Tamil Nadu Report

Identification of Tourism Circuits across India
Interim Report
Tamil Nadu
March 2012
Submitted to: Ministry of Tourism, Government of India 1, Parliament Street, Transport Bhawan, New Delhi - 110001 2nd Floor, Ambience Corporate Tower, Ambience Mall, NH-8, Gurgaon, Haryana 122 001 Submitted by:
Table of Contents 1. Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 2. 2.1 2.2 3. 3.1 3.2 4. 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 5. 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.10 5.11 6. 6.1 6.2 Assignment Brief .................................................................................................................... 1 Objectives of the Study ........................................................................................................... 1 Approach and Methodology.................................................................................................... 1 Structure of the Report ............................................................................................................ 3 Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 5 Tourism in the State ................................................................................................................ 6 Based on Secondary Research .............................................................................................. 13 Key Parameters ..................................................................................................................... 14 State Government.................................................................................................................. 15 State Level Travel and Tour Operators and Other Representatives ...................................... 16 Ranked List of Circuits ......................................................................................................... 17 Carrying Capacity Assessment ............................................................................................. 18 Town wise Carrying Capacity Analysis................................................................................ 23 Chennai ................................................................................................................................. 25 Chennai - Kancheepuram ...................................................................................................... 32 Kancheepuram-Vellore ......................................................................................................... 37 Vellore Yelagiri ................................................................................................................. 40 Vellore to Thiruvannamalai .................................................................................................. 42 Thiruvannamalai Gingee .................................................................................................... 47 Thiruvannamalai Dharmapuri ............................................................................................ 48 Dharmapuri - Salem .............................................................................................................. 51 Salem - Namakkal ................................................................................................................. 54 Namakkal Trichy ............................................................................................................... 56 SWOT Analysis of the Circuit .............................................................................................. 58 Investments ........................................................................................................................... 64 Estimated Employment Generation ...................................................................................... 64
Brief on the State ............................................................................................................................ 5
Stakeholders Consultation............................................................................................................. 13
Existing Infrastructure Status of the Circuit.................................................................................. 15
Existing Infrastructure Status in the Priority Circuit..................................................................... 25
Projects Identification, Block Cost Estimate, Implementation and Funding ................................ 60
List of Tables Table 1: Transport Infrastructure Status in State .................................................................................... 8 Table 2: Tourist Accommodation in Tamil Nadu ................................................................................. 10 Table 3: Major sites in the Circuit: Chennai to Trichy ......................................................................... 17 Table 4: UDPFI Density Limits ............................................................................................................ 20 Table 5: Physical and Ecological Indicators ......................................................................................... 21 Table 6: Social and Demographic Indicators ........................................................................................ 22 Table 7: Political Economic Indicators ................................................................................................. 22 Table 8: Evaluation Criterion for Physical and Ecological Indicators .................................................. 23 Table 9: Carrying Capacity Analysis of the Circuit .............................................................................. 23 Table 10: Infrastructure status/availability at Marina Beach ................................................................ 26 Table 11: Infrastructure status/availability at Santhome Cathedral ...................................................... 27 Table 12: Infrastructure status/availability at Kapaleeswarar Temple .................................................. 28 Table 13: Infrastructure status/availability at Elliot Beach ................................................................... 30 Table 14: Infrastructure status/availability at Pulicat Lake................................................................... 31 Table 15: Infrastructure status/availability between Chennai-Kancheepuram ..................................... 33 Table 16: Infrastructure status/availability at Kamakshi Amman Temple ........................................... 34 Table 17: Infrastructure status/availability at Rajiv Gandhi Memorial ................................................ 35 Table 18: Infrastructure status/availability at Ramanujar Temple ........................................................ 