;bl;ajymwmuwpfaMumif;aMumifhrdkY odrfjzLudk tazmfwpfa,mufeJY twlwl
oGm;cJyh gw,f/ aumifwmudk um;iSm;oGm;wm toGm; 15 rdepfavmufMumygw,f/ cPae tjyefb,favmufMumvJ ajymyghr,f/
aumifwmvnf;a&mufa&m 'DaeYaiGvJpepfudkMunfhNyD; aMomf... vlYbHkcef;0g? vlYjynf&GmrSm? 0rf;pmcufcJ?
a':vmvJrvm; BuHw,f? tHMh ovGe;f ru tHMh o&yg&JU? u,fMuygiSYJ t&yfuwdYkvYkdom atmfvu
kd cf sipf w
d af ygufr&d if; aygufaewm
aMumifh t,f'DwmhxH pma&; &ifzGifh&ygawmhw,f/
aumifwmpkpak ygif;u ajcmufaumifwm&Sw
d ,fxifygw,f/ rSm;oGm;rvm;awmhrodb;l / wpfaumifwmudk a':vmwpf&myJ
vJay;owJh/ aiGvJ&wmu 'Dvdk/ vJcsif&if yHkpHjznfhNyD; rSwfyHkwif 'grSr[kwf 0efxrf;uwfu xm;cJh&w,f/ NyD;awmhrS
wpfa,mufpDemrnfac:NyD; vJay;w,f/ bPftay:rlwnfNyD; taES;tjrefuGmw,f/ &SdaewJhbPfajcmufckxJrSm wcsKdUu
10 rdepfeJY&w,f/ wcsKdUu 15 rdepf? rdepf 20 avmufMumw,f/ bPfwpfcku tifrwefaumif;w,f/ &SdaewJh0efxrf;
awGtm;vHk; wpfa,mufwpfrsKd; pepfususvkyfoGm;wm b,favmufrS rMumbl;/ wjcm;bPfwpfcu
k usawmh bPfvyk if ef;rdYk
awmfawmhw,f/ 0efxrf;u 'gavmufrsm;jym;wJh olwdkYa&SUvlawGudk 0efaqmifrIay;aewm/ wpfurmvHk;tcsdef olydkifwJh
twdkif;/ jrefjrefqefqef vkyfaerusvdkYvm;? edp" l0vkyfae&vdkY NiD;aiGUaeovm;rod/ tJ'DrSm apmifhvdkuf&wm warhwajrm/
aemufbPfwpfcu
k sawmh ab;em;u0efxrf;awG bmvkyaf eovJrod/ yHkpHaumufwJh 0efxrf;uawmh olwpfa,mufwnf;
tvkyfrsm;wJhMum;xJ pmwpfvHk;a&;zdkYta&; olYESmacgif;yGwfaewm oHk;acgufeJY rMumoifhwmMumjyefa&m/ 0efxrf;uwfeJY
rSwfyHkwifESpfckvHk;ygwJh oli,fcsif;u aumifwmESpfckrSm wpfNydKifwnf; yHkpHjznfhxm;? aiGvJay;wJhtxd apmifhvkyEf dkifw,f/
aumifwmwpfckrSm ysrf;rQ tenf;qHk; 15 rdepfMumvdkufwm a':vm 300 avmufvJNyD;wmeJY 1 em&D 45 rdepf&SdoGm;NyD/
aemufqHk;bPfrSmvJwm uHaumif;csifawmh bPfrydwfcifoDoDav; aemufxyfwpf&mvJvdkuf&w,f/ tJ'geJY
uRefrvnf; ar;Munfhw,f/ wpfaeYwpf&mpepfu aeYwdkif;vm;ar;awmh r[kwfbl;/ vdkovdk0,fay;ygw,fw/hJ qdv
k w
kd mu
'DaeY odyfrvdkvdkY wpf&myJ,lwmaygh/ atmifr,fav;/ aiGvJaumifwmu vdkwpfrsKd; rvdkwpfrsKd; tvkyfvkyfaewmvm;/
vlawG tqifajyatmif vJcGifhr&bl;vm;/ uRefr&JU rrDwJhPfeJY awG;rdygw,f/ w&m;0if&wJhaiGudk w&m;0ifa&mif;csifwm
bmvdkYa&mif;csifoavmufa&mif;vdkYr&bl;vJ/ trsm;BuD;vnf;rS r[kwfwm/ bmjzpfvdkYvJ/ b,folYrSm wm0ef&SdovJ/
uRefr wu,fhudkrpOf;pm;wwfygbl;&Sif/ vlNydef;tawG;awG;w,fyJ ajymajym/ 'Dvdkenf;NyD; 'gavmufMumaeawmh aemufqdk
aps;enf;enf;avsmhayr,fh um;ceJY jyefwGuf&if arSmifcdkqD oGm;awmif pdwfcsrf;omao;qdkwJh tawG;0ifrdawmh 'DaiGvJ
aumifwm 'DypkH t
H wdik ;f qdk arSmifcakd ps;udk ryaysmufapwJt
h jyif tm;ay;tm;ajrmufawmif jzpfaervm; awG;rdygw,f/ av;&m
vJNyD;wmeJY 2 em&Dausmaf eNyDrYkd ud,
k &hf pdS rk phJ ek YJ wjcm;vlawGay;vdu
k w
f mawGukd tdwx
f J taotcsmxnf?h tajy;tvTm;um;iSm;NyD;
jyef&w,f/ qvHwumh qvH ... aemufb,fawmh roGm;awmhb;l vdYk awG;NyD; jyeftvmvrf;rSmvnf; tHMh op&mawGU&jyefw,f/
&efukefNrdKU um;vrf;ydwfwmawmh txl;wvnf pmzGJUp&mrvdkygbl;/ odrfjzLuae a&T*Hkwdkif r,Hkr&SdygeJY 45 rdepfMum
w,f/ Mumwmudkapmifhaewkef; vrf;aMumausmfNyD; armif;oGm;wJh um;wpfpD;ydwfaewJhum;awGudk ta&;rvkyf/ olYvrf;aMum
r[kwfwJhvrf;aMumudk armif;vdkufwm tm;emrI? &Suf&GHUrI? aMumuf&GHUrIr&SdwJhtjyif [efusyefus zkef;awmifajymaevdkuf
ao;/ jynfolYacwfu aumif;qufEdkif&JUacgif;pOfudk iSm;ajym&&if uRefrav tHhMovGef;vdkY aoawmhr,f/
aMomf ... pnf;urf;&Sdaom 'Drdkua&pDEdkifiHawmfopfqDodkYvdkY a<u;aMumfaewJh igwdkYwdkif;jynfBudK;eDpepfawG aeYpOfeJYtrQ
aumif;rGefvm&ifrsm;? wdkYjynfolawGvnf; rrSefwmvkyf&wm &Suf&GHUwwfNyD; wm0ef,lwwf? pnf;urf;&SdwwfMu&ifrsm;
b,favmufaumif;avrvJ/ ud,
k u
f ,
kd w
f ikd u
f vnf; b,fvEkd ikd if o
H m;rsK;d vJ? wdYkawG b,fvw
kd ikd ;f jynfwnfaqmufaeMuovJ
vdkY qef;ppfawG;rdygawmhw,f&Sif/
a&TjynfawmfarQmfaeol jynfolwpfOD;
wpfu,
kd af &aumif;pm;a&;ESio
hf m vH;k yef;aeMuNyD; jynfot
l wGuf
bmwpfckrQ rnfrnf&& rvkyfay;EdkifMuao;acs/ xdkYaMumifh
vuf&Sd typftcwf&yfpJa&;twGuf 0rf;omrI&Sdaomfvnf; r0Hh
r&JESifh MunfEl;ae&ayonf/
pdwfcscsifNyD
typftcwf&yfpJa&;twGuf pdwfcsEdkifNyDvm;/ pdwfcsEdkifNyD
[kawmh ,wdjywfrqdkEdkif/ qdkvdkonfrSm tpdk;&ESifh awmfvSef
a&;wyfrsm;\ dk;om;rIudk pdwfrcsEdkifao;ay/ pdwfcscsifavmuf
onfh t&dyfta,mifawmh &Sdaeonfyif/ tpdk;&bufrS jynfol
twGuf xifomjrifomonfh BudK;yrf;vkyfaqmifrIrsm;&Sdvmo
vdk vwfwavm typftcwf&yfpJxm;onfh awmfvSefa&;tzGJUrS
vnf; jynfot
l wGuf jynfoEl iS t
hf wl vkyaf qmif&efBudK;yrf;aerI
rsm;vnf ; awG U &ayonf / rnf r Qtxd jynf o l a wG t ay:
apwemrSefvmMurnfrod/ odkYaomfvnf; jynfoltwGuf
qdkonfh yef;wdkifaysmufNyD; udk,fusKd;a&;buf jyefvSnfhcJhrnfqdk
vQifawmh typftcwf&yfpJa&; aemufaMumif;jyefvSnfhrnfrSm
taotcsmyif/ tu,f typftcwf&yfpJa&; aemufaMumif;
jyefvSnfhcJhrnfqdkvQif xdkvkyf&yfonf jynfoltay: opmazmuf
jcif;jzpfonf[kom owfrSwf&ayrnf/
jynfolwpfa,muftaeESifhawmh tpdk;&tay:rSmaomf
vnf;aumif;? typftcwf&yfpJxm;ol tzGJUtpnf;tay:rSm
aomfvnf;aumif; wpfqxufwpfqwdk;NyD; ,HkMunfaecsif
onf/ wpfenf;tm;jzifh tpdk;&ESifh awmfvSefa&;wyf ESpfckpvHk;
jynfolawGtay: trSefwu,f dk;om;apcsifonf/ jynfolawG
tay: apwemtrSef&Sdapcsifonf/ jynfoltay: dk;om;rI?
apwemrSefuefrIuomvQif typftcwf&yfpJa&; aemufaMumif;
jyefrvSnfh&ef tmrcHcsufay;Edkifayvdrfhrnf/
arQmfvifUcsuf
typftcwf&yfpJa&;twGuf pdwfcsEdkifNyDqdkvQif jynfol
wpfa,muftaeESifh wpfoufpmarQmfvifhcJh&aom Nidrf;csrf;a&;
twGuf &J&J0Hh0Hh0rf;ajrmufMunfEl;Edkifayrnf/ jynfolwpfa,muf
taeESifh Nidrf;csrf;a&;udk jrwfEdk;onf/ awmifhwonf/ pdwfcsrf;
ompGm oGm;vmaexdkifvdkonf/ aeYpOfvdktyfaom tajccH
pm;0wfaea&;twGuf pdwcf scsio
f nf/ a&? rD;? vrf;yef;qufo,
G f
a&;aumif;rGefrI taxmuftyHheJY vlwef;aphtouf&Sifvdkonf/
,Ofaus;vdrmNyD; xufjrufonfh EdkifiHom;wpfa,muftaeESifh
rdrd\EdkifiHhtusKd;udk wuf<uxda&mufpGm yg0ifo,fydk;Edkif&ef
tqifhwef;rDonfhausmif;rsm;wGif ynma&;udk qnf;yl;vdkonf/
qEawGESifh jynfhaeonfh jynfolwpfa,muftwGuf (jynfolY
twGuf[kqdkaom) typftcwf&yfpJa&;onf zGHUNzdK;wdk;wufrI
udk ,laqmifvmay;rnfh jynfolvdkvm;aom Nidrf;csrf;a&; tppf
trSefqDodkY OD;wnfae&ayrnf/ xdkYaMumifh typftcwf&yfpJa&;
rSonf ppfrSefaom Nidrf;csrf;a&;udk azmfaqmifEdkifMuygap
aMumif; qEjyKvdkufygonf/
cl;zJ (uE&0wD)
odkY
t,f'Dwm
The Voice Weekly
27
THE VOICE WEEKLY 27
PERSPECTIVE
VOICE
The
yx0DEkdifiHa&;uGif;jyif
aZ,sol
wkwf
wkwo
f nf r[mtiftm;Bu;D Ekid if aH vmif;[k Ekid if t
H rsm;tjym;
u wnDwnGww
f nf; rJay;qk;H jzwfjcif;cHxm;&ol/ vuf&dS r[m
tiftm;BuD;EkdifiH tar&duefjynfaxmifpkudk pdefac:&ef umv
wkww
f hkd jrefrmEkid if w
H iG ;f odhk 0ifa&mufrI
ydrk w
kd ;kd jri v
hf mcsed ?f wkwftiftm;
wdk;wufvmcsdefwGifyif tar&duefwdkhonfvnf;
jrefrmEkkdifiHESifU xdawGYqufqHrI
wpfaehwjcm;wdk;jrifUvmcJUonf/
tdkbm;rm; orwjzpfvmNyD;uwnf;u
ta&SYawmiftm&Sodkh
tar&duefjyefvnf0ifa&mufa&;rl0g'
tpysKd;jcif;ESifUtwl jrefrmEkid if EH iS Uf
xdawGq
Y ufqv
H mcJo
U nf/
jrefrmEkid if w
H iG f orwOD;odef;pdef
tpdk;&wufvmjyD;aemufwGif
tar&duef\ xdawGq
Y ufqrH I
jrefonfxufjrefvmcJNU y;D
ta&;,lydwfqdkhrIrsm;avQmhcs?
tar&duefukrPDBuD;rsm; 0ifa&mufcJUonfUjyif
tar&duefESifU xdkif;ESpfpOfjyKvkyfaeus
Operation Cobra Gold
ppfa&;avUusifUrIokdhyg
wufa&mufavUvm&efzdwfMum;rnf[kyif
owif;rsm; xGufay:vmcJUonf/
tar&du
wkww
f Ykd jrefrmEkid if w
H iG ;f odYk 0ifa&mufrI ydrk w
kd ;kd jriv
hf mcsed ?f
wkwftiftm;wdk;wufvmcsdefwGifyif tar&duefwdkYonfvnf;
jrefrmEkkdifiHESifh xdawGYqufqHrI wpfaeYwjcm; wdk;jrifhvmcJh
onf/ tdkbm;rm; orwjzpfvmNyD;uwnf;u ta&SUawmiftm&S
odkY tar&duefjyefvnf0ifa&mufa&;rl0g' tpysKd;jcif;ESifhtwl
jrefrmEkid if EH iS hf xdawGUqufqv
H mcJo
h nf/ jrefrmEkid if w
H iG f orw
OD;odef;pdef tpdk;&wufvmjyD;aemufwGif tar&duef\ xdawGU
qufqrH I jrefonfxufjrefvmcJjh yD; ta&;,lydwfqdkYrIrsm;avQmhcs?
tar&duefukrPDMuD;rsm; 0ifa&mufcJhonfhjyif tar&duefESifh
xkdif;ESpfpOfjyKvkyfaeus Operation Cobra Gold ppfa&;avhusifhrI
okdYyg wufa&mufavhvm&ef zdwfMum;rnf[kyif owif;rsm;
xGufay:vmcJhonf/
orkk'&mESpfpif;ESifU 0dkif;ywfjcif;
wkwfEkdifiHonf ypdzdwfork'&mwpfpif;wnf;ESifhom xd
pyfaeonf/ xdkork'&mwGif;wGif tar&duefa&wyf tm;aumif;
ovkd tar&duef\ r[mrdwf xdkif0rfvnf; rsufESmcsif;qdkifwGif
&Sdaeonf/ pGrf;tif0g;rsKdrI BuD;rm;aom wkwfjynfonf a&eH?
obm0"mwfaiGUwdYk tjrJvt
kd yfonf/ wkw
k jf ynf\ awmifbuf
jrefrmEkid if u
H jkd zwfum obm0"mwfaiGU? a&eHyu
kd v
f ikd ;f jzifh tdE,
d
ork'& modYk qufEidk v
f Qif aemufxyf ork'& mwpfpif; xGuaf yguf
&NyD; ta&;taMumif;wGif touf&LS ayguf&rnf/ &S&d if;pGJ ypdzw
d f
ork'&mtjyif tdEd,orkk'&mudkyg &vdkufrnfjzpfaomaMumifh
,if;udk ork'&mESpfpif;oDtdk&D (Two Oceans Theory) [k ac:qkd
Mujcif;jzpfonf/
ppfat;umvtwGif;u qkdAD,ufjynfaxmifpk\ MoZm
tmPmESifh a&GUvsm;oGm;vmEkdifpGrf;udkxdef;csKyf&ef ]uefYowf
xde;f csKy}f oDt&kd D (Containment Theory) udk azmfxw
k cf jhJ yD; urm
tESHYwGif tar&duefjynfaxmifpkESifh taemuftkyfpku rdwfzuf
EkdifiHrsm;ESifh aygif;oif;qufqHcJhum qdkAD,ufjynfaxmifpkudk
0dik ;f ywf&ef BudK;pm;cJo
h nf/ ,ckwpfMudrw
f iG v
f nf; wkwEf idk if u
H kd
0dkif;ywfrnfavm[kpOf;pm;vmcJhonf/ wkwfywf0ef;usif&Sd
Ekid if rH sm;jzpfonfh *syef? awmifu&kd ;D ,m;? xdkif0rf? AD,uferf?
zdvpfydkif? xdkif; ponfhEkdifiHwdkYjzifh wkwfudk 0dkif;ywfxm;rnfh
oabmjzpfonf/
*syef
wkwu
f vnf; oltiftm; rawmifw
h if;rD 0dik ;f 0ef;MuvQif
]bl;oD;EkEk? tarG;oyfovkd} jzpfrnfpdk;aomaMumifh cyfvQKdvQKd
wdwfwdwfqdwfqdwfjzpfatmif BudK;pm;onf/ ]wkwfjynfwuf
vmjyD}? tmHpk u
kd Mf u Rise of China [k Ekid if w
H umrD',
D mrsm;
txl;ojzifh taemufrD'D,mrsm;u okH;EIef;onfudk Rise of
China onf raumif ; aomed r d w f y gonf ? tjcm;ol r sm;ud k
Ncdrf;ajcmufonfh oabmygonf[k wkwfu oabmaygufum
]wkwf jidrf;csrf;pGmzGHYNzdK;jcif;} Peaceful Development of China
[kk ajymif;vJ okkH;EIef;&ef BudK;yrf;cJhonf/ odkYaomf rMumao;rDu
wkwfESifh ta&SUawmiftm&SEkdifiHtcsKdU awmifwkwfyifv,f
twGif;&Sd py&wfvDuRef;tcsKdUudk ydkifqdkifrI BuD; BuD;us,fus,f
tjiif;yGm;cJhovdk wkwfu wkwftrnf? *syefu *syeftrnf
ay;xm;onfh uRef;wpfuRe;f udk wkwfESifh *syefwdkY olyikd if gydik f
tjiif;yGm;cJhonf/ wkwfjynfwGif qEtBuD;tus,fjyMujyD;
*syefum;rsm;udk zsufqD;rD;IdUvdkufMu&m tkkwfatmfaomif;wif;
jzpfoGm;cJhonf/ ,ciftcsdefrsm;u wdwfqdwfqdwfaecJhaom
*syefwYu
kd vnf; ,cktcsed w
f iG f cyfwif;wif;rmrmwkYjH yefonft
h wGuf
*syefEiS w
hf kww
f Ykd \ twdwu
f &efa<u;&efpaMumifh pdk;&drfp&m
jzpfvmcJhonf/
wkwfonf jrefrmEkdifiHtwGuf ta&;BuD;aomEkdifiHjzpf
onf/ wkw\
f &if;ES;D jrKyfErHS o
I nf jrefrmEkid if w
H iG f tBuD;rm;qk;H
jzpfovdk ESpfekdifiHukefoG,frIonfvnf; jrefrmEkdifiHtwGuf
MuD;rm;onf/ taemuftkyfpkjzpfonfh tar&duefjynfaxmifpk?
jrefrmhyx0DEkdifiHa&;wGif;odkY aemufqkH;0ifa&mufvmonfh
EkdifiHBuD;rSm tm&SrS *syefjzpfonf/ 'kkwd,urmppfrwdkifrDu
*syefonf wkwfe,ftrsm;tjym;udk jc,fvS,fodrf;ydkufcJhonf
udk wkwu
f ,aeYwikd rf arh/ ,if;udo
k o
d nfh *syefuvnf; wkwf
ESifh pD;yGm;a&;qufqHa&; BuD;rm;pGmxm;&Sdaomfvnf; tjrJwap
owd x m;apmif h M unf h a eonf / ,ck k t csd e f w G i f *syef o nf
jrefrmEkdifiHodkY wpfausmhjyef 0ifa&mufcJhjyD/ pD;yGm;a&;NrdKUawmf
&efuek Ef iS hf teD;qk;Hk wGi&f o
dS nfh oDv0g tjynfjynfqikd &f mqdyu
f rf;udk
*syefu &if;ESD; jr K yf E S H r nf j zpf o vd k tcsuf t csmusonf h
xm;0,fa&eufqdyfurf; pD;yGm;a&;ZkefwGifvnf; t"du yg0if
vmzG,f&Sdonf/ tar&duef ESifh *syefonf r[mAsL[majrmuf
&if;ESD;aomqufqHa&;&Sdaom aMumifh wkwf? tar&duef? *syef
okH;yGifhqdkifZmwfvrf;rsm; jrif awGU&zG,f&Sdaeonf/
jrefrmhyx0D0ifEkdifiHa&;onf ta&SUtm&S yx0DEkdifiHa&;\
ta&;ygaomae&mwpfae&m jzpfvmNyD; EkkdifiHBuD;rsm; ajccsif;
vdrfatmif upm;yGJqifETJvmMurnfh t&dyfta,mifrsm; jrifawGU
ae&onf/ tjcm;Ekid if rH sm;onf olwYkd\ tusK;d pD;yGm;udak qmifMuOf;
&ef yx0DEkdifiHa&;udk okH;pGJMuovdk jrefrmEkkdifiHonfvnf; rdrd
tusKd;pD;yGm;twGuf yx0DEkdifiHa&;udk wefjyeftokkH;csEkdif&ef
vdkonf/ oltusKd;&Sd udk,ftusKd;&Sd win-win zefwD;EkkdifjyD; Risk
ac: tE&m,frsm;udkvnf; tajrmftjrifMuD;MuD; a&SmifuGif;Ekdif
ygu rdrEd idk if \
H yx0D0iftaetxm;rS Ekidk if t
H wGuf aumif;usKd;
&v'frsm; &,lEdkifayvdrfhrnf/
aZ,sol
28
The
VOICE
iHa&;wGif twkduftcHr&Sdyg/ twkduftcHqkdonfhoabmu olvkyforQrrSefuef[k qefYusifuefYuGufjcif;omjzpfonf/ tu,f olvkyfonfu rSefuefaecJhvQif olvkyfonfu wkdif;jynf
ESifhvlrsKd;twGuf tusKd;&Sdaprnfhvkyf&yfjzpfaecJhvQif rdrd\qefYusifuefYuGufrIu rSm;,Gif;oGm;aya&mhrnf/ EkdifiHa&;wGif rSefuefvQif axmufcH rrSefuefvQif uefYuGufjcif;om&Sdonf/
uefYuGufwkdif; twkduftcHjyKonfr[kwfyg/ uefYuGufonfqkdjcif;u wkdif;jynfESifhvlrsKd;twGuf tusKd;r&SdaMumif; a0zefaxmufjyjcif;omjzpfonf/ twkduftcHjyKjcif;ESifh uefYuGufjcif;udk
cGJjcm;odem;vnfapvdkygonf/
tvm;wlEkdifiHa&;wGif ]igESifhrwl igh&efol}qkdNyD; zdESdyfjcif;? edrfhusaernfomjzpfonf/
\a&SUarSmufwGif tppfaq;cHjcif;omjzpfonf/ t&nftcsif;
ESyd u
f yG jf cif;r&S&d yg/ zdEydS jf cif;? ESyd u
f yG jf cif;jzifh jyemudk yd
k om
EdkifiHwpfEkdifiH\pD;yGm;a&;udk avhvmoHk;oyf&ef 0gPdZ jynfhrDoludk jynfolu atmifrSwfay;vdrfhrnf/
BuD;xGm;aprnfjzpfonf/ rdrdESifhoabmxm;rwloludk ndEIdif; bJGU&zkdY&ef rvkdtyfyg/ aiGaMu;azmif;yGrIEIef;jrifhrm;aevQif? ukef
EdkifiHa&;wGif tpdk;&ygwD[lr&dS? twdkuftcHygwD[lr&Sd?
