Student Book

Mathematics
Grade IX Junior High School

PREFACE
The implementation of the mandate of the decree is meant to upgrade the quality of national education. One important effort having been done by the government is, as stated in the decree number 20 year 2003, Article 50, Verse 3, The national and/or regional government should conduct at least one education unit at each level to be developed as internationally standardized education unit. As the implementation of the law, the Minister of National Education proclaims that in 2009 every single county/municipality has to have at least one R-SBI at each level of education (elementary school, junior high school, senior high school and university). Regarding this specific law, the Directorate of Junior Secondary Schools, Directorate General of Primary and Secondary Education, Department of National Education, launches a program so called Rintisan Sekolah Bertaraf Internasional (abbreviated RSBI: Piloting of internationally standardized schools). This program is aiming to develop potential schools to be able to give excellent services, to accommodate teaching learning processes which equip students with the ability of living, the ability to develop and to compete globally, without alienating the national education standards. At the first stage, R-SBI conducts teaching-and learning in mathematics and natural sciences following the standard of education process and using English as the medium of instruction. The immediate problem faced by schools that implement the program is an urgent need for teachers who are able to develop and to conduct teaching and learning process which is internationally standardized and by using international communication language, such as: English. To solve this problem, the Directorate has developed mathematics materials in English for 7th, 8th and 9th Grade Junior High School, based on Curriculum (as in Standart Isi) and CTL approach. The learning materials include Students Book and Students Worksheet. The learning materials will be periodically evaluated and adjusted to the curriculum development and learning context demands. The Directorate wishes to thank all parties that have made these guidelines complete, especially academicians from the State University of Surabaya, and mathematics teachers from the field. Any constructive feedback for revision from the field is highly appreciated. Hopefully, these guidelines will be beneficial to junior secondary school teachers, principals, supervisors and educational practitioners. Jakarta, April 2009 Director of Junior Education

Secondary

Didik Suhardi, SH, M.Si. NIP. 131270212

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Table of Content Preface Chapter 1 Similarity and Congruency 1.1 Similar Figures 1.2 Similar Triangles 1.3.Congruent Triangles 1.4 Tesselations Problem Solving Chapter 2 Solid Geometry 2.1 Cylinders 2.2 Cones 2.3 Spheres Problem Solving Chapter 3 Statistics 3.1 Central Tendency Measures 3.2.Displaying Statistical Data 3.3 Displaying Statistical Data 2 Problem Solving Chapter 4 Probability and Theoretical Probability 4.1 Probability 4.2 Theoretical Probability Problem Solving Chapter 5 Exponential Numbers and Roots 5.1 Exponents and Roots 5.2 Operations of Exponential Numbers Problem Solving Chapter 6 Sequences and Series 6.1 Number Patterns 6.2 Number Sequences 6.3 Series Problem Solving Glossary Index 194 ii 1 2 10 17 34 43 49 50 54 60 67 72 73 78 83 93 99 100 112 121 126 127 132 145 151 152 165 177 184 190

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