36 Table 19: Infrastructure status/availability between Kancheepuram-Vellore ....................................... 37 Table 20: Infrastructure status/availability at Vellore Fort ................................................................... 38 Table 21: Infrastructure status/availability at Golden Temple .............................................................. 39 Table 22: Infrastructure status/availability between Vellore-Yelagiri .................................................. 40 Table 23: Infrastructure status/availability at Yelagiri Hills ................................................................. 41 Table 24: Infrastructure status/availability between Vellore - Thiruvanamalai .................................... 43 Table 25: Infrastructure status/availability at Renugambal Temple ..................................................... 43 Table 26: Infrastructure status/availability at Jawadhu Hills ................................................................ 45 Table 27: Infrastructure status/availability at Arunachaleswaram Temple .......................................... 46 Table 28: Infrastructure status/availability between Thiruvanamalai-Gingee ...................................... 47 Table 29: Infrastructure status/availability at Gingee Fort ................................................................... 48 Table 30: Infrastructure status/availability between Thiruvanamalai-Dharmapuri .............................. 49 Table 31: Infrastructure status/availability at Hogenakkal Water Falls ................................................ 50 Table 32: Infrastructure status/availability between Dharmapuri - Salem ............................................ 52 Table 33: Infrastructure status/availability at Yercaud Hills ................................................................ 53 Table 34: Infrastructure status/availability between Salem Namakkal .............................................. 54 Table 35: Infrastructure status/availability at Kolli Hills ...................................................................... 55
Table 36: Infrastructure status/availability between Namakkal (Kolli Hills) Trichy (Srirangam Temple) ................................................................................................................................................. 56 Table 37: Infrastructure status/availability at Srirangam Temple ......................................................... 57 Table 38: Project Identification, Block Cost Estimates, Implementing Agency and Funding ............. 60 Table 39: PPP Bifurcation of the Identified Projects ............................................................................ 64 Table 40: Estimated Employment Generation in the Circuit ................................................................ 64
List of Figures Figure 1: Study Methodology ................................................................................................................. 2 Figure 2: District Map of Tamil Nadu .................................................................................................... 5 Figure 3: Road Network of Tamil Nadu ................................................................................................. 8 Figure 4: Railway Network Map of Tamil Nadu .................................................................................... 9 Figure 5: Tamil Nadu Tourist Circuit 1 ................................................................................................ 16 Figure 6: Methodology for Carrying Capacity Analysis....................................................................... 19 Figure 7: Destinations in Chennai ......................................................................................................... 25 Figure 8: Destinations between Chennai and Kancheepuram............................................................... 32 Figure 9: Destinations between Vellore and Yelagiri ........................................................................... 40 Figure 10: Destinations between Vellore and Thiruvannamalai ........................................................... 42 Figure 11: Destinations between Thiruvannamalai and Dharmapuri ................................................... 48 Figure 12: Destinations between Dharampuri and Salem ..................................................................... 51 Figure 13: Destinations between Namakkal and Trichy ....................................................................... 56
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1. Introduction
1.1 Assignment Brief
IL&FS Infrastructure Development Corporation Ltd (IL&FS IDC) appointed as the National Level Consultant by Ministry of Tourism, is in the process of identifying tourism circuits across all the States and UTs (except North-East). These circuits are proposed to be developed during the 12th Plan, in an integrated manner with Central Financial Assistance and appropriate involvement of State Governments and private sector. For the first phase, the process has been started with the selection of existing/new tourist circuits (4 in each state and 2 in Union Territories). These circuits have been structured considering the length, duration and connectivity. After the identification and prioritisation of these circuits in Phase I, the next step is to identify the basic and tourism related infrastructural and promotional needs of the identified circuits, which are to be implemented on priority basis, along with the tentative cost estimates. These projects should be related to development of basic as well as tourism related infrastructure. Thereafter, Detailed Project Reports (DPRs) will be prepared by the State Level Consultant for the projects identified along with their financial projections.
1.2
Objectives of the Study
The objectives of the current study include: 1) To identify the potential tourist circuits/destinations in the state of Tamil Nadu. 2) To analyze the potential and carrying capacity of the identified tourist circuits/destinations and prioritize the same. 3) Assess the existing infrastructure basic and tourism related - for the circuits/destinations. 4) To assess the interventions for improving the quantity and quality of basic and tourism infrastructure for prioritized circuits/destinations. 5) Identify infrastructural projects to be initiated by central/state/private sector
1.3
Approach and Methodology
Figure 1 presents a flow diagram of the approach and methodology used for the present study. Based on primary and secondary sources, literature search and discussions with key stake holders (State Govt and local tour & travel industry), the existing tourists flow and orientation were studied. The existing and future potential and connectivity of the destinations were studied for an initial screening of the tourist circuits / destinations.
