SEPTEMBER 2012 `25

Issue no. 10 Volume no. 42

An MBD Publication RNI No.: 23870/72

D E M O C R A T I C

W O R L D

IS SEX WORK REAL WORK?

SHOULD THE CENTRE DECRIMINALISE PROSTITUTION? PAGE 29

SOCIAL MEDIA

OF RESUMES AND ONLINE RECRUITING

PAGE 20

The Reluctant Genius

PLUS PLATFORM WAREHOUSE GARNISH

Filmmaker Shyam Benegal doesnt think hes gifted. Telling real stories is all that he cares for Page 12
FOREIGN DESPATCHES

EDIT ORIAL
SONICA MALHOTRA KANDHARI | editorial@democraticworld.in

Championing the Common Cause

FREE time is a rare occurrence in a working womans

life. When I managed to grab some recently, I wanted to wile it away by doingwellabsolutely nothing and found myself before the idiot box, after years. While surfing the channels I found that the idiot box DEMOCRATIC had done the unthinkable, gotten sillier. That realisation made me nostalgic of the good-old days of television (1990s), when mega serials meant 53-episodelong epics such as Bharat Ek Khoj. My contemporaries might remember Bharat Ek Khoj and Katha Sagar fondly. They were infortainment for both the young and the old. They exposed us to history and literature and great doses of robust writing and scripts. Such serials were inspirationalafter all they were directed by one of the best directors of India, Shyam Benegal. For years now, Benegals films have been about visceral representations of Indian reality. He has explored the theme of inequality in all his films through some recurring roles; the oppressive landlord, the corrupt official, the struggling tribal woman SHYAM BENEGAL and the villager trying to break free. ON DEMOCRACY: Today filmmaking is a A sensitive director, Benegal has also dealt with the more democratic space. urban milieu passionatelyin Bhumika he explored Filmmakers interested an urban womans quest for identity, with Kalyug in serious content have he revisited the Mahabharata, taking us through a a lot more funding modern interpretation of the epic set within a wealthy and backers business family. He has always engaged in different narrative styles, like in Suraj Ka Satvan Ghora, where the story is told from different perspectives.

BYTE

There are several other examples of this mans sheer genius; how he always tries to bring the mundane and the margins to the mainstream. His Well Done Abba may not have been a hit, but it did put the twin issues of employment and government schemes in Andhra Pradesh to the forefront. He has truly viewed India through his democratic lens and made us do the same. It should not be surprising that after the bout of nostalgia, DW team promptly tried to contact the man and talk to him regarding his films, life and inspirations. This month, the magazine (I am glad to say), is about the lives of geniuses. Famed photographer Nemai Ghosh is featured in our Looking Back section. For his admirers, theres a bit of good news; Ghoshs collection of 90,000-plus photographs were recently bought by a Delhi-based private art gallery. The gallery plans to showcase most of them in a series of exhibitions in December. A legend in his own right, Ghosh is as talented as he is endearing and humble. I hope you like reading his story as much as we loved writing it.

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DEMOCRATIC WORLD

TOC
TA B L E O F C O N T E N T S

MAN OF THE MONTH

NEMAI GHOSH AS DAYS WENT BY, PEOPLE CAME TO LABEL ME AS AS RAYS BOSWELL WITH A CAMERA
READ MORE ON PAGE 26

| SEPTEMBER

2 0 12

COVER DESIGN BY PRASANTH T R | PHOTO BY JITEN GANDHI

12
COVER STORY JOHN ELLIOTT

12 | The Reluctant Genius

24 | THE NORTHEAST PROBLEM; The Indira

Gandhi government did not have a plan, but does the country have one now?

Accolades do not rest easy on Shyam Benegal. He is almost unaware that he has that rare gift to weave together burning social issues with well-crafted filmmaking
COPYRIGHT Democratic World is published & printed by M Gulab Singh & Sons (a unit of MBD Group) at Gulab Bhawan 6, Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi 110002, India and printed at Perfect Printers Gulab Bhawan 6, Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi 110002, India. Democratic World is for private circulation only. Material in this publication may not be reproduced in any form without the written permission of M Gulab Singh & Sons.

JONATHAN POWER

32 | THE LONG HAND OF INTERNATIONAL JUSTICE: Hunting down

war criminals

Please Recycle This Magazine And Remove Inserts Before Recycling

DEMOCRATIC WORLD

SEPTEMBER 2012

30
ISSUE

30 | IS SEX WORK REAL WORK?

Debating decriminalisation of prostitution

REGULARS

22
SOCIAL AGENDA

01 | EDITORIAL 06 | UP-TO-DATE 10 | FOREIGN DESPATCHES 26 | LOOKING BACK 36 | READING ROOM 48 | STICKY NOTES

20 | Social recruiting made easy

Use networks wisely to make your company name more visible

GOOD KARMA WAREHOUSE GARNISH HITCHHIKER'S GUIDE

34 | INCLUDING THE COUNTRYS SENIOR CITIZENS HelpAge is

helping senior citizens win their dignity back

38 | GADGETS & GIZMOS 1923 LEICA OSERIES Yes, the legend is

here! See why this camera is worth the pretty penny...

40 | INDIAN MASTER OF SPICES KUNAL KAPOOR may love the karela,

but it is all gourmet cooking in his kitchen

44 | GORGEOUS GREEN WATERS OF GREECE NATASHA VERMA wades

through the teal-waters and samples the local fare

SEPTEMBER 2012

DEMOCRATIC WORLD

FEEDBACK
D E M O C R A T I C W O R L D
An MBD

www.democraticworld.com
EDITORIAL
Issue no. 9 me no. Publicatio 42 n RNI No.: 2387 0/72

AUGUST 2012 `25

Volu

NEW AG NETIZ E EN WEB VO S AND ICES PAG E 20

CYBER PROTE ST

Managing Editor: Monica Malhotra Kandhari Group Editor: Sonica Malhotra Kandhari Editor: Dr Chander Trikha Assistant Features Editor: Rohini Banerjee Sub Editor: Manjiri Indurkar

EDITORIAL CO-ORDINATION
Mamta Bhatt

IS GAAR ANSW INDIAS WOES ER TO TAX ? PAG

E 28

ISSUE

DESIGN

PLUS:

WARE

HOUS

Meet the painter Sufi soul, the and Ali as filmmaker poet cum he talks Muzaf far and tra of aesthetic dition s s PAGE 12

LOOK

ING BA

Renaiss ance Man

CK FOREIG N DESP ATCHES PLATFO RM

DEAR MADAM, READING THE COVER STORY ON DW'S LATEST EDITION WAS A PLEASURE. THE CONVERSATION WITH ALI, HIS PASSION FOR CINEMA, WAS THOUGHT PROVOKING. CINEMA LOVERS OF INDIA WOULD BE FOREVER INDEBTED TO ALI FOR HIS MASTERPIECES.
Kind Regards, Santanu Ghatak, Amrican Express

Sr Creative Director: Jayan K Narayanan Art Director: Anil VK Associate Art Director: Atul Deshmukh Sr Visualiser: Manav Sachdev Visualisers: Prasanth TR, Anil T & Shokeen Saifi Sr Designers: Sristi Maurya & NV Baiju Designers: Suneesh K, Shigil N, Charu Dwivedi Raj Verma, Peterson, Prameesh Purushothaman C & Midhun Mohan Chief Photographer: Subhojit Paul Sr Photographer: Jiten Gandhi

SALES & MARKETING

Mayank Khantwal (Manager- Ad Sales), Mamta Bhatt and Arjun Sawhney

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Alok Kashyap, General Manager (Production)

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POINT OF VIEW

DEAR MADAM,

Congratulations on the new magazine. As a geek I find the issues covered in Social Agenda and the Warehouse sections to be most illuminating and interesting reads.
AMIT MALHOTRA, DESIGNER

Democratic World is a monthly magazine published and printed by M Gulab Singh & Sons Pvt Ltd (a unit of MBD Group). It is published at Gulab Bhawan, 6, Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002, India and printed at Perfect Printers, Gulab Bhawan, 6, Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002, India. The magazine is edited by Dr Chander Trikha, Gulab Bhawan, 6, Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi110002, India. Material in this publication may not be reproduced in any form without the written permission of M Gulab Singh & Sons Pvt Ltd. Editorial opinions expressed in the magazine are not necessarily those of M Gulab Singh & Sons Pvt Ltd and M Gulab Singh & Sons Pvt Ltd does not take responsibility for the advertising content, content obtained from third parties and views expressed by any independent author/contributor. (M Gulab Singh & Sons Pvt Ltd, Gulab Bhawan, 6, Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002). Email: editorial@democraticworld.in Opinions expressed herein are of the authors and do not necessarily reflect any opinion of M Gulab Singh & Sons Pvt Ltd, Gulab Bhawan, 6, Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002, India Tel: 91-1130912345, 30912301. For Advertisements please call- +919899854831 Email: subscribe@democraticworld.in

WRITE TO US: Democratic World values your feedback. We want to know what you think about the magazine and would love your opinion on issues that you would like us to raise. DW continues to be work in progress and your inputs will make it a truly democratic effort. For additional images, opinion polls and much more visit our facebook page at www.facebook.com/DWzine Send your comments, compliments, complaints or questions about the magazine to editorial@democraticworld.in

DEMOCRATIC WORLD

SEPTEMBER 2012

DR YU WENXIA (MISS WORLD 2012)

UPtoDATE
Riots Hit Assam, leave 77 dead
RIOTS\\ Ethnic

When I was young I felt very lucky because so many people helped me

THEY SAID IT

Centre alleges Pakistans hand in spreading rumours leading to protests

clashes which began in July 2012, between indigenous Bodo tribes and Bangladeshi Muslims in Kokrajhar (Assam) left 77 people dead. Chief Minister Tarun Gogoi ordered a probe into the violence which left more than four-lakh people displaced from 400 villages. Some 270 relief camps were set up to accommodate people who have lost their homes. The riots, which began in Kokrajhar, later spread to lower Assam, namely Chirang, Baksa and Dhubri. The violence broke out when two Muslim students were shot, which lead to revenge strikes on Bodo groups. The cause of dispute was over the control over land. The Centre has been blamed for delaying military intervention in the matter which has escalated to damage of human lives and property. The Prime Minister visited the affected areas on July 28, 2012, to take stock of the situation. He asked the CM to take action to curb the violence. Singh promised `200,000 to the next of kin of the deceased and `50,000 to those injured. He announced `100 crore for R&R work in six affected districts, `100 crore as Special Plan Assistance for development programmes and `100 crore under the Indira Awaas Yojana.

People dead so far in ethnic clashes across Assam

77

DEMOCRATIC WORLD

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FROM AROUND THE WORLD //

up-to-date

The Very Very Special VVS Retires

CRICKET\\ In a move that caught the country by sur-

Former Maharashtra CM passes away Vilasrao Deshmukh dies of multiple organ failure
OBITUARY\\ Union

Minister of Science and Technology and Earth Sciences, Vilasrao Deshmukh, who was suffering from liver and kidney ailments, died at a Chennai hospital in August. Deshmukh died of multiple organ failure. His funeral took place in Babhalgaon village in Latur. Deshmukh is survived by wife Vaishali Deshmukh and three sonsone of them, Reitesh Deshmukh, a successful actor in the Hindi film industry. Deshmukh was admitted to Chennais Global Hospital. Doctors were planning for a liver transplant. Prime Minister Manmohan Singh and President Pranab Mukherjee expressed their grief at Deshmukhs death. UPA Chairperson Sonia Gandhi said it was a great loss to the party. Bollywood celebrities also mourned Deshmukhs demise and paid their last respects. The former Maharashtra chief minister was showing signs of improvement and had been on and off the ventilator, while he was being prepared for a transplant. Deshmukh had been shifted to Chennai from Mumbai in an air ambulance in a critical condition. Born on May 26, 1945, at Babhalgaon in Latur district of Maharashtra, he was the strongest Maratha leader in the Congress.

prise, V.V.S. Laxman announced his retirement leaving his fans in a tizzy. Laxman was expected to play the forthcoming New Zealand Series. It has been 16 years since I made my international debut. I think it is the right time, said an emotional Laxman after his announcement in Hyderabad. I think it is time to give the youngsters a chance ahead of a tough season. I have always kept the countrys success ahead of personRARE al aspirations, PLAYER he further added. Laxman had communicated his decision to the BCCI the same day of the announcement of his retirement. I am not going to continue playing cricket and would hang my boots with immediate effect, he said. Laxman who made his Test debut on November 20, 1996, in a match versus South Africa, played his last match against Australia on January 24, 2012. The stylish batsman from Hyderabad shot to fame for his outstanding innings of 281 against Australia in 2001, during Australias tour of India, edging India to victory. Laxman will be remembered as one of the best cricketers of India.