aqG;aEG;tajz&Smjcif;onfomvQif rSeu
f efaomvky&f yfjzpfonf/ aps;EIef;rwnfNidrfbJ ckefysHwufaevQif? tvkyfvufrJhEIef;jrifh omreftcsdefwGif a&G;aumufyGJwGif trwftrsm;qHk;&ygwDESifh
wpfzufuvnf; tay:pD;u ae&m&xm;ol vkyforQ twkduf rm;aevQif ,if;EkdifiH\ pD;yGm;a&;rl0g' rrSefuefjzpf&onfudk 'kwd,trwf trsm;qHk;&ygwD[lom&Sdonf/ EdkifiHa&;zGJUpnf;yHk
tcHjyKrnf/ wpfzufuvnf; ighuq
dk efYusiw
f myJqNdk yD; ESyd u
f yG rf nf tajccHvlwef;pm;utp odonf/ ,if;odkYtajccHpD;yGm;a&; pnf;rsOf;t&rl trwftrsm;qHk;&ygwDu tpdk;&zGJUcGifh&Sdonf/
qku
d ,if;Ekid if aH &;ywf0ef;usio
f nf b,fawmhrS Nidr;f csr;f rI&awmh
odkYaomf tajctae tcsdeftcgt& vdktyfcJhaomf EdkifiHa&;ygwD
rnfr[kwyf g/ Nidr;f csr;f rIr&vQif ,if;ae&ma'oonf b,fawmhrS
rsm; pkaygif;Edkif&rnf/
wkd;wufrnfr[kwfyg/ ,if;ae&ma'orwkd;wufvQif jynfol
1973 ckESpf tm&yf-tpa&;ppfyGJ (Yum Kipper War) jzpf
\b0u vHk;yg;yg;om aea&mhrnf/
yGm;cJph Ofujzpfonf/ tpa&;Edik if w
H iG f rpp*f v
kd 'f grD,m (Goldameir)
Ekid if aH &;[lonf t&m&mudk tavsmhay;qufqjH cif;r[kwf
u 0efBuD;csKyftjzpf avbmygwDudk OD;aqmifaeonf/ ppfjzpf
onfESifh qefYusifbufvD;uGwf (Likud) ygwDESifh yl;aygif;NyD;
ovdk ESdyfuGyfjcif;vnf;r[kwfyg/ EdkifiHa&;[lonf jynfol\
GeYfaygif;tpd;k &zGUJ vdu
k o
f nf/ ,if;onf Edik if aH &;jzpfonf/ Edik if H
tusKd;twGuf jzpfEkdifoa&GU ndEIdif;aqmif&Gufjcif;jzpfonf/
udk0rf;
ESiv
hf rl sKd;tusKd;pD;yGm;twGuf jynfwiG ;f nDw
G rf u
I kd csufcsif;&,l
ndEIdif;aqmif&Gufvdkaom pdwf"mwfr&SdvQif EkdifiHa&;rvkyfygESifh?
wnfaqmufvdkufonf/
EkdifiHa&;avmuxJ 0ifrvmcJhygESifh? jynfolESifhywfoufaom
rnfonft
h vkyu
f rkd S rvkyyf gESi/hf Edik if aH &;wGif igwaum0g'r&S/d uarmufurjzpf&onfrSm azmfjyygudk,fusKd;&Smorm;wkdYBuD;pdk;
EdkifiHa&;[lonf wpfOD;\tusKd;pD;yGm;r[kwf? wpfzGJU\
EkdifiHa&;wGif ol&Jaumif;0g'r&Sd/ EdkifiHa&;wGif Adkvfuspdk;rdk;a&; aeaomaMumifhjzpfonfrSm ]v,fjyifrSmqifoGm;ovdk} xif&Sm; tusKd;pD;yGm;r[kwf? EdkifiHESifhvlrsKd;\ tusKd;pD;yGm;jzpfonf/
0g'r&Sd/ EkdifiHa&;wGif wpfzGJUwpfpnf;u tNrJwrf; pdk;rdk;xm;Edkif aeygonf/
rnfolESifh rnfolwdkY ryl;aygif;Edkifp&m[laom taMumif;r&Sd/
a&; tuGufqifrI0g'rsm;r&Sdyg/ ,if;uJhodkYaom rrSefuefaom
EkdifiHa&;onf rDwm 100 tajy;NydKifyGJwpfckr[kwfyg/ jynfol\tusKd;pD;yGm;twGuf rnfolESifhrqdk rnfonfhtzGJU
vky&f yfrsm;ESihf jynfo\
l tusK;d pD;yGm; &S&d m&Sad Mumif; rnfoYkdrQaqmif rDwm 100 tajy;NydKifyGJwGif olYxufigtEkdif& qkwHqdyf&&ef tpnf;ygwDESifhrqdk yl;aygif;aqmif&Gufjcif;onf EdkifiHa&;jzpf
&GufEkdifrnfr[kwfyg/ ,if;rrSefuefaomvkyf&yfrsm; &Sifoefae ajy;Muonf/ EkdifiHa&;onf olYygwD ighygwDtEdkif&a&; r[kwf onf/
oa&GU ud,
k u
f sK;d pD;yGm;omjzpfxeG ;f NyD; jynfo\
l b0url edru
hf sNrJ yg/ a&G;aumufyGJ[lonf jynfol[laom pmppfol (Examiner)
udk0rf;
Ekdif
EkdifiHa&;wGif
twkduftcHr&Sdyg
29
VOICE
The
ed'gef;
vwfwavm wpfausmhjyefjzpfyGm;cJhonfh tMurf;zufrI
rsm;onf jref r mh a EG O D ; ud k tk y f q d k ; aprnf [ k Ed k i f i H w um
uRrf;usifolrsm;u axmufjyajymMum;cJhMuonf/ odkYaomfvnf;
trsKd;om;vHkNcHKa&;ESifh trsKd;om;a&;t& taemufbufwHcg;
rusKd;aygufa&;onf toufaoG;aMumjzpfaMumif; &yfwnfMu
onfvnf;&Sdonf/ tcsKdUuvnf; o[ZmwvlYtzGJUtpnf;odkY
arQmfrSef;wnfaqmufoGm;&ef tqdkjyKMuonf/ tcsKdUuvnf;
o[ZmwvlYtzGJUtpnf;odkY csD&mvrf;rSm tcsdeftawmfrsm;rsm;
apmifhqdkif;&rnfjzpfaMumif;? vwfwavmumvwGif oD;jcm;pD
ydkif;jcm;xm;&rnfjzpfaMumif; xkwfazmfajymMum;Muonfrsm;udk
vnf; awGU&Sd&onf/
wnfNidrfat;csrf;a&; (vwfwavmvdktyfcsuf)
yx0DEdkifiHa&; (tv,ftvwfvkyfief;pOf)
txufwef;usaom
trsKd;om;a&;ESifU
oef; 60 \ reufjzef
rSL;aZmf
wyfzGJU0ifrsm;jzifh e,fajr 11 ck? pcef; 32 ckwdkYjzifh ukef;ydkif;
qufpyfe,fedrdwfrsm;ESifh jrpf0? acsmif;0rsm;ESifh a&jyifqufpyf
e,fedrdwfrsm;wGif uif;pcef;rsm;xm;&Sd ajcukyf,l vHkNcHKa&;
aqmif&Gufjcif;? ewfjrpfwpfavQmuf a&jyifqufpyfe,fedrdwf
rsm;wGif uif;vSnfha&,mOfrsm;jzifh vHkNcHKa&;aqmif&Gufjcif;
ponfwdkYudk aqmif&Gufvsuf&Sdonf/
(3) a&aMumif;&JwyfzGJU
jrefrmEdkifiH&JwyfzGJUu 9-7-2012 &ufaeYwGif zGJUpnf;cJh
aom a&aMumif;&JwyfzGJUESifhpyfvsOf; a&aMumif; &JwyfzGJUcGJ
wpfckudk ausmufjzLqdyfurf;wGifvnf;aumif;? a&aMumif;
&JwyfzGJUESpfpkudk ppfawGESifhoHwGJ qdyfurf;rsm;wGifvnf;aumif;
jzefYcGJaqmif&GufoGm;rnfjzpfonf/
(4) &JwyfzGJU0iftiftm; wdk;jrifhjcif;
&cdkifjynfe,f&JwyfzGJUwGif wyfzGJU0iftiftm; wdk;jrifhzGJU
pnf;jcif;? vuf&Sdaqmif&Gufvsuf&Sdonfh &Jpcef; 75 cktjyif
&Jpcef; 30 ckwdkYudk topfxyfrHzGifhvSpfjcif;ESifh &Sd&if;rlv&Jpcef;
&Spfckudk tqifhwdk;jrifhjcif;wdkY pDrHaqmif&Gufvsuf&Sdonf/
(5) e,fpyfNcHpnf;dk;um&Hjcif;
e,fpyfwpfavQmufwGif e,fpyfNcHpnf;dk;rsm; um&Hjcif;udk
armifawmNrdKU ajrmufydkif;rS pwif armifawmNrdKUawmifydkif;
wHk;acsmif;0txd e,fpyfNcHpnf;dk;aqmif&GufNyD;jzpfonf/
w&m;r0if 0ifa&mufrrI sm;r&Sad p&eftwGuf acwfrv
D NkH cHKa&;pepf?
axmufvSrf;a&;ud&d,mrsm;ESifh acwfrDqufoG,fa&;pepfrsm;
toHk;jyK umuG,fEkdif&ef pDrHvsuf&Sdonf/
(6) pdppfjcif;ESifh ppfaq;jcif;
oufqkdif&mXmersm;u NrdKUe,ftoD;oD;wGif a&Smifwcif
ppfaq;jcif;? ukef;vrf;? a&qdyf? avqdyfESifh yifv,furf;ajc
0ifayguf? xGufaygufppfaq;a&;*dwfrsm;rS ppfaq;jcif;? jrpf
aMumif;rsm; a&Smifwcifppfaq;jcif;wdkYudk aqmif&Gufvsuf&Sd
onf/ ckd;0ifjcif;? cdk;xGufjcif;r&Sdap&eftwGufvnf; oufqkdif
&m Xmersm;u &yfuGuf^ aus;&Gmrsm;udk ajryHkqGJjcif;? taqmuf
ed*Hk;
EkdifiHwum rD'D,mrsm;wGif jrefrmEkdifiHESifhpyfvsOf; tjyK
oabm raqmifaom a&;om;azmfjycsufrsm; trsm;tjym; awGU
&Sdae&onf/ NyD;cJhonfh q,fpkESpfausmfumvtwGif; b*FgvD
vlrsKd;rsm;\ oD;jcm;EkdifiHcGJxGufa&; vIHYaqmfrIrsm;? EkdifiHwum
tpdk;&rsm;ESifh tzGJUtpnf;rsm;odkY pepfwusxdk;azmufvIyf&Sm;rI
rsm; ponfwkdYt& zdtm;wpf&yfjzpfcJh&aom tajctaeonf
vuf&SdEkdifiHawmf orwBuD;vufxuf vGwfvyfyGifhvif;aom
EkdifiHa&;ESifh tkyfcsKyfa&;pepfudkyg vTrf;rdk;aeonfh taetxm;
jzpfaMumif; awGU&Sd&onf/ tpGef;a&muftMurf;zuftzGJUtpnf;
trnfcrH sm;uvnf; [kwaf omf&?dS r[kwaf omf&dS Ncdr;f ajcmufjcif;?
vIYHaqmfjcif;rsm; jyKvkyfvsuf&Sd&m trsKd;om;a&;twGuf Ncdrf;
ajcmufrIBuD;wpf&yf[l EkdifiHom;rsm;pdwfwGif pGJepfvmcJhonf/
vlenf;pkyg [l EkdifiHwumtv,fwGif rsuf&nfcHxdk;
a<u;aMumfvIHYaqmfaeMuolrsm;taejzifhvnf; orkdif;ESifhcsDNyD;
IyfaxG;eufeJvSaom vuf&Sdy#dyuudk ykdrdkBuD;rm;rvmap&ef
owdjzifh qifjcifoifhaMumif;awGU&Sd&onf/ udkvdkeDb0usa&muf
cJhzl;aom tm&SEkdifiHwdkif;wGif twdwfrS t&dyfrnf;BuD;rsm; tNrJ
tkyfrdk;aeovdk trsKd;om;a&;pdwf"mwfonf tcsdeftcgoifhwkdif;
tqifoihf&Sdaewwfaom oabmobm0udk owdjyK&efvdktyf
onf/ tvm;wl trsKd;om;a&;wGifvnf; oef; 60 tem*wfudk
xdcdkufepfemapEkdifaom vIHYaqmfrIrsm; owdjzifha&Smif&Sm;Mu&ef
vdktyfrnfjzpfonf/ jrefrmhaEGOD; yHk&dyfonf &ckdifjynfe,f t&dyf
rnf;aMumifh ndK;EGrf;roGm;ap&efvnf; yg0ifywfoufaeol
tm;vHk;\ tajrmftjrifu t"duusaeaMumif; awGU&Sd&onf/
EkdifiHawmforwHk;u xkwfjyefaom owif;xkwfjyefcsuf
(1^2012) ESifh (2^2012) wdkYwGif vuf&Sdtajctaeudk NcHKiHkazmf
jyvsuf&Sdovkd Rule of Law udk tav;xm; aqmif&GufoGm;rnfh
EkdifiHawmforwBuD;\ vkyfief;pOfudkvnf; awGUjrifEkdifonf/
tqkdyg aMunmcsufrsm;wGif xkwfjyefxm;onfhtwkdif; y#dyu
rsm;udk ajz&Sif;&m ESpfOD;ESpfzuf tusKd;aus;Zl;&&Sdaprnfh
enf;vrf;rsm;udk a&G;cs,fNyD; Oya'ESifhtnD Nidrf;csrf;pGmESifh Pf
ynmtajrmftjrif&SdpGmjzifh ajz&Sif;oGm;Mu&ef vdktyfrnf jzpf
ovdk urmhtv,fwGif EkdifiHawmf\*kPfodumudk rxdcdkuf
rnKd;EGrf;apa&;twGuf EkdifiHawmfudkcspfjrwfEkd;ol &[ef;&Sifvl
jynfoltaygif;wdkYuvnf; Nidrf;csrf;pGmjzifh yl;aygif;ulnDaqmif
&GufMu&ef vdktyfrnfjzpfonf/
txl;ojzifh aoG;qlvG,faom y#dyuudk OD;wnfaom
trsKd;om;a&;udk owdjzifh qifjcifvsu?f &ifu
h suNf yD; txufwef;
usaom trsKd;om;a&;udk a&S;IOD;wnfMuygrnfhtaMumif; rD;
armif;xdk;wifjyvdkuf&ayonf/
rSL;aZmf
30
The
VOICE
ykefuefrIrsm;tp
0H o mEk t oif ; BuD ; [k trnf w G i f a eaom *sD p D b D a t
ESpfjcrf;uGJrIonf yxrtBudrfjzifh&yfwefYraebJ 'kwd,?
wwd,tBudrfrsm;tjzpf qufwdkufqdkovdk uGJNyJcJhNyD;aemuf
v,form;olykefvIyf&Sm;rI pwifaomtcsdef jrefrmhEdkifiHa&;
pifjrifhay:rS uG,faysmufoGm;&awmhonf/
*sDpDbDattoif;onf OD;cspfvdIif? OD;baz[l 'dkiftmcD
tkycf sKyfa&;ESiyhf wfoufNyD; ESpjf crf;uGcJ &hJ mrS OD;bazOD;aqmifaom
21 OD;tzGJUonf jynfoljynfom;rsm;ygwD xlaxmifonf/
*sDpDbDatonf OD;cspfvdIif OD;aqmifrIatmuf tm;aysmhroGm;bJ
qufvuf&yfwnfae&mrSm aemufxyf 2 ESpftMum 1925 wGif
xyfrHuGJMuavonf/
1924 ykodrfc&dkif&Sd i0efqnf usKd;ayguf&m vltrsm;
aoausMuNyD; tdk;rJhtdrfrJhb0udk a&muf&SdcJhMuonf/ a&ab;
'kuonfrsm;udk u,fq,faxmufyHh&ef *sDpDbDattoif;u
aiGaumufcHNyD; pm;eyf&dumrsm;udk ulnDcJhonf/ pm&if;&Sif;
aomtcg aiG 10000 ausmfudk pm&if;rjyEdkifojzifh twGif;usdwf
yGpdyGpdjzpfMuonf/ wjznf;jznf; vlodrsm;vmaomtcg pm&if;
&Sif;&ef qlylvmMuojzifh oHCmawmfrsm;u ta&;,lpHkprf;
ppfaq;Muonf/
OD;cspfviId u
f vlUudp oHCmESirhf qdik [
f q
k Nkdy;D &[ef;oHCmawmf
rsm; 0ifa&mufpGufzufonfudk jywfjywfom;om;y,fcscJhonf/
oHCmhMo0g'rcHEdkif[k OD;cspfvdIifu aemufqHk;tajzay;vdkuf
onf/ ,if;jyemonf 1925 ck a&TbdkwGifusif;yrnfh
*sDpDbDattoif;\ (12) Budrfajrmuf uGefz&ifhwGif tBuD;
tus,jf zpfvmonf/ OD;cspv
f iId u
f kd &mxl;rSz,f&mS ;um a&eHacsmif;
rS tar&duefjyef r[modyHbGJU& OD;pdk;odrf;udk Ou|tjzpf
wifajrmufvdkufonf/ OD;cspfvdIif vdkvm;olrsm;u ]tnrn
orE} trnfjzifh *dkPf;cGJaxmif&m OD;cspfvdIif *sDpDbDat?
OD;pdk;odrf; *sDpDbDat[l aemufxyfESpfjcrf;uGJoGm;jyefonf/
jrefrmhEdkifiHa&;avmu OD;bazOD;aqmifaom 21 OD;tzGJU?