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Initial Screening of Tourist Circuits
Secondary Research Potential Popularity Connectivity
Short listing of the Circuits
Discussion with Department of Tourism, representatives of Travel & Tourism Industry and other stakeholders
Carrying Capacity Assessment
Identified Circuits along with Priority Circuit Parameters Transport, Roads condition, Access to modes of transportation, Utilities, Accommodation, Way side amenities, Management of tourist attractions Based on Stakeholder Consultations Reconnaissance survey
Detailed Infrastructure Gap Assessment
Identification of Prospective Projects with Block Cost Estimates
Final Report
Figure 1: Study Methodology After the initial screening, the circuits identified were discussed with the State Government (Department of Tourism), representatives of Travel & Tourism Industry and other stakeholders. On the basis of these consultations, tourism circuits have been shortlisted. In order to understand existing capacity of the shortlisted circuits as well as destinations, a detailed carrying capacity assessment has been done. This assessment is, primarily, based on the residential and tourist population densities of the town/cities. Based on the above exercise, four circuits have been identified and prioritized. The circuits have been prioritized after consultations with the stakeholders and based on the popularity, tourists flow pattern and perceived need for improvements/investments to basic and tourism infrastructure. In this report, the circuit identified as the priority circuit by the state government in terms of potential and requirement for infrastructure development has been selected for further study.
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The assessment has been carried out to understand the significance of the identified sites from a tourist perspective and to map the availability of tourism infrastructure. The typical infrastructure required includes facilities at entry-exit points, accommodation, way-side amenities, physical & social infrastructure, public utilities as well as health & security. This assessment is based on reconnaissance survey done along the route, wayside and on site of the priority circuit. The focus of the assessment has been on the following areas: 1) Modes of Transport- airways, roadways and railways and access thereto 2) Road network 3) Utilities-power, water facility, etc 4) Accommodation 5) Way side amenities 6) Maintenance and management of built heritage/tourist attractions On the basis of the above assessment and discussions with stakeholders, an exercise has been carried out to identify tourism infrastructure gaps. Based on these gaps as well as the site potential, sustainable projects have been proposed along with indicative block costs. The proposed projects are intended to achieve the following objectives: 1) Products and activities proposed which will enhance the tourist inflow and will increase the duration of stay of tourists in the circuit as well as providing socio-economic benefits at a larger level. 2) Sustainable projects, which will attract different investors and private players to participate in tourism infrastructure development.
1.4
Structure of the Report
The present report, which covers the priority circuit of Bihar, has been divided into following sections: Chapter 1: Introduction: This chapter provides the rationale behind the assignment, aims and key objectives of the study followed by approach and methodology adopted for the same. Chapter 2: Brief on the State: This section of the report focuses on the profile of the state, especially in terms of infrastructure, tourism trends and key spots/sites. Chapter 3: Initial Screening of the Circuits: This chapter is followed by sections explaining the process of initial screening/short listing of tourism circuits which is largely based on key parameters like tourist profile, carrying capacity, safety and sustainability, respectively. Chapter 4: Stakeholders Consultations and Selection of Tourist Circuits: This chapter provides information on the Stakeholder consultations done at Centre as well as State level and along with their respective outcome. The latter sections in this chapter also focus on the carrying capacity analysis done for the tourist circuits. 3|Page
Chapter 5: Existing Infrastructure Status of the Priority Circuit: This chapter analyses current status of circuits (based on site study undertaken) and infrastructure gaps identified during the site visit. Based on this, assessment of the level of adequacy of infrastructure has been undertaken with respect to the existing infrastructure, increasing tourist inflow, destination popularity, types of tourists and seasonality. Chapter 6: The last chapter of the study report provides information on prospective projects in the circuits that can be taken up for infrastructural upgradation.
