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EH/JAN 2012/CBE682

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA FINAL EXAMINATION

COURSE COURSE CODE EXAMINATION TIME

SEPARATION PROCESSES II CBE682 JANUARY 2012 3 HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES 1. 2. 3. This question paper consists of five (5) questions. Answer ALL questions in the Answer Booklet. Start each answer on a new page. Do not bring any material into the examination room unless permission is given by the invigilator. Please check to make sure that this examination pack consists of: i) the Question Paper ii) a one-page Appendix 1 iii)a one-page Appendix 2 iv)an Answer Booklet - provided by the Faculty

4.

DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO

This examination paper consists of 3 pn'nted pages
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CONFIDENTIAL QUESTION 1 (P06, C03, C2, C5) a)

EH/JAN 2012/CBE682

In adsorption processes one or more components of a gas or liquid stream are adsorbed on the surface of a solid adsorbent and a separation is accomplished. The adsorbent is usually in the form of small particles in a fixed bed. Give three (3) examples of commercially available adsorbents and describe the characteristics to each of them. (12 marks) As a Trainee Engineer in your company, you have been given the assignment to remove moisture from a protein product that is sensitive to high temperature. The final product requires only low purity protein. Suggest a suitable unit operation to achieve the task and describe the concept or principles. Justify your answer with the advantages of that particular separation process. (13 marks)

b)

QUESTION 2 (P02, C02, C3) A viscous solution containing particles with a density p p = 1461 kg/m3 is to be clarified by centrifugation. The solution density p = 801 kg/m3 and its viscosity is 100 cp. The centrifuge has a bowl with /* = 0.00716 m, r2 = 0.02225 m and height, b = 0.1970 m. Calculate the critical particle diameter, Dpc of the largest particles in the exit stream if N = 23 000 rev/min and the flow rate q = 0.002832 m3/h. (10 marks)

QUESTION 3 (P02, P06, C02, C 0 1 , C4, C3) a) A hot solution of Ba(N03)2 from an evaporator contains 30.6 kg Ba(NO3)2/100 kg H20 and goes to a crystallizer where the solution is cooled and Ba(N0 3 ) 2 crystallizes. By cooling, 10% of the original water present evaporates. For a feed solution of 100 kg total, calculate the yield of crystals if the solution is cooled to 290 K, where the solubility is 8.6 kg Ba(NO3)2/100 kg total water. (12 marks) Crystallizers may be classified according to the method of suspending the growing product crystals. Examples are crystallizers where the suspension is agitated in a tank, or is circulated in a scraped surface exchanger. Choose one of these crystallizers and describe in detail its operation. (8 marks)

b)

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CONFIDENTIAL QUESTION 4

EH/JAN 2012/CBE682

(P02, C02, C3)

You are assigned by the Process Engineer to separate an air stream using a membrane of 1 mm thick with an oxygen permeability of P'A = 500 X 10"10 cm3 (STP)cm/(scm 2 cm Hg). An a* = 10 for oxygen permeability divided by nitrogen permeability will be used. The feed rate, feed composition and fraction cut are Lf= 1 X 106 cm3 (STP)/s, x, = 0.209 and 9 = 0.20, respectively. The pressures selected for use are ph = 190 cm Hg and Pi = 19 cm Hg. Assuming the complete-mixing model, a) Calculate the permeate composition, yp. (8 marks) b) Calculate the reject composition, x0. (3 marks) c) Determine the membrane area, Am, needed to achieve the separation process. (4 marks)

QUESTION 5 (P06, P02, C 0 1 , C02, C2, C5) Leaching processes are used extensively in the metals processing industries. The useful metals usually occur in mixtures with very large amounts of undesirable constituents, and leaching is used to remove the metals as soluble salts. a) Describe the preparation process of solids for leaching of inorganic and organic materials. (10 marks) A continuous countercurrent multistage system is to be used to leach oil from meal by benzene solvent. The process is to treat 2000 kg/h of inert solid meal (B) containing 800 kg oil (A) and also 50 kg benzene (C). The inlet flow per hour of fresh solvent mixture contains 1310 kg benzene and 20 kg oil. The leached solids are to contain 120 kg oil. The underflow is constant at N = 1.85 kg solid/kg solution. Calculate the amounts and compositions of the two exit streams, and find the total number of theoretical stages. Attach Appendix 2 to your answer booklet. (20 marks)

b)

END OF QUESTION PAPER

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APPENDIX 1

EH/JAN 2012/CBE682

FORMULA LIST

l.

o) =

2TJN

60

2.

V = 7rb(r22 - r , 2 )
=fi> q

(p, - p) V (V) 18Ailn[2r2/(r1+r2)]

-b + yjb2 -Aac

4-

y =

2a 0Lfyp Jt){PhXo.)

5.

A =
> ,

yP =

-6, + A 2 - 4 f l i
2ax

al=0 + ^--^-0-a*0-a*^Ph Ph Ph

a*^L0
Ph

bl=l-0-xf--^ cx = -a*xf

+ -e + a*e + a*2L-a*2L0 Ph Ph Ph PH

+ a*xf

9. 10.

WGX=cs{TG,-T0)+H,Xo

11.

#'si =CPSK-TO)

+ *XCIU(TSI

-T0)

12.

Co =1.005+ 1.88/7

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APPENDIX 2

EH/JAN 2012/CBE682

N (kg inert solids / kg solution)

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