SCHOOL OF NATURAL SCIENCES BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY/MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE PROGRAM COURSE SYLLABUS S.Y.

2012 - 2013 I. II. COURSE NUMBER: COURSE TITLE: CLNCEM1/L Clinical Chemistry 1 4 units (3 units lecture, 1 unit laboratory)

III.

COURSE DESCRIPTION: The course deals with the quantitative measurement of biochemical substances found in body fluids essentially blood. This involves the knowledge and understanding of the basic concepts and principles of their metabolism, laboratory analyses, and pathophysiology. Quality assurance and safety are given due emphasis. COURSE PRE-REQUISITE: Biochemistry, Human Anatomy and Physiology PLACEMENT: Third Year

IV. V. VI.

INSTITUTIONAL VISION, MISSION AND OBJECTIVES VISION In pursuit of perfection, the University of Baguio is committed to provide balanced quality education by nurturing academic excellence, relevant social skills and ethical values in a fun-learning environment. MISSION The University of Baguio educates individuals to be empowered professionals in a global community. OBJECTIVES The university of Baguio aims to produce a graduate who: 1. exemplifies a higher standard of learning; 2. manifests the mastery of relevant skills; 3. upholds a conduct that is rightful and just; 4. undertakes scientific and significant researches; 5. advocates sustainable programs for the community and the environment; and 6. leads and demonstrates exemplary performance in the field of specialization.

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SCHOOL MISSION AND OBJECTIVES MISSION The School of Natural Sciences is a dynamic and value-oriented community committed to the advancement of the modern health care system. OBJECTIVES The School of Natural Sciences is an environment conducive to learning which aims to produce a graduate who: 1. competes globally in delivering state-of-the-art health care services; 2. adapts a strong sense of social responsibility and accountability in a diverse culture; 3. undertakes relevant scientific researches for self and community advancement; and 4. advocates healthy lifestyle for total wellness.

Subject code: CLNCEM1

Descriptive title: Pure Blood Chemistry(3u lecture & 1u laboratory)

Effectivity: 1st Semester, SY 2012-2013

Date Revised 28 May 2012

Prepared by: MT/MLS DEPARTMENT Noted by: Noted by: SNS-EPS-05282012 ERLINDA PLAN SANCHEZ, RMT,LlB,MPA Program Chair-MT/MLS

Approved by: SNS-JKKL-05282012 JANICE KAYLYN KILEY-LONOGAN, RMT,RT,AMT,EdD Dean, School of Natural Sciences

Page 1 of 7

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DETAILED COURSE OUTLINE: LECTURE Program Objectives Specific Course Objectives At the end of this unit, the student is able to: 1. Define terms in clinical chemistry; 2. Identify the duties of a Med Tech in the Clinical Chemistry section; 3. Describe the functions of the measuring devices in terms of when and how to use them; 4. Cite the differences among the different measuring devices used in Clinical Chemistry ; 5. Correctly use pipettes (for measurement and delivery of liquid) & weighing balance At the end of this unit, the student is able to: 1. Compute for Normality, Molarity and % solutions; 2. Carry out unit conversions; 3. Prepare various dilutions of samples and chemicals. Subject matter I. Introduction 1. Scope of Clinical Chemistry 1.1 Overview 1.2 Importance 1.3 Role of Medical Technologists 1.4 Definition of terms Strategies Lecture Discussion/ Dialogue Power point presentations Individual reading assignments with written report Measurement and Evaluation Recitation Written test based on given reading assignment Time Allotment 3 hours LABORATORY Expt. No. and Time Title allotment Expt. # 1: Instrument Used in Clinical Chemistry 1 3 hrs PRC MATRIX Reagent Preparation & Laboratory Mathematics: 5%

School Objectives 1, 2

1, 3

II. Laboratory Mathematics 1. Laboratory Mathematics 1.1. Unit conversions 1.2. Percent solutions 1.3. Normality 1.4. Molarity 1.5. Dilutions 1.6. pH and pOH

Lecture Discussion/ Dialogue Power point presentations Individual reading assignments with written report Board work Assignments Seatwork Lecture Discussion/ Dialogue Power point presentations Individual reading assignments with written report

Recitation Written test based on the lecture, dialogue, presentations, & given reading assignment Recitation Return Demo Practical Exams Performance Checklist Return demonstration of laboratory procedures/ Quota performance/ Practical Exam. Recitation Written test Unit test

2 hours

Expt. # 2: Pipetting and Calibration of Pipets

6 hours

Reagent Preparation & Laboratory Mathematics: 5%

1, 2, 3, 4

At the end of this unit, the student is able to: 1. Apply the universal precautions; 2. Discuss the different laboratory hazards; 3. Demonstrate laboratory safety practices and proper waste disposal; 4. Cite the significance of laboratory waste management.