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2. Brief on the State

2.1 Introduction
The State of Tamil Nadu, situated in the southern part of the Indian Peninsula, has over 20 centuries of cultural heritage and historic significance as most dynamic dynasties like the Cholas, the Pandayas, the Cheras and the Pallavas had ruled this region. It has been bestowed by nature with a long Coramandel coast line. Post Independence, the state was split up along linguistic line under the States Reorganization Act. In 1969, Madras State was renamed as Tamil Nadu, with Chennai (formerly known as Madras) as the state capital. Tamil Nadu is the eleventh largest and seventh most populous state in the country with a growth rate of 11.7%1. The state has countrys third longest coastline of about 910 kilometres (600 miles). Tamil Nadu is bordered by Kerala to the West, Karnataka to the northwest and Andhra Pradesh to the North. Bay of Bengal and the Union Territory of Puducherry are towards the East.
Figure 2: District Map of Tamil Nadu

(Source: www.mapsofindia.com)
Census of India, 2001
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The State has 32 districts which are further divided into 76 revenue divisions for administrative purposes. These 76 divisions are further divided into 220 Talukas. For local self-governance in rural areas, there are 562 Nagar Town Panchayats and 12,618 Village Panchayats. The urban areas are governed through 10 Municipal Corporations and 152 Municipal Councils.2
2.2
Tourism in the State
The state of Tamil Nadu is one of the most popular tourism destinations attracting highest number of domestic & international tourists with impressive temples, which are true edifices of a great and ancient culture vibrant and lively even today. The state, promoted as Enchanted Tamil Nadu, has various tourism assets such as beaches, forests, hill stations, national parks and wildlife sanctuaries, pilgrimage and heritage locations and the long bio-diversity coastline. These locations provide immense opportunities for sightseeing, pleasure and leisure, to the visitors of various categories including adventure tourists. Tourism is an important contributor to the state GSDP. The total estimated earnings from tourism in the year 2010 were around 1.82 crores.3 2.2.1 Trends in Tourist Arrivals As per the tourism survey undertaken by Market Research Division of Ministry of Tourism, Tamil Nadu is one of the major tourist destinations in the country. The major outcome of the survey findings are as follows: a) Total number of tourist / visitor arrivals in the state of Tamil Nadu during the period of 2009 2010 was 8,04,06,657. b) Out of the total number of visitors, domestic tourists in Tamil Nadu accounted for 97% (7,80,37,607). c) Total number of foreign tourist arrivals in Tamil Nadu during the period of 2009 - 2010 was 23,69,050. d) Foreign tourists in Tamil Nadu accounted for only 3% of the total tourists/ visitors to the state. 2.2.2 State Level Agencies associated with Tourism The Directorate of Tourism Chennai (DoT), Government of Tamil Nadu, is the apex body responsible for the promotion and development of tourism in Tamil Nadu. The DoT is responsible for: Schemes for Tourism promotion and development in the state Monitors Implementation and administration The DoT is supported by the Tamil Nadu Tourism Development Corporation Limited Chennai (TTDC) and 14 Regional Offices.
Policy note 2011-12,Revenue Department, Government of Tamil Nadu
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The Tamil Nadu Tourism Development Corporation Limited (TTDC) was incorporated in 1971 with an objective of promoting tourism in Tamil Nadu by providing infrastructure facilities of transport and tourist accommodation and tourism products. The TTDC operates several Hotels, Youth Hostels, Restaurant, which provides quality accommodation to the tourists at affordable rates. The State Tourism Department, in addition to the Tourism Director Office in Chennai, and 14 Regional offices at district head quarters has opened 16 Tourism information centers located at railway stations and airports in the state with an objective of disseminating information on tourism potential and facilities in Tamil Nadu. 2.2.3 Available Destinations/Circuits Pilgrim destinations - Madurai, Chidambaram, Kancheepuram, Kanyakumari, Nagore, Palani, Rameshwaram, Thiruvannamalai, Srirangam, Thanjavur and Velankanni. Heritage - Gangaikonda Cholapuram, Mamallapuram, Chennai, Gingee, Vellore, Poompuhar, Thanjavur, Thiruchirapalli, Madhurai and Dindigal. Hill stations - Ooty, Kodaikanal, Yercaud, Coonoor, Rameshwaram, Santhanur Dam, Kanyakumari. Adventure destinations - Udagamandalam, Anamalai Hills, Kodaikanal, Elagiri Hills, Kolli Hills, Kalakkadu-Mundaturai. Wildlife reserves Mudumalai, Grizzled Squirrel Wild Life Sanctuary, Indira Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary, Kalakkad Wild Life Sanctuary, Mundaturai Sanctuary, Kanyakumari Wild Life Sanctuary, Sathyamangalam Wild Life Sanctuary, Vallanadu Wild Life Sanctuary. One of the key contributors to Tamil Nadus success has been in the development of tourism products instead of merely destinations. For example Tamil Nadu is closely associated with three major products namely, Pilgrimage, Heritage and Hill station holidays. These have been sustained by development of supporting tourism products such as eco-tourism, adventure and wildlife tourism. 2.2.4 Infrastructure and Connectivity
Tamil Nadu has one of the largest road network (6% of total Indian road network) in the country and 98% of the villages are well connected with all-weather roads in the state and rest are connected with fair weather roads. The state encompasses Southern Railway Zone headquarters at Chennai. The State has 5 percent of total railway network of the country. Tamil Nadu is also well connected to major cities in the USA, E.U, Asia and other Indian metropolitan cities by air route.
