Drug name

Classification

Tramadol (TDL)

NSAIDS

Dose, Contraindications route and frequency Binds to mu50mg IV q Resp depression, opoid receptors. 8h especially in presence Inhibits reuptake of cyanosis and of serotonin and excessive bronchial norepinephrine secretion, and after op in the CNS. on biliary tract. Acute Therapeutic alcoholism, head effect: injuries, conditions in decreased pain which intracranial pressure is raised. Attack of bronchospasm. Heart failure secondary to chronic lung disease.

Mechanism of Action

Side effects

Nursing Responsibilities

Cefazolin (Stancef)

Antibiotics

Bind to bacterial cell wall membrane causing cell death. Therapeutic effect: bactericidal action against susceptible bacteria.

30 mg IV q 8h

History of shock by cefazolin.

Nausea, vomiting, fatigue, headache, constipation, drowsiness, confusion, skin reactions, dry mouth, facial flushing, sweating, vertigo, bradychardia, palpitation, orthostatic hypotension, hypothermia, restleness, changes in modod, miosis. Rarely, muscle weakness,appetite changes, difficulty in passing urine, biliary spasm Shock; hypersensitivity reactions; hematologic eg granulocytopenia, eosinophilia or thrombocytopenia; hepatic, renal impairment; GIT disease eg colitis; CNS signs including convulsions; alteration in bacterial flora; vit

1. assess type, location and intensity of pain before 2-3 hr after administration. 2. assess BP and RR. Respi depression has not occurred with recommended doses. 3. advise patient to change position slowly to minimize orthostatic hypotension. 4. do not confuse tramadol from toradol.

1. Give the medication around the clock at evenly spaced times and to finish the medication completely at directed, even if feeling better. 2. Check for signs of super infection (vaginal itching/ discharges) and allergy.

deficiencies & others eg headache, dizziness or malaise Ketorolac Tromethamine Brand Name: Toradol Anti Pyretic NSAIDS Antiinflammatory and analgesic activity; inhibits prostaglandins and leukotriene synthesis 30 mg IV q 8 Contraindicated with significant renal impairment, aspirin allergy, recent GI bleed or perforation Use cautiously with impaired hearing; allergies; hepatic conditions CNS: headache, dizziness, somnolence, insomnia, fatigue, dizziness tinnitus, ophthalmologic effects

1. Renal impairment, Impaired hearing, allergies, hepatic, 2. Skin color and lesions, orientation, reflexes, peripheral sensation, clotting times, CBC, adventitious sounds 3. Be aware that patient may be at risk for CV events, GI bleeding, renal toxicity, monitor accordingly 4. Keep emergency equipment readily available at time of initial dose, in case of severe hypersensitivity reaction 5. Protect drug vials from light. 6. Administer every 6 hrs to maintain serum levels and control pain.

Paracetamol

Anti pyretic

Decreases fever 300mg IV by inhibiting the q 4 PRN effects of t:37.8C pyrogens on the hypothalamic heat regulating center and by a hypothalamic action leading to sweating and vasodilation. Relieves pain by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis at the CNS but does not have antiinflammatory action because of its minimal effect of peripheral prostaglandin synthesis.

Hypersensitivity: Intolerance to tartrazine (yellow dye #5) alcohol, table sugar, saccharin

Stimulation, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, hepatoxicity, hepatic seizure, renal failure, leucopenia, neutropenia, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, pancytopenia, rash, urticaria, hypersensitivity, cyanosis, anemia, jaundice, pancytopenia, CNS stimulation, delirium, followed by vascular collapse, convulsion, coma, death

1. tell patient to read label on other OTC drugs. Advice patient to avoid taking more than one product containing paracetamol at one time; as this may cause toxicity if taken concurrently. 2. advise patient to avoid alcohol; acute poisoning with liver might occur 3. teach patients sign of chronic overdose; bleeding, bruising malaise, fever, sore throat.