III. Laboratory Safety 1. Universal Precautions 2. Laboratory Hazards 2.1. Biological 2.4. Fire 2.2. Chemical 2.5. Radiation 2.3. Electrical; 2.6. Others

3 hours

Laboratory Safety: 5%L

Subject code: CLNCEM1

Descriptive title: Pure Blood Chemistry(3u lecture & 1u laboratory)

Effectivity: 1st Semester, SY 2012-2013

Date Revised 28 May 2012

Prepared by: MT/MLS DEPARTMENT Noted by: SNS-EPS-05282012

Approved by:
SNS-JKKL-05282012

ERLINDA PLAN SANCHEZ, RMT,LlB,MPA

Program Chair-MT/MLS

JANICE KAYLYN KILEY-LONOGAN, RMT,RT,AMT,EdD

Dean, School of Natural Sciences

Page 2 of 7

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At the end of this unit, the student is able to: 1. Establish guidelines on acceptability of blood samples submitted to Clinical laboratory; 2. Cite the duties of a Medical Technologists with regards to proper specimen collection, processing, and handling; 3. Given a request slip, rationalize the steps to be undertaken in patient preparation and specimen collection, processing and handling; 5. Correctly perform venipuncture and finger-prick methods of blood collection; 6. Enumerate the precautions to be considered in proper specimen collection; 7. List the pre-analytical variables that may affect laboratory analyses & effects on test results; 8. Prepare serum/plasma and correctly label them. At the end of this unit, the student is able to: 1. Compute & establish the values of central tendencies, dispersions (x, SD, CV, etc) 2. Prepare guidelines on how to prevent the interference of preanalytic variables on test results 3. Explain the concepts of internal and external quality control programs

IV. Specimen Collection&Processing 1. Specimen 1.1. Types 1.1.1. Blood 1.1.3. Urine 1.1.2. CSF 1.1.4. Others 1.2. Collection and Labeling 1.3. Handling, Transport Processing, Storage and Preservation 2. Specimen Variables 2.1. Pre-analytical 2.1.1. Patient identification and preparation 2.1.2. Anticoagulants and preservatives 2.2. Analytical 2.3. Post-analytical V. Quality Management Lecture: 1. Introduction 1.1. Importance 2. Definition of Terms 3. Statistics 3.1. Descriptive 3.1.1. Mean 3.1.5. SD 3.1.2. Median 3.1.6. CV 3.1.3. Mode 3.1.7. SEM 3.1.4. Variance 3.2. Inferential 3.2.1. t tests 3.2.2. F tests 4. Quality Control Charts 4.1. Levey-Jennings 4.2. Westgard Rules 4.3. Six-sigma 4.4. Others 5. Intra-laboratory QC Monitoring 6. Proficiency Testing
Date Revised 28 May 2012

Lecture Discussion/ Dialogue Power point presentation Individual reading assignments with written report

Return demonstration of laboratory procedures/ Quota performance/ Practical Examination Recitation Written test Unit test

6 hours

Expt. # 3: Venipuncture Expt. #4: Sample Preparation Expt. #5: Preparation of a Protein Free Filtrate

6 hours

Specimen Collection: 5%

2, 3

Lecture Discussion/ Dialogue Power point presentation Individual reading assignments with written report

Return demonstration of laboratory procedures/ Quota performance/ Practical Examination Recitation Written test Unit test

6 hours

Expt. # 6: Calculation of Standard Deviation Expt. # 7: Constructing a Reference Calibration Curve

6 hours

Quality Assurance: 10%

Subject code: CLNCEM1

Descriptive title: Pure Blood Chemistry(3u lecture & 1u laboratory)