OBITUARY

Prabuddha Dasgupta passes away: Countrys leading photographer and a popular figure in the international fashion circuit, Dasgupta died after suffering a severe heart attack in Alibaug (Maharashtra). He was 58. Twitter went abuzz as friends and celebs mourned the death of a creative genius.
SEPTEMBER 2012
DEMOCRATIC WORLD

up-to-date

\\ FROM AROUND THE WORLD

Fiery Finale (left) The Olympics closing ceremony In the Spotlight (below) Pugilist Mary Kom became Indias sweetheart by winning a Bronze at the Olympics

Indias Best Olympic Ever! With

a tally of six medals, India puts up its greatest show in the Games
OLYMPICS\\ India put up a strong show in

the London Summer Olympics 2012 which proved to be the countrys best performance till dateas players from the country garnered a total of six medals, including two Silvers and four Bronzes. Gagan Narang won the first medal for the country by winning a Bronze in the 10-metre air-rifle shooting event. Vijay Kumar won a Silver in the mens 25-metre rapid-fire pistol event, and became the third man representing India to win an individual Silver, after Norman Pritchard and Rajyavardhan Singh Rathore. Saina Nehwal won a Bronze in womens singles in badminton. She is the first Indian to win a medal in Badminton at the Olympics. She is also the second Indian woman to win an individual medal after Karnam Malleswaris Bronze in weightlifting in 2000. Mary Kom won India its fourth medal

The government has decided to lay stress on the development of sports Haryana CM

at the Games by winning a Bronze in the womens flyweight category in boxing. She is the third Indian woman to win a medal at the Olympics. By winning a Bronze in the 60-kg freestyle wrestling event, Yogeshwar Dutt won India the fourth Bronze and the fifth medal. This is the third individual medal in wrestling after Bronze medals by Sushil Kumar in 2008 and K.D. Jadhav in 1952. The sixth medal was bagged by Sushil Kumar who won the Silver in 66-kg freestyle wrestling. Sushil Kumar is the first Indian to win an individual medal, back-to-back, in the Olympic Games. He had won a Bronze in the 2008 Beijing Olympics in the same category. With this India finished 55th on the medal tally, climbing 10 rungs from its count at the Beijing Olympics. The success of Haryanas wrestlers (the state had sent 18 players in the 81-players contingent), led to its chief minister, Bhupinder Singh

Hooda, fix a target of winning 12 medals for the country in 2016 Olympics. Hooda felicitated the four Olympic medal winners from Haryana at his New Delhi residence and promised to help the states players and athletes to the best of his ability. Saina Nehwal who broke the Chinese monopoly over badminton medals missed her chance to play the finals as she lost to World No. 1 seed, Yihan Wang of China. Nehwal lost 2113, 2113, and the Beijing Olympics disappointment loomed large over the Hyderbadi girl. Nehwal, however, grabbed the Bronze as she faced World No. 2, Xin Wang (China). A knee injury fouled Wangs game even though she was leading. Mary Kom, a respected name in the world of womens boxing and a five-time world champion, won the Bronze by beating Maroua Rahali of Tunisia for 15-6. The mother of two lost the Gold to winner Nicola Adams (11-6) in the semi-finals, but grabbed the historic Bronze. The 2012 Olympics saw around 85 countries win medals. The United States of America went on to take the highest number of medals home.

DEMOCRATIC WORLD

SEPTEMBER 2012

FROM AROUND THE WORLD //

up-to-date

POLITICS

Mamata Banerjee Stirs Up New Controversy

POLITICS\\ West Bengal

SALT PEPPER
AS THE GOVT PUTS A CAP ON SMSES TWITTER GOES ABUZZ
language was nothing less than contempt of court. BJP leader Balbir Punj remarked, It was unbecoming of a CM. Former Solicitor General Soli Sorabjee went a step ahead, asking: What about the cases she has won in court? Who paid the judges? Mamata?

&

CM Mamata Banerjee stirred trouble by suggesting that Indian courts judgments could be bought. Speaking during the state Assemblys platinum jubilee celebrations, Banerjee displayed her trademark indiscretion when she

alleged that there were instances when judgments had been delivered for money. The Trinamool Congress chief faced flak for her remarks from political and legal fraternity who called her behaviour irresponsible and said the intemperate

:)RT @AyaNDaviD: When u r allowed to send 5 SMS/day, if u receive #SMS 4m some1, understand d importance you hold in dat person's life :)
Predictably Random @paragmutha | Twitterati

PMs Independence Day Speech Singh talks of growth pangs

Dear Girls, If a guy sends you 5 SMSs for next fortnight. Marry him!! Sincerely, #TRAI
Manoj V Mathew@manojvmathewe | Twitterati

Leading the way: Prime Minister Manmohan Singh on the Independence Day

Someone please file an RTI to know using which mathematical formulae and statistics ,they have come up with the number 5. #TRAI
Aficionado@TheAngrezJailer | Twitterati

POLITICS\\ For his Independence Day speech, Prime Minister Manmohan Singh

chose to focus mainly on his Partys economic policies, eliciting a few yawns from spectators. Singh said that he and his government will do everything in their power to save the country from the effects of the global economic slowdown. Focusing his address completely towards economic growth, he blamed lack of political consensus for slow growth and vowed to do everything to boost the economy through investments. He also linked development processes to national security. He said that national security will be affected if proper attention is not paid to economic growth and investments are not invited within the country. While talking about inflation Singh said that while it must be controlled, bad monsoons in 2012 could pose some difficulties. While wholesale inflation has come down to 6.87 per cent in July, prices of food items are still rising by over 10 per cent annually. The Prime Minister had to face a lot of criticism from the Opposition regarding his speech which they called inspiring with nothing new to offer.

If I ever become super rich, I will have my very own cellphone network from which I can send as many SMS i like. #TRAI #5SMS per day ban.
Ahitagni Mandal @ahitagni | Twitterati

SEPTEMBER 2012

DEMOCRATIC WORLD

foreign despatches
\\ NOTES FROM THE DIA SPOR A

CHITRA SANKARAN
Singapore

I think feminism is a deep rooted belief that both genders are equal
CHITRA SANKARAN: My years of growing up in Chennai were rather idyllic. I was born and brought up in a family of independent thinkers. Since both my parents were doctors, they were not only educated but also were very progressive people who encouraged me to think more and take my decisions on my own. Especially my mother, who was an extremely strong lady. She was someone whose life and thoughts influenced several people, including me. My mother went to London in the 1950s to pursue her postgraduate study in medicine. Instead of staying back she decided to come back and join the medical service. From there she rose to being the first lady Vice Chancellor of the first ever State Medical University in Tamil Nadu. Being raised by such a strong mother had a very profound impact on me. I too followed suit and left for London when I was 23 years old. I lived there almost a decade. It was a great time. It was a big learning curve of my life. I completed my PhD from the University of London and worked there for a few years. The good thing about working in an university environment is that you meet so many like-minded people, it helps you grow as an individual. And that is exactly what happened in London. I met people who knew so much, who had a different level of understanding of issues, it was interesting and very intellectually stimulating. After spending some good 10 years in London, I was beginning to miss home. Therefore I thought of returning back to Chennai. There I started teaching in a womens university. However my stay was limited to a very short period of time. I got a better opportunity in Singapore and I decided to move again. So I packed off for Singapore and I have been living here for nearly two decades now. People when move to other countries, they often face many issues. The cultures are different, mannerisms are different, it is whole new

CHITRA SANKARAN was

born in Chennai to doctor parents. After finishing her MA she moved to London, where she lived for almost a decade. She did her PhD from the University of London. For a very brief period she taught at a womens college in Chennai and then she moved to Singapore. Today Chitra Sankaran is an Associate Professor at the National University of Singapore in the department of English Language and Literature. Her teaching interests are varied and she teaches subjects such as post-colonial fiction with special emphasis on South Asian fiction, Singapore and Malaysian literature, Feminist literary theory and fiction, Asian women writers and globalised Asian writing

world you are thrown into and mostly you do not know how to react. There are people who have had bitter experiences in the foreign countries. But I can truthfully say that I did not face any identity issues or any kind of racism here in Singapore or in London. As aforementioned I spent most of my time in an university environment. And one surely cannot expect such things to happen in these places as everyone who is academically inclined has been trained to think critically. They have all had great exposure to radical and critical theoretical perspectives. Most of them are liberal intellectuals who believe in liberal politics. Perhaps I am most fortunate. However, I would not deny that these issues do exist. I have heard several stories where people who are less fortunate, complain about racism, sexism and other issues in their workplace. And this problem is not peculiar to Singapore. It is prevalent, to a greater or lesser degree, everywhere in the world. People often ask me about what pushed me towards feminism. I really can not think of any particular incident that made me shape my thoughts in this manner. My upbringing was rather privileged, but I would say that many around me were not all that fortunate. I witnessed how a patriarchal society functions. I feel that it was no surprise that I was naturally inclined towards feminism. My interest in the subject was essentially a cerebral attraction to an important cause. However, Feminism is only one of my topics of study. The other, however slow it might be, topic that interests me deeply is post-colo-

10

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foreign despatches
NOTES FROM THE DIA SPOR A //

nialism. Both these theoretical perspectives interest me at a personal level, because they impact me on my personal locationas a woman and as a postcolonial individual but at a broader level, they interest me because they are about how groups that perceive themselves as disempowered and are fighting to gain equality with more empowered groups. This fight is a difficult one because, given the nature of the politics involved in both fields, power is rendered invisible by the powerful groups. For example, a common myth that is perpetuated by men is, Oh! Women are all very liberated now. They are more powerful than men! What do they lack? These kinds of statements show how difficult a fight women have on their hands. One of the ways in which power operates is to cloak itself. It normates and naturalises unequal power politics by making it appear natural. When people say that God or Nature meant man to protect and rule over a woman; our Shastras ordain it; etc, they are doing nothing but hiding behind a shield. Main or malestream power, at least in the teeth of opposition, operates most effectively by cloaking itself. This does not mean that all men are better off than all women. Obviously, trajectories such as educational qualification; earning capacity; affluence, all these work to empower people regardless of gender. However, within a group of equally qualified people, you will find that males have more power than women. The theory of feminism is quite layered and varies from place to place. It omnipresent of course! But penetration levels are different. And it is a natural thing, like any dynamic and thoughtful movement this theory as well keeps evolving. According to me the feminism is a deep rooted belief that both genders are equal. Even if you grant that they are different this should not lead to differences being hierarchised. When Europeans came across other cultures and colonised them because of their superior artillery and naval power in the 17th Century, they set out to divide the world between the West and the Rest. They could not treat difference as equal. What was alien to them had to be labelled as inferior. So beyond Europe became before Europe. They could not accede that different

A myth perpetuated by men is Oh! Women are very liberated now. They are more powerful than men! This shows how difficult a fight women have on their hands

cultures develop differently. They thought that there was only one path to advancement. A similar mindset seems to operate in gender relations as well. I think wherever on earth you are, the fundamental philosophy remains the samethat women deserve to be treated equally in every sphere of life. They deserve the same rights; e.g. equal pay for equal work; etc. How this philosophy manifests itself may change from time to time within a culture and from culture to culture. Here in Singapore we have womens toilets painted in pink, in India you will notice that the Delhi Metro uses pink sign boards to signify the womens coach of the metro. This is nothing but stereotyping. Women do not subscribe to the pink colour and men do not subscribe to blue. It is regressive thinking. I believe any kind of stereotyping is reductive; and reduction is certainly the anti-thesis of progress. This is because reality is always complex and is meshed in several shades of grey. Yet another stereotyped notion that exists is that feminists hate men; that they usually fall prey to misandry. This is a misconception that comes out of a very limited and antiquated view of feminism. Currently most feminist theorists believe that patriarchy (or the rule of the Fathers) strait-jackets not just women but also men. Men too are forced to conform to stereotypes of masculinity just as women are compelled to conform to stereotypes of femininity. People of both genders who do not conform are punished under patriarchy. Women are certainly punished more severely and viciously; rape; molest; honour-killings are all common occurrences in a world which encourages misogyny. But men suffer too. If a boy wants to be a dancer, how many families (in India or in many other parts of the world) would encourage him? If a boy is perceived as soft the instinct of his parents is to say toughen upyou are a boy. They say these things because they realise that otherwise society at large will punish him in various ways. So under patriarchy, misogyny is pervasive. So pervasive that we are all educated to be in denial about it. But if there is misandry, it is perpetuated by patriarchy not by feminists, except perhaps by radical feminists. They may have their reasons. When I teach this subject to my students I can see a visible change in the thought-process, but this needs to go beyond the confines of the university campus. The male students in my class who choose to pursue a module in feminism are usually rather more thoughtful and more mature than the average, indoctrinated male. So they usually respond very positively to the theories taught in class. This definitely is a positive sign that change in happening, however slow it might be. As told to Manjiri Indurkar

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cover story

\\ THE RELUCTANT GENIUS

12

DEMOCRATIC WORLD

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THE RELUCTANT GENIUS //

cover story

The Leitmotif of Life

BY DHIMAN CHATTOPADHYAY & ROHINI BANERJEE
DESIGN BY PRASANTH T R | PHOTOGRAPHS BY JITEN GANDHI
SEPTEMBER 2012
DEMOCRATIC WORLD

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cover story

\\ THE RELUCTANT GENIUS

There are old film posters...

