PAGE: 13 Minimum beam widths required for various reinforcement arrangements

PAGE: 24 PROCEDURE TO DESIGN SHEAR REINFORCEMENT FOR A BEAM (ACI simplified procedure) General Equations: Shear strength of concrete: V c =2 f ' c bw d Shear strength of shear reinforcement (vertical stirrups): V s= Step 1: Choose a bar to be used for stirrups. Usually a bar No. 3 will do. Step 2: Draw the ultimate shear diagram (Vu) Remember to place live load in the least favorable location(s). Step 3: Verify section dimensions. Compute Vu at the critical section. The critical section is located at a distance d from the face of support. Compute the Vu(crit) that occurs at that point. If V u crit 8 f ' c bd V c , increase section size and redo from start. Step 4: Locate the region where there is no need for shear reinforcement. In the Vu diagram, locate the region where Vu < 1/2Vc. That region does not need shear reinforcement. Step 5: Draw the required spacing (s) by strength along the length of beam (Curve A). s= Av f y d Vu V c Av f y d d

The required spacing by strength is given by: This equation is valid where Vu > Vc. The spacing given by this equation is infinite where Vu = Vc and has a minimun value in the critical section. If the spacing at the critical section is less than 2 in. use a bigger bar and redo from start. Step 6: Draw the maximum spacing required by ACI 11.5.5 (Curve B) The equations are a) When : smax = min(d/2 , 24 in) b) When :

PAGE: 25 smax = min(d/4 , 12 in) The point where V s4 f ' c bd is where This requirement is valid where Vu > Vc Step 7: Consider the minimum required shear reinforcement area (ACI 11.5.6) (Curve C) Although ACI 11.5.6 specifies a minimum shear reinforcement area, we can transform it to a maximum spacing: s max=min
V u = 4 f ' c bd V c

Av f y Av f y , 0.75 b f ' c 50b

Step 8: Determine the maximum spacing at each point. At each point along the beam, the controlling spacing (s) will be the curve for which the spacing is lowest. That is the theoretical spacings of the stirrups. You may need to do additional compu-tations to find where the curves intercept. See plot below.

Step 9: Arrange the spacings found in a practical way There are no fixed rules to do this. The following tips may help. a) Indicate all distances rounded to the inch (usually down). b) If the difference between the theoretical maximum and minimum spacings is more than 4 in., consider using intermediate spacings. c) When using more than two regions, consider the convenience of having regions of roughly the same length.

PAGE: 26 d) If the diference in spacings from one region to the other is 1 in. having those two regions may not be practical. Consider changing the length of the regions to solve this. Step 10: Draw a final sketch showing your design. Indicate in it: a) b) c) The length of each region The stirrups used and the spacing for each region. Indicate where the first stirrup will be placed.