SCS 3004 Structured Cabling System

Dr. Ajantha Atukorale UCSC Thanks to: Dexter de Lima

Network Systems Engineer Enterprise Technology (Pvt) Ltd.

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Cabling Systems
Proprietary Cabling System:
Has specific design parameters and is dependent on network technology and/or vendor equipment which requires specific connectors and cable

Structured Cabling System:

Has universal cabling design which will support all LAN protocols and traditional telephony

Structured Cabling System

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Telephone System Cable Plant

Exchange

Primary Cable

Secondary Cable X

Drop Wire To other Telephones Telephone

Trunk Lines to other Exchanges

To other CCCs

To other DPs

Distribution Point (DP)

Main Distribution Frame (MDF) Cross Connection Cabinet (CCC)

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SCS - Ethernet Application

Ethernet Switch

PC Patch cord Patch Panel Horizontal Cable

Fly Cord

Network Closet

Information Outlet

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SCS Voice Application

PBX

Network Closet

Information Outlet

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SCS RS-232 Application

Serial (RS-232) to UTP Adaptor

Mini Computer Terminal

Horizontal Cable

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Benefits of a Structured Cabling

Structured Cabling makes it easy to add, move, change and re-site individual employees or complete department's communications equipment. Support data and traditional voice; no need for multiple cabling systems in a building No downtime when reconnecting equipment Multiple conventional cable plants are expensive to maintain and upgrade compared to a Structured Cabling System Independent of protocols and networking technologies Covers current & future requirements Allows total flexibility

Structured Cable System Design

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Design Concept

HORIZONTAL CABLING
Horizontal Cabling is the sub-section of the cabling system from the workstation outlet to the FD/IDF.

BACKBONE
Backbone cabling provides the main feeder cable in a system. It can be either 'vertical style' in which it runs vertically between floors in a building, connecting FD/IDF's to the BD, or 'campus style' in which it connects several BD's in separate buildings in one centralized location.

FLOOR DISTRIBUTOR (FD) OR INTERMEDIATE DISTRIBUTION FRAME (IDF)

The FD/IDF accommodates all of the cross connect facilities to interconnect work stations to active LAN equipment (also located in the FD/IDF enclosure), and backbone cabling to centralized processing equipment installed elsewhere.

BUILDING DISTRIBUTOR (BD) OR MAIN DISTRIBUTION FRAME (MDF)

The BD, provides a means of centralized processing and switching systems to the vertical backbone cabling.

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Building Cable System

UTP UTP FLOOR DISTRIBUTOR OR INTERMEDIATE DISTRIBUTION FRAME
Each distribution frame should be located so that the horizontal cabling length for UTP is limited to 90 meter to ensure compatibility with high-speed LAN operation. Sufficient cable management is critical for long term maintainability.

HORIZONTAL CABLING
Horizontal Cabling begins where the user plugs a terminal in and ends at a centrally located point called a Floor Distributor (FD) or Intermediate Distribution Frame (IDF). Distribution Frames should be located so that horizontal UTP cable length is limited to 90 meter or less to provide compatibility with high-speed LAN operation. When horizontal cabling is properly designed, each office interface is accessible from an appropriate distribution frame. The cable run should be free of bridges, taps and splices.

Fiber

BACKBONE BUILDING DISTRIBUTOR (BD) OR MAIN DISTRIBUTION FRAME (MDF)

The BD/MDF provides a means of cross-connecting horizontal channels to equipment ports or trunk channels. The ports of each piece of system equipment need to be converted to the cross connect products mounted in the distribution frame. System Connections, Voice and LAN can be incorporated into the BD/MDF. Backbone cabling is the main trunk cable from which all connections are made. Backbone cabling can be either campus style, in which it connects several buildings, or it can be run vertically between floors to connect several FD/IDF or the BD/MDF. Molex Premise Networks recommends the use of Optical Fiber cable, although twisted pair, or a combination of both, is acceptable. Applications include baseband LAN, broadband LAN and multiplexed channels.