OD;pdk;odrf;OD;aqmifaom *sDpDbDat? OD;cspfvdIif OD;aqmifaom
*sDpDbDat[l *sDpDbDat oHk;zGJUtNydKiftqdkifay:aygufvm
onf/ yxrurmppfBuD;NyD;qH;k onfh 1918 rS 1928 txd 10 ESpf
MumumvtwGif; jrefrmhpD;yGm;a&;tajctaerSm tqdk;&Gm;qHk;
aomtaetxm; qdkufa&mufvmonf/ pD;yGm;a&;epfemrIrsm;
aMumifh jrefrmjynf\ vlOD;a&trsm;qHk;jzpfaom awmifolv,f
orm;rsm; t"duxdcdkufcJh&onf/ tpdk;& v,f,mrif;BuD;tjzpf
wm0efxrf;aqmifcJhol uavwifu ]]urmhqefpyg;aps;uGuf
twGif; jrefrmhqefrsm; uRrf;qdkufusvmrIaMumifh awmifol
v,form;rsm; a<u;vnfyif;cdkufvmcJhMuonf/ xdktaMuG;
rsm;udk rnfodkYrQ jyefvnfray;qyfEdkifaomaMumifh if;wdkYydkif
v,f,majrrsm;udk cspfwD;rsm;ESifh aiGwdk;acs;pm;rsm;vufxJ
v,form;ykefuefrIrsm;udk
udkvdkeD,E&m;tawGYtBuHKrsm;pGm&Sdaom
NAdwdoQwdkh aumif;pGm&dyfpm;rdNyD;
tajctaersm; NidrfoufrI&Sdap&ef wwfEdkiforQ
BudK;yrf;cJUonf/ awmifolv,form;rsm;
v,f,mrJU rjzpfapa&;?
a<u;rwifapa&;twGuf
ywmpepf? ua&mif;pepf? v,form;bPf?
or0g,r pDrHudef;rsm;jzifU
usm;uefay;aomfvnf; ajyvnfrIr&SdcJUay/
NAdwdoQwdkh\ tusKd;pD;yGm;ESifU
a'ocHjrefrmwdkh\ tusKd;pD;yGm;ajzmifUajzmifUBuD;
qefhusifaeaomaMumifUjzpfonf/
tkPfOD;vGwfvyfa&; (5)
aeoefarmif
t&if;&Siv
f yk if ef;tjzpf urmq
h efa&mif;0,frw
I iG f yg0ifEikd af tmif
aqmif&GufMuonf/ xdktcg yk*v
duv,f,mpepfaysmufuG,f
vmNyD; ajrrsm;tvkt,ufazmfxkwfMuum ukefoG,frItjrwf
tpGef;twGuf v,f,mvkyaf ompepfay:aygufvmonf/ atmufjrefrm
jynfwGif t&if;&Sifv,f,mpepf pwifay:aygufvmcJhonf/
t&if;&Sifv,f,mpepfonf jrefrmhv,f,mpdkufysKd;a&;\
tcsif;csif; ulnDrItajccHudk zsufqD;NyD;aemuf ,SOfNydKifEdkifrIudk
zefwD;ay;onf/ xdkYaemuf bPfvkyfief;rsm;? ukefonfrsm;?
twdk;pm;olrsm; (cspfwD;rsm;) udk jrefrmhv,f,mvkyfief;twGif;
qGJoGif;vmcJh&m NAdwdoQAsLdkua&pDpepfESifh yl;aygif;NyD; jrefrmh
v,form;wdkY\ ausmdk;udkcsKd;&ef BudK;yrf;Muawmhonf/
1929-1930 urmhpD;yGm;ysufuyf (Great Depression)
tcef;qufazmfjyyg&SdcJUaom aqmif;yg;rsm;pkpnf;rI
rSefeef;aqmifuefhvefhumrsm;
aeoefarmif
xGufawmh rnf
31
VOICE
The
vl
om;wdkYonf a&S;ya0oPDuyif pm;? 0wf? aea&;twGuf kef;uefvIyf&Sm;cJhMuonf/ xdkYaMumifhyif vlom;wdkY\ t"duvdktyfcsuftjzpf pm;? 0wf? aea&;udk a&SUwef;wif a&;om;ajymqdk
cJhMuonf/ a&S;u ]onf&GmrSmae? onf&GmrSm pm;Muonf} toufarG;0rf;ausmif;tvkyfudk a0;a0;vHvHoGm;a&mufvkyfudkifonfr&Sday/
ewfvlom"kac:apaomf
odef;xufatmif
1988 ckESpf ta&;tcif;umvBuHKBudKufaomtcg wdkif;
aumifpDtvkyftrIaqmiftzGJU0ifrsm; tjyifodkYxGufcGifhr&bJ
wdkif;Hk; (NrdKUawmfcef;r) twGif; ydwfrdaeMuygonf/ qEjyol
tzGJUtpnf;toD;oD;onf NrdKUawmfcef;ra&SUodkYa&mufvQif
udkifaqmifvmaom qdkif;bkwfrsm;udk NrdKUawmfcef;rbufodkY
vSnfh a<u;aMumfoHrsm;udk ydkrdkus,favmifpGm atmf[pfMuyg
onf/ xdktzGJUtpnf;rsm;teuf r.x.o (,mOfarmif;rsm;avm?
,mOfaemufvdkufrsm;avm? ,mOfydkif&Sifrsm;avm? rodyg/) tkyfpk
onf qdkif;bkwfrsm;udk cef;rbufvSnfh us,favmifpGm
atmf[pfvu
kd af omtoHum; ]]wdYkyu
kd q
f aH wG jyefay;}} [lownf;/
ydkufqHawGjyefay; ray;awmh uRefawmfrodyg/ onfbuf
acwf e.0.w tpdk;&wufvmaomtcg &efukefwdkif; ppfXmecsKyf
wdkif;rSL; (w.0.w Ou|) 'kwd,AdkvfcsKyfBuD;rsKd;GefYu tpnf;
ta0;wpfckwGif trSmpum;ajymMum;&mrSm ]r.x.o} udk wcsKdU
u ]jrefjrefqefqef xdxda&mufa&muf o,f,lydkYaqmifa&;} vdkY
t"dym ,fziG q
hf Mkd uw,f/ 'gayrJh uReaf wmfuawmh ]r.x.o} qkw
d m
udk ]rxm;oifh}vkdYyJ t"dym,fzGifhqkdcsifygw,f[l t&Tef;azmuf
vkduf&m tpnf;ta0;wufa&mufvmolrsm; 0g;ceJ yGJusoGm;yg
onf/
xkdpOfu wkdif;rSL;u ,ckuJhodkYajymqkdjcif;onf rxo\
vkyfief;obm0rSm IyfaxG;jcif;? ,mOfydkif&Sifrsm;? ,mOfarmif;
rsm;? ,mOfaemufvkdufrsm; ponfjzifh vlwef;pm;pHkvifNyD; if;
wkdYudk pDrHuGyfuJxdef;odrf;&cufjcif;? c&D;onfrsm;? ,mOfxdef;
&Jrsm;ESiv
hf nf; rMumcPjyemwufavh&jdS cif; ponfwYdk tjyif
tzGJUtpnf;twGif; &efyHkaiGudpr sm;&SdNyD; ,mOfydkif&Sifrsm;\xnhf
0ifaiGrsm;rSmvnf; ,mOfarmif;? ,mOfaemufvkdufwkdY\ usef;rm
a&;? vlrIa&;udpr sm;? om;orD;wkdY\ynma&;udpr sm; axmufyHh
&jcif;tjyif ]tvSL'gejyKMuolig} tpDtpOftwGuf xnfch sio
f nf
jzpfap? rxnfhcsifonfjzpfap twif;tusyf xnfh0ifae&jcif;
paom jyemaygif;aomif;ajcmufaxmifaMumifh rxm;oifh
bl;[k ajymqkdcJhjcif;jzpf[efwlygonf/
rxotzGJUtpnf;wpfckwnf;&SdpOfuyif xdef;odrf;&cuf
onfhtxJ ta&;tcif;umvNyD;aemuf ,mOfvkdif;rsm;toD;oD;
ay:vmMuygonf/ ppfrx
I rf;a[mif;&efyaHk iGEiS hf BuHch ikd af &;toif;
rsm;&efyHkaiGtwGuf ajy;qGJaom ]oefjrefol}? ]a&Ttif;0}ESifh ]Nidrf;
csrf;a&;},mOfvkdif;rsm;? c0w^c,u tzGJUrsm; &efyHkaiGtwGuf
ajy;qGJaom ,mOfvkdif;rsm;ESifh OD;ydkifvufatmufcH,mOfvkdif;
rsm;jzpfonfh yg&rD^t"dywd ponfh ,mOfvkdif;rsm;toD;oD;ay:
aygufvmygonf/ xkduJhodkY ,mOfvdkif;rsm; rsm;jym;vmonfESifh
rQ ,mOfvkdif;tvkdufajy;qGJaeonfh vkdif;aMumrsm;IyfaxG;vm
jcif;? tcsKdUvrf;aMumif;wpfckwnf;wGif ,mOfvkdif; ESpfvkdif;?
oHk;vkdif;xyfajy;qGJvmojzifh c&D;onfvk&if; ,mOfvkdif;tcsif;
csif;cdkuf&efjzpfyGm;&onfhjzpfpOfrsm; ay:aygufvmonfudk
awGU&Sd&ygonf/
xkduJhodkY ,mOfvkdif;tcsif;csif; tNydKiftqkdiftvkt,uf
ajy;qGJarmif;ESifjcif;? c&D;onfvkwifjcif;? rSwfwkdifvk0ifjcif;?
rD;ydGKifhwGif twuftqif;jyKvkyfjcif;? rSwfwkdifwGif r&yfjcif;
ponfhjzpfpOfrsm; rsm;jym;vmaomfvnf; 0efxrf;tiftm;enf;
yg;aom ,mOfxdef;&JwyfzGJUtaejzifh ta&;,l&efrEkdifreif;jzpf&
ygonf/ ta&;,l&efaqmif&Gufonfhtcgrsm;wGifvnf; ,mOf
vkdif;rsm;rSm rl0g'qdkif&mtzGJUtpnf;rsm;jzpfMuNyD; if;wdkY\
,mOfarmif;rSm;onfjzpfap? rSefonfjzpfap rm;rm;rwfrwf&yf
wnfMuonfjzpf&m ,mOfxdef;&JwkdYrSm ta&;,lcGifhromjzpf&yg
onf/ xkdYtjyif yg&rDESifh t"dywd,mOfvkdif;rsm;qkdvQif a,mif
vkYdyifrwm;&Jyg/ ]]'gu b,foUl &JUum;uG? bmrSwv
f ?J jyKwfomG ;
csifvm;}}[laom tajymrsKd;aMumifhvnf; udk,fhb0&yfwnfa&;
twGuf ,mOfxdef;&JwdkYrSm a0;a0;ua&Smif&jyefygonf/
aemufydkif;wGifawmh ,mOfarmif;? ,mOfaemufvkdufESifh
,mOfxdef;&JwkdYrSm rdwf&if;? aqG&if;(abmf'g)rsm;jzpfoGm;MuNyD;
awGUNyDqkdonfESifh vuf0g;csif;dkufNyD; EIwfqufMuygawmh
onf/
,Ofaus;rIwpfckonf umv&SnfMumpGm wnfwHhckdifNrJ
wwfonfhtavsmuf vuf0g;csif;dkuf ,Ofaus;rIonfvnf;
,aeY'Drdkua&pDacwfwkdifatmif qufvufwnfNrJvsuf&Sdyg
onf/ odkY&mwGif ,mOfpnf;urf;xdef;odrf;a&;^BuD;Muyfa&;
aumfrwDrsm;zGUJ pnf;NyD; aqmif&u
G v
f m&m rMumrDu zwf&I aom
owif;wpfckrSm ,mOfpnf;urf;azmufzsufaom,mOfrsm;tm;
azmufzsufrI tBudrfta&twGuftvkduf umvtuefYtowf
jzifh &efukefwkdif;a'oBuD;vTwfawmf0if;twGif;xm;&Sd ,mOf
vkdif;ydwfodrf;cJh&m yg&rD^t"dywd,mOfvkdif;u trsm;qHk;jzpf
aMumif; od&Sd&ojzifh 'Drdkua&pDacwfwGif vlBuD;rsm;0ifa&muf
MoZmvTrf;rdk;rIr&SdawmhaMumif; jyo&ma&mufojzifh 0rf;omyDwd
jzpf&ygonf/
odkY&mwGif uRefawmftxufwGif wifjycJhovkd oufrJh
ypnf;armfawmf,mOfudk tjypf'Pfay;jcif;xuf ouf&Sd,mOf
armif;udk tjypf'Pfay;jcif;u ydkrdkxda&mufrnf[k xifjrif,lq
ygonf/
rMumao;rDu *syefEidk if rH S ukrP
w
D pfcu
k &efuek Nf rdKUwGi;f
c&D;onfwif,mOfvidk ;f rsm;ajy;qGo
J nfh pepftygt0if armfawmf
,mOftopfrsm;jzifh ,mOfvkdif;opfrsm;yg0ifajy;qGJrnf[laom
owif;wpfckxGufay:vmNyD; ,cktcg tqifoifhrjzpfao;
ojzifh ESpf0ufcefYaemufqkwfoGm;aMumif; Mum;od&ygonf/
rnfodkYyifjzpfap &efukefNrdKUwGif;wGif rwluGJjym;aom tkyfcsKyfrI
tzGJUtpnf;trsKd;rsKd;\vufatmufwGif ,mOfvkdif;trsm;tjym;
&Sdygonf/ ,if;,mOfvkdif;rsm;\vufatmufwGif ,mOfydkif&Sif
rsm;? ,mOfarmif;rsm;? ,mOfaemufvkdufrsm;onfvnf; pnf;
urf;owfrSwfcsuftrsKd;rsKd;\atmufwGif vIyf&Sm;oGm;vmae&
ygonf/ oufqkdif&m,mOfvkdif;rsm;tvkduf pnf;urf;owf
rSwfcsuftrsKd;rsKd;&SdMuaomfvnf; ,mOfarmif;rsm;vkdufem&rnfh
pnf;urf;url wpfrsKd;wnf;om&Sdygonf/
tqkdygwpfrsKd;wnf;aom ,mOfpnf;urf;? vrf;pnf;urf;
Oya't&? Oya'ESifhtnD w&m;0ifxdef;odrf;uGyfuJ&onfrSm
vnf; (BudK;rJhaMu;eef;ESifh),mOfxdef;wyfzGJUomvQifjzpfygonf/
odkY&mwGif ,aeY,mOfxdef;wyfzGJUrSm wyfzGJU0iftiftm;tvGef
enf;yg;ygonf/ vlBuD;rsm;oGm;&mvrf;aMumif;ESifh ta&;BuD;
rD;ydGKifhtcsKdUwGifom wm0efcsxm;EkdifNyD; vSnfhuif;pepfjzifhom
wm0efxrf;aqmif&aomaMumifh ,mOfxdef;vpfonfESifh ,mOf
pnf;urf;csKd;azmufMuygonf/ tqdk;0g;qkH;aom ,mOfpnf;
urf;csKd;azmufrIrSm c&D;onfwkdY\touftE&m,fESifh tvGef
eD;uyfaomtNydKiftqkdifarmif;ESifjcif;? ,mOfaMumajymif;jyefjzpf
onftxd tvkt,ufausmfwufjcif;rsm;jzpfygonf/ rjzpfcif
u BudKwifwm;qD;jcif;xuf jzpfvmrS tylwjyif; tonf;toef
ta&;,laqmif&Gufjcif;onf uRefawmfwkdYwGif tdk;pGJaeaom
(tpdk;&tqufqufu ygvmonfh),Ofaus;rIwpfck jzpfaeyg
onf/
,ciftpdk;&vufxufwGif ,mOfpnf;urf;? vrf;pnf;
urf; azmufzsufrIrsm;udk xda&mufpGmta&;,laqmif&GufEkdif
pmrsufESm 32 odkY
32
The
VOICE
rnf
pHy,fwpfuHk;ESifU
BudrfvHk;rsm;
33
VOICE
The
jrwf(uav;)
ckESpf ESpfv,f arvaemufqHk;ywfwGif &cdkifjynfe,f &rf;NAJNrdKUe,ftwGif;jzpfyGm;cJhaom &cdkiftrsKd;orD;wpfOD;ukd t"rjyKusifh? vlowfrIrSpwifcJhonfh &cdkifjynfe,fy#dyu\ qkd;usKd;
&v'ftjzpf y#dyutajccH&m &rf;NAJNrdKUtygt0if bl;oD;awmif? armifawm? ppfawG? aygufawm? &aohawmif? ausmufawmf paomNrdKUrsm;rS aoqHk;olvlOD;a& 140 eD;yg;ESifh aetdrf
aygif; 7500 ausmfysufpD;cJhum vlOD;a& 93600 ausmfcefYonf 'kuonfrsm;b0odkY a&muf&SdcJh&onf/ aemufqufwGJqkd;usKd;rsm;tjzpf &cdkifjynfe,ftwGif;&SdESifhNyD;aom b*FgvDvlrsKd;rsm;ESifh
b*Fvm;a'h&SfEkdifiHrS b*FgvDvlrsKd;rsm;onf &cdkifjynfe,f? csif;jynfe,f? ppfudkif;wkdif;a'oBuD;txufydkif;a'orsm;odkY b*Fvm;a'h&SfESifh tdEd,EdkifiHwkdYrSwpfqifh w&m;r0ife,fpyfjzwfausmf
awmvrf;rsm;rScdk;0ifvmcJhMuNyD; jrefrmEkdifiHtwGif;odkY pdrfh0ifysHUESHYvsuf&Sdaeonf/ pufwifbmv 13 &ufaeYwGif &cdkifta&;ESihfywfouf orwtqkdaxmufcHyGJwpf&yf uav;NrdKUwGifusif;ycJhNyD;
aemufwpfaeY pufwifbmv 14 &ufaeYwGif cdk;0ifb*FgvD 10 OD;ESifh jrefrmvrf;jywpfOD;wkdYudk zrf;qD;&rdcJhonf/ ,if;rwkdifrDwGifvnf; zrf;qD;&rdcJhjcif;rsm;&SdaMumif; Mum;od&onfhtwGuf xdkodkY
w&m;r0ifckd;0ifvmrIrsm;udk uav;ckdif vl0ifrIBuD;Muyfa&;ESifh trsKd;om;rSwfyHkwifa&;OD;pD;Xmetaejzifh rnfodkYaqmif&Gufaeonfudkod&Sd&eftwGuf uav;cdkifvl0ifrIBuD;Muyfa&;ESihf trsKd;om;
rSwfyHkwifa&;OD;pD;XmeESifh The Voice Weekly wkdY atmufwkdbmv 7 &ufaeYwGif awGUqHkar;jref;cJhonfrsm;udk azmfjyvdkufygonf/
ar; / / ck;d 0ifvmwJb
h *FgvDawGudk
ppfudkif;wdkif;a'oBuD;twGif;rSm NrdKU
e,ftvdu
k f zrf;qD;&rdwJhowif;awG
rD'D,mawGa y:rS m awG U vm&awmh
tJ'Dw&m;r0ifcdk;0ifvmwJh EkdifiHjcm;
om;awGudk umuG,fwm;qD;EdkifzdkY
twGuf uav;cdik f v.0.u taeeJY
b,fvdkpDrHcsufawGeJY vkyfaqmifae
w,fqw
kd m odcsiyf gw,f/
ajz / / ppfudkif;wdkif;a'oBuD;?
uav;cdkiftwGif;rSm tdEd,e,fpyf
uaewpf q if h b*F g vD v l r sKd ; rsm;
w&m;r0ifcdk;0ifvmrI[m &cdkifjynf
e,frmS jzpfymG ;cJw
h u
hJ pd e YJ rqdik yf gbl;/
&cdkifjynfe,frSm jzpfyGm;cJhwJhudp
rwdik rf u
D wnf;u rMumcP zrf;qD;
&rdaewmyg/ &cdkifjynfe,frSm qlyl
tMurf;zufrIawGjzpfvmrS zrf;qD;ae
wmr[kwfovdk b*FgvDvlrsKd;rsm;udk
om zrf;qD;wm r[kwfygbl;/ EdkifiH
twGi;f udk cGijhf yKcsurf &&Sb
d J w&m;r0if
cdk;0ifvmwJh b,fvdkEdkifiHjcm;om;udk
rqdk azmfxkwfzrf;qD;oGm;rSmjzpfyg
w,f/
'gaMumifh 'DXmetaeeJY ppfuikd ;f
wdik ;f a'oBuD;twGi;f u cdik ?f NrdKUe,f
tm;vH;k rSm Edik if jH cm;om;awG w&m;r0if
cdk;0ifvmrIawGudk umuG,fwm;qD;
EdkifzdkYtwGuf vl0ifrIBuD;Muyfa&;ESifh
trsKd ; om;rS w f y H k w if a &;OD ; pD ; Xme
Hk;csKyfeJY ppfudkif;wdkif;a'oBuD; OD;pD;
'Dvdkw&m;r0ifcdk;0ifvmwJU vltrsm;pkuawmU
b*FgvDvlrsKd;awGjzpfygw,f/
'gUtjyif tdEd,EdkifiHom;wcsKdYudkvnf;
w&m;r0if Oya'rJU cdk;0ifvmwJUtwGuf
zrf;qD;&rdwmawG&Sdygw,f/
&nf&G,fcsufuawmU wcsKdY[m
jrefrmEdkifiHudkMum;cHNyD; xdkif;eJh
rav;&Sm;EdkifiHawGqD oGm;a&mufzdkheJh
wcsKdYuawmU jynfwGif;rSm tajccsaexdkifvkyfudkifzdkh
&nf&G,faMumif; awGY&ygw,f/
udk 1947 ckESpf jrefrmEdkifiHvl0ifrI
BuD;Muyfa&; (vwfwavmjy|mef;
csufrsm;) tufOya'yk'fr 13 (1)
t&vnf;aumif;? olwdkYudkulnDac:
aqmifvmwJh jrefrmEdkifiHom;rsm;udk
vl0ifrIBuD;Muyfa&;tufOya'yk'fr
13 (5) t&vnf;aumif; w&m;pGJqdk
ta&;,lcJhygw,f/
ar; / / cdkiftwGif;rSm rw&m;
0ifa&mufru
I muG,af &;tzGUJ (r.u.z)
zGJUpnf;xm;ygovm;/ zGJUpnf;&jcif;
&JU &nf&,
G cf suef YJ b,fvpkd rD cH suaf wG
eJY aqmif&u
G af ew,fqw
kd m odcsifyg
w,f/
ajz / / uav;cdkiftwGif;rSm
EkdifiHjcm;om;rsm; rw&m;0ifa&mufrI
umuG,fa&;tzGJUudk 1964 ckESpf
avmufupNyD; zGJUpnf;xm;ygw,f/
vuf&SdumvrSm uav;cdkifeJY wrl;
cdkiftwGif; trSwf (21) EkdifiHjcm;
om;rsm; rw&m;0ifa&mufru
I muG,f
a&;tzGJU[m owfrSwfwm0efrsm;udk
nTeMf um;csufawGeYJ tnD jzefYcw
JG m0ef
xrf;aqmifvsuf&Sdygw,f/ 'DtzGJU&JU
&nf&G,fcsufawG[m EdkifiHjcm;om;
awG rw&m;0ifa&mufrIudk umuG,f
wm;qD;zkdYyJjzpfygw,f/ 'Dvdk um
uG,fwm;qD;EkdifzdkYtwGuf txufrSm
ajzMum;xm;wJh pDrHcsufawGcsrSwfNyD;
a'otmPmyd k i f t zG J U tpnf ; awG ?
jynfolvlxkawG yl;aygif;yg0if ulnD
rIeJY aqmif&Gufvsuf&Sdygw,f/
ar; / / pDrHcsufumvudkvnf;
odcsifygw,f/
ajz / / 'DpDrHcsuf[m wpf&uf?
wpfv? wpfESpfeJY NyD;pD;r,fh vkyfief;
rsKd;r[kwfbJ ? EkdifiHeJY EkdifiHom;awG
twGuf a&&SnftpDtrHtjzpf owf
rSwfaqmif&Gufvsuf&Sdygw,f/
ar; / / cdik t
f wGi;f rSm jynfoal wG
udk 'Dvdkrw&m;ckd;0ifvmr,fh EkdifiH
jcm;om;awGukd umuG,w
f m;qD;Ekid zf Ykd
b,f v d k t od y nmay;jcif ; rsKd ; awG
aqmif&u
G af ew,fqw
kd m odcsiyf gw,f/
ajz / / vl0ifrIBuD;Muyfa&;ESifh
trsKd;om;rSwfyHkwifa&; OD;pD;Xme
NrdKUe,fOD;pD;rSL;awG[m oufqkdif&m
NrdKUe,ftvku
d f &yfuu
G ?f aus;&Gmtkypf k
tk y f c sKyf a &;rS L ;awG u aewpf q if h
oufqkdifwJh jynfolvlxk od&Sdatmif
tcGifhtcgoifhwkdif; today;aqG;aEG;
vsuf&Sdygw,f/ 'ghtjyif vuf&Sd
aqmif&GufaewJh rkd;yGifhpDrHcsufawGeJY
tdraf xmifpv
k Ol ;D a&pm&if;eJY Ekid if o
H m;
pdppfa&;uwfjym;awGudk &yfuu
G ?f
aus;&GmawGrSm&SdwJh jynfolv l x k u d k
'Dvdkw&m;r0if Oya'rJhckd;0ifvmwJh
EkdifiHjcm;om;awGudk umuG,fwm;
qD;EkdifzdkYtwGuf yl;aygif;yg0ifa&;?
azmfxkwfzrf;qD;Ekdifa&;wdkYtwGuf
ynmay;a[majymtoday;rSmMum;
aqmif&Gufapvsuf&Sdygw,f/
ar; / / [kwfuJh? jznhfpGufajym
csifwmrsm;&Sd&if ajymjyay;yg/
ajz / / aemufqHk;taeeJY jznhf
pGufajymvdkwmuawmh 'Dvdkw&m;r
0if cdk;0ifvmwJh EkdifiHjcm;om;awGudk
umuG,fwm;qD;EkdifzdkYeJY azmfxkwf
ta&;,lEkdifzdkYtwGuf 'DXmetyg
t0if oufqkdif&mXme? tzGJUtpnf;
awGeYJwifrvHak vmufbJ jynfov
l x
l k
uvnf; yl;aygif;yg0ifulnDaqmif
&Gurf o
S m xda&mufpmG umuG,w
f m;qD;
azmfxkwf ta&;,lEkdifrSmjzpfaMumif;
ajymvdkygw,f/
jrwf(uav;)
34
The
VOICE
aemufxyfav;ESpf . . .
ausmfrif;aqG
]]F
]]aemufxyf
av;ESpf... aemufxyfav;ESpf...}}/ axmifESifhcsDaom
y&dowf\ oHNydKifatmf[pfou
H Springfield txufwef;ausmif;
tm;upm; cef;rtwGif; jrnf[def;oGm;onf/ xdkYaemuf vufckyf
oHrsm;? tm;yg;w&atmf[pforH sm;/ ae&mu td[
k ikd ;f ,k;d jynfe,f?
