A Detailed Lesson Plan in Biology For Second Year High School Final Demonstration February 29, 2012-04-11 I.

OBJECTIVES: At the end of the period, the students are expected to: 1. Identify the components of a DNA molecule 2. Describe a structure of DNA molecule

II. SUBJECT MATTER: Topic: DNA Structure Time Allotment: Diwa Textbooks. High School Science Today. Diwa learning Systems Inc. Pages 180-181 Science and Technology Biology Texbook II. Book media Press Inc. Pages 184-186 Science Concepts: DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid, According to Crick and Watson, DNA is a double helix consisting of double strands. DNA has building blocks of nucleotides. Nucleotides consist of the phosphate, sugar and nitrogenous bases. Nitrogenous bases include the adenine, cytosine, guanine and thymine. III. LEARNING STRATEGIES TEACHERS ACTIVITY C. PRE-ASSESSMENT 1. PRAYER Good morning class. Will you please pick up the pieces of paper and candy wrappers and please arrange your chairs Can somebody lead the prayer? 2. CHECKING OF ATTENDANCE Is everyone around? Who is absent? Who is late? 3. CHECKING OF ASSIGMENT What is your assignment about? Pass your assignment forward. REVIEW OF THE PAST LESSON LESSON PROPER A. Motivation Remember your chromosome? What composes your chromosome? STUDENTS ACTIVITY

What is a DNA? DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITY Procedure: 1. Provided with different sequences, analyze the structure of the DNA. 2. Answer the guide questions. 3. The activity should be submitted 10 minutes after the time starts. And each group is given 2 minutes to present their work. 4. Refer to the rubric for the basis of your grade. GUIDE QUESTION: 1. What are the components of a nucleotide? 2. How many kinds of bases do you see in your DNA? 3. Give the base pairs of the following nucleotide bases. ACGT4. Is there a chance for a base G to pair with A? What about T to C? 5. How many strands are there in your DNA? 6. Does each strand of DNA go in opposite direction or anti-parallel or they go same direction (parallel)? 7. Suppose the DNA is a ladder, what will make up the steps of the ladder? What about its sides? PRESENTATION (Students present their work) DISCUSSION (TEACHER INPUT) What are the components of a nucleotide?

A nucleotide is composed of the phosphate, sugar and the nitrogenous bases. The adenine, cytosine, guanine and thymine. Adenine and Thymine Cytosine and Guanine and vice versa. N. Because Adenine always pairs with Thymine and cytosine with Guanine. There are two strands.

What are nitrogenous bases? Give the pairs of each nucleotide base

Is there a chance for a base G to pair Each strand goes in

with A?

opposite direction. If DENA is a ladder, its steps are the nitrogenous bases while its sides are the phosphate and sugar.

How many strands does the DNA have?

Does each strand of DNA go in opposite direction or go with the same DNA is composed of direction? nucleotides. Nucleotides consists the phosphate, Suppose the DNA is a ladder, what will sugar, the nitrogenous make up the steps of the ladder? What bases. The nitrogenous about its sides? bases include the adenine, cytosine, guanine and thymine. These bases has GENERALIZATION its complimentary pairs in What composes the DNA? which they are always paired with, like adenine is paired with thymine and cytosine is paired with guanine.

APPLICATION Is there a chance that your DNA will break? What will be its effects to you? What if there will be mis-pairing of the bases?

IV. EVALUAION FOR NUMBERS 1-4, identify the following: Given the following sequence of bases, supply the complimentary bases Fill in the blanks. The building blocks of DNA are known as_______. It is made of ______strands. It looks like a twisted ladder according to the DNA model by ______and ______. The steps of the ladder is represented by the ________of the nucleotide, while the sides of the ladder is represented by the _____and _____. ________is known as the genetic material.

V. ASSIGNMENT Bring the following materials for tomorrows activity on constructing a DNA model. -6 different colors of art paper - scissors -pentel pen -3-5 sheets of short bond papers -glue -pentel pen CRITERIA Time Managem ent Team Work Presentati on RUBRIC FOR GROUP ACTIVITY POINTS 3 2 The output is The output is submitted on time submitted 1-2 allotted. minutes late. All members are 1-2 members are participating. not participating. Output is neat, presentable, thoroughly discussed and no mistakes. Output is neat, presentable and has 1-2 mistakes.