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Elements of Structured Cabling System

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UTP Cables

UTP CAT 3 CAT 5 CAT 5e

WHY PEOPLE NEED STRUCTURED CABLING

UTP CAT 6 CAT 6e CAT 7

STP CAT 5 CAT 5e CAT 6/7

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UTP Patch Panel

Eight module harmonicas snap in for easy servicing

Available in configurations from 24 to 96 port

Large labeling areas for panel identification

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UTP Wall Outlet

Available in configurations from 1 to 6 port UK, US, Europe, Flash and Surface mount Type wall outlets
WHY PEOPLE NEED STRUCTURED CABLING 15

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UTP Patch Cord & Adaptors

Available in configurations from 0.5m to 6m and long reach once from 6m to 15 m

Adaptors for all type of applications

WHY PEOPLE NEED STRUCTURED CABLING 16

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Cable Management Panel

Ring runs & Covers

Strain relief panels

Cable organizer panels and rings

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Tools

Crimping tool With Ratchet

Punch Down Tool

Cable & Wire Stripper

Crimping tool Without Ratchet

Round Wire & Cable Cutter

Cable Tester

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Structured Cabling System Standards & Terminology

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Standard Organizations
IEEE Institution of Electrical and Electronic Engineers ISO International Standards Organization ANSI/EIA/TIA American National Standards Institute / Electrical Industries Association/Telecommunication Industries Association
Consortium of manufacturers, vendors, users and other interested parties responsible for the family of standards associated with design, installation and use of structured Cabling Systems.

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IEEE Standards
Data Rate 10 Base-2 10 Base-5 10 Base-T 100 Base-TX 100 Base-FX 1000 Base-TX 1000 Base-SX 1000 Base-LX 1000 Base-LH 1000 Base-ZX 10 Mbps 10 Mbps 10 Mbps 100 Mbps 100 Mbps 1000 Mbps 1000 Mbps 1000 Mbps 1000 Mbps 1000 Mbps Media Copper Coaxial Copper Coaxial Copper UTP Copper UTP 62.5/50 m MM Fiber 9/10 m SM Fiber Copper UTP 62.5 m MM Fiber 50 m MM Fiber 50 m MM Fiber 9/10 m SM Fiber 62.5/50 m MM Fiber 9/10 m SM Fiber 9/10 m SM Fiber Dispersion Shifted Fiber Distance 200 m 500 m 100 m 100 m 2 km 10 km 100 m 220 m 550 m 550 m 5 km 550 m 10 km 70 km 100 km

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ISO/IEC 11801
International Standards Organization
ISO/IEC 11801 : IT- Cabling for customer premise ISO/IEC 14763-1 : Administration, documentation, records ISO/IEC 14763-2 : Planning and Installation practices ISO/IEC 14763-3 : Testing of optical fiber cabling IEC 61935-1 : Testing of copper cabling

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ANSI/TIA/EIA
American National Standards Institute / Telecommunications Industry Association / Electronic Industries Association ANSI/TIA/EIA 568-B Series ANSI/TIA/EIA 568-B.1 Commercial Building Telecommunications Cabling Standard ANSI/TIA/EIA 568-B.2 100 Ohm Twisted Pair Cabling Standard ANSI/TIA/EIA 568-B.3 Optical Fiber Standards Also incorporates & refines TIA/EIA TSB67 - - Performance Specification for field testing UTP. TIA/EIA TSB72 - Centralized Optical Fiber Cabling Guidelines TIA/EIA TSB75 Open Office Guidelines ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-A-1 - Delay & Delay Skew ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-A-2 - Misc. changes ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-A-3 - Hybrid and Bundled Cables ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-A-4 - Patch Cords ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-A-5 - Category 5e TIA/EIA/IS-729 Technical Specifications for 100 Ohm Screened Twisted-Pair Cabling ANSI/TIA/EIA 569-A - Commercial Building Standard for Telecommunication Pathways and Spaces. ANSI/ TIA/EIA 570-A - Residential and Light Commercial Telecommunication Wiring Standard. ANSI/TIA/EIA 606 - 1993 Administration of Telecommunication Infrastructure of Commercial Buildings. ANSI/TIA/EIA 607 - 1994 Grounding and Bonding.
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Recommended Lengths