Effectivity: 1st Semester, SY 2012-2013

Prepared by: MT/MLS DEPARTMENT Noted by: SNS-EPS-05282012

Approved by:
SNS-JKKL-05282012

ERLINDA PLAN SANCHEZ, RMT,LlB,MPA

Program Chair-MT/MLS

JANICE KAYLYN KILEY-LONOGAN, RMT,RT,AMT,EdD

Dean, School of Natural Sciences

Page 3 of 7

2, 3

At the end of this unit, the student is able to: 1. Discuss the concepts & principles of instrumentation; 2. Enumerate the components of each instrument and their uses; 3. Differentiate instruments according to components, analytes measured & uses; operations; 4. Explain correctly proper specimen collection, handling and transport according to tests requested; 5. Use spectrophotometer, UV-Vis & IR spectrophotometer; 6. Discuss the principles & concepts & advantages of automation; 7. Classify the different types of automation used in Clinical Chemistry.

1, 2, 3, 4

At the end of this unit, the student is able to: 1. Define terms associated with CHO; 2. Describe CHO according to composition, classification and chemical properties; 3. Discuss the metabolism of CHO in the body; 4. Explain the mode of actions of different hormones in the maintenance of blood glucose levels; 5. Discuss the different processes involved in the maintenance of normal blood glucose; 6. Rationalize the considerations in patient preparation, specimen collection, transport and processing & handling; 7. Describe the specimen of choice, principle involved, and advantages of the different laboratory methods of glucose determination.
Descriptive title: Pure Blood Chemistry(3u lecture & 1u laboratory) Effectivity: 1st Semester, SY 2012-2013

7. Method Selection 8. Issues and Concerns VI. Instrumentation 1. Methods 1.1. Photometry 1.2. Spectrophotometry 1.2.1. AAS; 1.2.2 . FES 1.2.3. Reflectance Spectrophotometry 1.3. Nephelometry 1.4. Turbidimetry 1.5. Fluorometry 1.6. Electrophoresis 1.7. Chromatography 1.8. Ultracentrifugation 1.9. Chemiluminiscence 1.10. Electrochemistry 1.11.Immunochemistry 1.12. Dry Chemistry 2. Automation 3. Point of Care Testing 4. Current Trends VII. Carbohydrates 1. Biochemistry 1.1. Classification 1.2. Metabolism 2. Specimen Considerations 3. Glucose Measurement 3.1. Methods 3.2. Reference Range 4. Clinical Significance 4.1. Diabetes mellitus 4.2. Hyperglycemia 4.3. Hypoglycemia 4.4. Other related diseases 5. Tests for Diabetes mellitus 6. Monitoring Diabetic Patients 7. Detection of Acute Crisis Situations Hypoglycemia and Ketoacidosis
Date Revised 28 May 2012

Lecture Discussion/ Dialogue Power point presentation Individual reading assignments with written report

Return demonstration of laboratory procedures/ Quota performance/ Practical Examination Recitation Written test Unit test

7 hours

Expt. # 8: Colorimetry

6 hours

Instrumentation (Principles Methods, Calibration, Others): 5%

Lecture Discussion/ Dialogue Power point presentation Individual reading assignments with written report

Return demonstration of laboratory procedures/ Quota performance/ Practical Examination Recitation Written test Unit test

6hours

Expt. # 9: Glucose Determination in the Blood

3 hours

Carbohydrates 6%

Subject code: CLNCEM1

Prepared by: MT/MLS DEPARTMENT Noted by: SNS-EPS-05282012

Approved by:
SNS-JKKL-05282012

ERLINDA PLAN SANCHEZ, RMT,LlB,MPA

Program Chair-MT/MLS

JANICE KAYLYN KILEY-LONOGAN, RMT,RT,AMT,EdD

Dean, School of Natural Sciences

Page 4 of 7

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At the end of this unit, the student is able to: 1. Correlate test results with pathologic conditions given an electrophoresis pattern, identify and correlate abnormal result with pathologic findings; 2. Compute for the AG ratio and interpret test results with pathologic conditions; 3. Enumerate different types of amino acids; 4. Explain the process of amino acid synthesis and metabolism; 5. Discuss the different types of aminoacidopathies.