...some of them made over four decades ago. But there is no hint of decay in them, no yellowing of the edges, as if time has conspired to preserve the freshness of the canvas just as the films themselves have transcended the barriers of time. A short walk past the poster-adorned walls of Sahyadri Films in south Mumbais tony Tardeo area and we are ushered into a wood-pannelled room. The first impression is that the room has lots of books. Many, many books. Buried in some of them and deep in thought, is the man we have come to meet braving Mumbais notorious evening traffic. He looks up, his face fills up with a warm smile and he immediately puts us at ease. A quick handshake later he offers us tea and then asks us to shoot the questions. Shyam Benegal is a legend, a genius behind the camera. But he has just shown us that he is also a very nice man to know. From the time he made his first film Ankur in 1973, Benegal has defied the odds. Most of his films, variously called a part of new cinema, alternate cinema or the rather irritating middle cinema (stupid name, he says) succeeded at the box office when many of his contemporaries failed to crack the commerce code. Yet when it came to National Awardsthe final word of praise for serious cinema

standalone cinema would show three films in a weekan English, a Hindi and a regional language film. I grew up
Shyam Benegal

I remember visiting the cinemas often. Our towns

watching all sorts of cinema

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PUGILIST
A sportsman, Shyam Benegal was a trained boxer in his teen years

no one matched up to his 11 National Awards spanning four decades. When funds for new cinema dried up in the mid-70s, Benegal outfoxed doomsday sayers by getting five lakh dairy farmers of Gujarat to produce his awardwinning film Manthan (each of them contributed `2 and then, after the film was released, turned up at cinema halls in truckloads, making the film a runaway hit). When in the mid-80s, cinemas, facing the heat from television channels, stopped showing serious cinema, Benegal scripted and directed three stunning documentaries for Indian television, sponsored by various arms of the government. And just when critics figured he had grown too old to adapt to the times at 66 years, came his path breaking films Zubeida (2000) and then Welcome to Sajjanpur (2008), where the lines between alternate and mainstream cinema blurred forever. Benegal brushes such praise, however, with a wave of his hands. Flashing an almost embarrassed smile he is quick to either call it luck or good fortune or even pass the praise on to others. National Awards are not always for the most successful or popular film. Its more about films with a message, films that take up a social cause or talk about a national issue, he says when asked about his stranglehold over the award. Similarly he heaps praise on his mentor, Satyajit Ray, for not just opening his eyes to how good cinema could be made, but also for ensuring he got the Homi Bhaba Scholarship in the 1960s to go abroad and study film-makingthe singular event that finally made a young Benegal determined to move from advertising to film-making as a full-time job. As we realise over our hour-long conversation over chai, photo shoots and anecdote sharingBenegal is almost reluctant to accept the legend tag or that of a genius. But those who have watched his handling of a young Shabana Azmi in Ankur, or how he brought the best out of an untrained, untried Smita Patil in Bhumika, would swear by his genius. During a scene in Bhumika (1977), the main protagonist (Usha/Urvashi) looks into the mirror, staring at herself. The audience watching her in awe, are privileged to witness the birth of a starSmita Patil. It is possibly also the moment when many of those people truly comprehended the genius that is Benegal, as he effortlessly moves from his usual ruralscape to an urban story of a womans quest for identity and fulfillment. Loosely based on the life of Marathi stage actress Hansa Wadkar, Benegals Bhumika revolves around Patils character. With Usha, Benegal creates a complex personality, one that craves normality and convention, yet defies every notion of both. Patil gives the performance of her lifetime as Usha and Urvashi, and it is a privilege to watch her grow from a young woman to a screen star and finally to an embittered middle-aged mother. Bhumika of course was a special film

which marked a departure in Benegals usual story-telling style and is considered to be one of his best. However, it is all but impossible to select the best out of a body of work which spans across 50 years (he made his first documentary in Gujarati, Gher Betha Ganga, in 1962). Benegal has woven many tales, and all of them differently. Examining his films, a leitmotif does emergeall of them bring Indias margins to the mainstream. He has always portrayed sexual and societal inequalities through his characterseither through his strong-willed women fighting gender politics; exploited unorganised labour sectors; struggles of lower castes and tenant farmers. Before the Rizvis, Kashyaps, Banerjees and Dhulias burst across the multiplexes of India, the countrys voiceless found a hero in Benegal. No one championed their cause like him. Other members of new wave cinema (Benegals contemporaries) did focus on similar themes, but they portrayed a reality so ravaged that its humanity was often lost in all the bleakness. That was never the case with Benegal. From the time he made his debut, he tackled the terrible while entertaining. Now at 78, he is far from being done. I am busy with a television mini-series on the Constitution. The project is like a personal challenge; a 10-part series, 10 hours long. It is proving to be a momentous task and will take an year to finish; but we are researching, talking to people and so far have managed three parts. It is a work in progress, he informs in his characteristic deep voice. Considered as one of the founders of Indias new wave cinema, Benegal began his career in the 1970s. From then on and to this day, he has directed and scripted films which have helped shape Indias reputation on a global platform. What is refreshing about him is his creative fire, which is far from being doused.

Star Maker

Introduced by Benegal in Nishaant in 1975. He played a young zamindaar....

NASEERUDDIN SHAH

SHABANA AZMI debuted

in Ankur, which was also Benegals first film. Azmi calls Benegal her Godfather

PLAYING HOOKEY
Benegal was born in Trimulghery, a small garrison town near Secunderabad in Andhra Pradesh. He was born on December 14, 1934, in a Konkanispeaking family. He completed his graduation and postgraduation in economics from Osmania Universitys Nizam College. My father was a still photographer and ran a studio. He was a painter, an artist, a draughtsman and a keen amateur filmmaker. When I say amateur, I mean he made home movies on a 16-mm movie camera. It was a Paillard Bolex, a German camera. Whatever he shot, he would then edit and put together as family entertainment, he says. And his Gandhian father was pretty strict about the kind of cinema he would let his sons watch. He would see films made by New Theatre and Prabhat Film Company. He would

OM PURI starred in his first

main role in Benegals Arohan.With Shah and Azmi, Puri would become a mainstay in Benegals films

SMITA PATIL A Doordarshan

newscaster, the actress was introduced by Benegal in Charandas Chor

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\\ THE RELUCTANT GENIUS

RANBIR KAPOOR A very

capable actor. He has ability and range that belongs to the level of like Al Pacino and Marlon Brando. He is wonderful

NAWAZUDDIN SIDDIQUI

This boy is very good

RICHA CHADHAShe is

such a talented actor. High quality among the really new ones

take us (his elder brother and him) to see one film every month. What he didnt know was that I was seeing other films too. He was Gandhian in a way. He didnt want us to see too many films which depicted violenceeven if in a patriotic way. But I was playing hookey and going to the theatres every Thursday, says Benegal with a chuckle. When India gained its independence I was 12-and-ahalf-years-old. I dont remember much about those days, but remember visiting the cinemas often. Our towns standalone cinema would show three films in a weekan English, a Hindi and a regional language film. I grew up watching all sorts of cinema. His first cinema happened at the tender age of six and from the first scene itself, he was hooked. The magic never left me. From then on I decided that I would be a filmmaker. I was not interested in the star system or in actors, but in the process of filmmaking. So I read up as much as I could, reminisces the director. My eldest brother, who still lives in Kolkata, was studying art there. He was keen on films and subscribed to Penguin Film Review. It had serious articles on editing and directors. After he read them, he packed and sent them to me. I had a growing collection of books and magazines on cinema which was a rare possession for a young fellow. Parallely, Benegal was also trying to find ways of expressing himself which were not going to be simply a clone of what was being made in the mainstream industry. By that time Benegal was too entrenched in the movies made by neo-realists such as De Sica and Kurosawa to overtly indulge in willing suspension of disbelief. Books could teach him tonnes, but not everythingthey did not tell him what films did he wish to make. To figure that out Benegal took time off, slowed things down a bit. I hoped to direct a film one day. But I didnt understand exactly what sort of film would I direct. I started to write scripts and began a film club at college. What gave him

direction was, surprisingly, swimming. Both the Benegal boys were a sports-loving lot. The filmmaker was both a pugilist and a swimmer. I used to represent Hyderabad in the state-level swimming championships. In 1956, I went to Kolkata for a championship. In Kolkata my uncle ran a commercial art studio. He was a well-connected man as his firm handled publicity for all English language films. Side-by-side, he handled the commercial publicity for Uday Shankars dance troupe. He knew of my fascination so he casually invited me to see a film by a new director. The film, Pather Pachali, was by the new director Satyajit Ray. I saw Pather Pachali 12 times within a week. I was stunned. It gave me a sense of direction. It gave me hope that I could probably find my own, original way into filmmaking without having to tread the same path as anybody else. I would soon have my individual voice! The process to become one of Indias best had begun.

LEARNING AT LINTAS AND ASP

After finishing his higher studies, Benegal found himself at crossroads again. What could he do for a living? I did the obvioustravelled to Bombay looking for a job. Since I believed that I had some capability as a copy writer Bombay was the place to be. There, I met Guru Dutt. He was a cousin. Guru Dutt asked me to assist him in a film but not as a first assistant. I was to just hang around. I was not willing to do that. And I thought that if I hung around too much, I could carry an influential directors traits, habits and aesthetics into my filmmaking, which I didnt want, he admits. So, in August 16, 1958, he began a proper job as a copy editor at Lintas Media Group. It was a useful job as it would pay a decent sum of `175 per month. I didnt mind it at all as I received an opportunity to travelparticularly

filmograph timeline
1973
Ankur

1975

Nishant Charandas Chor

1976

Bhumika Manthan

1977

Kondura

1978

Kalyug Junoon

1980

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IDIOT BOX
In the 1980s Bharat Ek Khoj and Katha Sagar became the staple for Indian audiences

to the Northeastafter our agency found that several Lintas advertisements were not being shown in NE cinemas. So, I was packed off with three trunks full of ad-films to Assam. I placed them in cinemas across Assam Dibrugarh and Margaritaand then to other states such as Nagaland and Manipur which were strife-torn at that time. It was a great learning experience. And the time was right to be in the advertising sector. We were the second-generation of advertising professionals after pioneers such as Durga Khote (the yesteryear iconic actress who started her own advertising firm back in the 1950s). Within six months of joining Lintas, I ended up writing scripts, directing, editing and recording filmsdoing just about everything. That is how I learnt to make films! After his learning curve plateaued at Lintas Benegal quit to join ASP (Advertising, Sales and Promotion; an advertising firm). He began heading its film and radio departments and gradually rose through the ranks to manage the firms creative department. It is a period he recollects with fondness. It was his toughest and most rewarding period. I was also working on a film script based on a story I had written for my college magazine. The story caught my fancy, so I decided to make a script out of it. Eventually it became my first film, Ankur, he says. Initially few wished to finance Ankur till Blaze advertising Services stepped in. They were the largest distributors of ad films in the country. At one time they had around 2,000 cinemas captive across Indiaa near monopoly, except for the south of India. They offered to produce Ankur and I agreed. Meanwhile, Benegal had applied for the Homi Bhaba Fellowship. Rather, Satyajit Ray had recommended his name without letting the student know. Because Ray suggested it, I guess no one

Of Documentaries and Inspirations

he documentaries which I wrote and directed were heavily influenced by the realities that I witnessed in my hometown. As I was growing up I observed the strong, deeply ingrained feudal systems of India. And I also understood that land relations and politics were often the major points of strife between people. Some of the issues that deeply impacted me were political upheavals. One of them was the beginning of the Telengana Movement which began with the Operation Polo. It was the first insurrection which took place post-independence and close to where I was. In the final years of college when the Nehru government had granted amnesty to several Left-wing student leaders, a lot of STAYAJIT RAY An inspiration behind my seniors returned to the classes. Many Benegals tone and style, the of the boys who had left college, came back Bengali director was his referee as older and wiser men. Meeting them and talking to them became a source of inspiration. It was a stimulating time to be in college as the level of consciousness was much higher than I could have got anywhere else. Talking to different boys, men and people I decided to read everything that I could. So, I literally went through all sorts of literature from across the world. I guess, I learnt more outside the class talking to the seniors and reading, than I did in the class. It was also the time when issues of class progression and women empowerment were being increasingly discussed. Besides the feature films, Benegal has made several documentaries including Child of The Streets (1967), Nehru (1983), Satyajit Ray (1984) and Nature Symphony (1990).

1982

Aarohan

1983

Mandi

1985

Trikaal

1992

Antarnaad Suraj Ka Satwan Ghoda

1994

Hari Bhari Mammo Sardari Begum

2000

Zubeida

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\\ THE RELUCTANT GENIUS

The Hol y Trinity

could possibly say no, remembers Benegal. I had met him on the sets of Nayak and he had seen my work which consisted of three documentaries. Ray had seen Child On The Streets and liked it. I had the fortune of sitting with him and chatting over a length of time, every time we met. Soon, Ray became a referee to Benegals career. Because Ray had recommended it, Benegal made Blaze wait for a year before they could start with the film as he went off to study filmmaking. A year later, Ankur happened. And there was no looking back thereafter.

