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Agenda 21
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Agenda 21 is a non-binding, voluntarily implemented action plan of the United Nations with regards to sustainable development. It is a product of the UN Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 1992. It is an action agenda for the UN, other multilateral organizations, and individual governments around the world that can be executed at local, national, and global levels. The "21" in Agenda 21 refers to the 21st century. It has been affirmed and modified at subsequent UN conferences.
Agenda 21
Contents
1 Structure and contents 1.1 Section I: Social and Economic Dimensions 1.2 Section II: Conservation and Management of Resources for Development 1.3 Section III: Strengthening the Role of Major Groups 1.4 Section IV: Means of Implementation 2 Development and evolution of Agenda 21 2.1 Rio+5 (1997) 2.2 Rio+10 (2002) 2.3 Agenda 21 for culture (2002) 2.4 Rio+20 (2012) 3 Implementation of Agenda 21 3.1 Local Agenda 21 4 Agenda 21 at national level 4.1 Agenda 21 in the United States 4.1.1 Opposition in the United States 5 See also 6 References 7 External links
Cover of the first edition (paperback) Author(s) Cover artist Country Language United Nations United Nations (1992) United States English, Chinese, Japanese, Russian, French, Spanish Genre(s) Publisher Publication date Media type Pages ISBN Print (Paperback) & HTML 300 pp 978-9211005097 Non-fiction United Nations April 23, 1993
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Rio+5 (1997)
In 1997, the UN General Assembly held a special session to appraise the status of Agenda 21 (Rio +5). The Assembly recognized progress as "uneven" and identified key trends, including increasing globalization, widening inequalities in income, and continued deterioration of the global environment. A new General Assembly Resolution (S-19/2) promised further action.
Rio+10 (2002)
Main article: World Summit on Sustainable Development The Johannesburg Plan of Implementation, agreed at the World Summit on Sustainable Development (Earth Summit 2002) affirmed UN commitment to "full implementation" of Agenda 21, alongside achievement of the Millennium Development Goals and other international agreements.
Rio+20 (2012)
Main article: United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development In 2012, at the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development the attending members reaffirmed
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their commitment to Agenda 21 in their outcome document called "The Future We Want".
Implementation of Agenda 21
The Commission on Sustainable Development acts as a high-level forum on sustainable development and has acted as preparatory committee for summits and sessions on the implementation of Agenda 21. The UN Division for Sustainable Development acts as the secretariat to the Commission and works "within the context of" Agenda 21. Implementation by member states remains essentially voluntary and its adoption has varied.
Local Agenda 21
See also: International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives The implementation of Agenda 21 was intended to involve action at international, national, regional and local levels. Some national and state governments have legislated or advised that local authorities take steps to implement the plan locally, as recommended in Chapter 28 of the document. These programs are often known as "Local Agenda 21" or "LA21".[2] For example, in the Philippines, the plan is "Philippines Agenda 21" (PA21). The group, ICLEI-Local Governments for Sustainability, formed in 1990; today its members come from 1,200 cities, towns, and counties in 70 countries and is widely regarded as a paragon of Agenda 21 implementation.[3] In other countries, opposition to Agenda 21's ideas has surfaced to varied extents. In some cases, opposition has been legislated into several States limiting or forbidding the participation and/or funding of local government activities that support Agenda 21.[4]
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See also
Ecologically sustainable development EarthCheck Earth Summit Education for sustainable development Global Map ICLEI Local Governments for Sustainability USA International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives Millennium Development Goals National Strategy for a Sustainable America Polytely
References
1. ^ Agenda 21 for culture (http://www.agenda21culture.net) 2. ^ Manchester Metropolitan University (http://www.ace.mmu.ac.uk/eae/sustainability/Older /Local_Agenda21.html) 3. ^ a b c Kaufman, Leslie; Kate Zernike (3 February 2012). "Activists Fight Green Projects, Seeing U.N. Plot" (http://www.nytimes.com/2012/02/04/us/activists-fight-green-projects-seeing-un-plot.html?pagewanted=all) . New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2012/02/04/us/activists-fight-green-projects-seeing-