1, 2, 3, 4

At the end of this unit, the student is able to: 1. Define common termsassociated with renal function tests; 2. Enumerate the different non-protein nitrogen (NPN) substances present in the blood; 3. Discuss the sources, metabolism, formation and excretion of uric acid, urea, creatinine and ammonia; 4. Discuss the different factors that may affect the level of uric, urea, creatinine and ammonia in the blood; 5. Rationalize the requirements of specimen collection, transport, processing and handling;
Descriptive title: Pure Blood Chemistry(3u lecture & 1u laboratory) Effectivity: 1st Semester, SY 2012-2013

IX. Proteins 1. Biochemistry 1.1. Structure 1.2. Classification 1.3. Functions 1.4. Metabolism 2. Specimen Considerations 3. Measurement of Proteins 3.1. Methods 3.1.1. Colorimetric 3.1.2. Electrophoresis 3.2. Electrophoretic patterns 3.3. Reference Range 4. Clinical Significance 5. Amino acids 5.1. Types of amino acids 5.2. Disease correlations of amino acids 6. Plasma Proteins a. Prealbumin b. albumin c. Alpha1-globulins d. Alpha2-globulins e. Beta-globulins f. Gamma-globulins VIII. Non-Protein Nitrogen Compounds 1. Biochemistry 1.1. Types 1.1.1. Urea 1.1.2. Creatinine 1.1.3. Uric Acid 1.1.4. Ammonia 1.1.5. Amino acid 1.1.6. Others 1.2. Metabolism 2. Specimen Considerations 3. NPN Measurement 3.1. Methods 3.2. Reference Range
Date Revised 28 May 2012

Lecture Discussion/ Dialogue Power point presentation Individual reading assignments with written report

Return demonstration of laboratory procedures/ Quota performance/ Practical Examination Recitation Written test Unit test

5hours

Expt. # 13: Albumin, total Serum Proteins, A/G Ratio

3 hours

Specific Proteins: 6%

Lecture Discussion/ Dialogue Power point presentation Individual reading assignments with written report

Return demonstration of laboratory procedures/ Quota performance/ Practical Examination Recitation Written test Unit test

5hours

Expt. # 10: Blood Urea nitrogen Determina-tion Expt. # 11: Blood Uric Acid Determination Expt. # 12: Creatinine Determination

hours

NPN & other metabolic interme-diates & inorganic ions: 8%

Subject code: CLNCEM1

Prepared by: MT/MLS DEPARTMENT Noted by: SNS-EPS-05282012

Approved by:
SNS-JKKL-05282012

ERLINDA PLAN SANCHEZ, RMT,LlB,MPA

Program Chair-MT/MLS

JANICE KAYLYN KILEY-LONOGAN, RMT,RT,AMT,EdD

Dean, School of Natural Sciences

Page 5 of 7

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7. 1, 2, 3, 4

Describe the principle involved, advantages of the commonly used methods of uric, area, creatinine and ammonia determination; Recognize the effect of age and sex on the value of BUN, BUA, creatinine.

4. Clinical Significance 4.1. Uremia; Azotemia 4.2. Gout 4.3. Hepatic coma 4.4. Others 5. Other Kidney Function Tests X. Lipids and Lipoproteins 1. Biochemistry 1.1. Classification 1.1.1. Lipids 1.1.2. Lipoproteins 1.2. Functions 1.3. Metabolism 1. Fatty acids 2. Triglycerides 3. cholesterol 4. Phospholipids 5. Other lipids 6. lipoproteins 2. Specimen Considerations 3. Measurement of Lipids and Lipoproteins 3.1. Methods 3.1.1. Colorimetric 3.1.2. Electrophoresis 3.2. Electrophoretic patterns 3.3. Reference Range 4. Clinical Significance 4.1. Hyperlipidemia 4.2. Hyperlipoproteinemia 5. Lipoprotein phenotyping 6. Physiology 1. Exogenous Pathways 2. Endogenous Pathways 3. Reverse Cholesterol Transport Lecture Discussion/ Dialogue Power point presentation Individual reading assignments with written report Return demonstration of laboratory procedures/ Quota performance/ Practical Examination Recitation Written test Unit test 5hours Expt. # 14: Lipid Profile 3 hours Lipids & Dysproteinemia: 8%