Within six months of joining Lintas, I ended up writing

THE NEW WAVE

Benegal considers himself lucky that most of the actors he introduced to Hindi cinema had come with excellent training. None were newbies. Naseer (Naseeruddin Shah) came from the NSD had worked with Girish Karnad in Tughlaq. None of these actors were picked from the streets. Om (Puri) and Amrish (Puri) had theatre backgrounds. Shabana (Azmi) of course was from the Film and Television Institute of India, Pune. Only Smita (Patil) had absolutely no background in acting, but she had a spontaneity that was extraordinary. So she made up for not being a trained artist. It was never difficult to direct them. They were already honed. Benegals later films Nishant, Manthan, Bhumika and Junoon added strength to the New Wave Cinema movement that began in the 1970s. Benegal had the distinction of being the only filmmaker for whom the poor became producers. Manthan and several other films of mine had cooperative funding, he admits.

scripts, directing, editing and recording films

Shyam Benegal

His first three films form a thematic trilogy Ankur on Indias feudal system, Nishant on the confrontation between feudal systems and new emerging rural society and Manthan on social change

TELEVISION WINS
Late 1970s and early 1980s saw the decline of the new cinema as television became national for the first time. In the early 1970s India had no entertainment but films and television was restricted to Bombay and Delhi. By the beginning of 1980s and post Asian Games, the country had terrestrial means to broadcast television, which meant that television began to take away a lot of the cinema revenue, which were

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WATER BABY
It is Benegals passion for swimming that stood him in good stead

MULTIPLEX DREAMS
Today Benegal has a finger on the multiplex audiences pulse. Compared to a lot of non-mainstream directors, he seems more patient with the (often) ridiculously formulaic Hindi mainstream cinema. While addressing its concerns in an April symposium, Benegal pointed out, It (Hindi mainstream film industry) is an expensive and serious business. Very expensive. And films flop. Despite or, perhaps, because of this, the Indian film industry ticks. Flop is a relative term. Very few films are known to fail altogether. The only thing that might happen to a film is that it may recover its cost over a longer period of time. It is but natural that distributors who market films have defined them as those meant (a) for the masses, (b) for the classes, (c) art films that will attract no audience. The films that are likely to be the biggest successes are the ones made for the masses. They could be defined as films that are utterly naive in their story content, with non-existent character development and two dimensional emotional and intellectual attitudes. Benegal is also kinder. Which is why probably his work has managed to find the balance between mainstream Bollywood and the so-called art or parallel cinema. Surprising his fans he entered Bollywood with Zubeida, Welcome to Sajjanpur and the most-recent, Well Done Abba. You have to stay young, to feel the pulse of the younger generation. When I did these recent films, I wasnt really moving to the mainstream or doing commercial films. Those lines were blurred long ago. Both genres now borrow liberally from each other. What would you call Omkara or Gangs of Wasseypur? I stuck to my core but also adapted to the changing times, he says. That is something you have to do. Unless you adapt to changing times, you will be dated. Todays newspaper is hot. Yesterdays news is dead. I do not want to be yesterdays news, he laughs. The energy, the enthusiasm this man exudes at 78 is infectious, almost unreal. At 19, he was a swimming champion, representing his state Hyderabad in the 800 and 1,500-metres at the national championships. It was a swimming championship that brought him to Kolkata in 1956fate some would call itand introduced him to Rays Pather Panchali, a film that he admits changed his life. But it his training in long-distance swimming (if you think 1,500 metres is a walk in the park, try doing 30 laps in an Olympic-sized swimming pool) that has stood him in good stead at 78. Swimming long distance teaches you never to give up. It teaches you endurance, it teaches you to think on the move, innovate and survive, he says. Thats exactly what Benegal has done through his career. And that is why he has withstood the test of time and emerged as a legend. A true legend in the annals of the Indian film industry.

growing by 6 to 7 per cent annually till then. Post-television era, revenues plummeted and some films started to disappear from the citizens entertainment dossier. The first types to disappear off the stream were the ones that were off mainstream. You see, if you managed to fill the theatre even 80 per cent (in a hall of 1,000) you managed to break even. You had to be 90 per cent or more full to get even a little trickle as a producer. Also this was the time that Amitabh Bachchan was ruling the roost. He led the era of blockbusters and multi-star casts. So 60 per cent of the industry depended on stars, he explains. During that period, when Indian new wave cinema witnessed a collapse, Benegal moved his attention to the upcoming mass media medium, the television. He produced a teleserial Bharat Ek Khoj based on Jawaharlal Nehrus book Discovery of India for Doordarshan. It was not an easy period. Because of the subjects I chose which were not in popular demand. The industry economies meant that if your film did not meet popular demand, you didnt stand a chance. Thankfully, I didnt have to compromise. But yes I briefly gave up filmmaking and went into television with Katha Sagar, Bharat Ek Khoj and Yatra to keep myself afloat. Bharat Ek Khoj changed everything for me, with its 53 hours of filming. It was made to last. The early 1990s he returned to the Big Screen thanks to funding that he received from The National Film Development Corporation of India which produced Suraj Ka Satvan Ghoda while the Ministry of Health funded Saamar and the Ministry of Child and Family Welfare chipped in for Hari Bhari, about a womans right to reproduction.

Why he works when others do not? Because he is there not to forget. He does not use cinematography to capture the ravaged beauty of the rural hinterlands and then make them only the backdrop. His films are led by the actors (characters) more than scenes. A lot of people opine that Benegal has not made a great film since 1992 when he did his

His Magic

Suraj Ka Satvan Ghoda.

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social agenda
\\ SOCIAL RECRUITING

Social Recruiting
Use networks wisely to make your company name more visible
BY TUSHAR KANWAR

Easy

Made

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social agenda
SOCIAL RECRUITING //

he resume is dead; at least it should be, given that it is no more than an inconsistently formatted and often exaggerated version of a professional self. Just ask any backgroundscreening firm, and they will tell you nearly half of the resumes they verify have some education or experience embellishment. Keeping the modern job-seeker honest is the new professional online profile, such as the one hugely popularised by LinkedIn, where thousands of recruiting professionals are sourced every day. With your educational and professional history available to everyoneclients, colleagues, ex-colleagues and batch matesto whom you are connected, not to forget recommendations, the online profile is a far more credible representation of yourself. Would you not agree? Thats a fact that is being acknowledged by firms looking for talent as well. What

started with every large company and a number of start-ups advertising and posting jobs on LinkedIn, has now moved onto other non-professional social networks Wipro, Infosys, Cognizant are using Twitter to share vacancies via @infosyscareers, @ wiprocareers and @joinCognizant. Dell lets you search for openings via their DellCareersAPJ Facebook page. And then there are the start-ups looking to make the matching game a lot easier. Take Path.to and Bright for instance. They mine your social presence and find jobs for you based on connections. Or Smarterer, which evaluates your stated skills via assessments, giving employers candidates with validated skills. There is SmartRecruiters, a free, cloud-based applicant tracking and social recruiting system, which lets recruiters post jobs on Facebook with a click. Plus a bunch of talent-based communities like BraveNewTalent, TalentCircles and SelectMinds, which match candidates interests and employers needs. Let us not forget Branchout, The #1 Professional Network on Facebook, which is re-creating LinkedIn within the entire Facebook environment, and their competitor BeKnown, which is a division of Monster. com. Together, social recruiting start-ups are helping firms piece together parts of the puzzlewho you are, what skills you have and what jobs you would be best at. Armed with this data, firms can jump-start their hiring process. With cloud-based recruiting platforms, there is no software to instal or learning curve to deal with. Just get the recruiting team on to the platform, post the jobs and you are set. In fact, platforms also make it easy to store all recruiting-related content and data in one organised place. Combined with external integrations with e-mail and calendaring systems, the platforms can bring enterprise-level recruiting capabilities to companies of all sizes, at a fraction of the cost. But keep in mind, it is

TIPS & TOOLS

Start where people are: The key to social recruiting is to figure out where the people are. Browse sites to get a sense of people who use the site: large sites like LinkedIn and Facebook offer access to a larger database. While industryfocused sites offer smaller audience. Set up an account at each if need be. Post open positions on your status updates: This simple method is free and information can be viewed by your entire network. Even if no one there is looking, they may know someone who might be. Online recruiting starts in your office: When building an online network, do not forget your biggest asset: current employees. Treat others as you would like to be treated: If a connection is looking to fill a position or seeking advice in your area of expertise, make an effort. Get LinkedIn : LinkedIn is a dedicated business networking site, and offers the easiest access to resume-style information. Quality vs quantity: It is a standard social media debate: is it better to build quantity of contacts or improve quality of relationships? The answer is the latter. The larger your network, the more people you can reach. But having 50 people who know you and will certainly help you with your search, is far more valuable than 500 people who cannot recall why they are connected to you.

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\\ SOCIAL RECRUITING

easy for firms to get excited about the buzz of social recruiting and see no real results coming in. The investment in effort goes beyond a mere job posting. Firms have to see social HR initiatives as much more than another job board. Recruiting on social media is all about building relationships. This can be achieved only by creating discussions for users to participate in and sharing relevant information. Firms must use social mechanisms to start a two-way communication between the firm and a prospective employee. Otherwise, they run the risk of users becoming disengaged if they do not find a job of interest. And those who do will likely abandon the community since it no longer serves their purpose. But what if you are on the other side? Understanding the rules of social recruitment may be the key to improving your odds of getting noticed. First (the obvious) your profile must be up-to-date even if you are not job hunting. Not only will it not raise eyebrows in your current job if you make a habit of regularly keeping your online resume up-to-date, but firms can chance upon a better profile even if you are not looking. Next, be judicious about your brand. Not only should you connect with thought leaders in your space in LinkedIn forums (as you would in the real world), but you should also be mindful about other social media profiles you link to. Ask yourself thisdo my blog posts or twitter account show me in good light? If not, it is best to leave it off your profile. Having said that, always remember that on the web, if it can be known, it will be known. So if your Facebook posts are personal, you may want to restrict profile visibility and certainly keep it off the radar for public search engines. Finally, remember that social recruiting is meant to be social in naturestrike up conversations with potential employers and firms you are interested in, either on LinkedIn or industry or domain-focused communities. (The Social Media Recruitment Survival Guide http://bit.ly/DW-SocRec)
Tushar Kanwar, a self-confessed gizmo-holic, is Bengaluru-based technology freelancer, who has contributed to leading Indian technology publications for years.

What Ho!

BLOG WATCH

Why We Dont Fare Well...

Theres a fair amount of hand-wringing every time an Olympics ends. Why does India, a nation of 1.2 billion, prove incapable of winning even a single gold? Should we blame our sports bodies run by corrupt politicians? Do we blame athletes? Heres my takeblame the difference in mythologies. There is a tale in Greek mythology, featuring prominently in Homers Iliad of how Achilles, flawed, and yet, most celebrated of Greek heros, seeks to avenge his friend Patroclus' death. Blinded by anger, Achilles destroys the Trojan Army and challenges Hector, Troy's crown prince, to combat. Homers description of Hectors valiant but vain heroics is one of the highlights of Iliad. This tale has a parallel in Mahabharatawhen Arjuna swears revenge on Jayadratha, the King of Sindh, after hearing of the demise of Abhimanyu. Achilles and Arjuna's anger is said to have been so terrible that even Gods did not dare cross their paths. There are similarities in the heroics of Arjuna and Achillesthen there are the distinct differences in the psyche. To illustrate, lets see what happens after Achilles and Arjuna get their revenge. Achilles sits brooding in his tent, unable to come to terms with his friend's death. The corpse of Hector, chained to his chariot, lies outside in the dirt. Achilles comes to his senses at the urging of the ghost of Patroclus and relinquishes Hectors body to his father, King Priam of Troy, who comes in to plead for it. Somewhat appeased, Achilles mourns his best friend in a manner only Greeks canhe conducts the grandest of funeral games with an invocation to Zeus, with chariot races, boxing, spear throwing and wrestling. Odysseus (the King of Ithaca) and Aias or Ajax (Achilles' cousin), two greatest Greek heros, compete in boxing. Even Trojans gather and watch as the great warriors spur. In contrast, Arjuna, on fulfilling his vow of destroying Jayadratha, seeks refuge in his tent where hes consoled by Krishna, who reminds him of the ephemeral nature of life. No games with no celebration or mourningweve shaped ourselves differently. To the Greeks the Games symbolised dominance. Indians viewed soundness of body as a stepping stone towards happiness. They took yoga shaastra, flexibility of body and mind, seriously. Indians emphasised flexibility, not competition. There is not a single (significant) example of a sporting event in the Indian mythology. The western worldRomans or everyone who came latermodelled itself after the ancient Greeks. Much as we like to describe it as a celebration of human spirit, Games reflect the Greek concept of dominance and physical superiority. We carry-on with the tradition of non-competitive, stepping stone approach to fitness. The answer to why a nation of 1.2 billion struggling to win may lie in the way weve shaped ourselves. Weve never been competitive. Question is; should we change? Should we, like China, find a way to overcome our historical bias and build sports factories? Or should we concentrate on the 'extraordinary human spirit'? If the Games are all about human spiritshould it make a difference if a Botswanan wins a gold and not an Indian? Once I was driving through a Greek village in Peloponnese. We stopped to ask for directions. As we talked, an old Greek gentleman, with his ten-day-old, white stubble and crooked teeth, smiled and said, Arent you Indian? We Greeks and Indians are old friends. "Yes, sir, we are old friends with great traditions," I thought. And, we respect each other. But, weve shaped ourselves differently. I, for one, do not mourn our lack of medals in the Olympics. I, like a Trojan, prefer to watch in awe as great warriors compete, even if they are Greeks. We Indians have a tradition in embracing greatness and truth wherever it is to be found. Lets not lose sight of that in our angst to produce more winners. (To read more visit: http://whatho.in/)

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PLATFORM
JOHN ELLIOTT | Journalist

Gandhi government did not have a plan, but does the country have one now?