1 The output is submitted 3minutes late. When 3 members are not participating. Output is dirty, not presentable, needs further explanation and has 2-3 mistakes.

Student Teacher: DELIGHT A. PADAYON Date: March 1, 2012-04-11 Subject: Biology Time: 9:10-10:10am Year and Section: II-Champaca Cooperating Teacher: Mrs. Mary Ann E. Canoy A detailed Lesson Plan in Biology For Second Year High School I. Objectives: At the end of the lesson, the students are expected to: 1. Identify traits of garden peas as observed by Gregor Mendel; 2. Differentiate homozygous from heterozygous and genotype from phenotype. 3. Use key letters in representing the traits of an organism or individual. Subject Matter: Topic: Mendelian Genetics Time Allotment: 1 hr/day Reference: Capco, C.M. and Yang, G.C (2010). Biology. 3rd ed. Quezon City: Phoenix. Pp. 246-248. Materials: Illustration, pictures, visual-aides Science Concepts: Gregor Mendel was then regarded as the Father of Science of genetics. If a certain trait in the organism is the same, the organism is said to be homozygous for that trait. If the alleles for the same trait are different, the organism is said to be heterozygous. Genotype is the genetic make-up of an organism. Phenotype is the physical appearance of an organism. Allele is the letter representation of the allele gene. Learning Strategies: Teachers Activity A. Pre-Assessment Prayer Good morning class! Checking of Attendance Collection of Assignments Review of Past lesson What is genetics? Students Activity

II.

III.

Good morning Maam.

Genetics is the study of heredity and variations. What is heredity and variation? Heredity is the transmission of traits from parents to offspring. Variation is a significant deviation from the normal biological form, function, or structure. B. Lesson Proper Motivation

Do you have a brother or a sister? Do you look alike, or do you appear different in some ways? How? Why are you the same? From whom did you get the color of your eyes? How will you call the characteristics being observed? What do you mean by traits? The passing of characteristics from parents to offspring was discovering a long time ago. (show a picture of Gregor Mendel) Do you know who this is? Yes. Erkent? Very Good, erkent! Why is he called the father of genetics? Yes, Mahdi? Very good, Mahdi. What plant did Mendel use? (Show a picture of garden peas?) Why did he choose peas in conducting his experiment? Yes, Elena?

Yes maam! Yes Maam. We look alike. We have the same eyes and also face.

From our parents. These are traits Maam. Trait is a distinguish characteristics or quality, especially of ones personal nature.

He is Gregor Mendel Maam, the father of Genetics.

He is the one who studied how the characteristics from parents are transmitted to their offspring. Mendel used the garden peas.

Mendel used peas in his experiment for the following reasons: Peas grow quickly, they reproduce by self-pollination, they also possess characteristics that can easily be recognized like height, color of flowers and shaped of seeds, pollination could be controlled in this group of plants with minimum work, and garden peas could also produce enough offspring to conduct a study.

Very Good, Elina! What are the seven traits of the pea Plants that Mendel studied? Yes Darlene?

These are the traits of the pea plants studied by Mendel: Seed shape: round or wrinkle Seed color: yellow or green Flower: purple or white Pod shape: inflated or constricted Pod color: green or yellow Flower position: axial or terminal Stem length: tall or short Dominant traits appeared recessive traits were hidden. and

Very Good, Darlene! When Mendel crossed pollination the two traits, what was the result? What do you mean by a Dominant trait? Yes, Japar. Very Good! How about the recessive trait, daa? Very Good! What are the dominant traits you have observed in your family? What about the recessive traits you have observed in your family? What controls the traits in pea plants? What is a Gene? Yes, Mary Faith? Very Good! Going back to Mendels finding, each trait has two copies of the gene

Dominant Trait is a trait that appears in the offspring of one of the parents contributes it. Recessive trait is a that must be contributed by both parents in order to appear in the offspring. Most of us have straight hair and right handed. The recessive traits are most of us having a curly hair and left handed. Gene controls the traits in pea plants. A Gene is a unit of heredity in a living organism. It normally carries traits of an individual.

For example, the pea plant from Mendels experiments, what are the genes for seed shape?

IV.