Springfield NrdKU\ txufwef;ausmif; tm;upm;cef;rESpfck/
&ufpEJG iS t
hf csdeu
f 2012ckEpS f Ed0k ifbmv 2&uf? rGe;f vGJ 2 em&DcefY/
tonf;toef jyif;jyif;xefxef,SOfNydKif&rnfh 2012 tar&duef
orw a&G;aumufyGJusif;y&ef av;&uftvkd/ onfaeY? onf
tcsed ?f onfae&mwGif Swing State ac: tqk;H tjzwfay;Edik o
f nf[k
emrnfBuD;aeonfh tdk[dkif;,kd;odkY 'Drdku&ufygwDudk,fpm;jyK
vuf&Sdorw bm;&uf[lpdef tdkbm;rm;wpfa,muf rJqG,f
a[majymyGJ usif;yaejcif;jzpfonf/
]]wu,f h t ppf t rS e f tajymif ; tvJ u bmvJ q d k w m
uRefawmf aumif;aumif;odwmaygh/ tJ'Dtajymif;tvJtwGuf
uRefawmf wdkufyGJ0ifcJhw,f/ cifAsm;wdkYeJYtwlwl cifAsm;wdkYbuf
rSm wpfavQmufvkH; &yfwnfcJhw,f}} tdkbm;rm;\ pum;ptqkH;
wGif y&dowfu tkef;tkef;nHnH Mobmay;Muonf/
EdkifiHjcm;om;owif;orm;wpfa,muftjzpf tar&duef
jynfaxmifpkodkY orwa&G;aumufyGJowif;&,l&ef a&muf&Sdae
aom uRefawmfhtzdkY tdkbm;rm;\ rJqG,fpnf;kH;a&; a[majymyGJ
udk t&Sifvwfvwf yxrOD;qkH; wuf&? jrif&? Mum;&jcif;jzpf
onf/ cef;rtwGi;f a&muf&&dS ef tat;'D*&D 34 zm&if[u
kd cf efY
&Sdaeaom jyify&Sd at;pdrahf om avwjzL;jzL;atmufwiG f wpfem&D
ausmMf um wef;pDapmifq
h ikd ;f cJ&h onf/ onftawGUtBuKHu yxr
OD;qkH;awmhr[kwf/ NyD;cJhonfh t*FgaeYuvnf; a'wefwGif
&Dywfbvpfuef orwavmif; rpfwf&Gefrfae\ rJqG,fyGJudk
ESif;rdk;atmufwGif apmifhqdkif;cJhNyD;ayNyD/ xdkYaMumifh onfaeYapmifh
rufued ;f / a&G;aumufyrJG q
J ,
G u
f mv/ pum;ppfx;kd onfh tcdkuf
twefYwdkYwGifrl tjyeftvSefpGyfpGJwdkufcdkufMuonf/ odkYaomf
csufatmufxdk;aom wdkufuGufrygMu/ aumufuspfaomenf;
vrf;rokH;Mu/ wpfzufESifhwpfzuf tNyD;owfacsrIef;a&; rvkyf
Mu/ wwfEdkifoa&GU w&m;aom,SOfNydKifrIESifh kd;dk;om;om;,SOf
NydKifMuonf/
rd;k rom;,SONf ydKiv
f Qiv
f nf; rD',
D mrsm;aMumifh bl;ay:ovdk
ay:NyD; t&SufwuGJESifh EkwfxGufMu&onf/ txif&Sm;qkH;rSm
orwepfuqif\ 0g;wm;*dwfta&;tcif; jzpfonf/ emrnf
ausmf 0g&Siw
f efyYkdpf owif;pmBuD;\ pkpH rf;axmufvrS ;f azmfxw
k f
a&;om;rIaMumifh orwepfuqif &mxl;rS Ekwx
f u
G af y;cJ&h onf/
wm0efoad om rD',
D monf 'Dru
kd a&pDwnfwchH ikd Nf rJatmif apmifMh uyf
ay;onf/ oefY&Sif;aomtpdk;&? aumif;rGefaom tkyfcsKyfa&;pepf
yDjyifcidk rf ma&;udk taxmuftuljyKonf/ Edik if aH wmfEiS hf Edik if o
H m;
rsm;\ tajccHtcGit
hf a&;? &ydik cf iG rhf sm;ESihf trsKd;om;tusKd;pD;yGm;
udk umuG,fapmifha&Smufay;onf/ tar&duef rD'D,mrsm;onf
xdkwm0efudk xrf;aqmifcJhaMumif; ordkif;uoufaojycJhNyD;jzpf
onf/ ,ckvnf; tar&duefr'D ,
D mrsm;u tar&duefjynforl sm;
twGuf? tar&duefjynfaxmifpkBuD;wpfckvkH;twGuf wm0ef
xrf;aqmifaeqJyif/
orwavmif;rsm;onf a&G;aumufyGJNyD;onfESifh Edkifoludk
IH;olu av;av;pm;pm; vIdufvIdufvSJvSJ todtrSwfjyKonf/
tar&duefjynfaxmifpk wd;k wufBuD;yGm;a&;twGuf tjyeftvSef
ulnMD urnf? oabmxm;wlnaD om ta&;udpr sm;wGif aygif;vkyf
Murnf[k qdMk uonf/ oabmxm;BuD;jcif;? vlBuD;vlaumif;qef
jcif;? EdkifiHBuD;om;yDojcif;udk jyoMujcif;jzpfonf/ 'Drdkua&pD
\ tvSw&m;ygay/ onfvdkjzpfatmifvnf; ESpfaygif; okH;&m
ausmf avhusifhvmcJhonfudk;/
uRefawmfwdkYvma&muf tvkyfvkyfaeonfh a'oowif;
rD'D,m a'wefaeYpOfxkwfowif;pmESifh 0ufbfqdkufwGifrl
&Dywfbvpfueforwavmif; rpfwf&Gefrfae\ rJqG,faMumfjim
rsm;om awGU&onf/ tdb
k m;rm;\ aMumfjimudrk l WHIO-TV 7 wGif
om awGY&onf/ tcsufu Swing state jzpfaom tdk[dkif;,kd;
wGif xl;jcm;onf/ orwa&G;aumufyGJ apmifhMunfholrsm; pepf
wus apmifMh unfah vhvmxm;aom rD',
D mrsm;\ ppfwrf;rsm;t&
orwavmif;ESpOf ;D \ a&G;aumufyJG rJq,
G t
f ok;H p&dwf pkpak ygif;
a':vm 5.8 bDv,
D aH usmf &So
d nf[k od&onf/ aiGcif;avQmuf
&aom wefzdk;BuD; vrf;rBuD;ygay/ tar&duefjynfaxmifpk
ordik ;f wGif rJq,
G yf u
JG ek u
f sp&dwf tjrifrh m;qk;H orwa&G;aumuf
yGJBuD;ygay/ tar&duefjynfolrsm; ta&G;&tcufqkH; orw
avmif;ESpfOD;ygay/
uRefawmfwdkYwef;pDNyD; 45 rdepfausmfcefYwGif aumif;uifrS
&[wf,mOfwpfpif; 0Jysv
H monfuakd wGY&onf/ orw\ tJzYkpd 0f rf;
av,mOf qdkufa&mufaMumif; oauFw[k wef;pDaeolrsm;xHrS
xGuaf y:vmoHt& od&onf/ wef;pDaeaom vlwef;&SnBf uD;u
wa&GUa&GUESifhawmh a&SUwdk;aeonf/ orwtdkbm;rm;a&mufvm
csdeftxd uRefawmfwdkY txJra&mufao;/ orwcef;rtwGif;
0ifomG ;NyD; 10rdepfavmufMumrS uReaf wmfwYkd cef;rtwGi;f a&muf
onf/ uRefawmfwdkYaemufwGif y&dowfrsm;usefaeao;onf/
onfaeYvnf; uHq;kd ? uHaumif;ESihf BuK&H jyefonf/ uHaumif;
onfu tdb
k m;rm;rJq,
G yf u
JG kd vufawGUowif;,lciG ?hf tdb
k m;rm;
udk t&SifvwfvwfjrifcGifh&jcif;/ uHqdk;csifawmh aemufusonfh
twGuf vljynfhoGm;aom cef;rBuD;twGif; 0ifcGifhr&awmhbJ
kyfoHydwfum;rSwpfqifhMunfh&rnfh tcef;twGif;odkYom 0ifcGifh
&jcif;jzpfonf/ onftcsuu
f kd uReaf wmfoyd ef m;rvnf/ uReaf wmf
wdkYudk EdkifiHjcm;owif;orm;rsm;tjzpf orwa&G;aumufyGJudk
owif;vm,lcGifhjyKonf/ xdktwGuf EdkifiHwumowif;axmuf
rsm;pifwm ICFJ u wm0ef,pl pD Ofay;onf/ a'ocH owif;rD',
D m
ESifh qufoG,ftyfESHay;onf/ a'ocHrD'D,m owif;axmufESifh
twl rvdkuf&bJ tdkbm;rm;axmufcHol rJqE&Sif jynfolrsm;ESifh
twl wef;pD0if&onf/ owif;orm;u BudKwifa&mufaeESifhNyD;
owif;,lcGifh&zdkYvdkonf/ ,ckrl xdkodkYr[kwf/ uGsefawmfwdkYu
tar&dueforwudk tjyifwGif rjrifzl;onfh? rJqG,fpnf;kH;yGJudk
rjrifzl;onfh EdkifiHjcm;om;{nfhonfrsm;taeESifh oGm;MunfhkH
Munf?h em;axmifNyD; jyefc&hJ onf/ tdb
k m;rm;ESiahf omfvnf;aumif;?
olYrJqG,fpnf;kH;a&; wm0ef&Sdol wpfOD;OD;ESifhaomfvnf;aumif;?
a'ocH 'Dru
kd &ufygwD wm0ef&o
dS w
l pfO;D OD;ESiahf omfvnf;aumif;
w&m;0ifqufo,
G af r;jref;cGirhf &/ uReaf wmfwYkdtjzpfu abmvk;H yGJ
udk vufawGUrsujf rifMunfch siaf omaMumifh uGi;f twGi;f oGm;Munfh
ygrS ydwfum;axmifMunfh&onfhtcef;twGif;0ifum armhMunfh
NyD; tm;ay;cJhonfESifhwlaeonf/ tcsufu uRefawmfhpdwfudk
roufromjzpfaponf/ onftcsufukd ICFJ tpDtpOfwpfcv
k ;Hk
tay: qef;ppfokH;oyfcsufay;onfhtcg xnfhajym&rnf/
tdkbm;rm;onf olrJqG,fpum;ajymrnfh cef;rtwGif;
r0ifcif yxrOD;pGm uRefawmfwdkY&Sdaeaom ydwfum;axmifcef;r
twGi;f odYk t&if0ifvmNyD; y&dowfuEkd w
I q
f ufonf/ y&dowf\
tke;f tke;f uRufuRuf qlqn
l n
H H kwf w
k o
f o
J J EIwq
f ufMuaom
pmrsufESm-35 okdY
35
VOICE
The
vnf; tdb
k m;rm; pum;pwpfcjk ywfwikd ;f Mobmay;onf/ axmufcH
axmremjyKonf/ y&dowfrSm Springfield a'ocHtrsm;pktjyif
uRefawmfwdkYuJhodkY a'wefESifh tjcm;&GmeD;csKyfpyfu vmolrsm;
vnf;&Sdonf/
ajym&vQif tdb
k m;rm;acgif;aqmifaom tpd;k &onf tawmfBu;D
usqif;aeaom tar&duefpD;yGm;a&;ukd ukefcJhonfh av;ESpfwm
umvtwGif; jzpfjzpfajrmufajrmuf u,fwifxlrwfEdkifcJhjcif;r&Sd
[laom a0zefoHus,fus,favmifavmifjzifh &Dywfbvpfuef
ygwD orwavmif;jzpfol rpfw&f eG rf af eu tBuD;rm;qk;H pdeaf c:ol
jzpfvmonf/ tdb
k m;rm;vufxufwiG f bmrQ jzpfjzpfajrmufajrmuf
atmifjrifatmif rvkyEf ikd cf o
hJ nft
h jyif qk;H I;H rIrsm;ESio
hf m eyef;vk;H
aecJ&h onf[k if;wdYu
k a0zefonf/ tdb
k m;rm;bufurl olYvufxuf
wGif tvkyt
f udik t
f cGit
hf vrf;rsm; ydrk zkd efw;D ay;vmEkid jf cif;? tD&wf
ppfyGJrS tar&duefwyfrsm; kyfodrf;vdkufEdkifjcif;? tmz*efepwef
ppfyGJudk tqkH;owfEdkifcJhjcif;? tdkprmbifvm'ifudk taozrf;qD;
okwfoifEdkifcJhjcif;? tajccHvlwef;pm;rsm;twGuf usef;rma&;
tmrcHudpwdkY ajymum tar&duefjynfolrsm;twGuf vkyfp&m
tvkyfrsm;pGmusef&Sdaeao;aMumif; ajym rJqG,fpnf;kH;onf/
&Dywfbvpfuefrsm; pGyfpGJcsuftcsKdU rSefoifhoavmufrSefaomf
vnf; ,cifbGwf&Sftpdk;&\ aumif;arG? qdk;arGudk vufcH&onfh
tdb
k m;rm;tpd;k &taeESirhf l tar&duefjynforl sm;twGuf vkypf &m
rsm;pGmusef&Sdaeao;onf[kqdkonf/ txl;ojzifh bGwf&Sftpdk;&
vufxuf EdkifiHwumrsufESmpmwGif usqif;cJhonfh tar&duef
jynfaxmifp\
k *kPo
f u
d m udk av;ESpw
f mumvtwGi;f tawmfBuD;
jyefq,frEdkifcJhonf[k qdkEdkifonf/
xdkYaMumifh tar&duefjynfaxmifpk\ EdkifiHjcm;a&;ay:vpD
ESifh EdkifiHwumrsufESmpmwGif &Sdoifh&Sdxdkufonfh tar&du\
Oy"dkyfudk tav;xm;aom? us,fus,fjyefYjyefYpOf;pm;awG;ac:
Edik af om? urmBuD;\ tajymif;tvJukd &dypf m;rdaom tjzL? tndK?
t0g? trnf; aq;a&mifp?Hk bmompum;pk?H ,Ofaus;rIpHk rJqE&iS f
rsm;url tdkbm;rm;udk aemufxyf av;ESpfoufwrf;wdk;ay;&ef
toifh&SdaeMuonf/ jynfwGif;a&;ESifh rdrdwdkYta&;udp? rdrdwdkY
pD;yGm;a&;? BuD;yGm;a&;udkom t"dutmkHxm;Muonfh a&S;dk;pGJ
tar&duefvljzL trsm;pkurl &Dywfbvpfuef orwavmif;
rpfwf&Gefrfaeudk orwwm0efvTJajymif;ay;vdkMuonf/ odkYaomf
xdktjrifESpfck? tkyfpkESpfcku wpfzufESifhwpfzuf jywfjywfom;
om; tompD;&avmufonftxd tm;raumif;/ xdkYaMumifh
onfESpf? onfwpfBudrf ,SOfNydKifrIu tonf;toefjyif;xef
onf/ orwavmif;ESpfOD;pvkH; aemufqkH;&onfhtcsdef? &onfh
tcGifhta&;udk &Edkifoa&GUtokH;csum rJqG,fpnf;kH;Muonf/
txl;ojzifh swing state rsm;jzpfonfh tdk[dkif;,dk;? zavmf&D'g?
yifefq,faA;eD;,m;? Am*sD;eD;,m;jynfe,frsm;wGif a&G;aumufyGJ
aemufq;Hk &ufem;txd rJq,
G v
f yI &f mS ;Mu&onf/ xdjk ynfe,frsm;
xJwiG f uReaf wmfa&mufaeaom td[
k ikd ;f ,d;k u t"du tqk;H tjzwf
ay;rnfhjynfe,ftjzpf a&G;aumufyGJuRrf;usifolrsm;u BudKwif
a[mudef;xkwfxm;Muonf/ 2000jynfhESpf orwa&G;aumufyGJ
vdkyif/ rnfoltEdkif&rnfudk BudKwiftwyfajym&ef cufcJaom
aemufwpfBudrBf uKH&jcif;jzpfonf/ odYk aomf Edik if w
H umtodtjrif
&Sdol ynmwwftar&dueftcsKdUurl tdkbm;rm;udk tav;uJMu
NyD; olom aemufxyfoufwrf;av;ESpf xyf,loGm;EdkifaMumif;
cefYrSef;xm;Muonf/
tdkbm;rm;tpdk;&twGuf av;ESpfwmumvqdkonfrSm
rsupf w
d pfrw
dS t
f wGi;f ukeq
f ;Hk oGm;cJNh yD;jzpfonf/ aemufxyf av;ESpf
oufwrf; xyfrHxrf;aqmifcGifh&vQifrl olrvkyf&ao;onfrsm;?
ukecf o
hJ nfh av;ESpw
f mtwGi;f tm;enf;csu&f cdS o
hJ nfrsm;udk vkyf
aumif;vkyEf ikd ?f jyifqifaumif; jyifqifEikd af yvdrrhf nf/ xdYktwGuf
olYtm; aemufxyfav;ESpo
f ufwrf; xrf;aqmifciG ahf y; ray;udrk l
tar&duefjynforl sm;u qk;H jzwfayrnf/ tar&duonf urmay:
wGif vGwv
f yfus,af jymonfh awG;ac:rIukd tm;tay;qk;H ? wDxiG f
zefw;D rIukd tultyht
H jyKq;Hk ? rwlujJG ym;jcm;em;rIukd vuftcHqkH;
EdkifiHwpfckjzpfaomfjim; ,aeYtxd a&S;dk;pGJ tjzLrS tjzL?