The Northeast problem; The Indira

DURING A FINANCIAL Times Indira Gandhi told me during a Financial Times interview in February 1983 that her government would wait until a crisis in Assam cooled down before taking the next step to resolve issues that had led to some 3,000 people being killed. There had been controversial state Assembly elections in the state, and the government had sent in 75,000 troops to control the violence. The Indian Prime Minister said that she had no plan as such to resolve the crisis. The problems of illegal immigrants from neighbouring Bangladesh dated back to Indian partition in 1947 and we cant just wish that away. Bangladesh should, she added, take back migrants who had entered India when their country was being created (out of Pakistan) in a 1971 war. Beyond that, she said blandly, her Government would wait. (Financial Times February 25, 1983). At the time, new to South Asia, I was shocked that a Prime Minister could stand back while so many people were killed, though Mrs Gandhi had belatedly visited the area. Now nearly 30 years later, the prob-

lems of Assam and other Northeastern states remain, and it seems that the Indian government is still waiting until the situation cools down. But the world is different, as has been demonstrated last month (August) in what was probably one of the biggest sudden mass migrations since the partition of India and Pakistan in 1947. Tens of thousands of Assamese and other workers and students from Northeastern India fled home from Bengaluru and other cities in the south because they feared mass attacks after very-exaggerated social media reports of clashes in the northeast between indigenous Assamese tribals and Muslim settlers. Bengalispeaking Muslims had been forced out of their villages in attacks staged by the indigenous Bodo tribe. This put more than 300,000 Muslim refugees in relief camps, which was of course an extremely serious human crisis. But the panic in Bengaluru, Pune, Chennai, Mumbai and elsewhere was induced by hugely exaggerated reports and pictures faking anti-Muslim atrocities that had never

ABOUT THE WRITER

John Elliott
is a Delhi-based British journalist who has been working in South Asia for approximately 20 years now. In the meantime, Elliott has written for the Financial Times, Fortune, Economist and the New Statesman. You can read his blog and follow him from here: http:// ridingtheelephant. wordpress.com

happened in Assam. One of the photographs on the net was for example of a mass grave in Bhutan after an earthquake there, and had nothing at all to do with Indias Northeast. These fakes were carried and spread by mobile phone text messages and other social networks such as Facebook and Twitter, which inevitably led to a government crackdown, temporarily banning bulk text messages, closing about 250 allegedly offending web pages, and claiming that many of the false messages originated in Pakistan (which Pakistan has rejected). There are many lessons to be learned from these events, not least the way that social media can be used quickly to stir up trouble in international as well as local conflicts. This is clearly a controversial area because there is, quite correctly, concern that governments should not use controls on websites and other social media vehicles such as Twitter and Google to block items that they find politically objectionable. On the other hand, there is a case for taking action for internal

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JOHN ELLIOT T //
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and external security reasons. That is a fine line which will be endlessly debated. There are also lessons about how increased labour mobility means that communities need to absorb newcomers, as well as about older problems such as the treatment of both ethnic and religious minorities and migrants from neighbouring countries. But perhaps the biggest lesson for India is that the seven Northeastern statesoften known as the Seven Sisterscan no longer be treated Indira Gandhi-style as a distant delayable problem. Ever since independence in 1947, the Indian government has regarded armed insurgencies and other uprisings and illegal immigration issues in states such as Assam, Nagaland and Manipur as events that have virtually no impact on the rest of India, located as they are far away on the other side of Bangladesh. That is rather similar to the way that the growing threat from Naxalite (Maoist) rebels in central and eastern India used to be regarded as a distant irritant that did not need Delhis urgent attention something that has been corrected in the last two or there years. This is yet another example of how India can no longer survive as it has in the past by simply turning muddle and adversity into some form of (often inadequate) success, assuming

Ever since independence in 1947, the Indian government has regarded armed insurgencies and other uprisings and illegal immigration issues in states such as Assam, Nagaland and Manipur as events that have virtually no impact on India
that everything will eventually function adequately. The pace of events and economic developmentand now of communicationsmeans that issues such as the Northeast can (to use an English idiom) no longer be swept under the carpet, as they have been for decades. The escalation of the various forms of social mediaand economic integrationshould indeed help to bind the country together, with the north-east being seen as part of Indias mainstream. But such developments can also split India apart, with the people like those from the Northeast feeling so isolated and vulnerable in southern Indian cities that they flee home. So the Northeast has indeed come to Delhi, in a political sense. It has also come as a social and economic phenomena with a vast influx of mostly young, energetic and friendly people who have come to the capital and the southern cities for work, or as students. The staff come from the Northeast, is a remark frequently heard about a restaurant. This is not said in a derogatory way, but as a slightly dismissive description of a people who, looking more Far East than most Indians, are indeed regarded as internal migrants from a distant part of the country and not as part of the mainstream, even though they have become an important part of these cities economies. Yet when Mary Kom from Manipur won a boxing bronze medal in the Olympic Games, India celebrated with a fervour that could not have been greater if she had come from Mumbai or Delhi. Next February, it will be 30 years since Indira Gandhi said in the FT interview that she was waiting with no plan. Various steps have of course been taken since then,but the Northeast has never been the focus of government attention that it needs to be, and the basic problems clearly remain. But the world is now different, as we have seen in the past few weeks, so surely the waiting game is over.

(The views expressed in this column are of the author alone)

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looking back
\\ NEMAI GHOSH

PHOTO BY DELHI ART GALLERY

VISUAL CHRONICLER
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THE

Photographer Nemai Ghosh had three trunks-full of film negatives chronicling Bengal and Hindi film industries. And there he was, ready to dump it all into the Ganges

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looking back
NEMAI GHOSH //

y journey as a photographer began serendipitously. Often things in life which give us much joy begin such. A friend, Gopal Ghosh, owed me `240. He repaid the money in kind and I became a photographer. However, I should tell that story later. First a bit about the extended family I grew up in. My family was not an artistically-inclined one. But art was a good word for usso much so that as a struggling photographer I would often seek help from them to tide things over in tough times. For them the art world was so sacred and required such talent and dedication that my intention of becoming a novelist was dismissed by a brotherin-law in seconds. I had shown him a draft of a novel which I had written and was mightily pleased with. Like a conscientious good Bengali gentleman, he poo-pooed the idea stating that unless I had read a thousand (or was it more?) novels I should not even dare to pen a line. There ended that chapter. I may have been fast to abandon my career as a novelist, but my relationship with theatre, actors and techniciansart directors, camera people and production assistants has been a strong one. Theatre has been a passion since my youth. I eventually found myself in the Little Theatre Group run by Utpal Dutt, a pioneer of Bengals theatre scene. I received an opportunity of a lifetime to watch the legend at work, learnt concepts of light, darkness, shade, perspective, depth, tone and composition with him. Without realising, I learnt how to observe rather than just see. The stage also gave me my buddies. Those who would gather at my South Calcutta home for a game of cards. I did not play then and I still do not. But I enjoy the feeling of joie de vivre that games encouragethe laughter, arguments and discussions. It was during one

I never came on the sets as a documentarist, but I became one. I entered into a relationship of personal trust with the legend, which allowed me the freedom of space and free access to his private and public lives
Nemai Ghosh
such game (with me watching from the sidelines as usual) that I held my first camera. That particular day, friend Gopal Ghosh walked in triumphantly with a Canon8 QL17 (fixed lens). Take a look, he said holding it high for everyone. He knew that I had little idea of cameras and would show it to my friends who did. I showed Ghoshs camerafound by his mother-in-law in her taxi and then obtained from the taxi driver for `10 as a bribeto Joypratap Mitra, assistant cameraman to Satyajit Ray, and Bhanu Ghosh, production controller at the same team. Ghoshs attempt to gauge his cameras worth proved to be disastrous for him. Keep the camera Nemai, if he lets you. You dont have to buy film rolls, I will give you the cut pieces (rolls of films that remain in a reel after a scene has been shot), said Mitra in a whisper. I started an argument with Ghosh. He wished to sell his camera for `600. I obtained it for `240, which I never paid, as it was a sum that Ghosh owed me. And the Canon8 QL17 was mine. One of my theatre colleagues was Robi Ghosha well-known Bengali comedian and constant fixture in Rays films, including Goopy Gyne, Bagha Byne, which was being shot in those days. Because Robi was involved in that particular film, theatre rehearsals were temporarily suspended. Armed with a newly-acquired camera and two five-feet rolls given to me by Joypratap Mitra, some of us theatre friends of Robi landed up at Rampurhat, where he was shooting. On that day, the team was rehearsing a smaller sequence in which water drops on a dhol creating a constant thud-thud; a simple shot, but so wellplanned by Ray. I was in such awe of this directors sheer genius that I finished two rolls snapping his pictures. The technical know-how came from Joypratap Mitra and the angle was based on pure instinct and on what stage had taught me. In those days, I used to frequent a hub called Studio Renaissance run by BK Sanyal, one of pioneers who began the Renaissance Camera Group in Calcutta which later became the Photographic Association of Bengal. His studio was more like an intellectual central frequented by Ritwik Ghatak, Mrinal Sen, Tapan Sinha, Ali Akbar and Ravi Shankar, to name a few. Sanyal was fond of me. With trepidation I asked the expert to develop my films. They are of Satyajit Ray, I proudly declared. He didnt require prompting and disappeared into the dark room to come back after a few minutes to punch my arm and plant a kiss on my forehead. Carry on, he told meit was like a blessing coming from the 65-year-old photographer. He was the one who gave me the idea to make contact sheets. And I made them on a larkjust to show the world that I had taken pictures of Manik-da, as Satyajit Ray was known. Life went

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looking back
\\ NEMAI GHOSH

on for a bit, till another card game brought Bankshicharan Bandopadhyay (a senior photographer and cameraman in Rays team) to my house. He was the one who informed me that Ray was shooting again. Why dont you join us? And bring the sheets along, he said. I was more than happy to oblige. This time I had an audience with the master during one of the breaks, Bandopadhyay called Ray over and asked him to look through the sheets. Though he hardly said anythingfrom that day onwards I had found a place in Rays sets. I never came on the sets as a documentarist, but I became one. I entered into a relationship of personal trust with the legend, which allowed me the freedom of space and free access to his private and public lives. I had complete access to his home. I could walk into his house at 6am when I knew he would be the one up and about, sipping his tea and reading his newspaper. Or go again at 11.30pm or 12.00pm when he would work under that solitary lamp in the studio. An attentive man to the core he would ask How would you go home?. Every time I would let him know that I lived close by. One night around 9.00pm, one of Manik-das camera assistants informed me that I was going for a shoot in Sikkim. Usually, Manik-da lived on his own, away from the crew on his film sets. As a director he was far more disciplined and had few vices, thus he preferred to be on his

SNIPPET
Snapshots: (Left) A still from Shatranj Ki Khiladi. (Above) A scene from The Middleman

NAME: Nemai Ghosh PROFESSION: Photographer

Goddess: A still

from Days and Nights in the Forest

The Legend: Satyajit

Ray at work

own while he was off duty. For Sikkim I remember that I got to share the room with him. Needless to add that I was in such awe of the man that I was at his beck and call all the time. I remember that after a night of celebration, I had barely slept when he called me up to go on a location hunt. I got up at the first call. He was a strict man. And he was a genius who got respect because of his talent. The crew loved him. As days went by, people came to label me as as Rays Boswell with a camera. I had tried to record his moments of silence, mediation, work

and study in the simulated studio sets, on location, with his close collaborators, his actors and technicians, or in any crowd. Through him my access to the Bengal film industry was firmly establishedhe was my Press Card. People took me far more seriously because Manik-da gave me access. It is true that I could not make a headway into the Hindi film industry though I have been a part of a lot of lives there. I became close to Jaya Bachchan, who was a Kali devotee. I visited her when Amitabh Bachchan had the major accident during Coolie with the prasad from Calcuttas Kalighat Temple. I have been able to be there with the stars and actors because I have been emotionally invested in their lives, their stories and because I was simply interested in them. Needless to add that after Ray died, for two years I barely picked up the camera. I lost interest in it, till I made a journey to the Kutch region. It was a ordinary holiday with such extraordinary beauty that the camera beckoned once more.

I Wish I Could...
Is it not an easy question to answer? If not a photographer I would have become a theatre actor. I really loved the stage.

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DECRIMINALISATION OF PROSTITUTION //

issue

Is Sex Work Real Work?