At the end of this unit, the student is able to: 1. Describe terms associated with lipids 2. Describe lipids according to composition, classification, properties 3. Discuss the metabolism of lipids in the body 4. Rationalize the requirements regarding patient preparations; specimen collection; transport processing and handling 5. Discuss the principle involved, advantages and disadvantages of laboratory methods of lipid & lipoproteins 6. Enumerate the reference value of each lipid measured 7. Correlate laboratory results with patients lipid or lipoprotein status 8. Relate the laboratory data in the assessment of risk or coronary heart disease (CHD) 9. Discuss the significance played by cardiac proteins and enzymes in the diagnosis of heart diseases 10. Perform correctly laboratory methods of lipid determination 11. Demonstrate safely precautions during performance of tests

FIRST GRADING, MIDTERM and FINAL EXAMINATIONS

(2 Hours each = 6 Hours)

Approved by:
SNS-JKKL-05282012

Subject code: CLNCEM1

Descriptive title: Pure Blood Chemistry(3u lecture & 1u laboratory)

Effectivity: 1st Semester, SY 2012-2013

Date Revised 28 May 2012

Prepared by: MT/MLS DEPARTMENT Noted by: SNS-EPS-05282012

ERLINDA PLAN SANCHEZ, RMT,LlB,MPA

Program Chair-MT/MLS

JANICE KAYLYN KILEY-LONOGAN, RMT,RT,AMT,EdD

Dean, School of Natural Sciences

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IX. X.

GRADING SYSTEM: Passing cut-off score is 70%. The highest possible passing grade is 99 and the lowest is 75 REFERENCES: TEXTBOOK: 1. Mcpherson, Richard A. and Matthew R. Pincus. Henrys Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods 21st ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier Inc., 2007. BOOKS 2. Ashwood E., D. Bruns and C. Burtis. Tietzs Fundamentals of Clinical Chemistry 6th ed. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Co., 2007. 3. Ashwood E., D. Bruns and C. Burtis. Tietzs Textbook of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics 4th ed. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Co., 2007. 4. Bishop, Michael L. et.al. Clinical Chemistry: Principles, Procedures, Correlations, 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams, Philadelphia, 2005. 5. Furr, Keith. CRC Handbook of Laboratory Safety 5th ed. USA: CRC, 2000. 6. Garza, Diana and Kathleen Becan-McBride. Phlebotomy Handbook: Blood Collection Essentials 7th ed. USA: Prentice Hall, 2004. 7. Kaplan, A., A. Pesce and S. Kazmierczak. Clinical Chemistry: Theory, Analysis, Correlation 4th ed. Edinburgh: Mosby, 2002. 8. Lewandrowski, Kent. Clinical Chemistry: Laboratory Management and Clinical Correlations. USA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2002. 9. McClatchey, Kenneth. Clinical Laboratory Medicine 2nd ed. USA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2002. 10. Scott M., A. Gronowski and C. Eby. Tietzs Applied Laboratory Medicine 2nd ed. USA: Wiley-Liss, 2007. 11. Wu, Allan. Tietzs Clinical Guide to Laboratory Tests 4th ed. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, 2006. Electronic References: 1. http://webpages.chhs.niu.edu/williams/AHP318/ClinicalChem.htm 2. http://www.dgrhoads.com/links.shtml 3. http://www.kmcsystems.com/invitro_clinical.asp#1 4. http://www.ualberta.ca~intd410/departments/spoc.html 5. http://www2.apsu.edu/~thompsonj/clin-chem-page1.htm

Prepared by the BSMT/MLS Professional Subjects Department

Noted by: ERLINDA PLAN SANCHEZ, RMT,LlB, MPA Program Chair-MT/MLS Approved by: JANICE KAYLYN KILEY LONOGAN, RMT, RT, AMT, EdD Dean, School of Natural Sciences

Subject code: CLNCEM1

Descriptive title: Pure Blood Chemistry(3u lecture & 1u laboratory)

Effectivity: 1st Semester, SY 2012-2013

Date Revised 28 May 2012

Prepared by: MT/MLS DEPARTMENT Noted by: Noted by: SNS-EPS-05282012 ERLINDA PLAN SANCHEZ, RMT,LlB,MPA Program Chair-MT/MLS

Approved by: SNS-JKKL-05282012 JANICE KAYLYN KILEY-LONOGAN, RMT,RT,AMT,EdD Dean, School of Natural Sciences

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