A+C= B = D =

10m (combined) 90m (Permanent Link) 100m (Channel Link)

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UTP Color Coding

To distinguish between pairs, they are colored each pair has designated Tip and Ring conductors. Pair 1 can therefore be designated T1 and R1. Both UTP & STP conform to this standard
T1 - White Blue/Blue White - R1 T2 - White Orange/Orange White - R2 T3 - White Green/Green White - R3 T4 - White Brown/Brown White - R4

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Wiring Sequences
568A
International ISDN standard Pairs 2 & 3 are transposed from 568B. Pairs 1 & 2 USOC compatible

568B
Most widely specified sequence. Also Known as 258A Same as 568A but pairs 2 & 3 are transposed

1
T3

2
R3

5
T1

6
R2

1
T2

2
R2

5
T1

6
R3

7
T4

8
R4

T2 R1

T4 R4

T3 R1

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Wiring Sequences
These are the pin-out diagrams for straight through and crossover UTP Ethernet cables. The TX (transmitter) pins are connected to corresponding RX (receiver) pins, with plus to plus and minus to minus. A coss-over cable must be used to connect units with identical interfaces. When straight-through cables are used to connect Ethernet devices, one of the two units must, in effect, perform the cross-over function.

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Wiring Sequences (100 Base TX Duplex)

Note: Only pairs 2 and 3 are used for Note Standard Ethernet wiring. Pairs 1 and 4 can be used for other purposes such as telephones or even a second separate, complete Ethernet connection.

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Unshielded Twisted Pair Installation Practices

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Types of Pathways
Conduit
Used in environments where required by code or maximum protection of the cable is desired or required. Typically constructed of one of the following:
Rigid metal conduit Rigid PVC Flexible

Under Floor

Suspended Ceiling

Under floor duct is either sealed in slab floor or in fill placed on top of slab (This added thickness to floor). Cellular floor requires distribution cells located on lower level of system. Provides service to workstations. Separated by power and communication. Raised floor consists of steel footings holding pedestals which support the raised floor. Most common and cost effective pathway for running cable.

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Cable Tray
Start Laying cables to the side of the tray. Separate fiber from copper Tie Fiber to underside of tray if practical

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Installing in Conduit
Conduit comes in several types and sizes including rigid metal, PVC and fiberglass conduit, or flexible PVC conduit. Using flexible conduit of extended length because it has potential for abrasion damage to cable jacketing. Can be used for short lengths. Use conduit in environments where the cable needs protection from incidental damage, visual exposure is a consideration, access by unauthorized individuals is possible or building/safety codes require it. Maximum continuous straight length, (without access), should not exceed 30 meter. No more than two 90, 180 total bends between each pull box. (A third bend is allowed if the run is less than 10 meter
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Bend Radii of Cables

4 Pair twisted pair cable minimum bend radius is 4 times the diameter of the cable Multi-pair twisted pair cable minimum bend radius is 10 times the diameter of the cable Optical Fiber cable minimum bend radius is 10 times the diameter of the cable Consult with cable manufacturers & comply with their specifications

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Under floor
Under floor duct is either sealed in slab floor or in fill placed on top of slab (This added thickness to floor). Cellular floor requires distribution cells located on lower level of system. Provides service to workstations. Separated by power and communication. Raised floor consists of steel footings holding pedestals which support the raised floor.

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Suspended Ceiling
Most common and cost effective pathway for running cable. Cable must be supported on 1.2 to 1.5 m (4 to 5 feet) centers. DO NOT USE CEILING SUPPORT SYSTEM. Max 24 -32 cables per catenary strand. Quantities of forty eight (48) or more, four pair cables need to be supported in heavier cable trays.

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