NEW ZEALAND CLUE
New Zealand is a country that decriminalised prostitution. Despite decriminalisation a study conducted by the US State Department shows that since decriminalisation in 2003, there has been a 200 to 400% increase in street prostitution in Auckland. Prostitution of children and youth has also increased with humanitarian agencies declaring that indigenous Maori children were at highest risk.

issue | decriminalisation of prostitution

An official estimate states there are around 2.8 million prostitutes operating in 400 red-light areas in India. More than 35 per cent of these women enter the trade before they reach 18 years. The biggest organised trade is in the metros of Mumbai and Kolkata. The Immoral Traffic in Women and Children (Prevention) Act, 1986, (IPTA) is the main statute dealing with sexual activities in India. BY ROHINI BANERJEE
Last amended in 1986, the IPTA (as it stands) does not directly penalise sex workers. It punishes soliciting, living off earnings of prostitution, and procuring, detaining of women and minors, brothel keeping, abetment to brothel keeping, renting premises for the purposes of prostitution, and conducting activity in the vicinity of public places remained. Clients transgress the law only if the sex worker is under the age of 16 years or if the act takes place within 183 metres of a public place or a notified area declared to be prostitution-free by the government. In 2009, the Supreme Court came to a conclusion that the country was better off to legalise prostitution. Despite fierce criticism by abolitionists, people proposed that decriminalisation of prostitution might be a better fit for the Indias case of sex industry. Advocates for both decriminalisation and legalisation of prostitution are basing their arguments on the examples of other developed countries especially New Zealand, which is frequently used as an example of a country that has successfully decriminalised. Though legalisation and decriminalisation are used interchangeably, they do not mean the same. To legalise something is to authorise it. When prostitution is legalised in a country, sex workers are recognised as professionals. Therefore, they have to register or get licenced as professionals, which allows a heavy intervention of government authorities over the industry. In Germany and Australia where prostitution is legalised, sex workers are required to submit fingerprints, photographs and personal information to the police station. To decriminalise, on the other hand, is to eliminate criminal penalties for or remove legal restrictions against. Advocates for decriminalisation of prostitution argue that the system allows the prostitutes to exercise their choice with voluntary consent to the customers. Advocates for decriminalisation of prostitution apply the same criteria to private consenting adult sex, to the principle of regulating sex industry. Therefore, they argue that prostitution should not be prohibited if it was performed in a privacy of ones home or hotel and if the money is freely exchanged with consent. Advocates also argue that decriminalisation will encourage sex workers to seek help from police since prostitution will no longer be illegal. They also assert that decriminalisation will reduce crimes against women and men who are involved in the trade. DW talks to Indrani Sinha of Sanlaap (an anti-trafficking and anti-decriminalisation NGO) and Dr S. Jana of Durbar Mahila Samanwaya Committee (prodecriminalisation) for a closer look.

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issue

\\ DECRIMINALISATION OF PROSTITUTION

INDRANI SINHA// The debate of decriminali-

Director, Sanlaap

INDRANI SINHA

sation in India has a history. Sanlaaps fight has been against trafficking of minors, a common occurrence in this trade. When we began looking at the matter closely, Sanlaap was with organisations demanding decriminalisation of prostitution. At that point of time it seemed like a logical, legitimate way out of the conundrum. However, as we gathered more data, we realised that decriminalisation could possibly not be an answer. The demand of decriminalisation is that there would be no police raid, that women involved in the sex industry could not be arrested. However, one needs to remember a womans role in this industry. She is both the victim and the perpetratorthis business runs keeping women at the forefront. The women are often brothel managers and traffickers, because they win peoples trust because they are naturally trusted. If we say that a woman in prostitution cannot be arrested (in case the industry is decriminalised) then the business will be carried out by putting women as puppet heads while strings will be pulled by men, remaining invisible but wielding all the power, control and money. Participants (pimps, women in prostitution) have been asking for deriminalisation because it will allow some of them to hang on to the power that they have over the real victimsthe trafficked minors. If a state keeps its brothels intact, then authorities are also authorising the demand for sex. When we say this, we are not commenting on sexual preferences or peoples sexual appetiteswhat is important to us, as an organisation and as part of the civil society, is to point out that there is no exchange of money between consenting adults to establish relationshipswhether sexual or emotional. Sex work is not real workit is essentially an exploitative relationship where one party is never free. As a society we are yet to move to a world where we consider everyone as equal. Unless we create such a radical society, talking of prostitutes as sex workers will be futile. Because mainstream society will never accept women in prostitution as free individuals, entitled to rights. To pretend

Indrani Sinha began Sanlaap in 1987 to work for the rights of women and children. Between 1989 and 1990, a study revealed that girls who were sexually abused when they came in search of work, often ended up in red light areas. The plight of girls who had been trafficked became the focus of Sanlaaps work
that we will be able to alleviate them by giving rights is just putting more power into the hands that determine their fates (pimps, brothel owners and middlemen who may also be women). We believe that brothels should be closed. If there are brothels then there would be people running them. If these people exist, then so does trafficking. There are few women in prostitutiona majority of women in prostitution are underage girls (minors) in clandestine prostitution. The government is accountable for the safety of all these women and minors. The proponents assume that once decriminalised, prostitutes will be willing to come forward to the police station for help in case of violence or abuse. However, the New Zealand case blatantly disproves their assumption. Further, in case of India, many prostitutes are illiterate and come from the low castes. Whether or not prostitution becomes decriminalised, their understanding of their legal rights as well as their view of themselves will not be affected by it. Their illiteracy already prevents them from understanding their constitutional rights, and their self-image is deeply controlled by the attitude of our culture towards people in the low castes, classes and in profession to which they belong. If decriminalisation affects prostitution, it will only add certain (more complicated) problems that New Zealand is experiencing because of decriminalisation.

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DECRIMINALISATION OF PROSTITUTION //

issue

DR S. JANA// Sex work is criminalised in

our country through an existing Act called IPTAthough the Act does not directly criminalise sex work, activities pertaining to it, which includes soliciting, living on the earnings of a sex worker or renting out premises for sex work, can be construed as criminal acts (only a sex worker running her business on her own property is seen as running a legal operation). Women, men or transgenders who come to cities in search of (unskilled) work cannot afford to buy property. A lot of these migrant workerswhether they enter a profession willingly or notlive with landlords who do not give rent receipts that signify them as a legitimate boarders; making the stay unofficial. The situation becomes problematic because women, men or transgenders who are in this profession are left at the mercy of landlords. The second problem arises from the second clause, which makes it illegal for adults to live off the money received from prostitution. This clause affects the children

when they turn 18 and are held responsible for living off their parents illegal occupation. Most of them cannot pursue higher education or seek medical help due to this clause. A lot of sex workers not only support their children, they are often responsible for the well-being of their families (parents, inlaws or spouses), who are held as criminals in the eyes of the law. Soliciting is also a criminal offence. Interestingly, the act does not define the clauses under which an act can be defined as soliciting. The interpretation is left to the discretion of police, who end up exploiting and dehumanising sex workers even more. Historically red-light areas are established on the city fringes. As cities grow, red-light areas came closer to the residential, decent

DR S. JANA
Principal SRTI, India

Durbar in Bengali means unstoppable. The organisation represents 65,000 sex workers and is active in identifying and challenging the underlying socio-structural factors that help perpetuate stigma material deprivation and social exclusion

areas. As need for real estate also grows, developers and real estate agents become other agents who harass sex workers. Often tenants are evicted from places they have called home for years. No one acknowledges sex workers as citizens. That they are a part of the 92 per cent of the unorganised labour forces in this country. That their problems are also those affecting the daily-wage labourers and domestic helps. They are equally, if not more, vulnerable because of the work that they do. The law that has been put in place to make their lives simpler, often victimises them further. That is why as an organisation we have advocated for the decriminalisation of sex work. What authorities need to decide is whether they aim to help a sex worker lead an independent life (and assist them to get out of his or her situation) or penalise him / her further. To equate sex work with criminal act is taking things too far. I am aware that a lot of people believe that decriminalisation leads to greater trafficking of minors. I disagree. I believe that making the trade more systemic is going to have the opposite effect. If you go through evidences, trafficking happens in all unorganised sectors (agriculture and domestic help sectors). One never sees people getting trafficked to be made into IT workers. It is only the unskilled labourers who are forcibly migratedbecause there is little system in the sectors. If a trade is regulated, for employers it is never lucrative nor profitable to recruit underage people. If you make it transparent then the possibility of recruting minors will automatically come down. If there is a brothel and people know where it is exists, then it would be easier for authorities to regulate trafficking of minors, carry out AIDS prevention programmes or regulate the health of sex workers. Sex workers by virtue of their low socio-economic and caste backgrounds, and because of the general prestige of women in this country; are incapable of exerting their agencies. Unless they are put in a place where they can collectivise, seek empowerment and exert their collective bargaining power, their lives will never improve and nor will their children escape their parents fate.

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JONATHAN POWER | Journalist, Filmmaker

PLATFORM

Hunting down war criminals

The long hand of international justice

as a war criminal. Today will resume the trial of Congolese politician and warlord, Jean-Pierre Bemba Not since the days of the Nuremberg trials of the leading Nazis has the publics interest been so aroused on how to punish the bad guys (there are no bad women!). The change of mood was aptly summed up by the former East Timorese resistance leader and Nobel Peace Prize laureate, Jose Ramos-Horta, who said: In this day and age you cannot kill tens of thousands of people, destroy a whole country and then just get fired. International law, so used to run the common critique, is imprecise, often unenforceable and irrelevant. In 1987 the political scientists Stephen Haggard and Beth Simmons expressed the then prevailing view in academia that the study of international law was virtually moribund. Sixteen years later, in the wake of the Pinochet affair and with the trial of former Serbian president, Slobodan Milosevic, these widely held notions underwent a marked sea-change. The media began to treat war crimes as serious issues for the first time since the trial of Nazi war criminals at Nuremberg. Doubters, not least the US government, have come round to seeing that an ICC arrest and prosecution is a sharp weapon in the quest for furthering democracy, limiting war and furthering the pursuit of human rights. President George W. Bush during his last couple of years in office moved from his total hostility to the Court to quiet cooperation. Under Barack Obama the US has become a public enthusiast, working successfully in the UN Security Council to persuade it to ask the ICC to prosecute Gadhafi. If Obama wins a second term there is a good chance that the US will formally join the ICC. Alas, India doesnt even debate membership. It is a non-issue for this democracy

THERE can

be no question that if President Bashar al-Assad of Syria falls, the International Criminal Court will want to put him on trial for war crimes. The long arm of international law will reach him wherever he flees to. The ICC has an unblemished record in bringing to The Hague, the Courts headquarters, the people they want. As the great heavyweight boxer, Joe Louis, once said, You can run but you can not hide. This week a new term begins for the justices. In the last couple of years there has been the capture of the alleged war criminals, Ratko Mladic of Serbia, Bernard Munyagishari of Rwanda, Charles Taylor of Liberia and the decision by the UN Security Council to ask the chief prosecutor of the International Criminal Court to send to trial the late Muammar Gadhafi. There was also the killing of Osama bin Laden who, if he had been captured instead, would have been tried

Author

Jonathan Power
is an author, filmmaker and journalist. Power has been a columnist for the International Herald Tribune for 17 years as a foreign affairs commentator. He was the first journalist to interview Manmohan Singh after he was made the Prime Minister

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JONATHAN POWER //

platform

The notion of universal jurisdiction has been brought out of the cupboard. Once confined to old issues, it has blossomed into a tool that enables the prosecution of war crimes

which thankfully doesnt have a record of war crimes. I recall writing a column in 1992 arguing for an international criminal court to deal with war crimes. I received but one letterfrom a law professor at the University of California who said he had had the same idea and had written about it in academic journals but no one in government was responsive and the idea was dead in the water. Then the war in ex-Yugoslavia shook up everyones complacency. Quite quickly a war crimes court for ex-Yugoslavia was established. This was the precursor for the subsequent International Criminal Court. It is a mark of how things can change once human rights activists seize a cause. The notion of universal jurisdiction has been brought out of the cupboard. Once confined to old issues such as piracy, the slave trade and attacks on airplanes it has suddenly blossomed into a tool that enables the

prosecution of war crimes at the ICC and on a countrys own territory. President Richard Nixons Secretary of State, Henry Kissinger, understanding the significance of this, argued in an article in Foreign Affairs that carried to its logical conclusion it will turn traditional notions of statecraft and the making of foreign policy on their head. So what about Kissinger himself? Many consider him a war criminal. At various times French and Chilean magistrates have announced they want to interview him. Christopher Hitchens wrote a well documented book on Kissingers alleged war crimes in Vietnam and Chile. During the war he and Nixon authorised attacks in Vietnam that were unnecessarily brutal- using napalm against hundreds of thousands of innocent women and children in the villages. They also authorised in secret the massive bombing of neutral, adjacent, Cambodia, which totally

destabilized a thriving society. This is surely worse than what Assad is doing or what Mladic and the Congolese warlords have done. Unfortunately the Court cannot deal with cases that took place before it was created. Meanwhile, the Courts reach and confidence is growing. At some point would be- war criminals will surely get the message there is no impunity for them if they engage in war crimes. The penny hasnt dropped yet but Im convinced before long it will.

The views expressed in this column are of the author alone.

