The apparent acceleration of the universal

expansion
José Luís Pereira Rebelo Fernandes

Rebelofernandes@sapo.pt

After defining the curvature of the time under the action of a gravitational
field, we are able to study what impact the analysis of the speed of expansion
of the universe, caused by the dilation of time due to the increase in severity,
the fruit of this expansion.


 = 

Introduction
 
Let us review the theory, developed for the curvature
of the time under the action of a gravitational field.
the value of  would be smaller, locally then the
Considering that in the initial phase of the universe
For this theory we will focus on the development of speed of light in the initial phase was much higher
different characteristics caused by the universal than today.
extension of time.
It makes sense, accept the principle of variable speed
As we already know. of light, because in the world, regardless of location,
the reading of the speed of light in the past was much
higher than what can be measured today.
   √

  =
=  = √

   Just as we read a lower speed of light, all speeds will

also be read in a lower value.

 √ This will cause the speed of translation and the Earth

 √
= because we know the frequency is the or the Moon will appear in slower not because they
inverse of time. slowed down, but because our time will increase.

The variation of the speed of light over On the local mass what will happen:
time.

 = 

From the above we conclude that when a locally 
variable gravitational increases also increases the
time:
-We then analyze what is happening
With the expansion of the universe the variable locally with the wavelength of the photons
gravitational local increases in proportion to the received:
growth of the universe.
   =  √
 

 = 
 
 

 
  =  √
 
As for the whole always remains the relationship:

  =   
  
 =  √



 =   
 √
=  √


1
RebeloFernandes
 
√  √ 

As:



 > 1
The wavelength of will given by: 

 √    > 


 
Taking into account the Doppler effect:
√
Do not forget to consider constant C, which is wrong



but so far considered academically right.

 

RF's relativity:
√



    = 
!

Once the universe expands to a constant speed.

! !
>
What is the error that was committed to
" > "
conclude that the universe is expanding
accelerate?

Einstein's relativity:
When measuring the characteristics of the radiation of

#!
 = 

light coming from stars, which is measured is the

!
frequency of radiation.

As currently still considering the constant speed of

light, then we have to wave length:
# ! # !

 !
>

 !

 
√

 is regarded as constant, then we have: " > "

C = C That is, apparently the expansion of the universe
is accelerating.
As:

This error, as we come to consider C in and not
√  √ 

the correct value given by:

  = 


So we have:
  

√




   
José Luís Pereira Rebelo Fernandes

 Porto, 29/01/20089

2
RebeloFernandes