bmoma&;rS bmoma&;? rdrd rdom;pk? rdrdNrdKUESifh rdrdaumifwD\
ta&;udpa vmufom pdw0f ifpm;onfh tar&duefrsm;vnf; tkEH iS hf
usif;ESihf &Sad eao;onf/ olwYkd onfum; tar&duefjynfaxmifpk
ukd tar&duefrsm;twGufom wpdkufrwfrwf tvkyfvkyfay;Edkif
rnfh tar&duefvljzLwpfa,mufudkom orwtjzpf jrifvdkMu
onf/ olwdkYpdwfoEmefwGif tar&duefvljzLwpfa,mufuom
tar&duefppfppfuJhodkY awG;ac:? pOf;pm;? tvkyfvkyfEdkifrnf[k
xifrSwfxm;Muonf/ aemufrS a&TUajymif;0ifa&mufvmaom
tmz&duefvrl nf;rsm;? [pfpyf efepf vmwDErkd sm;? tm&Som;rsm;udk
rodpdwfu vkdvm;ESpfoufjcif;r&SdMu/ olwdkY\ tvkyftudkif
tcGit
hf vrf;rsm;udk aemufrS a&mufvmol? vlopfrsm;u vk,al e
Muonf[k cHpm;aeMuonf/ odkYaomf olwdkY\ bdk;bGm;rsm;onf
vnf; a&TUajymif;0ifa&mufvmolrsm;jzpfonf qdkaomtcsufudk
awmh arhavsmah eMuonf/ tar&duonf pifppftm;jzifh urmvk;H
qdik &f m a&TUajymif;aexdik o
f rl sm;\ Edik if aH wmfBuD;jzpfonfqo
kd nf
udk ordkif;udkavhvmMunfhvQif txift&Sm; awGU&rnfjzpfonf/
trSefpifppf a'ocH &uftif'D;,ef;rsm;uom tar&duefEdkifiH
om;ppfppfrsm;jzpfMuonf/
xdt
k rsK;d tpm; ykpH u
H s Typical tar&duefrsm;ESiyhf wfouf
Cox Media Group a'wefaeYpOfxkwfowif;pm\ 'gdkufwm
wpfO;D jzpfol aumfeyD Ykdp\
f rSwcf surf mS pdw0f ifpm;p&maumif;onf/
pdwfcHpm;rIESifh qufET,fonf/ usKd;aMumif;qDavsmfonf/
,xmblwusonf/ a&SUaemufudkufnDrI&Sdonf/
]]t"du uawmh aMumufpdwfygyJ/ olwdkYaMumufaew,f
av/ olwdkYtvkyfawG? tcGifhta&;awG? pD;yGm;a&;awG? ydkifqdkifrI
awG qkH;IH;rSm aMumufaeMuw,f/ 'DaMumufpdwfudk wif;usyfwJh
tifrwefa&S;d;k pGJ bmoma&;udik ;f Iid ;f rIeYJ wGv
J u
kd af wmh us,u
f s,f
jyefYjyefY rjrifEdkifawmhbl;aygh/ urmBuD;ylaEG;vmwmrsKd;u
vlom;awGaMumifhqdkwm olwdkYvufrcHbl;av}}
aumfeDydkYpf\ rSwfcsufrSm a&S;dk;pGJ tar&duefrsm;pdkufudk
uGif;uGif;uGufuGuf xif[yfonf/ 2006 ckESpfu uRefawmf
yxrwpfacguf a&mufpOfuvnf; aumfeDydkYpfajymaom a&S;dk;pGJ
ykpH u
H s tar&dueftcsKUd ESihf qkcH ?hJ awGYczhJ ;l onf/ uReaf wmfwYkduom
tar&dutaMumif; odMuonf/ tar&dueftrsm;pkum; jyify
urmtaMumif; odypf w
d 0f ifpm;rIr&SMd u/ jynfe,fwikd ;f wGif a'ocH
rD'D,mrsm;&Sdonf/ xdkjynfe,frsm;&Sd a'ocHrD'D,mrsm;udk CNN
ESihf tjcm;emrnfausmf owif;rD',
D mrsm; wd;k rayguf/ taMumif;u
a'ocHrsm;onf olwdkYtaMumif;ESifh olwdkYa'otaMumif;om
pdwf0ifpm;aomaMumifhyif/ urmvkH;qkdif&m jzpfysufrIrsm;udk
tar&duESihf rqufpyfvQif vk;H vk;H pdwrf 0ifpm;/ tar&dueforw
avmif;a&G;aumufyGJwdkif;? 'Drkdu&ufygwDESifh &Dywfbvpfuef
ygwD\ txufvw
T af wmf? atmufvw
T af wmf trwfrsm;a&G;cs,f
onft
h cgwdik ;f tar&duefjynfaxmifpk ajrykw
H iG f jrifawGU&onfh
teDa&mifaq;jc,fxm;aom jynfe,frsm;rSm xdt
k rsK;d pm; tar&duef
trsm;pkaexkdifaom a'orsm;jzpfonf/ &Gefrfaeudk rJay;a&G;cs,f
onfh tar&dueftcsKdUudk uRefawmf ar;Munfhrdonfhtcgwdkif;
olwYkad jzMuonfu olwYkb
d 0? olwYkt
d vkyt
f udik ?f olwYkt
d cGet
f wkyf
udpESifhom qufET,faeonf/ ykHrSefvlom;? vlYobm0tm;jzifh
vlqo
kd nfrmS rdrEd iS hf rdryd wf0ef;usiu
f o
kd m pdw0f ifpm;wwfjcif;rSm
rxl;qef;vSay/ odkYaomf 18 &mpk? 19 &mpkr[kwfaom ,aeY
21 &mpkwiG f xkrd Qavmuf tjrifjzifh urmolurmom;tjzpfc,
H &l ef
rvkHavmufawmh/ txl;ojzifh tar&duuJhodkY urmhtiftm;BuD;
EdkifiHwpfckrS EdkifiHBuD;om;rsm;twGuf xkdrQavmufjzifh rvkH
avmuf/ urmBuD;wpfckvkH;twGuf awG;ac:? ajrmfjrifpOf;pm;Ekdif
ol? tom;ta&mifra&G;? tqifhtwef;ra&G;? Zmwdyknra&G;?
bmomvlrsK;d ra&G; vlom;vlYabmifavmu wpfcv
k ;Hk udk xnfo
h iG ;f
pOf;pm;Ekdifol? NcKHikHokH;oyfEdkifol acgif;aqmifaumif;wpfa,muf
udk a&G;cs,fEdkifonfh qkH;jzwfcsufcsEdkifolrsm; jzpf&efvdktyfvm
onf/ xdkodkYjzpfap&efvnf; tajctaetm;vkH;ESifh urmBuD;\
tajymif;tvJrsm;u aphaqmfay;aeonf/ xl;jcm;onfu
tar&duonf xdkuJhodkY ykHpHusa&S;dk;pGJ tar&duefrsm;ESifh tajrmf
tjrif&Sdaom pOf;pm;qifjcifEkdifpGrf;&nfjrifhrm;onfh ynmwwf
tar&duefrsm; tcsKd;usus aygif;pyfxm;jcif;jzpfonf/
tar&duqdkonfrSm ukefcJhonfh ESpfaygif; 200 avmufu
yif urmt&yf&yfrS vGwv
f yfru
I kd jrwfE;kd olrsm;? vlawmfrsm; vma&muf
pka0;aexdkifaomEdkifiHvnf;jzpfaeonf/ a&S;dk;pGJrsm;csnf;om
qdv
k Qif tdb
k m;rm;uJo
h Ykdacgif;aqmifrsK;d xGuaf y:vmp&mtaMumif;
r&Sad y/ tcsed u
f mv[lonf tNrJa&SUoYo
kd moGm;ae\/ a&SUodYkomG ;
aeaomtcsdefESifhtwl vlom;wdkY\ todPfonfvnf;ajymif;
ae\/ wjznf;jznf; zGUH NzdK;wd;k wufae\/ tjrifusO;f ajrmif;rIwdkY
wjznf;jznf;enf;vm\/ urmMunfh Munfjh rifvmEdik o
f nfEiS t
hf rQ
orwuJo
h Ykdaom &mxl;rsK;d udk a&TUajymif;aexdik o
f l 'kw,
d rsK;d quf
tmz&duef-tar&duefwpfa,mufudk ,kH,kHMunfMunf cefYtyf
aom Ekid if rH sK;d ygay/ xGe;f opfp? 'Dru
kd a&pDtoGiaf jymif;p uReaf wmf
wdkYtzdkY twk,lp&m? oifcef;pm,lp&maumif;onf/ ,ckuJhodkY
a&G;aumufyGJrsKd;udkyifMunfh/ orwudk teD;uyfjrifzl;csifaom
aMumifh eHeufav;em&Dcu
JG yif xNyD; a&SUqk;H rS wef;pDapmifq
h ikd ;f Mu
onfh y&dowfrsm;udk orwtdb
k m;rm;u aemufoufwrf;twGuf
arwm&yfcHonf/
]]av;&ufwnf;yg Springfield...? av;&ufwnf;yJ..?
aemufxyfav;ESpt
f wGuf av;&ufav;yJvakd wmhw,f/ 'Dav;&uf
twGif;rSm cifAsm;wdkY qkH;jzwfa&G;cs,fwm wpfckck&NyD;NyD}} [k
tdkbm;rm;uqdkonf/ xkdYaemuf y&dowftm; ]]cifAsm;wdkYudk
bk&m;ocif aumif;csD;ay;ygap...? tar&duudk bk&m;ocif
aumif;csD;ay;ygap...}} [laom qkawmif;pum;jzifh olYrdefYcGef;udk
tqk;H owfvu
kd o
f nf/ xdYkaemuf olvufvrS ;f rDoavmuf y&dowf
rsm;udk vufqEJG Iwfqufum cef;rtwGif;rS jyefxGufoGm;onf/
tdb
k m;rm;rJq,
G yf o
JG nfum; ydwu
f m;ay:wGif ky&f iS Mf unfh
ovdkMunfhum NyD;pD;oGm;ayNyD/
cef;rtwGif;&Sd y&dowftcsKdUu ]a&SUodkY Forward } qdkaom
rJqG,fa<u;aMumfoH qkdif;bkwfuav;rsm;udk udkifajrmuf
]]four more years four more years..? aemufxyfav;ESpf...
aemufxyfav;ESpf...}}[k atmf[pftm;ay;aeMuqJ.../
ausmfrif;aqG
36
The
VOICE
pD;qif;aeaom {&m0wD
odef;pdefxGef;
(60) jynfh pdef&wktxdrf;trSwfxkwfa0aom 2012 ckESpf? Ekd0ifbmv jr0wDr*Zif;wGif odef;pdefxGef;qdkaom uavmiftrnfjzifha&;om;xm;aom EdkifiHawmforwBuD;OD;odef;pdef\vuf&m
0wKwdkwpfyk'fazmfjyxm;onfudkawGU&ojzifh The Voice Weekly pmzwfy&dowfrsm; avhvmzwfIEdkifap&ef jr0wDpmwnf;tzGJUxHrScGifhjyKcsuf&,lum jyefvnfazmfjytyfygonf/ (t,f'Dwm)
ppfaq;Hkum;*dwfodkY trSwf
(9) um; xd;k &yfvu
kd cf sed w
f iG f nae 3
em&D? 45 rdepfom&Sdao;onf/ vlem
awGUcsdefonf nae 4 em&DrS 6 em&D
txdjzpf 15 rdepfapmifh&ayOD;rnf/
trSwf (2) *dwaf yguf0&Sd tkwcf w
kH ef;
ay:wGifxdkif&if; axmufMuefYum;
*dwfu 0,fvmcJhonfh 35 jym;wef
'l;,m;pD;u&ufwpfvyd u
f kd tust
w
d f
uyftwGif;rS qGJxkwfvdkufonf/ rD;
n&d eftwGuf ab; b,f? nmodYkvrS ;f
MunfhvdkufonfwGif tkwfcHktpGef;
aq;vdyfxdkifaomufaeonfh OD;BuD;
wpfO;D udak wGU teD;odYk wd;k uyfvu
kd f
rdonf/
]]OD;av; ... rD;wpfwdkYavmuf
aemf}}
OD;av;BuD;urf;ay;onfh rD;
w&J&JESifh aq;vdyfudkvSrf;,lum
rD;n&d if; OD;av;BuD;udk tuJcwfovdk
uRefawmfMunfhvdkufrdonf/ tom;
ndKndK? ud,
k v
f ;kH ud,
k x
f nfww
k w
f w
k f
cdik cf ikd Ef iS hf acgif;wH;k qHawmufukd wdw
k kd
nyx
f m;onf/ OD;av;BuD;\yHo
k Pmef
ud k j rif v d k u f u wnf ; u ppf o nf
a[mif;BuD;wpfO;D jzpfaMumif; uReaf wmf
tuJcwfrdonf/ aooyfpGm0wfqif
xm;onfh yifew
D u
kd yf \
kH nmbuftw
d f
uyfxufwiG f wyfqifxm;aom t0g?
teD? tpdrf; oHk;a&mifjc,fuwDyg
twH;k uav;xufrS wzsyzf syaf wmuf
aeonfh aiGMu,fjzLuav;oHk;yGifhudk
vSrf;jrifvdkuf&onfESifh xdkOD;av;
BuD;udk uRefawmfpdwf0ifpm;oGm;rd
onf/
]]OD;av;u armfuGef;0if yxr
qifhaemf}}
OD ; av;BuD ; onf uRef a wmf
urf;ay;onfh aq;vdyu
f v
kd rS ;f ,l&if;
uRefawmfhrsufESmudkarmhMunfhum
azmfa&GpGm wpfcsufNyHK;vdkufonf/
]][kwfw,fuGJU ighwl&JU? ighwl
u wyfxJuyJvm;}}
]][kwu
f hJ uRefawmf wyfr ( -)
XmecsKyf u yg/ uRef a wmf h e mrnf
AdkvfatmifEdkifyg}}
uRef a wmf h u d k , f uRef a wmf
rdwfquf&if; xdkOD;av;BuD;tem;rSm
yif xdkifvdkufonf/
]]aMomf - AdkvfBuD;u wyfr(-)
uudk;? OD;emrnfu atmifxGef;uGJU}}
]][kwu
f OhJ ;D av;? od&wm0rf;om
ygw,f}}
bwfpu
f m;udk wd;k a0SYp;D &ojzifh
pdwfusOf;usyfvmcJhoavmuf tkwfcHk
ay:wGif vGwfvGwfvyfvyfxdkifNyD;
pD;u&ufudk tm;&yg;& zGmdIufvdkuf
&onfhtcgwGif uRefawmfhpdwfonf
ayghyg;vef;qef;vmonf/ vGwf
vyfjcif;? us,fjyefYjcif;\ t&omudk
uRefawmfcHpm;ae&onf/
]]'geJY OD;av;u b,fwyfuvJ
[if? tckaum wyfxJrSmyJvm;}}
OD;av;BuD;onf aq;vdyfaiGU
rsm;udk rIwfxkwfvdkuf&if; &Da0aom
rsufvHk;rsm;jzifh ta0;odkYai;pdkuf
Munfhvdkufonf/
b,fajcaxmufESifh tkwfcHkab;wGif
vSJcsxm;aom csKdif;axmufudk ,ckrS
yif uRefawmfowdxm;vdkufrdonf/
eD n d K a&mif opf o m;ajcwk B uD ; ud k
Munfh&if; uRefawmfh&ifxJwGif eifhceJ
cHpm;vdkuf&onf/
]]OD;av; tckvlemvmMunfh
wmvm;}}
]][kwfw,fAdkvfBuD;}}
]]'gjzifh aq;Hx
k 0J ifMu&atmif?
*dww
f cH g;zGiahf eNyD? OD;av;udk uReaf wmf
jznf;jznf;wGJac:r,f}}
]]&ygw,fAdkvfBuD;&,f? rvdkyg
bl;uG,f}}
OD;av;BuD;onf ajymajymqdq
k kd
ESifh tkwfcHkeHab;wGif vSJcsxm;onfh
csKdif;axmufudk ukef;aumuf&if;
csKid ;f axmuftuljzifh xdik &f mrSxvdu
k f
onf/ ESpfa,mufom; aq;Hk0if;
twGi;f odYk wpfvrS ;f csi;f 0ifvmMuonf/
]]OD;av;wdYkom;tz uHraumif;
Mubl;uG,f}}
]]Asm OD;av;wdkYom;tz [kwf
vm;}}
]][kww
f ,fAv
kd Bf uD;? tck OD;av;
om;BuD;vnf; 'Pf&m&NyD; raeYuyJ
'Daq;Hu
k kd a&mufvmw,fqv
kd Ykd olYukd
OD;av;vmawGUwm}}
]]jzpfrSjzpf&av OD;av;&,f?
'Dvjkd zpf&wmudk uReaf wmfpw
d rf aumif;
ygbl;/ uRefawmfwdkYvnf; ppfom;
qdak wmh ud,
k cf si;f pmrdygw,f OD;av;/
uRef a wmf v nf ; oif w ef ;wuf zd k Y
twGuf raeYurS a&SUwef;XmecsKyfu
jyefvmw,f/ uRefawmf XmecsKyfudk
ra&mufcif ajcvsifwyfrmS aewke;f u
uRefawmfhwynfhwpfa,mufvnf;
a&SUwef;rSm 'Pf&m&NyD; 'Daq;Hkudk
a&mufvmw,fqdkvdkY uRefawmfvm
awGUwm? ppfyGJqdkawmhvnf; aoewf
cwMu?
awG? AkAHk;awGeJYypfpMu?
Mu? cwf
Mu? wk
wdkuf
pl;prf;ovdk armhMunfhvdkufonf/
]]AdkvfBuD; 'Daumifhudk odw,f
aemf}}
]]jrcifa,musfm; armifarmif
vm;}}[k uReaf wmfxyfar;vdu
k rf o
d nf/
]][kww
f ,fuUJG ? jrcifa,musmf ;
armifarmif}}
___
]]AdkvfBuD;}}
]]bmwkH;uG? rif;bmvmIyfOD;
rvdkYvJ}}
wdkufyGJwpfyGJtwGuf ajryHkay:
wGif vrf;aMumif;oHk;oyfa&G;cs,f
vsuf&SdpOf uRefawmfhudk ac:vdkufo
jzifh uRefawmf pdwfwdkoGm;rdonf/
armifarmifhtusifhudk uRefawmfodNyD;
jzpfonf/ &efolESifh wdkufyGJ0if&ef
jyifqifNyDqdkvQif armifarmifwpf
a,muf tljrL;aewwfonf/ &Jabmf
awGudk ponf? aemufonf? ajymif
onf/ wyfpkwyfMuyfBuD;vnf; rae
&? uRef a wmf h u d k y if cspf c if p G m
av;av;pm;pm;ajymavh q d k a vh & S d
onf/ olYtusifhudkodxm;NyD;jzpf
olYudkvSrf;ar;vdkuf&onf/
]]'Dppfqifa&;NyD;&if jrcifudk
awmif;ay;aemfAdkvfBuD;}}
uRefawmfwdkYwyfpk a&tdk;pif
&Gmuav; wm0efusonfrSm ESpfv
cefYom&Sdao;onf/ &Gmv,faps;qdkif
rS jrcifudk armifarmifwpfa,muf
rsuf p d u saeayNyD / jrcif u vnf ;
rsufpdusavmufp&myif/ rvSaomf
vnf; tom;ndKpdrfhpdrfh? udk,fvHk;
udk,fxnfawmifhawmifhwif;wif;?
rsuf v H k ; rsuf c H k ; aumif ; aumif ; ?
ESmwHay:ay:ESifh MunfhvdkYaumif;
onf / aps;onf y D y D E I w f c sKd o nf ?
azmfa&Gonf/ xdkYaMumifhyif jrcif\
aps;qdkif 0,folrpJ woJoJESifh
tNrJvdkyif pnfum;aeavh&Sdonf/
wyfpktwGif; aps;0,fonfh t0,f
awmf&mxl;ESiyhf wfoufNyD; rMumcP
jyemjzpf&onf/ aps;0,fvTwf
Muawmh r nf q d k v Qif ol o G m ;rnf ?
igoGm;rnfEiS hf tvkt,uf/ xdt
k xJ
wGif armifarmifwpfa,muf tuJ
qH k ; jzpf o nf / jrcif q d k i f r S m om
aps;0,f&rnfqdkvQif armifarmif
wpfa,mufujzifh rdk;oJoJrJrJ&Gmae
vQifvnf; oGm;onf/ aecspfcspf
awmufylaevQifvnf; oGm;onf/
jrcifaps;qdkifteD;wGif rnfodkYaom
jyem&Sdaeapumrl armifarmif
wpfa,muf *krxm;? oGm;rnfom
yifjzpfonf/
]]rif;[mu [kwfaum[kwf&JU
vm; armifarmif&,f? aumifrav;u
rifhudk BudKufvdkYvm;}}
]]aocsmygw,f AdkvfBuD;&JU?
raeYuav uRefawmfeJY&GmxdyfrSm
a&cyfae&if;awGUawmh olYrsufESm
wpfckvHk; NyHK;aewmyJ? rsufvHk;awG
uvnf; ta&mifwzswfzswfawmuf
vdkY? NyD;awmh ...}}
]]awmfprf;yguGm armifarmif
&m? rif;udkawGUawGUcsif; NyHK;rjyvdkY
rJhjy&rSmvm;? olrsm;om;orD;udk
awmif;w,fqdkwmu ESpfOD;ESpfzuf
ausauseyfeyf&SdrSuG}}
armif a rmif r suf E S m wpf c suf
ysufoGm;onf/
]]jrcifom acG;uav;? aMumif
uav;qd k & if od y f a umif ; rS m yJ ?
AdkvfBuD;udkawmif oGm;rawmif;cdkif;
bl;/ wdwfwdwfuav; ac:vmNyD;
oGm;av&m ausmydk;tdwfxJ xnfh
vG,fxm;rSm? tckawmh vlruav;
jzpfaevdkYomaygh/}}
]]a[haumif ... aomufl;?
awmfprf;uGm}}
]]AdkvfBuD; ... awmif;ay;aemf?
ppfqifa&;rSm uRefawmfwm0efaus
atmif tpG r f ; uk e f B ud K ;pm;r,f ?
ppf q if a &;wm0ef N yD ; &if a wmh
awmif;ay;ygAdkvfBuD;&m}}
uRefawmf 'Daumifhudk pdwfr
&SnfEdkifawmhojzifh rsufESmwnfwnf
xm;NyD; a[mufypfvdkuf&onf/
]]armifarmif rif; ... jrcifudk
pd w f 0 if p m;wmvm;? wm0ef u d k
pdwf0ifpm;wmvm; ajymprf; ...}}
armifarmif acgif;ikHYoGm;onf/
twefMumrS ...