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good karma
\\ HELPAGE INDIA

INCLUDING SENIOR
Authorities may not plan enough for the countrys aged, but NGOs like HelpAge India do
BY R. BANERJEE
SEPTEMBER 2012

CITIZENS
W
hile we are busy patting our backs over Indias demographic dividend, we forget there are 90 million aged people living here currently and that todays youth will be tomorrows senior citizens; older and wiser. Though our Centre seems oblivious to data that points towards our countrys impending state of being a more matured nation one day, there is one organisation that has been working since 1978 giving a voice to the seemingly invisible senior citizens of this countryHelpAge India. It was started by a senior IAS officer Samson Daniel. Post-retirement Daniel wished to

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good karma
HELPAGE INDIA //

Chief Executive, Mathew Cherian

NAME :

HelpAge
ABOUT HELPAGE :

HelpAge helps older people claim their rights, challenge discrimination and overcome poverty, so that they can lead dignified, secure, active and healthy lives
STARTED IN :

1978 (The international branch began in 1986)

STARTED BY :

Samson Daniel
HEADED BY :

Mathew Cherian, Chief Executive (For further information please contact: http://www. helpageindia.org/)

start a home for the aged on a plot he owned near Chhattarpur (NCR). Though he had the land, he did not have the cash for construction. Thereby, he did what any smart person wouldpestered friends, family and nodding acquaintances; anyone willing to lend an ear and money to the cause. His quest led him to an English gentleman working for a British organisation called Help the Aged. The gentleman gave Daniel a gift far more useful than capitalhe offered him a chance to travel to Britain and learn the art of raising funds in a systematic manner. Upon returning, Daniel, who was an organised man to begin with, managed to raise enough money to allow him to construct an old-age home and left some extra. He decided to put that extra bit into building a welfare organisation for the aged called HelpAge India; inspired by the NGO, Help the Aged, which he had the fortune of observing closely. In 1986, a year after its Founder had passed away, HelpAge made its foray into Sri Lanka with MM Sabarwal (former Chairperson of Dunlop and Bata) at its helm. And HelpAge International began. Today, HelpAge especially focuses on advocacy and rights of senior citizens. Of all NGOs working for the aged in India, HelpAge has especially concentrated upon policy research. Their R&D

department is responsible for conducting surveys on what the website calls ageing issues. It takes the survey findings to concerned national and international forums comprising policy-makers, academicians, senior citizens and NGOs working on age care. HelpAge is also responsible for creating awareness among stakeholders and citizens through seminars, workshops and booklets. Some of their publications include Senior Citizens Guide based on information on concessions, privileges and benefits given to older people by governments and private organisations. The NGO also publishes a Directory of Old Age Homes. Presently, HelpAges Chief Executive Mathew Cherian represents his NGO on various platforms such as the National Planning Commission, sharing data dug by HelpAge and participating in formal and informal discussions on Five Year Plan Documents and Union Ministry recommendations on the Plan document to the National Planning Commission. HelpAge is also a member of the National Council of Older Persons. After he was made responsible for the organisation, Sabarwal (a corporate manager and a great one at that) assimilated functions of HelpAge even further. Being a corporate man, he understood the significance of having the right people on the team. He organised the Trust, Board and day-to-day functions even further, bringing HelpAge closer to its present avatar. Currently, the NGO works in 23 state capitals. It has a presence in 8,000 villages where it runs 75 mobile health centres and 86 physiotherapy clinics. Around 22 state capitals have helplines run by HelpAge India where senior citizens can call and seek help whenever they are lonely, abused or need medical help. Talking to the DW team, Cherian points out that increasingly HelpAges helplines have been receiving calls related to cases of abuse meted out to senior citizens by

their children. The world is getting more and more impatient. Previously, people had the decency to wait for their turnto become the so-called heads of families or to gain personal wealth. In this individualistic world, children want the house or the property as soon as possible. They see parents as a hindrance to personal profit. Perhaps that is why there are so many cases where people have resorted to violence against their parents to claim what is rightfully theirs and would be theirs anyway, says Cherian with a touch of bitterness in his voice. This former Chairperson of Oxfam India is now the executive personnel presiding over the whole of the Indian operation. To a certain degree, he faults the Indian education system which disallows the study of moral sciences in institutions. His, and his teams, efforts are now concentrated around making young people aware of the implications of violence meted out to the senior-most members of a family. The Centre seems to have a problem with the study of moral science as they see it as an advocacy of religious behaviour. HelpAge was discouraged from asking the NCERT to include chapters on empathetic behavior taking examples from the Bible, Quran or the Vedas in the school curricula. However, we have pushed authorities to include lessons on ethical behavior in their school curricula. Finally, what HelpAge is seeking is fundamental; have a little decency to treat your elders with kindness and care, as much care as you would expect when you grow old. And we expect the authorities to take responsibility for the senior citizens of the country, he explains. In India, where politicians, policy makers and planners are all above the average age of 60, it comes as a surprise that senior citizens rights are not prioritised. NGOs such as HelpAge are not giving up yet in their fight to a free worldfree from domestic abuse and violence.

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READING ROOM

I wanted to make my Panchali normal. She would not get her way always
Krishna Udayasankar
Author

Govinda; Aryavarta Chronicles A fantasy of

epic proportions and quite a page-turner BY ROHINI BANERJEE

IT IS SAID that as a child JRR Tolkien

missed reading an epicsay something similar to a Mahabharata, Ramayana or even a Beowulfwhich was exclusively English. That lacuna, it is said, led to the Lord of the Rings trilogy. What began as a childrens project, ended up being just the sort of saga which Tolkien had missed while growing up. A reason why Lord of the Rings becomes significant while looking at Krishna Udayasankars Govinda, is because Udayasankar applies a similar formula, like Tolkien, to weave her magical tale. Tolkien, the master of his craft, constructed a counter-mythology from pagan elements, already present in local myths and lores, into an universal tale immersed in ever-lasting themes such as conflict between good and evil, heroic quests, marvelous journeys, abduction, rescue and romance. Udayasankar takes the Indian fascination for magic, incarnation, renunciation, friendship, and of course, romance, to the next level. She pulls a desi trick takes the Mahabharata (already a rich tale) and makes it a bit more human, and thus quite believable.

Govinda, as Udayasankar has promised her readers, is the Book One of the Chronicle Series, which may end up being a five-book-long saga. The writer has her next two books all planned in which we hope she will continue to carry her magical tone. Now, for a bit of truth. Due to time constraints, the book lies on my bed-side table with end pages untouched. All right, I lied. I have no bed side table. I have no way of figuring out what kind of a cliff-hanger Udayasankar leaves her readers with. Even if I did, I could not write about it. However, what I can write about are the momentsand the book has quite a fewin which Udayasankar catches us by surprise. For one, she grabs her readers attention when she introduces Panchali (Draupadi). As Udayasankar said during an interview, Panchali is every woman. She is beautiful and accomplished, but she is ordinary in the sense that she faces her fair share of highs and lows. And she does not always succeed. But that is not due to the lack of trying. Udayasankars Panchali (she is a central character in the plot) is believable.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Krishna Udayasankar is a graduate of the National Law School of India University (NLSIU), Bengaluru, and holds a PhD in strategic management from Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. She is now a professor Publisher: Hachette (India) ISBN: 978-935009-446-4 Price: `458

An archer, a rider and a woman with a refined mind, she is as different from Draupadi, as Govinda is from Lord Krishna. Other characters Shikhandin (who the author admits she enjoyed writing a bit more than the others)gain far more prominence in Govinda, than he had in the Mahabharata. For those who do not have a basic idea of the original epic (beyond the tele-serial, Amar Chitra Katha and abridged versions i.e.), Govinda may appear confusing. The characters are known by their lesserknown avatarsKrishna as Govind Shaurya, Kunti as Pritha, Draupadi as Panchali, Yudhistir as Dharma. Udayasankar has done an impressive amount of research to build her world, a project she began in 2008, while she had the idea of the book ever since she can remember. The twist in this brilliant tale comes from the concept of the firewrights. In her interview Udayasankar called the fire-wrights experts with special powersthey lend that magical oomph to an otherwise familiar story. At the core of this saga is the power struggle between mystical firstborn dynasty of scholar-

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Of course, Anu Aunty is a real person. And no my mother has not read the book as yet, she started reading but thought better of it
Varun Agarwal

reading room
CRITICS & AUTHORS //

sagesdescendants of Vasishta Varuniprotectors of the Divine Order on earth and the Angirasa Family of Firewrights (weapon-makers) who has defied them. In the aftermath of the centuries-long conflict between these two orders, the empire of Aryavarta lies, a shadow of its former glo-

rious self. The book begins with the death of the last secret keeper of the firewrights which leads to a series of events. And in the midst of it is Govinda Shauri (Lord Krishnaless divine and seeming more manly), cowherd-turned-prince, an army commander in Dwaraka, who uses

his political canny to counter deception and treachery. If you do crave for a bit of murder, romance and political manipulation Govinda (as the jacket cover reads) is indeed your tale. At the end, a good mythical-fantasy saga is about a bit of fun. Well, Udaysankars Govinda is a lot of it.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Varun Agarwal is an entrepreneur who founded a million-dollar company at the age of 22. He is also a filmmaker having briefly worked in Mumbai Publisher: Rupa ISBN: 978-81291-1979-7 Price: `140 Pages: 249

How I Braved Anu Aunty & Co-founded a Million Dollar Company

A funny quick read from a first time author
BY ROHINI BANERJEE
THE BOOK POSITIVELY squeaks with enthusiasm for Alma

Mater, the million-dollar company that (now an author) Varun Agarwal co-founded with his buddy Rohn Mal Malhotra (Rohn, we are told, believes in numerology seriously enough to drop an a from his name). At the end of the day, How I... is more about Alma Mater than it is about Agarwal. It is an honest book, has a really long title and is a breezy read (should not take you more than three hours). Because Agarwal plays it safe and dismisses his own capacity as a writer (You see, there IS no inner Hemingway in me!) right at the beginning, he robs his reader of the power to judge his style. Which is a pity because the style or the sheer lack of it is refreshing. Reading How I... is like reading a diary. Agarwal is a very young man (guy) and writes like oneinconsistently. He comes across as thoughtful, brash, hyperactive, lazy, needy and independent, all at the same time. For the older readers flipping through the pages of How I... could be exasperating, especially the presence of different fonts on every page plus the italicisation. The disparate fonts highlight voicesspoken by Agarwal, or other people or by the little green men in his head, and

random comments to ease your way through the eating and drinking scene of Bengaluru (the writer loves a bit of grub and booze). Technically footnotes should appear at a pages end. Here, they are peppered all over. Just because. If there is a milder literary equivalent of trolling, this book could be it. His own story is passionately told by the writer. We could merit him as a better storyteller than he is a writer. Of all the chapters, Down Memory Lane was quite the adult one where he inadvertently provides an insight into his personality. Otherwise, Agarwal reminds one of the smart, privileged twenty-somethings you see on Delhi roads. Obviously Agarwal is that guy. But he is also that guy who fought fate, his mother, her best friend and all odds to start a million-dollar company. Alcohol is not called liquid courage for nothing, and everyone dreams big in a bar. Agarwals that guy who actually did something about his dream, despite a hangover. It is this point that makes How I... stand out. It is inspirational and speaks the language of the youth. Before you dismiss it for its inconsistent editing, language and space troubles, read its core point of how a boy braves parental and societal pressures to think out-of-the-box.

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WARE
1923 LEICA 0-SERIES
$3,000,000

HOUSE

Our pick of the boldest, bravest and craziest gadgets. Glance through the Warehouse page and check them out. Happy hunting!

HOT!

Silence everyonethere is a Leica in our midst. Ask any photographer and they will tell you that Leicas are the Holy Grail of cameras. Maybe it is the fact that they have some of the best lenses in the world. Or maybe it is because each lens and camera is hand-made as far as possible, making them very rare. This precision-engineered piece of work is part of the original Leica 0-series cameras manufactured in 1923. Granted $3,000,000 is a lot of money to pay for a relic, but what a relic it is!

1923 Leica 0-Series

GALAXY SIII CROSSES 10 MN

Samsung chief executives prediction of selling 10 million Galaxy SIII handsets by July 2012 has come truesome more millions to go...

CREATION M134 MINIGUN

For $4,000 this 250 RPM, 16 kg, 12V battery-powered, 6-barrelled minigun with a magazine capacity of 1300 rounds could be yours

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GADGE TS & GIZMOS //

warehouse

DELOREAN BICYCLE
Made by the good folks at DeLorean, these premium quality bicycles ooze quality. Made from the best stainless steel available in the market today, this is one sturdy bike. For $5,500 you get an 11-speed gearbox, front and rear hydraulic disc brakes, luminescent wheel rims and the refined Italian craftsmanship that you expect from a Ferrari. Now if only they could have stuffed a flux-capacitor in there.

APOLLO 17
TOOLKIT

$76,000
The toolkit of the Gods, well, astronauts anyway. This toolkit has been flown into space, been used on the Apollo 17 missions and has safely returned to Earth. The complete 16-piece toolkit, comprises items including three jack screws, a 20-inch tether, an adaptable open end wrench, a midget ratchet wrench, socket drivers and many more. Wouldnt you want to spend $76,000 on a true Space Age tool kit that is guaranteed to work in the most extreme environments? We know we would...