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un-plot.html?pagewanted=all. Retrieved 15 August 2012. ^ a b Newman, Alex (4 June 2012). "Alabama Adopts First Official State Ban on UN Agenda 21" (http://www.thenewamerican.com/tech/environment/item/11592-alabama-adopts-first-official-state-ban-onun-agenda-21) . The New American. http://www.thenewamerican.com/tech/environment/item/11592-alabamaadopts-first-official-state-ban-on-un-agenda-21. Retrieved 15 August 2012. ^ UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs. "Areas of Work - National Information by Country or Organization" (http://www.un.org/esa/dsd/dsd_aofw_ni/ni_index.shtml?utm_source=OldRedirect& utm_medium=redirect&utm_content=dsd&utm_campaign=OldRedirect) . United Nations. http://www.un.org /esa/dsd/dsd_aofw_ni/ni_index.shtml?utm_source=OldRedirect&utm_medium=redirect&utm_content=dsd& utm_campaign=OldRedirect. Retrieved 15 August 2012. ^ a b ICLEI. "ICLEI Local Governments for Sustainability: Global Members" (http://www.iclei.org /index.php?id=11454) . http://www.iclei.org/index.php?id=11454. Retrieved 15 August 2012. ^ Act for Australia. "Threats to Freedom: Agenda 21" (http://www.actforaustralia.com/articles/threats-freedomagenda-21) . http://www.actforaustralia.com/articles/threats-freedom-agenda-21. Retrieved 15 August 2012. ^ Laporte, Sbastien (12 March 2012). "Agenda 21 : l'opposition n'y voit qu'une imposture " (http://www.lunion.presse.fr/article/marne/agenda-21-lopposition-ny-voit-quune-imposture) (in French). l'Union: Champagne, Ardenne, Picardie. http://www.lunion.presse.fr/article/marne/agenda-21-lopposition-ny-voit-quuneimposture. Retrieved 15 August 2012. ^ "Namibian president calls for implementation of Agenda 21" (http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2002-09 /02/content_547409.htm) . Xinhua News Agency. 2 September 2002. http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2002-09 /02/content_547409.htm. Retrieved 15 August 2012. ^ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9MxMif1tBVk Nancy Pelosi Support for Agenda 21 ^ http://www.un.org/esa/agenda21/natlinfo/countr/usa/natur.htm ^ Jamison, Peter (August 30, 2012). "Fears of Agenda 21 go mainstream in the Republican Party platform" (http://www.tampabay.com/news/politics/national/article1248666.ece) . Tampa Bay Times. http://www.tampabay.com/news/politics/national/article1248666.ece. Retrieved October 23, 2012. ^ "Republican Platform 2012" (http://www.gop.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/2012GOPPlatform.pdf) . Republican Party (United States). http://www.gop.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/2012GOPPlatform.pdf. Retrieved October 23, 2012. ^ Tennessee House Joint Resolution 587 (http://wapp.capitol.tn.gov/apps/BillInfo /Default.aspx?BillNumber=HJR0587) ^ Kansas resolution HR 6032 (http://kslegislature.org/li/b2011_12/year2/measures/hr6032/) ^ Colfax City Council Resolution 12-2012 (http://www.ci.colfax.ca.us/3-Docs/PDF/Agenda /4-11-12%20Agenda.pdf) ^ New Hampshire HB 1634 (http://www.gencourt.state.nh.us/bill_status/bill_status.aspx?lsr=2669&sy=2012& txtsessionyear=2012&txtbillnumber=HB1634) ^ a b c "Tea Party Activists Fight Agenda 21, Seeing Threatening U.N. Plot" (http://www.huffingtonpost.com /2012/10/15/agenda-21-tea-party_n_1965893.html?utm_hp_ref=politics) . 15 October 2012. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/10/15/agenda-21-tea-party_n_1965893.html?utm_hp_ref=politics. Retrieved 16 October 2012. ^ Hinkes-Jones, Llewellyn (29 August 2012). "The Anti-Environmentalist Roots of the Agenda 21 Conspiracy Theory" (http://www.theatlanticcities.com/politics/2012/08/anti-environmentalist-roots-agenda-21-conspiracytheory/3091/) . http://www.theatlanticcities.com/politics/2012/08/anti-environmentalist-roots-agenda21-conspiracy-theory/3091/. Retrieved 16 October 2012.
Lenz, Ryan (Spring 2012). "Antigovernment Conspiracy Theorists Rail Against UNs Agenda 21 Program" (http://www.splcenter.org/get-informed/intelligence-report/browse-all-issues/2012/spring /behind-the-green-mask) . Intelligence Report (Southern Poverty Law Center) (145). http://www.splcenter.org/get-informed/intelligence-report/browse-all-issues/2012/spring/behindthe-green-mask. Strzelczyk, Scott; Rothschild, Richard (October 28, 2009). "UN Agenda 21 - Coming to a Neighborhood near You" (http://www.americanthinker.com/2009/10 /un_agenda_21_coming_to_a_neigh.html) . American Thinker. http://www.americanthinker.com /2009/10/un_agenda_21_coming_to_a_neigh.html.
External links
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Agenda 21 website of the United Nations (http://www.un.org/esa/dsd/agenda21/) . Agenda 21 text (http://www.un.org/esa/sustdev/agenda21text.htm) . Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Agenda_21&oldid=522991727" Categories: International environmental organizations United Nations documents 1992 in international relations Conspiracy theories This page was last modified on 14 November 2012 at 13:54. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. See Terms of Use for details. Wikipedia is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
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