]]uRef a wmf e m;vnf y gw,f
Ad k v f B uD ; ? uRef a wmf h & J U wm0ef [ m
bmvJqdkwm uRefawmfodygw,f}}
]]od & uf o m;eJ Y bmjzpf v d k Y
tcspfa&;udk pOf;pm;ae&wmvJ}}
]]uRefawmf jrcifudk wu,f
pdwf0ifpm;aevdkYyg AdkvfBuD;}}
]]vmjyef N yD 'D j rcif ? oG m ;
q&mBuD ; ausmf j rud k oG m ;ajym/
aemufxyfq,fhig;rdepfMum&if wdkY
wyfpkwpfpkvHk;xGufr,fvdkY? rif;
vnf; toifhjyifawmh? oGm;awmh ...}}
]][kwfuJh AdkvfBuD;}}
tav;jyKum vSnfhxGufoGm;
aom armifarmifah usmjyifukd ai;pdu
k f
Munfh&if; uRefawmfusef&pfcJhonf/
ZGwfw&Gwfvkyfwwfaom uRefawmfh
wynf h a usmf armif a rmif a Mumif h
uRefawmfwpfa,muf rMumcPpdwf
yl&onf/ aMumifMh u&onf/ pdwn
f pf
&onf r S m rsm;ayNyD / ,ck v nf ;
rMumcif ppfqifa&;wm0efwpf&yf
qifE&JT awmhrnf/ jrcifukd pdw0f ifpm;
pOf wm0ef u d k a rh a ewwf o nf h
armifarmifhtwGuf uRefawmfh&ifrSm
yl&onf/
va&mifxGufjyLpjyKonfESifh
uRefawmfwdkY pwifcsDwufMuonf/
rI e f r T m ;rT m ;va&mif a tmuf w G i f
vrf ; ES i f h & G m rsm;ud k uG i f ; a&S m if N yD ;
awmwdk;csDwufMu&ojzifh acR;oD;
acR;aygufwdkY pdk&TJ aeonf/ ajr0yf
iSufwdkY kwfw&uf xysHMuonf/
rjrifrprf;ESifhrdkY cvkwfwdkufNyD; vJol
vJ? acsmufxJjyKwfusol jyKwfus?
awmif u sacsmif ; uav;rsm;ud k
jzwful;csdefwGif a&pD;ESifharsmygol
arsmygESifh tcuftcJtrsKd;rsKd;jzwf
pmrsufESm-37 okdY
37
VOICE
The
toD;oD;wGif yg0ifwkdufckdufcJhonf/
yifukduyif ol&owd&Sdaom armif
armifonf if;\wyf&if;ESihf twl
wuGyif &efolUpcef;rsm;ukd wpfckNyD;
wpfco
k rd ;f yku
d f &&Scd o
hJ nf/ 'kw,
d wyf
Muyftqifrh S wyfMuyftqif?h wyfMuyf
tqifrh S wyfMuyfBuD;tqifo
h Ydk ppfqif
a&;twGif;yif ppfajrjyiftqihf wkd;
jrifhjcif; cHcJh&onf/
Ayursm; tvkH;t&if;ESihf ckcH
aeaom yGdKifhawmifukef;onf armif
armifwkdY wyf&if;\ aemufqkH;&nf
rSe;f csufjzpfonf/ xkad wmifuek ;f xdyf
&Sd &efot
l m; teD;uyfum wufa&muf
vSpH yG x
f d;k wkdufyGJqifETJaepOf &efolY
rkdif;wpfvkH; eif;rd armifarmif wpf
a,muf avSavSmf&if; wufusKd;oGm;
cJh&ayonf/
csKdif;axmufBuD; wum;um;
ESifh wa&GUa&GUoGm;aeaom armfuGef;
0ifOD;av;BuD;ukd tomwGJ&if; cGJpdwf
aqmiftwGif;okdY uRefawmfwkdY0ifvm
cJMh uonf/ tpdr;f a&mifEiS fh tjzLa&mif
0wfqifxm;aom cGpJ w
d af qmif wm0ef
cH q&mrav;nTejf yonft
h wkid ;f armif
armifh tcef;qDoYdk uReaf wmfwYdk avQmuf
vSrf;vmMuonf/
wkdif;jynfwGif rdrdwkdY\ ukd,f
cEmukd pGefYvTwf&JMuaom ppfaq;kH
twGif;wGif awGUjrifMu&onfh ol&J
aumif;ppfonfrsm;twGuf uReaf wmf
uk,
d w
f idk pf pfom;wpfa,muf taejzihf
&ifxw
J iG f 0rf;enf;0rf;omjzpfaerdonf/
roefpGrf; ppfonfuav;rsm;
ukMd unf&h if; uReaf wmfeh aH b;&Sd OD;av;
BuD;ukd owd&umiJah pmif;Munfv
h u
dk f
rdonf/ OD;av;BuD;\ rsufvkH;tpkH
onf Murf;jyifqDokdY pl;pl;&J&J pkduf
Munhaf eNyD; ar;aMumBuD;rsm; wif;ae
atmif tHukd Budwfxm;onf/ uRef
awmfh&ifxJ rnfokdYcHpm;&onfukd
xkd;azmufjrifonfhES,f/
]]OD;awmh 0rf;renf;bl;? ppfom;
wpfa,muftaeeJY tckvkd pGefYvTwf&J
wmukd *kPf,lw,f/ ukd,fhwkdif;jynf
vGwfvyfa&;ukd t"GefY&Snfatmif
umuG,f&rSm OD;wkdY? AkdvfBuD;wkdY&JU
arG;&myg wm0efyJ? awmuf- OD;ajc
axmufomaumif;&if 'D&Jabmfav;
awGeJY wGJNyD; &efolukd wkdufvkdufcsif
ao;w,f}}
ppfom;BuD;\ oHrPdpw
d "f mwf
ukd Mum;odvu
dk o
f jzihf uReaf wmfh wpf
ukd,fvkH; MuufoD;arG;nif;rsm;yif
xoGm;rdonf/
]]awmfygawmh OD;av;&,f? wkid ;f
jynftwGuf OD;av;tzkYd wm0efausyeG f
vGe;f vSygNyD/ 'Dwm0efawGukd uRef
awmfwkdY? armifarmifwkdY wpfawG yckH;
vTJajymif;xrf;aqmifaeMuygw,f/}}
pum;wajymajymESihf avQmuf
vSrf;vmMu&m armifarmifhtcef;0okdY
a&mufonfwiG f uReaf wmfajcvSr;f rsm;
wkHYceJ &yfwefYoGm;onf/
jrcif.../ aocsmygonf/ jrcifrS
jrciftppf/ rawGU&onfrmS av;? ig;?
q,fEpS Mf umonfw
h idk f tom;nKdnKd?
ukd,fvkH;ukd,fxnf awmifhawmif?
rsufvkH;rsufckH;aumif;aumif;ESihf
jrcifukd uRefawmfaumif;aumif;
rSwfrdonf/ rSejf ywif;rS xk;d azmuf
0ifa&mufaeonfh 0ifvkqJaejcnf
azsmhazsmh atmufwiG f jrcif\ rsuEf mS
onf NyK;H aeonf/
okdYaomf 0if;vufawmufyae
onfh jrcif\ rsufvkH;tpkHwGif rsuf
&nfMunfwYdk &pf0idk ;f okid ;f zGUJ vsuf&adS e
onf/
jrcifwpfa,muf NyKH;aeonf
vm;? ikdaeonfvm; uRefawmf cGJjcm;
r&/ olUtNyKH;wGif rsuf&nfpawGESihf/
]]tpfukd ...tpfukd bmrS tm;
ri,feJYaemf? jrciftpfukdYab;em;rSm
&dSaew,fav}}
jrciftoHonf wkefcgvsuf&Sd
NyD; vIdufvSJaMuuGJzG,f aumif;ae
onf/ jrcif\vuftpkHonf armif
armif\ wpfzufwnf;om use&f adS om
nmvuf;Hk ukd wif;wif;usyfusyfqyk f
ukdifxm;&if; wqwfqwfwkefae
onf/
]]jrcifav ynmrwwfayr,fh
aps;awmh a&mif;wwfygw,f/ aps;
a&mif;NyD; tpfuYdk udk jrcif&mS auR;r,f?
tpfukd bmrS tm;ri,feJYaemf}}
cspfcifyGef;ukd tm;ay;pum;
ajymMum;&if; jrcif&ifwGif;rS IdufoH
oJhoJhwkdYonf wpfcsuf wpfcsufwGif
wkd;wkd;nif;nif; xGufvmonf/
jrcif\ rsuf0ef;tpkHrS yg;jyif
xufokdY wvdrfhvdrfhusqif;vmonfh
rsuf&nfylrsm;ukd ,rf;ckd;kdufxm;
ojzihf rsufvkH;ESpfzufpvkH; ywfwD;
pnf;xm;aom armifarmifwpfa,muf
rjrif& awmfao;onf/
]]jrcif tm;ri,feJYuGm? tpfukdY
rSm ajcwpfzufeJY vufwpfzufr&Sd
awmhayr,fh ajcwpfzufeYJ vufwpfzuf
useaf eao;wmyJ? wkid ;f jynfwm0efudk
us&mtcef;u tpfukdxrf;aqmif
Ekdifygao;w,fuGm}}
jrcifxHrS IdufoHwpfcsuf odrfh
ceJ xGufvmonf/
]]jrcif rif;ikdaewmvm;[if}}
jrcifwpfa,muf rsuf&nfrsm;
ukd uref;uwef;okwNf y;D NyK;H vku
d o
f nf/
]]ridkygbl;tpfukd&,f? jrcifridk
ygbl;? jrcif bmjzpfvkdY ikd&rSmvJ?
tpfukdYtwGuf jrcif*kPf,lvkdY rqkH;
ygbl;tpfudk&,f/ q,fESpfq,frdk;
udk,fusKd;pGefYNyD; wkdif;jynfwm0efudk
ausausyGefyGefxrf;&GufcJhwJh tpfudkY
vd k ppf o m;aumif ; wpf a ,muf & J U
rdef;rjzpf&wmudkyJ *kPf,lvdkYrqHk;yg
bl; tpfudk}}
]]jrcif ...}}
]]ajymygtpfudk? jrciftem;rSm
&Sdygw,f}}
]]tpfudkYom;BuD;aum ygvm;
[if ...}}
]]ygvmygw,f tpfudk? tpfudkY
ckwifeHab;u cHkay:rSm xkdifaeyg
w,f}}
]]tpfudkYom;BuD;udk ckwifay:
wifay;prf;yg}}
]][kwfuJh tpfudk}}
wpfzufwnf;om usef&Sdaom
vufjzifh om;i,fudkwif;wif;usyf
usyfayGUzuf&if;rS ...
]]om;BuD;}}
]]Asm ayay}}
]]ighom;BuD;vm&if bmvkyfr
vJ[if - om;}}
om;i,fonf rdcif\rsufESm
ud k orif v nf j yef jyef M unh f u m
twefMum pOf;pm;aeojzifh jrcif
u0ifa&muftm;ay;vkdufonf/
]]om;BuD; - ajymvkdufav?
azazBuD;ar;aewmajzvdkuf}}
]]ayayhvdk Mupfwm;BuD;vkyf
r,f}}
]]'grSazazhom;BuD;uG/ zath
wm0efudk ycHk;ajymif;,lr,fh om;BuD;
a[h}}
0rf;om;t,fvaJ tmfvu
dk af om
armifarmif\toHonf tcef;wGi;f rS
wk e f c g tcef ; 0wG i f & yf a eaom
uReaf wmhx
f o
H Ykd ysUH vGix
hf u
G v
f monf/
uRefawmfh&ifwGif;odkY dkufcwfpdrfh0if
oGm;onf/
armifarmif\ wkid ;f cspfjynfcspf
pdwo
f nf uReaf wmf&h ifwiG ;f odYkomru
w&m;aomppfudkqifETJaeMuaom
jynfolwpf&yfvHk;\ tonf;ESvHk;
twGif;odkYwkdif xkd;azmuf0ifa&muf
oGm;ayrnfrSmrkcs/
]]at;yg ... ighom;[m ppfom;
aumif;wpfa,mufjzpfovdk ighajr;
[mvnf; ppfom;yJjzpf&r,f? tdkuGm
wdkYwpfrsKd;vHk;[m wdkYwkdif;jynfum
uG,fapmihfa&SmufzdkY twGuf ppfom;
awGyJjzpf&r,fa[h}}
csKdi;f axmufBuD;wum;um;ESifh
ausauseyfeyfBuD; BuHK;0g;um armif
armifhtcef;wGif;odkY vSrf;0ifoGm;
aom ppfom;tdBk uD;\ us,jf yefYaom
ausmjyifudkMunhf&if tcef;0wGif
uRefawmfwpfa,mufwnf;&yfvsuf
ai;idkifum usef&pfcJhonf/
{&m0wDonf jrpfzsm;rS onf
jrpf0qDodkYwoGifoGiftqufrjywf
pD;qif;aeonf/ ,cifuvnf;
pD;qif;aecJhonf/ ,ckvnf; pD;qif;
aeqJyif/ aemifwGifvnf; urm
wnfoa&GUpD;qif;aeOD;rnfomjzpfonf/
wkdif;jynfudkcspfaom ppfom;
tkdBuD; 'kwd,t&mcHAdkvfatmifxGef;
onf ol\ ajcwpfzufudkpaw;
wkdif;jynftwGuf vGwfvyfa&;udk
&,lay;cJhonf/
armfuGef;0ifppfom;tdkBuD;\
om;ppf o m;uav;armif a rmif ?
'kwd,wyfMuyfrSonf wyfMuyfBuD;
txd ppfajrjyifwiG f &mxl;tqifq
h ihf
&&SdcJhaom ol&Jaumif;rSwfwrf;0if
wyfMuyfBuD;armifarmif? zcif\rNyD;
qHk;ao;aom wm0efudk zcifxHrS
ycHk;vTJajymif;,lum ajcwpfzufESifh
vufwpfzufudk pGefYvTwfwkdif;jynf
\ vGwfvyfa&;udk t"GefY&Snfatmif
umuG,fay;cJhonf/
aMomf -wkdif;jynfudkcspfaom
uRefawmfwkdYvlrsKd;\ wkdif;cspfjynf
cspfpdwfonfom;pOfajr;qufwkdif
atmif urmwnfoa&GU {&m0wDjrpf
BuD;ES,yf if pOfqufrjywfwoGio
f iG f
pD;qif;aeayawmhrnfwum; / /
odef;pdefxGef;
(rif;&efatmifppfqifa&;rS
wkdufyGJ0ifppfonfrsm;udk *kPfjyK
vsuf)
rSwfcsuf / / jr0wDr*Zif;udk
umuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyfHk; (Munf;)?
jynf o l Y q uf q H a &;ES i f h pd w f " mwf
ppfqifa&;nTefMum;a&;rSL;Hk; vuf
atmuf&Sd jr0wDpmaywkdufrS 1952
ckESpf Ekd0ifbmv 1 &ufaeYu pwif
xk w f a 0jcif ; jzpf N yD ; ,ck 0 w K rS m
1980 jynf h E S p f 'D Z if b mvxk w f
jr0wDr*Zif;wGifazmfjycJhjcif; jzpfNyD;
,ck jyefvnfazmfjyjcif;jzpfonf/
FOREIGN AFFAIRS
The
VOICE
wkwfEkdifiHonf EdkifiHa&;jyK
jyifajymif;vJrIudk jyKvkyfrnfjzpf
aomfvnf; taemufEkdifiHyHkpH EkdifiH
a&;pepf u d k r l yH k w l u l ; rnf r [k w f
aMumif; rMumrDorw&mxl;rS tem;
,l a wmh r nf h wk w f o r w [l * sif
awmifuajymMum;aMumif;udkvnf;
wkwftpdk;&ydkifqif[Gmowif;wGif
azmfjyxm;onf/
aMumif;udkvnf; if;uwkdufwGef;
ajymMum;onf/
xk d Y jyif vmbf p m;rI o nf
wkwfuGefjrLepfygwDudk NydKuGJoGm;
aprnf [ k v nf ; [l * sif a wmif u
owday;ajymMum;oGm;onf/
wkwfEkdifiHNrdKUawmf ab*sif;&Sd
Grate Hall wGifusif;yonfh uGefjrL
epfygwDudk,fpm;vS,f 2200 ausmf
oD&dvuFmw&m;olBuD;csKyfudk pGyfpGJjypfwifrIpwif
w&m;pD&ifa&;tmPmxdcdkufEkdif
udkvHbkd? Ekd0ifbm 6
,if;uJhodkY pGyfpGJjypfwifrIrjyK
vkyf&ef a&SUae&maygif;rsm;pGmu NrdKU
awmf udkvHbkdwGif qEjyawmif;qdkcJh
aomf v nf ; tmPm&ygwD r S v T w f
awmftrwfrsm;u pGyfpGJjypfwifrIudk
pwifjyKvkyfaeNyDjzpfonf/
EkdifiHwGif;&Sd w&m;pD&ifa&;
pepfukd zdEydS &f efvyk af qmifjcif;r[kwf
ovdk w&m;olBuD;csKyfudktNidK;jzifh
vuf p m;acsrI j yKvk y f j cif ; r[k w f
aMumif; tpdk;&tzGJUuajymMum;oGm;
onf/
oD&dvuFmEkdifiHwGif;&Sd a'o
qkdif&mtpdk;&tzGJUrsm;udk vkyfydkifcGifh
ay;tyfxm;aom zGHUNzdK;a&;&efyHkaiG
toHk;jyKrIudk A[dktpdk;&tzGJUu jyef
vnfcsKyfudkifEkdifa&; &nf&G,fwif
oGif;aom Divineguma Oya'Murf;
udk w&m;olBuD;csKyfu aESmifh,Suf
rIrsm;jyKvkyfcJhojzifh tpdk;&tzGJUu
jyefvnf vufwkHUjyefjcif;jzpfaMumif;
twk d u f t cH E k d i f i H a &;orm;rsm;u
ajymMum;oGm;onf/
a'oqkdif&mtkyfcsKyfa&;tzGJU
rsm;udk vTJtyfxm;aomtmPmrsm;
jyefvnfcsKyfudkif&ef tpdk;&tzGJUu
vkyfaqmifaeNyD; ,if;uJhodkYaqmif
&Gufjcif;udk EkdifiHwGif;&Sd tiftm;
tBuD;qHk; wrDvfEkdifiHa&;ygwDtyg
t0if twdkuftcHygwDrsm;u uefY
uGufvsuf&Sdonf/
tmPmcG J a 0toH k ; jyKa&;ud k
tpdk;&tzGJUurvkdvm;onfudk vuf
&S d j zpf & yf r sm;u azmf j yaeaMumif ;
wrDvftwkduftcHEkdifiHa&;orm;wpf
OD;jzpfol rmEkd*geDqefuxkwfazmf
ajymMum;oGm;onf/
*&ufjyKvkyf&mwGif wdeftmeefrif
&ifjyif tygt0if ygwDuGef*&uf
usif;y&m Great Hall teD;wGif vHkNcHK
a&;txl;wif;usyfxm;onf/
xkdYjyif wkwfEkdifiHa&;wuf<u
vIy&f mS ;olrsm;udv
k nf; aetdrt
f us,f
csKyfcsxm;NyD; EdkifiHa&;vIHUaqmfpm
rsm;jzefYa0jcif;udk umuG,&f eftwGuf
tiSm;um;rsm;\ aemufwHcg;rSefrsm;
udk ydwx
f m;&ef nTeMf um;xm;aMumif;
tqkdygowif;wGif azmfjyxm;onf/
vGefcJhaom&ufydkif;ujyKvkyfcJh
aom wkwfEkdifiHydkif Global Times
owif;pm\ wkwfEkdifiHNrdKUBuD;rsm;
wG i f ppf w rf ; aumuf , l c suf t &
wkwfvlrsKd; 80 &mcdkifEIef;rSm EdkifiH
a&;jyKjyifajymif;vJ&efvdkvm;vsuf&Sd
aMumif; od&onf/
k&Sm;ppfbuftodkif;t0dkif;ESifh
oabmxm;uGv
J rJG rI sm;ay:aygufaeaom
umuG,af &;0efBu;D tefwekd q
D m'laumh'f
udk tusiyhf suv
f mbfpm;rIjyKvkyo
f nf
[kqu
kd m 0efBuD;csKyfyw
l ifu &mxl;rS
xkwfy,fvdkufaMumif; BBC owif;
wGif azmfjyxm;onf/
tD&efudkwkduf&eftoifU&Sdonf[k tpa&;0efBuD;csKyfqkd
a*skqvif? Ekd0ifbm 7
39
VOICE
The
yGmwd&k u
D Ekd idk if o
H nf tar&duef
jynfaxmifpw
k iG ;f &Sd ud,
k yf ikd f tkycf sKycf iG &hf
a'owpfcjk zpfNy;D tar&duefa':vmaiG
ESit
hf ar&duefEidk if u
H ;l vufrw
S rf sm;udk
toHk;jyKaeaom EkdifiHwpfckjzpfonf/
odYk aomfvnf; tar&duefvw
T f
awmf&Sd yGmwdk&Dudkudk,fpm;vS,ftzGJU
tar&d u ef j ynf e ,f w pf c k
tjzpf owfrw
S jfcif;cH&ygu vTwaf wmfoYk d
udk,fpm;vS,frsm; apvTwfrJay;ydkif
cGifh&Sdrnfjzpfovdk tar&duefEkdifiH
om;rsm;ay;aqmifae&aom tcGerf sm;
udkvnf; xrf;aqmif&ef wm0ef&Sd
oGm;rnfjzpfonf/
qD;&D;,m;NrdKYawmf wkdufcdkufrIrsm;ay:ayguf
orwtmqwf aemufqHk;tcsdefeD;uyfvmNyD[kqdk
'rwfpuwf? Ekd0ifbm 6
qD;&D;,m;NrdKUawmf 'rwfpuwf
&Sd 0efBuD;csKyfHk;? ppfbufav,mOf
uGif;ESifh orwtmqwf\ trmcH
e,fajrrsm;wku
d cf u
dk rf cI aH e&NyD; orw
tmqwf \ aemuf q H k ; tcsd e f r S m
wjznf;jznf;eD;uyfvmaeaMumif;
qD;&D;,m;twkduftcHtzGJUajyma&;
qkdcGihf&SdolajymMum;csufudk udk;um;
NyD; BBC owif;wGiaf zmfjyxm;onf/
'rwfpuwfNrdKUawmf&Sd 0efBuD;
csKyf;kH taqmufttH?k orweef;awmf
ESifh ppfbufav,mOfuGif; wpfckudk
vufeufudkifrsm;u armfwmrsm;jzifh
ypfcwfwu
dk cf u
dk o
f mG ;aMumif; owif;
wGifazmfjyxm;onf/
xkdYtjyif orwtmqwfESifh
rsKd;EG,fwl tmvm0dkufvlrsKd;pkrsm;
aexkdif&m rpfZef (86) &yfuGufudk
vufeufuikd rf sm;u ypfcwfwu
dk cf u
kd f
cJhjcif;aMumifh a'ocHoHk;OD;aoqHk;NyD;
12 OD;xdcdkuf'Pf&m&SdoGm;aMumif;
vlYtcGifhta&;apmifhMunhfa&;tzGJUu
ajymMum;oGm;onf/
odkYaomfvnf; rpfZef&yfuGuf
ud k w k d u f c d k u f j cif ; r[k w f b J t eD ; &S d
orwtmqwf\ eef;awmfuykd pfcwf
wku
d cf u
dk jf cif;omjzpfaMumif; twku
d f
tcHrsm;u ajymMum;oGm;onf/
qD;&D;,m;awmfvSefa&;orm;
rsm;\wpfNydKifeufA;kH cGw
J u
dk cf u
kd rf rI sm;
ud k vuf w k Y H j yef o nf h t aejzif h
tpdk;&wyfzGJU0ifrsm;u jyif;xefonfh
tajrmufypfcwfwkdufcdkufrIrsm;ESifh
avaMumif; AHk;BuJwkdufcdkufrIrsm;
jyKvkyfcJhonf/
]]'rwfpuwfNrdKUawmfukd orw
tmqwf r xd e f ; csKyf E k d i f a wmh o vd k
aemufqHk;tcsdefvnf; wjznf;jznf;
eD;uyfaeNyD}} [k qD;&D;,m;twkduf