THE INTIMIDATOR POOL CUE

World's most expensive pool cue can be yours for $150,000. Before you scoff, remember it took 1,862 hours of work and 82 pounds of steel to create this piece of art

BEOSOUND 8

Discover the iconic style and breathtaking sound quality that makes Bang & Olufsen one of the most sought-after names

SEPTEMBER 2012

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39

GARNISH
PHOTOS BY KUNAL KAPOOR

Hale, hearty: Kapoor enjoys making spicy and favourful Indian meat

Newest Master Chef of India

The innovative Chef, Kunal Kapoor talks of his life and love for anything edible

BY MANJIRI INDURKAR

nce upon a time a black sheep was born into a respectable family. This young sheep, unlike the obedient younglings of the family, did not wish to become a banker; instead he loved food and hoped to do something with it in his career. Khansama! You want to be a bawarchi or a khansama! But why would you want something so terrible?such was the familys reaction to Kunal Kapoors decision to become a chef. Born into a middle-class Punjabi family where everyone was either a proud banker or a part of the information technology bandwagon, being a chef was an anomaly and quite unacceptable. Truth being told, more than hoping to become a chef, what Kapoor really and badly wanted was to avoid being a banker. Numbers gave him nightmares. When someone informed him that hotel management was a great career option he just jumped into it. At the same time, he kept his family informed that he just biding

his time till he found a more respectable alternative. But the young chef enjoyed every minute of his course so much that he forgot about alternatives or the more respectable professions. A factor that played in his favour was his parents support and the point that Chef Kapoor never really gave a hoot about anyone else. When he informed his mother of his decision (to study hotel management), she told him the most-cliched but universally accepted truth: No matter what you do, do it with complete honesty and you will do well. Armed with his mothers advice and his chefs hat (of course) Kapoor entered the hot, steamy and busy

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KUNAL K APOOR //

garnish

CHEF OF THE MONTH

Chef Kunal Kapoor is the head chef of Diyathe speciality restaurant run by Leela Kempinski. The man could have been a banker, but chose to be a chef, as numbers scared him. When he can spare the time, Kapoor also judges the popular culinary show Master Chef India. Unlike most normal people he loves karela (bitter gourd) and hates matar (green peas)

world of great chefs and grand kitchens. His first stint was at the Taj Group of Hotels. He worked there for four long yearswhich he rates as his worst and best times. He often ended up cursing himself, and his decision, to work in the hotel and for deciding to be a chef. It was my induction into the rather disciplined and competitive world of corporate kitchens. What I did not know was that chefs were a disciplined, strict and rude lot. And that I would remain disconcerted most of the times, says Kapoor. It was a time for learning. And his biggest lesson came during a trial for the post of the Corporate Chef which happened before the big daddy himselfthe Head Chef. Kapoor had prepared a three-course meal for his top boss (details, he admits, are now a bit hazy). I can remember making dahi ka shaurma (yogurt soup). That is it! he says with a chuckle. He prepared the meal carefully. He presented it with aplomb. And he waited for a pat on his back. Instead the Head Chef threw the dish at him missing his face by inches. I froze then and there. I could see my career as a Chef collapsing right in front of my eyes he informs. The Head Chef had not tasted his soup. Truth be told, even if he wanted to taste it, he could not have. I had forgotten to place the spoon next to the bowl and this is what evoked his wrath. My lesson from the incident was that being a chef was not about cooking right. It was also about presenting it right,a lesson he abides by. Chef Kapoor loves eating and can hardly stop talking about food. However, one does not simply

Chefs Choice: (Above) Karela (right) is yummy, especially if it is cooked by mommynothing beats the taste of home food after all

become a chef because one loves food. One has to love the process of creating dishes just as much. Chef Kapoor grew up showing zero inclination towards cooking. His forays into his home kitchen were limited to occasional Sundays, when the men of his family took up the responsibility of providing the grub. If my dad cooked the mutton, my grand-

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garnish

// KUNAL K APOOR

father would make a kulfi or kheer, he reminisces. The men introduced little Kapoorwho would be sitting in one cornerto the amazing spices that rule Indian kitchens. Kapoor admits that he had not made anything, apart from a strong cup of Indian chai (and that counts as it is quite a complicated thing to make), till he was 16 years of age. Today, Kapoor judges cookery shows such as the Master Chef India (a more melodramatic Indian version of Master Chef Australia). His induction into television happened over a morning, when he received a call from a production company on the lookout for the best chefs in the country. Kapoor who knew nothing about the show was caught by surprise. At first he thought he was to host the show. Then to his delight, he found that he was to judge the event. After rounds of discussion, Kapoor agreed to face the camera. Being on television is overwhelming; so many people stare at you. And there are so many cameras. It is scary, he admits. In a few weeks though, I was accustomed to it and even began to enjoy the attention, he admits shyly. Anyone who watches even a bit of telly can tell you that the Indian version of the Australian cookery show became an instant hit. Its participants came from different walks of life and judges included celebrity Chefs such as Vikas Khanna and Kunal Kapoor, along with the countrys most famous khiladi, the Hindi film actor Akshay Kumar. Kapoor was moved by the participants tales of passion and grit and how they stuck on despite often pursuing different careers. It was a great learning curve for me and I could not have asked for more, he says. There is a hint of naivet in Kapoors child-like enthusiasm for food. He might be a celebrity chef, but he remains the small-town guy rooted in traditions and

Prawn Pepper-fry: (Above) This delicacy from the Konkan coast is a classic recipe which Kapoor loves to stir up. The freshly-grounded pepper gives out a delectable heat

MASTER CHEF'S TIPS

Bar Tended: A perfect meal deserves a perfect drinkKapoor knows that

Master Spice: The chef prefers freshly grounded spices to powdered ones

Chinese Affair: He loves noodlesand spicy ones at that Great Garlic! One of his favourite flavours

who still adores his mummys cooking. A dish made of karela (bitter gourd) is his favourite. He believes that more than the right ingredients, it is the right attitude which keeps one creative in the kitchen. His current stintThe Leela Kempinskiis one of the most novel kitchens of the country. It would not be far from the truth to credit Kapoor for its reputation, as he is the chef de cuisine at the Leela. Today, he remains busy making state-of-the-art dishes and inspiring peoplelike the seven-year-old girl at the mall who seriously informed Kapoor that he was cute and that she would be a chef like him one day.

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HITCH
PHOTOS BY PHOTOS.COM

HIKER
Breathtaking Blue: Mykonos, spans an area of 33 square mile and rises to an elevation of 341metre at its highest point. There are 9,320 inhabitants who mostly along the western coast

Gorgeous Green Waters of Greece

The richness of Greece makes one forget it has the rest of Europe in a financial spin

BY NATASHA VERMA

he country most recently in news for the European debt crisis; the one associated with giving the world the democratic system and drama, and whose divine myths have set the benchmark for good looks for men the world over, is the country I fell in love with last summer. Greece is a travellers delightthere are breathtaking vistas for amateur photographers; scantily-clad women on sparkling white beaches for the young and restless; and the ancient ruins for those who are looking for peace and quiet. A complete package offering more than any other island clusters. For our first visit as a family, we decided to pack in sun and sand for the kids, and a bit of history for the adults. For that we headed off to the famous islands of Mykonos and Santorini. There are no direct flights from New Delhi to the smaller islands. Travellers have to take any international flight which connects to Athens. There are various ways of getting to the other islands from the capital, whether by

air or one of the speed boats or ferries. Keep in mind that the frequency of the boats decreases remarkably during the beginning and the end of the tourist season, and flying gets to be the only option. The town of Mykonos is just a four-kilometres from the airport and is easily identifiable by its trademark windmills that perch proudly on its elevated land. There is pretty, and then there is Mykonos pretty. The town looks straight out of a fairy tale with pristine white houses and narrow streets where cars are not allowed to ply. For those who pride themselves on their sense of direction, Mykonos may prove to be quite a challenge. The streets are a confusing maze

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hitchhikers guide
GREECE //

HIKER OF THE MONTH

As a supermom to two teens and a preteen, Natasha Verma rarely gets to enjoy offdays. However, whenever she does get the chance, she heads off to the unknown with her three monsters in tow. A graduate of Lady Shriram College, the qualified yoga instructor is trying to enter the big, bad world of journalism. But being a full-time mom and homemaker, she is equipped to take just about any surprises that life has to offer...

of passages which lead into one another and can be very frustrating to navigate if you are in a hurry. Be prepared to find yourself where you started, after walking for 15 minutes and negotiating what seem like a hundred turns! But if you are looking to get lost, the best way to do it is while browsing the shops. It is not unusual for a Prada or a Versace outlet, having shed its designer snobbishness, to rub shoulders with a shop selling local Greek jewellery. The town also boasts of a Little Venice, an area whereyou guessed itthe houses are located on the sea. Little Venice is dotted with quaint restaurants and bars where you can enjoy a beer on a balcony jutting out over the sea, while waving out to a neighbour who is fishing for his supper from the comfort of his own balcony. Mykonos offers a variety of cuisines for the avid foodie, from burgers to fish and chips, but my favourite was the souvlaki rolla popular Greek fast food consisting of small pieces of meat and vegetables grilled on a skewer. The fact that it is available everywhere for as little as 2, along with a fresh Greek salad for 4 at special souvlaki shops, adds just a little extra flavour to the dish. A day trip to the island of Delos is a must for all you history buffs out there, which must originate from Mykonos. The Mykononians have ownership of Delos and ferries to Delos ply only from their island. Delos itself is a well-preserved site of ancient ruins and is known to be the birth place of one of Greeces most important deities, Apollo (the God of sun), and the Goddess of the hunt and hunters, Artemis.

Destination Bollywood:

If Santorini seems familiar, it is because Bollywood has made quite a few films there. (Below) Try the Greek food...

There are several ruins that are worth a visit, including the houses of Cleopatra and Dionysis, the temple of Isis and the Terrace of Lions. No one is allowed to stay back on the island at night, so do plan accordingly.

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hitchhikers guide
\\ GREECE

But worry not, for Mykonos is most famous for its thumping nightlife and beach parties that often last up to three days and nights, with the best disc jockeysand for those of you who need another reason the best bikini bodies! However the parties happen only during the peak season, in the month of August. Those interested in the party scenedrinks in Mykonos are expensive (around 9). If you are planning to head out at night, there are supermarkets where you can buy a decent bottle of wine for 6 (approximately). Begin your own party before hitting the town or heading for the clubs and bars located almost on top of one another. After exploring Mykonos we set off for Santorini. We were honestly not expecting much, as Mykonos had truly won our hearts. Fortunately, we were proved wrong. The images of idyllic islands which I had in my memoryglorious beaches, sand and allvanished as we reached Santorini. It is like no other island, made beautiful by volcanic activity that sunk the mass in the middle and left behind a crescent-shaped land with a caldera view. Most houses and hotels are dug sideways or down the pumice, so you may get to stay in places like Mill House Steps that can be reached only after climbing down countless flights of stairs, even as you pass other hotels along the way. The best way to enjoy Santorini is by hiring a car and driving around, though it can be a challenge as the Greeks follow the American system of driving on the right side of the road. Still, do not forget to pack your international driving licence. Our drive of choice was Smarta two-seater that had a sun roof through which you could gaze at the stars while driving around at night. The magic of the famous Santorini sunsetbest experienced while gazing out at the Aegean Sea and cruise liners that form the perfect backdrop can make you fall in love with your partner once again. There are few sunsets that can match what you get to see in Santorini. Oia is touted to be one of the best villages to view the sunset from and is frequented by famous photographers from the world over. We made our way to the small fishing village of Amoudia, a 20-minute drive from the main town of Thira, and has some of the most breathtaking views, with some great seafood. Santorini packs in yet another surprise with friendly people and eager-

Volcanic Beauty: Santorini is essentially what remains after a volcanic explosion destroyed the earliest settlements on a formerly single island and created the caldera

NEXT TO THE SEA

Shell Souvenirs: Pick up a few for the flat...

Curious Case: Of the crazy street art

also called the holy sanctuary

Terrace of the Lions: Delos is

to-please vendors. As if the magic of the place did not make me feel pampered enough, a vendor gave me a simple corn on the cob with a sparkler attached, just to make the lady feel special. The food here is delicious as the volcanic soil helps in growing the most succulent cherry tomatoes and grapes, with the latter ending up as house red or white wines, which hotels serve by the jug. Interestingly, the wines are served in small glasses like the ones our local dhabas serve cutting chai in. All in all, it is difficult to say yassas (goodbye) to Greece once you do set foot in the country. All I can say is efharitso (thank you) to the powers that be for taking me there.

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Defy Aging Day and Night. New Precious Immortelle.

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L'Occitane en Provence India

STICKY

A qui ck guide -start to wha fresh, ts fu worth n & y peek.. of a .

NOTES
SLAUGHTERHOUSE
Ty Segalls Slaughterhouse is an exhilarating album albeit a scary one. This San Francisco garagepunk band has already released two albums in 2012 and will be releasing another one soon. The psychedelic garage rock album is dark and demented, but also original and rare. Grab your copy now!

LISTEN

D GREEN YELLOW AN in the hard rock and metal en ost

s be em Baroness ha st 10 years. One of th the pa re back with e, they a scene for lbum ds of our tim popular ban odic, epic new double a el se their most m reenwhich will surpri one ellow and G upposed to be their best t Y rea s. S their listener y-written songs and g id to the been pa ith tightl yet w on has ecial attenti precision, sp ellow and Green ,Y technicality t to be an ed ou has turn lbum. incredible a

WATCH

LADAKH FESTIVAL
Be sure to visit the Land of High PassesLadakhbetween September 1 and 15. As the Ladakh Festival is slated to be held then. The inaugural ceremony will take place in Leh, with troupes passing through the Leh Market, dancing and singing, in colourful Ladakhi costumes. The procession will end at the Polo Ground. The 15-day festival will include activities such as archery, polo, masked dances to traditional music. Look forward to series of musical concerts as well.

A heart-warmin g Murphy, whose film of a man called friends call him is a prankster Barfi. He al two. A charmer ways ready with a joke or an can neither spea d talk-of-his-town, Barfi k (Ranbir Kapoo nor can he hear. Meet Barfi r) and his two leading ladies Shruti (Ileana D'c Chopra) on Sep ruz) and Jhilmil (Priyanka te near you. Unti mber 14, 2012, at a theatre l then, dont w orry, be Barfi!

MOVIE: BARF I!

ATTEND

JEEVIKA: ASIA LIVELIHOOD DOCUMENTARY FESTIVAL 2012

Jeevika, organised by Centre for Civil Society, is back in town. Taking place in the national capital, this is a non-profit film festival showcasing and promoting films that put livelihood issues on the live wire! Expect to see artistes, filmmakers, poets and photographers who are expected to attend the festival.

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Food Lounge & Bar