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+ + = +
+ = +
1 ) 3 5 ( 2 ) 3 5 (
7 10 ) 3 5 (
x x f
x x f
1 2 ) ( + = x x f
7 10 ) )( ( + = x x g f
4. Charateristics of the Composition Function
Suppose determined the rules for funtions of from
a. In general, the operations on the compositions is not commutative,
means
b. On the composition functions holds the charateristic of associative, that
is
c. Suppose I is the function of and it fulfill then I
is the identity function.
h g f , ,
R R
) ( ) ( f g g f =
). ( ) ( h g f h g f =
) (x I f f I I f = =
C. Inverse Function
1. Definition of Inverse Function
If the function of then its inverse is
The inverse function of f is symbolized by
(read inverse f) And the inverse function
of g is symbolized by (read inverse of g).
So, and
The inverse of a function can be a function (called the inverse function) or a
simply relation.
Definition
The functio of have inverse function of if f is a
bijective function or the set A and B is one-to-one corresponding.
B A f :
A B g :
1
f
1
g
1
= f g
1
= g f
B A f :
A B f
:
1
2. The Rules of Inverse Function
If is a bijective funtion where and
Then the inverse of f is function where
and
B A f :
{ A x x f y y x f e = ), ( ) , (
} B y e
A B f
:
1
{ A x y f x x y f e = =
), ( ) , (
1 1
} B y e
Example
the function of is determined by . Determine rule
for
Answer :
Hence, the rules for is
R R f : 5 4 ) ( = x x f
1
f
5 4 ) ( = x x f
) 5 (
4
1
5 4
+ =
=
y x
x y
) 5 (
4
1
) (
1
+ =
y y f
) 5 (
4
1
) (
1
+ =
x x f
1
f
) 5 (
4
1
) (
1
+ =
x x f
3. Determining the Domain and the Range of a Function
If f is a bijective function, then or , where is
the domain of the function of f and is the range of the functions f.
Example
Given that function of f with the rule of . Determine the
domain function of f so that the function f has an inverse function, and then
determine the formula of for the domain!
Answer :
1
=
f
f
R D
1
=
f
f
D R
f
D
4 ) (
2
= = x x f y
) (
1
x f
4 ) ( 4 ) ( 4 4 ) (
1 1 2
+ = + = + = = =
x x f y y f y x x x f y
In figure (a), it seems that the function of f is not bijective so the function of f does not
have an inverse function of f will have an inverse function. In order that f has an
inverse function, the domain of can be given, for instance :
1) If then (Figure (b))
2) If then (Figure (c))
( )
f
D f
} { R x x x D
f
e > = , 0
4 ) (
1
+ =
x x f
} { R x x x D
f
e > = , 0 4 ) (
1
+ =
x x f
Example
Given that
a. Determine
b. Show that where
Answer :
a.
So,
b.
So,
). 3 (
2
1
) (
1
=
x x f
) (x f
) ( ) )( ( ) )( (
1 1
x I x f f x f f = =
. ) ( x x I =
). 3 (
2
1
) (
1
=
x x f
). 3 (
2
1
) (
1
=
x x f
3 2
3 2
) 3 (
2
1
+ =
=
=
x y
y x
y x
3 2 ) ( + = x x f
)) ( ( ) )( (
1 1
x f f x f f
=
} {
x
x
x
x f
=
=
+ =
+ =
) 2 (
2
1
3 ) 3 2 (
2
1
) 3 2 (
1
) ( ) )( ( ) )( (
1 1
x I x f f x f f = =
) ) 3 (
2
1
) )( (
1
\
|
=
x f x f f
)
x
x
x
=
+ =
+
\
|
=
3 3
3 ) 3 (
2
1
2
Based on example we have the following characteristics
a.
b.
Derived from the characteristics of and
we have another characteristics, that is
f f =
1 1
) (
I f f f f = =
) ( ) (
1 1
f f I I f = =
I f f f f = =
1 1
. :
1 1
f g g g g f f
= =
4. Drawing the Graph of an Inverse Function From the Origin of Function Graph
If the graph of the function and graph of the function are drawn in a
coordinate system.
Example
The function of is determined by . Determine , then draw
the graph of the function and in one system of coordinates!
Answers :
It is clear that the graph of
and the graph of
are symmetric to the line of
Thus, the graph of inverse function can be
drawn by reflecting the graph of the function
on the line of
) (x f y =
) (
1
x f y
=
R R f : 6 2 ) ( = x x f
) (x f y =
) (
1
x f y
=
3
2
1
) (
3
2
1
) (
1
1
+ =
+ =
x x f
y y f
6 2 ) ( = x x f
3
2
1
6 2
6 2
+ =
+ =
=
y x
y x
x y
6 2 ) ( = = x x f y
3
2
1
) (
1
+ =
x x f y
. x y =
) (
1
x f
) (x f
x y =
5. Inverse Function from the Composition Function
Consider picture
The function of is a composition functions,
Then is the inverse function
From the composition functions.
It is shown in picture that :
or
or
or
Because and then
. (1)
Even . (2)
Based on (1) and (2) can be obtained :
For any z, it can be concluded that :
or
f g h =
1 1
) (
= f g h
x y f
:
1
) (
1
y f x
=
y z g
:
1
x z h
:
1
) (
1
z g y
=
) (
1
z h x
=
) (
1
y f x
= ) (
1
z g y
=
) )( ( )) ( (
1 1 1 1
z g f z g f x
= =
) ( ) ( ) (
1 1
z f g z h x
= =
) ( ) ( ) )( (
1 1 1
z f g z g f
=
) )( ( ) ( ) (
1 1 1
x g f x f g
= ) )( ( ) ( ) (
1 1 1
x f g x g f
=