tcHtzGJUajyma&;qkdcGifh&Sdol qlZeftm
rwfuajymMum;oGm;onf/
odYkaomfvnf; qD;&D;,m;twku
d f
tcHrsm;Mum;wGifvnf; tcsif;csif;
rnDnw
G rf rI sm;jzpfay:aeNyD; Ekid if w
H iG ;f
&SdtwkduftcHrsm;tm;vHk;udk udk,fpm;
jyKEkdifjcif;r&Sdonfudk EkdifiHwumu
a0zefaxmufjyvsuf&Sdonf/
qD;&D;,m; jynfwGif;jynfy&Sd
twkduftcHtm;vHk;udk udk,fpm;jyKEkdif
&ef ydkrdkus,fjyefYonfh twkduftcH
acgif;aqmifraI umifpw
D pfczk UJG pnf;&ef
vkdtyfaeaMumif; tar&duef jynf
axmifpkuajymMum;oGm;onf/
yGmwdk&DudkEkdifiHwGif;&Sd qEcH,l
yGJwGif rJay;ydkifcGifh&Sdol 80 &mckdifEIef;
cefYyg0ifraJ y;cJNh yD; trsm;pk oH;k yHEk pS yf u
kH
tar&duefjynfe,fwpfct
k jzpf aexkid f
oGm;&ef axmufcHrJay;cJhonf/
pydef - tar&duefppfyGJNyD;qHk;
onfh 1898 ckESpfrSpwif yGmwdk&Dudk
EkdifiHonf tar&duefydkifeufe,fajr
wpfcjk zpfvmcJNh y;D 1917 ckEpS rf pS wif
yGmwd&k u
D kd Edik if o
H m;rsm;udk tar&duef
Ekid if o
H m;cH,cl iG Ehf iS hf wyfrawmfwiG ;f 0if
a&muftrIxrf;cGiu
hf kd cGijhf yKay;cJo
h nf/
vuf&Sdtar&duefjynfaxmifpk
aexkid af om yGmwd&k u
D Ekd idk if o
H m;ta&
twGuf av;oef;onf yGmwd&k u
D u
kd Ref;
wGifaexkdifaom EkdifiHom;ta&t
wGufxufwpfoef;ausmfydkrdkaMumif;
owif;wGifazmfjyxm;onf/
yGmwkd&DudkEkdifiHom;rsm;uom
vdkvm;ygu if;wdkY\ tar&duef
jynfe,ftjzpfwnf&SdvdkrIudk axmuf
cHay;oGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; tar&duef
orwtdkbm;rm;u NyD;cJhonhfESpf
twGif;ajymMum;cJhonf/
tar&duefjynfe,ftjzpf owf
rSwfrIudk uGef*&ufvTwfawmfuom
qH;k jzwfomG ;rnfjzpfaomfvnf; ,if;uJh
odkYaom w&m;0ifawmif;qdkrIrsm;
uGef*&ufvTwfawmfu y,fcsavh&Sd
aMumif; owif;wGifazmfjyxm;onf/
vuf&u
dS rmausmftqdak wmfEiS hf
okyaf qmifwpfO;D jzpfol *sezD mvdyk uf
\rdbrsm;rSm yGmwd&k u
D Ekd ikd if o
H m;rsm;
jzpfMuonf/
awmifudk&D;,m;tmPm&ygwDrS trsKd;orD;orwavmif;udk
,SOfNydKifEkdif&ef NydKifbuforwavmif;ESpfOD;yl;aygif;
qkd;vf? Ekd0ifbm 7
&ufpGJrSwfwrf;
wevFm ? Ek0d ifbm 5 ? ygupweftajcpdu
k f Haqqani ppfaoG;<utkypf u
k kd ukvor*tzGUJ \ wmvDbefta&;,lyw
d q
f Ykd
40
The
VOICE
41
VOICE
The
pmrsufESm 40 rS
r,fhae&m jzpfygw,f/
wpfcgwav uRefawmfwkdY[m
tJ'u
D dk b,fvo
dk mG ;&r,fqw
dk meJY ywf
oufNy;D oabmxm;uGv
J MJG uygw,f/
NyD;cJhwJh &mpkESpf ESpfckuwnf;uvkdyJ
uReaf wmfwYdk jyKjyifpwifjcif; wk;d wuf
rSmyg/ tNrw
J rf;rsO;f ajzmifeh YJ wufomG ;
rSmawmh r[kwfygbl;/
uRefawmfwkdYrSm wlnDwJh tdyf
rufawG? arQmfvifhcsufawG &Sdwmukd
vufcHkHeJYawmh tm;vkH;aom tcuf
tcJawG ajyvnfoGm;rSm r[kwfyg
bl;/ cufcJwJh oabmwlnDcsufawG
&,lNyD;rSom uRefawmfwkdY a&SUquf
EkdifrSm jzpfygw,f/
bkHwlnDcsufawGu omvQif
uRefawmfwkdY tvkyfpvkyf&rSm jzpfyg
w,f/ pD;yGm;a&;tajctaeawGu jyef
vnfaumif;rGefvmygNyD/ q,fpkESpf
wpfcpk m ppfyu
JG vnf; NyD;qk;H aeygNyD/
rJq,
G af e&wmvnf; NyD;ygNyD/ cifAsm;
wkYday;wJh rJukd && r&& cifAsm;wkdY
ajymwmukd uRefawmfem;axmifaeqJ
yg/ cifAsm;wkdYqDu oif,laeqJyg/
uReaf wmfu
h dk orwaumif;wpfa,muf
jzpfatmif cifAsm;wkdY avhusifh ay;cJh
ygw,f/
cifAsm;wkdYajymwJh Zmwfvrf;
awG? cifAsm;wkYd ke;f uef&rIawGeYJ twl
tem*wf&SdaewJh uRefawmfhtvkyf
tdrfjzLawmfukd ckdifrmwJh oEd|mef
wuf<upGmeJY uRefawmfjyefvmygNyD/
xkH;pHtwkdif; cifAsm;wkdY rJay;cJh
Muwm[m Ekid if aH &;twGuf r[kwyf g
bl;/ vufawGUvkyfaqmifzkdY twGuf
jzpfygw,f/ cifAsm;wkdY uRefawmfwkdY
ukd a&G;aumufwifajrmufvkdufw,f
qkdwm cifAsm;wkdY tvkyftwGuf jzpf
ygw,f/ uRefawmfwkdY tvkyftwGuf
r[kwfygbl;/ vmr,fh oDwif;ywf
awG? vawGrSm uRefawmf[mygwD
acgif;aqmifawGeYJ awGUzkYd arQmfvifNh yD;
uRefawmfwkdY pdefac:rIawGukd twl
wuG ajz&Sif;MuzkdY arQmfvihfygw,f/
vkad iGjyaewm? tcGeu
f pd ? jynf0ifciG hf
ay:vpDukd twnfjyK&rSmeJY EkdifiHjcm;
u avmifpmukd rSDckdae&wJhb0uae
vGwfatmif vkyf&rSm pwmawGukd
ajz&Si;f &ygr,f/ uReaf wmfwYdk vkypf &m
awG trsm;BuD; &Sdygw,f/
'geJY cifAsm;wkdY tvkyfNyD;qkH;
oGm;NyDvkdY ajymvkdY r&ygbl;/ 'Drkd
ua&pDEidk if o
H m;wpfa,muf&UJ tcef;
u@[m rJay;kHeJY NyD;roGm;ygbl;/
tar&du[m uReaf wmfwYdkudk bmawG
vkyaf y;Ekid w
f ,fqw
dk mxuf uReaf wmf
wkdYukd,fwkdif vkyfaqmif&rSm jzpfyg
w,f/ cufcJyifyef;ayr,fh 'g[m
r&Srd jzpfvt
dk yfwhJ uk,
d u
hf ,
dk u
f ,
dk f OD;
aqmifwmygyJ/ 'g[m uRefawmfwkdY
wnfaxmifcJhwJh rl0g'vnf; jzpfyg
w,f/ tar&du[m wjcm;EkdifiHawG
xuf "eOpmykd&Sdygw,f/ 'gayrJh
'gaMumifh uRefawmfwkdY csrf;omwm
r[kwfygbl;/ tar&du[m ppftif
tm;BuD;ygw,f/ 'gayrJh 'gaMumifh
uReaf wmfwYdk tiftm;cdik rf mwm r[kwf
ygbl;/ uReaf wmfwYdk wuov
dk af wG?
,Ofaus;rIawG [ m ur m ausmf y g
w,f/ 'gayrJh 'gawGaMumifh uReaf wmf
wkdYajrukd vlawGvmMuwm r[kwf
vufvkyfukdifaeEkdifr,fvkdY uRefawmf
,kHMunfygw,f/ uRefawmfwkdY pwif
wnfaxmifcJhpOfu uwdpum;ukd
qufvuf wnfNrJaeEkdifr,fvkdY ,kH
Munfygw,f/ cifAsm;wkdYom tvkyf
BuKd;pm;Mur,fqkd&if cifAsm;b,fu
vmw,f/ bmeJYwlw,f/ bmukdcspf
w,f/ cifAsm; vljzLvm;? vlrnf;
vm;? [pfpyef;epfvm;? tm&Som;
vm;? tar&duef Zmwdvm;? i,fo
vm; Bu;D ovm;? csr;f omovm;? rcsr;f
omovm;? oefprG ;f olvm;? roefprG ;f
olvm;? rdef;rvsmvm;? orm;kd;us
vm;/ 'gawGtm;vkH;u udpv
kH;0 r&Sd
ygbl;/ cifAsm;om BuKd;pm;r,fqkd&if
tar&durSm bmrqkd jyKvkyfEkdifyg
w,f/ uRefawmfwkdY EkdifiHa&;u vrf;
nTefxm;ovkd uRefawmfwkdY[m ruGJ
xGufMuwmaMumifh uRefawmfwkdY&JU
tem*wfukd uRefawmfwkdY &,lEkdif Mu
r,fvkdY uRefawmf,kHMunfygw,f/
uRefawmfwkdY[m oHo,0g'DawGvkdyJ
a0zefaxmufjyrIwpfckwnf; vkyfae
rSm r[kwfygbl;/
uReaf wmfwYdk[m yk*Kd vfa&; &nf
rSef;csufawG pk p nf ; xm;wmxuf
ykNd yD; BuD;us,yf gw,f/ teDa&mifjynf
e,fawG? tjyma&mif jynfe,fawG
pkpnf;xm;wmxuf ykdNyD; omvGefyg
w,f/ uReaf wmfwYdk[m xm0& tar&d
uefjynfaxmifpkjzpfygw,f/
cifAsm;wkdY&JU tultnD bk&m;
ocif&UJ toa&awmfeYJtwl uReaf wmf
wkYd [m twlwuG a&SUukdc&D;qufEkdif
NyD; uRefawmfwkdYbmaMumifh BuD;jrwf
wJh EkdifiHrSm aexkdifMuwmukd urmu
odapygw,f/ tar&duefjynfolrsm;
cifAsm;wkdYukd aus;Zl;wifygw,f/
bk&m;ocif cifAsm;wkdYukd aumif;csD;
ay;ygap? tar&duukd bk&m;ocif
aumif;csD;ay;ygap/
oefYZifpdk;
odum&Sd&SdtIH;ay;oGm;aom
rpfwf&Gefrfae\
rdefh cGef;aumufEkwfcsuf
wifat;ausmf
orwtkdbm;rm;twGuf qkrGefaumif;awmif;ygw,f
uRefawmf ckeav;wifyJ orwtkdbm;rm;ukd *kPf,lygaMumif; zkef;eJYqufajymvkdufygw,f/ olUukd
axmufco
H al wGa&m? olU&JUa&G;aumufyJG rJq,
G af y;wJt
h zGUJ ukad &m *kPjf yKcHzYdk xku
d w
f efoal wGyg/ uReaf wmfuawmh
olwYdktm;vk;H txl;ojzihf orwtkdbm;rm;a&m? orwuawmfa&m? orw&JUorD;ESpfa,muftwGufyg qkrGef
aumif; awmif;vkdufygw,f/ tckcsdef[m tar&duefjynfaxmifpktwGuf wu,fhpdefac:rIBuD;eJY &ifqkdifae&wJh
umvBuD;yg/ orwtkb
d m;rm;taeeJY uRefawmfwYdk Eidk if u
H dk vrf;nTerf aI y;&m atmifjrifygapvkYd uRefawmfqrk eG f
aumif; awmif;tyfygw,f/
EkdifiHa&;xufjynfolukd OD;pm;ay;zkdharQmfvifU
tm;vkH;odMuwJhtwkdif;yJ uRefawmfwkdYEkdifiH[m wu,fhta&;BuD;wJh tajctaeukd a&mufaeygw,f/
'DvkdumvrsKd;rSm ta&;rygwJh ygwDcsif;&efjzpfaewmawG? EkdifiHa&;[efjyaewmrsKd;awGeJY pGefYpm;&r,fhtcsdef
r[kwfygbl;/ uRefawmfwkdYacgif;aqmifawGtaeeJYu tar&duefjynfoal wG tusK;d &Sad tmif tcsi;f csif;Mum;rSm&SdwJh
pnf;jcm;xm;rIawGukd ausmfvTm;&rSmjzpfovkd tar&duefjynfolawGtaeeJYvnf; tcuftcJpdefac:rIawGukd
&ifqkdifausmfvTm;oGm;&rSmjzpfygw,f/ aemufNyD; uRefawmfwkdY&JUq&mawG? ygarmuawGudk tm;xm;arQmv
f ihf
ygw,f/ olwYdkudk tm;xm;arQmfvifhw,fqkdwmu olwkdYqDu pmoifMum;zkdYtwGufom r[kwfygbl;/ olwkdY&JU
avhvmqnf;yl;rItay:rSm? pl;prf;&SmazGtm;xkwrf aI wGtay:rSm uReaf wmfwYd&k UJ om;orD;awG tm;ustwk,w
l wfzYdk yJ
jzpfygw,f/ aemufNyD; uRefawmfwkdY&JUc&pf,mefbmomqkdif&mbkef;awmfBuD;awG? tjcm;tjcm;aom bmoma&;
qkid &f m acgif;aqmifawGvnf; tm;xm;arQmv
f ifyh gw,f/ tar&duefvYltzGUJ tpnf;ukd wnfaqmufay;xm;wJh
umv&SnfMumpGmwnf&SdaewJh rlabmifawGukd olwkdYuaxmufcHay;zkdY tm;xm;arQmfvifhygw,f/ tJ'DrlawG
uawmh kd;om;rIwkdY? vSL'gef;ay;urf;rIwkdY? odumorm"d&SdrIwkdY? rdom;pkpdwf"mwfpwJh rlawGygyJ/
aemufq;Hk avhvmok;H oyf&r,fq&kd ifawmh t&mtm;vk;H [m rdom;pkwkdif;? tdrfwkdif;&JU atmifjrifrItay:rSm
wnfrSDaeygw,f/ aemufNyD; e,fy,faygif;pkHu tvkyftukdifzefwD;olawGukdvnf; tm;xm;arQmfvifhygw,f/
olwkdY&JU &if;ESD;jrKyfESHrIawG? tvkyftukdifcefYxm;rIawG? a&SUqufwkd;wufatmif aqmif&GufrIawGukd tm;xm;
arQmfvihfygw,f/ aemufNyD; ae&mtqifhtoD;oD;rSm&SMd uwJh 'Dru
dk &ufwpfygwDua&m? &DywfbvDuefu vlawG
taeeJYyg Ekdiif aH &;xufjynfoal wGudk OD;pm;ay;zkYd tm;xm;arQmv
f ifyh gw,f/
EkdifiHukdwnfaqmuf ay;xm;wJUEIef;pHqufvufwnfwHUaerSmyg
uReaf wmftar&duefjynfaxmifpu
k dk ,kMH unfygw,f/ tar&duefjynfolawGukd ,kHMunfygw,f/ uRefawmf
orwNyKdifyGJ0ifcJh&wmu tar&duefjynfaxmifpkukd pkd;&drfylyefwJhtwGufyg/ tck a&G;aumufyGJawmh NyD;oGm;NyD
qkdayr,fh uRefawmfwkdY&JU EIef;pHrlabmifawGuawmh qufvufwnfwHhaeygw,f/ uRefawmfwkdY EkdifiHukd tajccH
wnfaqmufay;xm;wJh tJ'DEIef;pHrlabmifawG[m uRefawmfwkdY pD;yGm;a&;jyefvnfckdifrmawmifhwif;vmapzkdY?
BuD;us,jf rihjf rwfraI wG jyefvnftopfjzpfxeG ;f vmzkYd ckid rf maocsmwJhvrf;nTefrIawGqkdwmukd uRefawmf,kHMunf
ygw,f/ uRefawmfhtaeeJY tar&duefjynfolawG&JU arQmfvifhcsufawGjynfh0apzkdY EkdifiHukd rwlnDjcm;em;wJh
OD;wnfcsuef YJomG ;csicf w
hJ myg/ 'gayrJh tar&duefjynfaxmifpu
k wjcm;wpfa,mufuydk J orwtjzpf a&G;cs,af y;
vku
d yf gw,f/ 'Dawmh uReaf wmfeYJuReaf wmfZh eD; tef;wkYdu cifAsm;wkYdeYJtwl orwtkb
d m;rm;ukad &m? 'DBuD;jrwfwJh
Ekid if BH uD;ukad &m qkreG af umif;awmif;tyfygw,f/ aus;Zl;wifygw,f/ tar&duukd bk&m;ocif aumif;cs;D ay;ygap/
wifat;ausmf
44
d
The
VOICE
awmifwkwfyifv,fta&; tmqD,H&yfwnfrI
EU axmufcH
zEGrf;yif? Ekd0ifbm 6
awmifwkwfyifv,ftwGif;
wkwfESifha&ykdifeuftjiif;yGm;vsuf
&Sad om tmqD,EH idk if rH sm;ta&;twGuf
tmqD,HEkdifiHrsm;\ &yfwnfcsufudk
axmufcHygaMumif; Oa&myor*
EU EkdifiHacgif;aqmifrsm;jzpfonfh
qGpfZmvefESifh aemfa0acgif;aqmif
rsm;u zdvpfydkiforwtuGDEkdESifh
vmtdknDvmcHwGif awGUqHkpOfajymqkd
onf[k zdvpfydkifowif;pm Daily
Inquirer u a&;om;azmfjyxm;onf/
EkdifiHwum Oya'udktajccH
um Nidrf;csrf;onfh enf;vrf;jzifh
a&ydkifeuf? uRef;ydkifeufrsm;ta&;
aqmif&Gufrnfh tmqD,H\&yfwnf
aqmif & G u f c suf u d k tav;teuf
axmufcHaMumif; EU acgif;aqmif
rsm;u qkdonf[k zdvpfykdiforw
wkwfESifhzdvpfydkifa&aMumif;
qk d i f & m xd y f w k d u f a wG U qH k r I r sm;
awmif w k w f y if v ,f t jiif ; yG m ;
a&ykdifeuftwGif;wGif rMumcPjzpf
avh&SdcJhNyD; ,ckESpf{NyDvtwGif;u
zdvpfyikd f ppfoabFmwpfpif;ESihf wkwf
apmihMf unhf uif;vSnahf &,mOfEpS pf if;
wdkYxdyfwkdufawGUcJhrIjzpfyGm;cJhonf/
zdvpfyikd Ef iS t
hf ar&duefwYkd a&aMumif;
ppfqifa&;yl;wGJppfa&; avhusifhrI
rsm;jyKvkyfcJhzl;um tqkdygppfa&;
avhusifhyGJNyD; &uftenf;i,ftMum
wGif zdvpfydkifokawoea&,mOf
wpf p if ; uk d wk w f p pf o abF m u
tjiif;yGm;a&ydkifeuftwGif;rS armif;
xkwfypfcJhzl;ao;onf/
epfygwDrS udk,fpm;vS,frsm;onf
wdkif;jynfacgif;aqmifrsm;udk a&G;cs,f
Mu&rnfjzpfNyD; urmh'kwd,tiftm;
tBuD;qHk;jzpfaom wkwfjynfolY
orwEdkifiHwGif ,ckq,fpkESpfrsm;
twGif; qif;&JEHkcsmaomtajcrSonf
urm'h w
k ,
d tiftm;tBuD;qH;k pD;yGm;a&;
tqifhtxd xdk;wufvmcJhonf/
od k Y aomf Ed k i f i H o m;rsm;\
0ifaiGrnDrQrIrsm;aMumifh vlrIrwnf
NidrfrIrsm;vnf; jzpfyGm;vsuf&Sdonf/
wkwfwuodkvfESifh A[dkbPfwdkYu
yl;wGJavhvmaom tpD&ifcHpmwpf
apmifwiG v
f nf; wkwjf ynfoYl orw
EdkifiHwGif tcsrf;omqHk;aom rdom;pk
rsm;xJrS xdyfydkif; 10 &mcdkifEIef;\
0ifaiGonf wkwfjynfol 57 &mcdkif
EIef;\ tdrfaxmifpk0ifaiGESifh wlnD
aeaMumif; &v'fxGufay:vmcJhzl;
onf/ wkwv
f il ,faeYpOfowif;pm
rS jyKvkyfaom ppfwrf;t& aemuf
xyf a wG U &S d c suf w pf c k r S m wk w f
jynfoltrsm;pk 'kwd,tqifh pdk;&drf
onfhtcsufrSm wkwfjynfolrsm;\
pkaygif;yg0gtcef;u@ tm;aysmh
vmNyD ; tusKd ; pD ; yG m ;tk y f p k r sm;\
yg0gyd k r d k a e&m&vmjcif ; jzpf o nf /
tusKd;pD;yGm;tkyfpkqdkonfrSm rnfol
rnf0gud&k nf&,
G af Mumif;udrk l tqdyk g
wk w f o wif ; pmu tao;pd w f
axmufjyajymqdkoGm;jcif;r&Sday/
wkwfjynfolYorwEdkifiHwGif
EdkifiHawmfydkifaumfydka&;&Sif;BuD;rsm;
ESifh pD;yGm;a&;qdkif&m tcsuftvuf
rsm; BudKwif&&Sdwwfonfhtpdk;&ydkif;
ESifheD;pyfaom vlBuD;rdom;pkaqGrsKd;
rsm;u csrf;om<u,f0rIydkrdk&&Sdxm;
Muonf/
Oa&myor*tzGUJ \b@maiGrsm;
udk tusK;d &Spd mG toH;k rcsbJ jzKe;f wD;rIrsm;
jyKvkyfcJhonfudk pm&if;ppfrsm;u
ppfaq;awGU&So
d jzifh tqkyd gtzGJUtay:
a0zefrrI sm;ay:aygufaeaMumif; BBC
owif;wGifazmfjyxm;onf/
2011 ckEpS Of a&myor*bwf*surf S
qD;&D;,m;orw tjynfjynfqdkif&mw&m;Oya'udk&ifqdkif&ef
NAdwdef0efBuD;csKyfwdkufwGef;
'rwfpuwf? Edk0ifbm 6
42
The
VOICE
43
VOICE
The
Vol.8 / No.45
88 ausmif;om;rsm; EkdifiHawmifydkif;c&D;qefhrnf
xm;0,f? Ekd0ifbm 4
OD;wifudkudkOD;u if;\arQmfvifhcsuf
udk zGifh[onf/
Nrd w f c d k i f w G i f 50 r* g 0yf
avmhavmhausmufrD;aoG;"mwftm;
ay;pufHktpm; obm0"mwfaiGUoHk;
"mwftm;ay;pufHkwnfaqmufay;
a&;ESifh NrdwfNrdKUwpf0ef;udk q,fpkESpf
ESpfckpmcefY teHYtoufqkd;&Gm;ap
onfh ig;trIefYBudwfpufHkrsm;udk &yf
wefYay;a&; a'ocH 500 ausmfu
Nid r f ; csrf ; pG m pD w ef ; vS n f h v nf q E
xkwfazmfcJhonf/
aumhaomif;NrdKUwGif 8 r*g0yf
xkwf ausmufrD;aoG;"mwftm;ay;
pufHkudpwGif axmufcHolESifh uefY
uGufol tjyeftvSefqExkwfazmfrI
rsm; jyKvkyfvsuf&SdNyD; Nrdwfcdkif
bkwjf yif;NrKd Ue,fwiG v
f nf; 500 r*g0yf
ausmuf r D ; aoG ; oH k ; "mwf t m;ay;
pufHkudk wnfaqmuf&ef em;vnfrI
pmcRefvTma&;xkd;xm;NyD;jzpfonf/
pufrv
I yk if ef;ydik ;f qkid &f m &if;ESD;
jrKyfESHrIqkdif&mrsm;wGif xifomjrif
omr&SdrItay:aqG;aEG;jcif;? ausmuf
rD;aoG;pufHkudp? v,f,majrudp?
