Laboratory Guide for Teachers

1
1.1

Respiration
Inquiry Experiment

4
4.13

Reproduction
Inquiry Experiment

Explain the structures in the system and discuss their functions using the models or simulation in the computer software.

1.2

Simulation Activity

1. Show a transparency or chart that showing a longitudinal-section and a cross-section of a typical ower. 2. Remind students to use a blade carefully.

1. Explain to the students how the model works. 2. If possible, use the computer to show a simulation of the breathing mechanism.

4.16

Inquiry Experiment

1. Show a transparency or chart that showing the germination of the pollen grain. 2. Guide students to sequence the movement of the male gamete until it reaches the ovum.

2
2.3

Blood Circulation and Transport

Inquiry Experiment

4.18 4.19

Inquiry Experiment

Remind students to be careful with the blade. Inquiry Experiment

Remind students to use the same amount of blood for both test tubes X and Y.

Remind students to record the developments of the seedling every day for ve days.

2.5

Inquiry Experiment

4.20

Guided Experiment

Explain the blood ow in the human blood circulatory system using computer software or video simulation.

1. Soak the seeds for one day before carrying out the experiment. 2. Make sure the type of seeds used are the same.

2.6

Inquiry Experiment

Guide the students on how to get the clear image of the human blood slides.

6
6.2

Land and Its Resources

Inquiry Experiment

2.8

Inquiry Experiment 1. Use dilute acidied potassium manganate(VII) solution for this activity. 2. Remind students to remove the delivery tube from lime water or acidied potassium manganate(VII) solution before stopped heating of the mineral. Otherwise the boiling tube will crack. 3. Remind students to heat the metal sulphide in a fume chamber.

1. Demonstrate to students on how to remove the varnish coat from the leaf. 2. Guide the students on how to prepare the slide.

2.9

Guided Experiment

1. Make sure that the size and the type of plants used are the same throughout the experiment. 2. Make sure that the conditions for the other factors which are not being tested are the same for both sets of apparatus.

6.3

Inquiry Experiment

2.10

Inquiry Experiment

1. Show a transparency of the xylem and phloem in the root, stem and leaf. 2. Guide students in identifying and labelling the xylem and the phloem.

1. Avoid using very reactive metals such as potassium or sodium. 2. Guide students to write equations in words for these reactions as well as other examples of chemical reactions.

6.8

Inquiry Experiment

2.11

Inquiry Experiment

1. Remind students to cut very thin slices of the root, stem and leaf. 2. Remind students to be careful when using the small knife and the red food dye.

1. Use ne calcium carbonate powder, instead of coarser particles, so that reaction occurs quickly. 2. Remind students to remove the delivery tube from lime water before stopped heating of the mineral. Otherwise the boiling tube will crack.

2.12

Inquiry Experiment

6.11

Inquiry Experiment

1. Demonstrate to students on how to remove the bark from the plant. 2. Remind students to use a knife carefully.

This activity is better done as a demonstration activity because of the ammable nature of petroleum.

LG 1

Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

7.16

Inquiry Experiment

7
7.1

Electricity
Inquiry Experiment

1. Do not use too much iron lings or else the pattern of the magnetic eld will not be clearly seen. 2. Guide students on how to use a compass to determine the direction of the magnetic eld.

Remind students to keep their hands and all apparatus dry during the activity.

7.17

Inquiry Experiment

7.2

Inquiry Experiment

Remind students to keep their hands and all apparatus dry during the activity.

7.4 7.6

Inquiry Experiment

1. Use a thicker wire and stronger current to induce a stronger and clearer magnetic eld. 2. Do not use too much iron lings or else the pattern of the magnetic eld will not be clearly seen. 3. Remind students to be careful when handling the power supply.

Discharge the Van de Graaff generator after the activity. Inquiry Experiment

1. Show students on how to connect an ammeter and a voltmeter correctly. 2. Check the position of the pointer in the ammeter and the voltmeter. Adjust it to zero if necessary.

8
8.2

Generation of Electricity
Inquiry Experiment

7.7 7.8

Unguided Experiment

Guide the students to plan the experiment and setting up the circuit. Unguided Experiment

1. Remind students to be careful when handling the power supply. 2. Discuss the structures and functions of the step-up and step-down transformers.

8.5

Inquiry Experiment

1. Remind students that an ammeter must always be connected in series and a voltmeter must be connected in parallel. 2. Always check the positions of the pointers in both the ammeter and voltmeter. Adjust it to zero if necessary.

Guide students to connect the three wires in a 3-pin plug.

8.6

Inquiry Experiment

7.15

Inquiry Experiment

1. Guide the students on how to collect the power and voltage data on the home appliances. 2. Explain on how to calculate the amount of current.

Guide the students to do the classication.

Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

LG 2