qDtek ;f pdu
k cf if;rsm;udpE iS hf a'owGif;
&ifqkdifae&onfh obm0ywf0ef;
usifxdef;odrf;a&;qkdif&mwkdYtay:
tus,fw0ifhaqG;aEG;&ef arQmfvifh
aMumif; OD;wifudkudkOD;uqkdonf/
]]vlxkeJYawGUqHkNyD; aqG;aEG;nd
EIdif;w,fqkdawmh aumif;ygw,f/
vufcHygw,f}}[k Nrdwf NLD rS
wdkif;aumfr&SiftzGJU0if OD;oef;xGef;
u 88 ausmif;om;rsm;\c&D;pOf
tay: okH;oyfajymqkdonf/
88 rsKd;qufausmif;om;acgif;
aqmifrsm;\ Nrdwf? aumhaomif;cdkif
c&D;pOfonf ,if;a'orsm;odkY yxr
qHk;vma&mufonfh c&D;pOfjzpfonf/
xm;0,fNrdKUodkY 2012 ckESpf
arvwGif 88 rsKd;qufausmif;om;
acgif;aqmifrsm;jzpfaom rif;udkEkdif?
udkudkBuD;? aX;<u,f? NyHK;csKd? rmuD;?
tH h z G , f a usmf w k d Y vma&muf M uNyD ;
Mo*kwv
f wGif udrk if;aZ,sm? udak omf
ZifxGef;? udkcspfudkvif;? roufouf
atmifwkdYESifh ausmif;om;or*jzpf
ajrmufa&;aumfrwDrS udpk nfoal rmif
wdkYvma&mufcJhonf/
Dawei Watch
42
ii
The
VOICE
arwmNrdKYodkh . . . cspfjcif;tm;jzifU
q&maZmf (pdwfynm)
rnfuvnf;vS? &ifudkat;apwJhynwf/ NrdKUqdkvdkYvnf; NrdKUrrnfwJhNrdKUav;yg/ trnfay;owfrSwfcJholawGudk aus;Zl;wifp&myg/ arwmqdkwm vlwdkif;vdktyfwJht&m? olawmfaumif;awG
ay;wJht&m? at;Nidrf;csrf;omjcif;? cspfjcif;awGeJYav/
50 cefYrSm 'kwd,ukef;wpfck &Sdyg wl;&mwpfcu
'DNrdKUav;udk atmufwdkbmv jrpfjzpfvmr,fh yifracsmif;wpfckjzpf
k aeMunfw
h t
hJ cg tkwpf D
ao;w,f/ 6 aycefYjrifhNyD; ay 40 xm;wmawGU&ygw,f/ ukef;tv,f
27 &ufaeYu uRefawmfa&mufcJhyg wJ h carmif ; oG , f a csmif ; ay:u
cefY us,yf gw,f/ tkwu
f sK;d awGvnf; u usif;uawmh av;ayavmuf
w,f/ 26 &ufaeYrSm obm0ywf wHwm;udk oGm;MunfhMuygw,f/
awGU&ygw,f/ yxrukef;udk ajr&Sif; us,Nf yD; q,fayavmufeufygw,f/
0ef;usiftvkyfHkaqG;aEG;yGJwpfckudk
wHwm;uawmh ,m,Djzpfay
xm;NyD;NyD pwl;zdkYvkyfaeygNyD/ ajrwl; t&ifwkef;u ppfqifa&;wm0efus
xm;0,frSm vkyfcJhygw,f/ uRefawmf r,fh uGefu&pfwdkifawGeJY aqmuf
pufbD;&mawGvnf; awGU&w,f/ zl;wJh wyf&if;rSL;wpfOD;u csKHawG
wdkY xm;0,fom;awG todynmwdk; xm;ygw,f/ wHwm;atmufrSmpD;
uHaumif;vdkYayghAsm/ xGufwm;cJhwJh &Sif;xm;cJhzl;aMumif; od&ygw,f/
cJhygw,f/ 'DtvkyfHkaqG;aEG;yGJudk aewJh carmif;oG,facsmif;uawmh
zxD;udk t&rf;aus;Zl;wifygw,f/
vmwufwJh uRefawmfcspf&wJh u&if aumfzDa&mifaygufaejyefygNyD/
aevnf;ndKaeygNyD/ twlvu
kd f
xGufrwm;cJh&if ukefNyDeJYwlygw,f/ ygcJhwJh (OD;) apmcdkudk t&ifEIwfquf
vlrsKd;tpfudkawGeJYtwl xm;0,fNrdKU
twlvdkufydkYwJhtpfudkwpfOD;u
a&S;,Ofaus;rI omoemedu taqmuf cJhygw,f/ NyD;rS aemuftpfudkwpfOD;
u reufapmapmxGufcJhygw,f/
]]q&ma&? oMum;yJvdkawmhw,f}}vkdY
GDP? zGHUNzdK;a&; ... zGUH NzKd ;a&; ... zGUH NzKd ;a&;eJY
ttHak wG aysmufu,
G rf mS jzpfygw,f/ jzpfwJh (OD;) apmuJ'dkudk ojyKacsmif;
rdk;tukef aqmif;tul; reuf aemufygw,f/
aoG;csif;awGjzpfwJh a'ocH rSm EIwfqufygw,f/
cif;[m Munfvifat;jraeygw,f/
wHwm;xdyfutdrfrSmar;Munfh av? acsmif ; awG n pf n rf ; uk e f N yD /
kd nf; t&rf;
vrf;ckvwf yum&D(&Gm)rSm vufzuf awmh 'Da&udkyJ usKdaomufaMumif; acsmif;awGnpfawmh ... jrpfawGnpf u&ifwikd ;f &if;om;awGuv
'DrSm OD;uJ'dku ]]em;ygOD;q&m?
&nfaomufygw,f/ yum&D&Gmav; ajymygw,f/ pmwifxm;wmvnf; NyD/ acsmif;awG? jrpfawGudk rSDcdkaexdkif av;pm;rdygw,f/ olwdkYawG[m tck cPav;yg}} wJh/
wJh jynfolawGcsrf;omukefNyDvm;? tcsdefrSm Ak'bmom0ifawG r[kwf
qdkwm xm;0,fordkif;rSwfwrf;awG rsm;NyDwJh? bmrSrvkyfay;bl;wJhAsm/
tdrfxJ0ifoGm;NyD; jyefxGufvm
t& rdIif;um&DvdkY ac:ygw,f/ 'D&Gm
{&m0wDjrpfqu
kH wpfEikd if v
H ;kH eJY wdk;wufaeNyDvm;/ rD'D,mawGvm aomfvnf; a&S;bd;k bGm;awG&UJ tarGukd w,f/ tpfudk,lvmwJhypnf;awGudk
av;uqufomG ;&if xm;0,fom;awG qdkawmh trsKd;om;udpy g/ uRefawmf Muyg/ ar;Muyg/ a&;Muyg/ bmom tjrwfwEd;k av;pm;NyD; ysufp;D aysmuf Munfhvdkufawmh uRefawmfxckefrdyg
tjrwf w Ed k ; xm;wJ h usm;ck e f t d k i f wdkY weoFm&Dwdkif;a'oBuD;rSmvnf; omoemxGef;vif;ygap? jynfolawG uG,frSmrvdkvm;aMumif;? 'Dypnf; w,f / ausmuf v uf e uf E S p f c k e J Y
omoemhajrudk a&mufygw,f/ usm; weoFm&Djrpf? xm;0,fjrpfeJY avnm usef;rmcsrf;omygapvdkYqdkNyD; arwm awGudk xdawGU&rSmudkyif aMumuf&GHU ausmufuGif;wpfck aysmfvdkufwmAsm/
aMumif;? apwDta[mif;rsm;jzpfygu
ckeftdkifrSm a&S;uwnf;u a&mifpHk jrpf pwmawG&Sdygw,f/ xm;0,f NrdKUav;uae arwmydkYcJhygw,f/
uRefawmfvdkcsifaewm 'gawG/
arwmNrdKUav;uae ITD u jyef v nf w nf x m;ud k ; uG , f E d k i f tBudKordkif;taxmuftxm;awG/
ig;BuD;awGcdkvHI&mjzpfygw,f/ bk&m; jrpfu xm;0,fa'oeJY qdkifygw,f/
zl;vmMu? ig;pmauR;Mu? a&ul;MueJY weoFm&Djrpfuawmh weoFm&Dwdkif; azmufxm;wJhvrf;twdkif; ra&muf aMumif; qdkygw,f/
'g igwdkY,Ofaus;rIawG? tajctae
zl;wmeJY oGm;cJhygw,f/ wpfrdkifausmf
rGef;vGJ 2 em&Dxdk;awmhrSmjzpf taMumif;aMumif;aMumifh xm;0,fvkd
aysmfp&m? ESpfoufp&ma'oav;yg/ a'oBuD;wpfckvHk;eJY qdkifygw,f/
ig;awGMunfhOD;r,fqdkNyD; usm;
weoFm&DjrpfjzpfvmapwJh acsmif; ausmfoGm;NyD;&if uvufBuD;aus;&Gm wJhtwGuf ajr;cHabmf&Gmudk quf ta&SUawmvdkYac:wJh arwme,fajr
cket
f ikd rf mS cPem;ygw,f/ aygufwikd ;f ESpfacsmif;&Sdygw,f/ bef;acsmif;eJY tydkifxJudka&mufygw,f/ uRefawmfh xGucf yhJ gw,f/ ajr;cHabmf&mG udak &muf udk uRefawmfavhvmcGifhr&cJhygbl;/
acsmif;a&[m aumfzDa&mifaygufae
tck pawGUNyD/ uRefawmfhaoG;csif;awG
a&Munfaysmuf a&aemufoGm;wJh usm;ckeftkdif
b0yifowKvkyfuGuftcsKdU
ygw,f/ tNrJ&Sdaeus ig;BuD;awGudk
taMumif; azmfxkwfEdkifawmhr,f/
rawGU&ygbl;/ a&aemufaevdYk rawGU
ta&twGufenf;ayr,fh r&Sdbl;vdkY
&wmxifwmeJY bkef;BuD;ausmif;u
ajymvdkYr&awmhbl;/ tp&SdNyD quf
tpfudkwpfa,mufudk ar;Munfhrdyg
vkyf&awmhr,f/
w,f/ a&aemufaevdkY ig;awGrvm
ajymzd k Y w pf c k u sef c J h y gw,f /
aMumif;? a&Munfwt
hJ nmzsm;acsmif;
reufu xrif;pm;zdkY ajr;cHabmfudk
bufa&mufaeaMumif; ajymygw,f/
vmwkef; ojyKacsmif;rSm cP0ifem;
acsmif;a& bmaMumifhaemuf
ygw,f/ tJ'DrSmvnf; zm;pnftusKd;
aeaMumif;ar;wJt
h cg b0yifrikd ;f wGi;f
ESpcf u
k kd awGUcJ&h ygao;w,f/ zm;pnf
ua&awG0ifvmwmvdkY ajymygw,f/
[m u&ifwdkif;&if;om;awG&JU txif
'Dvekd YcJ &D;qufcyhJ gw,f/ oCFe;f
&S m ;qH k ; d k ; &myp n f ; jzpf y gw,f /
wHk;&Gmav;udk ausmfNyD;&if oHk;xyf
us,fus,fjyefYjyefYajym&&if ta&SU
auGUudak &mufygw,f/ 'Dae&mav;rSm carmif;oG,facsmif; jzpfygw,f/ udk t"dua&mufapcsifwJhae&myg/ wJt
h cg 'kua &mufygw,f/ trsK;d om; awmiftm&SwpfckvHk;vdkvdkrSm awGU&
qDyifausmif; (rif;&yf&Gm)u q&m arwmNrdKUuawmh 'Dacsmif;qHkrSm&Sd oGm;MunfhwJhtcg tHhMo0rf;om&yg 'Drdkua&pDtzGJUcsKyf NLD tpnf; ygw,f/
awmfBuD; OD;aqmifNyD; omoempnfyif wmyg/ carmif;oG,facsmif;xJudk w,f/ a&S;ajrukef;a[mif;BuD;ESpfck ta0;udk reufuvkyfw,fvdkY qdkyg
xm;0,fudkjyefzdkY OD;uJ'dkudk
f pforQ acwarhomG ;ygw,f/ w,f/ uRefawmfhudk ygwDEdkifiHa&; EIwfqufvdkufygw,f/ ojyKacsmif;
jyefYyGm;a&;twGuf apwDwnf? ausmif; [dELacsmif;pD;0ifNyD; bef;acsmif;xJ yg/ pdwn
Zmwfvrf;u 'Dvdkyg/ vGefcJhwJh vkyfw,fvdkY pGyfpGJcH&wm rMumao; u xGufvmNyD; rMumcifrSmbJ rdk;&Gm
aqmuf? y|mef;&GwfyGJawG aqmif&Guf udk [dEm;acsmif;pD;0ifygw,f/ [dEL
aeygw,f/ uReaf wmfu q&mawmfBu;D acsmif;eJY [dEm;acsmif;awGu [dEm; ES p f y wf a vmuf u ITD u vrf ; bl ; av/ tazu NLD Ou | ? vmygw,f / at;csrf ; awmh r ,f h
wynfhqdkawmh ulnD&avh&Sdygw,f/ owKwGif;a'ou pD;vmwmvdkYqdk azmufzdkY ajr&Sif;cJhygw,f/ ajrBuD; om;BuD;u jynfolYppfacgif;aqmif? edrdwfyJvdkY awG;vdkufrdygw,f/
ukef;awG z,fxkwfzdkYvkyfygw,f/ &yf&GmrSm tm;udk;&ol? om;i,fu
awmifwufc&D;qd&k if em;cd&k momoemh ygw,f/
Nidrf;csrf;a&;&JUtusKd;aus;Zl;?
ajryg/ a&ul;NyD;vdkY tdyfaumif;wJh
weoFm&DjrpfjzpfapwJh carmif; 'Dtcsdefu uvufBuD;&GmrS zxD; tkyfcsKyfa&;rSL;vkyfaewJh rdom;pkudk a&S ; ,Of a us;rI r sm;awG U &S d & jcif ; ?
ae&mav;yg/
oG,facsmif;eJY bef;acsmif;uawmh wpfOD;u xGufwm;cJhygw,f/ 'gbdk; uRefawmfauseyfrdygw,f/ om;awG acsmif;awGnpfnrf;wmawGeJYtwl
tckawmh acsmif;a&[m aumfzD aumfzDa&mifjzpfaeygNyD/ 'gqdk&if ab;awG&UJ txdr;f trSwjf zpfaMumif;? u uRefawmfhwynfhawGyg/ 'geJY arwme,fajrxJuae xGufcGmvm
a&mifaygufaejyefygNyD/ omoemudk weoFm&DjrpfBuD;aum? weoFm&Djrpf u&ifvdk cdkyavm (jrefrmvdk apwD tkyfcsKyfa&;rSL;udk ajym&w,f/
ygw,f/ 'gawGudk avmu"rvdkYqdk&
xdef;odrf;aewJh oHCmawG a&tcuf BuD;[m b,folrS ravhvm&ao;wJh vG i f j yif - apwD j yif ) ac:aMumif ;
]]ig owif;ydkYygw,f/ NLD rSmvm;? vlwpfpk&JU BuD;yGm;csrf;om
tcJawGUae&ygNyD/ om,mat;csr;f wJh tysKdpifjrpfjzpfygw,f/ olU&JUtusKd; ajymqdkcJhygw,f/ 'geJY ITD u &yf eJY bmrSrqdkifygbl;}} [k rdom;pkawG a&;twGuf vltrsm;pk&JU bmom?
omoemhe,fajrwpfckxyfNyD; 'ku aus;Zl;u weoFm&Dwdkif;a'oBuD; xm;vdkufygw,f/ tcka'ocHawGu 0dik ;f &,fav&JU? Nidr;f csr;f jcif;&JU aus;Zl; omoem? b0&yfwnfrIawG ay;qyf
awGUaejyefygNyD/ w&m;&SmolawG omru rav;uRef;qG,ftwGuf tultnDawmif;wmeJY uRefawmf jzpfygw,f/
&rSmvm;/ tawG;awGu IyfaxG;ae
vdkufMunfhrdwmyg/
b,fvdkaexdkif&ygrvJ/ jrefrmwdkif; ta&;ygvSygw,f/
xrif;pm;NyD;awmh 3 em&Dxdk; wmyJ/
uRefawmfaysmfwmrS b,fvdk ygNyD / 'geJ Y anmif w k e f ; aus;&G m ?
&if ; om;awG [ m Ak ' b momud k
arw m e,f a jrxJ u a'ocH
NyD;awmh aygufwdkif;acsmif;?
toufxufwefzdk;xm;ygw,f/
xm;0,f j rpf x J u d k pD ; 0if y gw,f / ajym&rvJAsm/ ajrukef;BuD;awG[m urdwf&Gmopfydkif;rSm&SdaewJh apwD jynfoal wGtwGuf tm;vH;k u arwm
arwmNrdKUav;udka&mufawmh xm;0,fjrpfBuD;aum usef;rma&; MunfhHkeJY vlvkyfxm;w,fqdkwm od ukef;a[mif;udk 0ifMunfhMuygw,f/ xm;MuygvdkY arwm&yfcHcsifygw,f/
reuf 11 em&Davmuf&Sdygw,f/ ae aumif;ygOD;rvm;/ weoFm&DNrdKUom; omygw,f/ uGif;jyifxJrSm oD;jcm; ukef;u ayoHk;q,favmufBuD;NyD;
uvnf ; yl v mygNyD / &if r S m vnf ; awGu rdk;wGif;qdk&if xm;0,fudk wnf&Sdaewmyg/ yxrukef;BuD; ay q,fayausmfjrifhygw,f/ tv,feJY
q&maZmf (pdwfynm)
ql v mygNyD / arw m Nrd K Uav;xJ u d k ar;wwfw,f/ rd;k BuD;? rBuD; xm;0,f 40 cefYjrifhNyD; tcsif;ay 100 ausmf ab;awGrSm wl;&mawGawGU&ygw,f/
0ifvmcJhayr,fh rNidrf;at;EdkifcJhyg rSmrdk;rsm;&if weoFm&DrSm a&BuD;NyD BuD;ygw,f/ xdyfwnfhwnfhrSm vl
bl;/ arwmNrdKUav;u weoFm&D av/ tckxm;0,frmS aumfzaD &mifjzpf wl;xm;wJh usif;&Sdygw,f/ tayguf
jrpfqHkrSm&Sdygw,f/ xm;0,fpDrHudef; aeNyDav/ weoFm&Dom;awGukd a&oefY wpfckudk &Sif;MunfhwJhtcg tkwfawG
awGU&ygw,f/
&JU uefxdkufwm tDwmvsH-xdkif; wkef; w0oHk;xm;zdkY ajym&OD;r,f/
'Dukef;BuD;&JUtaemufbuf ay
aiG ... aiG ... aiG? GDP ... GDP?
(ITD) u aqmufxm;wJh weoFm&D