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Table 1: Transport Infrastructure Status in State

Linkages I. National Highway III. State Highways V. Corporation & Municipal Roads Other Roads Railway International Airports Domestic Airports Upcoming Airports Major Ports Minor Ports Length / Number II. 4,432.75 km IV. 56,767.8 km 18,262.4 km 1,20,977.4 km 5,952 km 3 (Chennai, Thiruchirapalli, Coimbatore) 3 (Madhurai, Salem, Tuticorin) 1 3 (Chennai, Ennore and Tuticorin) 14
a) Roadways The state is well connected with its neighbouring states and the other parts of India through 24 National Highways, covering a distance of 4,432 km. The state is also a terminus for the Golden Quadrilateral project. Tamil Nadu accounts for 6percent of total National Highways in India4.
Figure 3: Road Network of Tamil Nadu

(Source: Govt. of Tamil Nadu Highways Department & Tamil Nadu Economics & Statistics 2010-11)
www.ibef.org
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b) Railways The rail transport system of Tamil Nadu is well-connected to other parts of the country with a railway network spanning 5,952 km and 532 stations in the State. Chennai has a well-established suburban railway network and also in the process of developing a metro to serve the local passengers every day. The railway network in Tamil Nadu is a part of the Southern Railways, with its head quarters in Chennai, spreading across Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Pondicherry and small portions of Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka.
Figure 4: Railway Network Map of Tamil Nadu

(Source: www.mapsofindia.com)
c) Airports There are three International airports located at Chennai, Tiruchirapalli and Coimbatore of which the Chennai International airport is the third largest airport in India next to Mumbai and Delhi. The state
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also has three domestic airports in the state located at Madurai, Salem and Tuticorin. The state Government has also decided to set up a green field airport at Sriperumbudur near Chennai. 2.2.5 Tourist Accommodation As per the India Tourism Statistics 2009, there are 228 Hotels available in the state which provides 11699 rooms for tourists. Table 2: Tourist Accommodation in Tamil Nadu
Town-wise Distribution
Avinashi Batlagundu Chennai Chidambara m Coimbatore Colachel Gobichettipal ayam Coonoor Coutrallam Darasuram Dindigul Erode Gudalur Hosur Hongenekkal Kanchipuram Kanathur Kanya
5 StarDeluxe
5Star
4Star
3Star
2Star
1Star
Aptt. Hotel
Time Share Resort -
Heritage
UnClassified
Total
Rooms / Beds 5 6 1034 763 -
5 745 1 135 1 88 -
1 71 1 20 30 2244 1 43 4 256 1 38 1 20 2 33 1 52 1 36 1 37 1
15 533 6 269 1 21 1 47 1 18 1 24 1
9 249 3 68 17 578 1 23 2 57 3 93 1 30 -
6 629 -1 32 2
1 71 1 20 76 6197 4 111 28 1238 1 21 1 47 1 32 2 61 1 20 3 75 3 93 2 33 1 52 1 24 3 154 1 37 4
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Town-wise Distribution Kumari

Kallakurichi Kalhatti, Nilgiris Karur Kolli Hills Kodai Kanal Madurai Mamallapura m Masinagudi Namakkal Theni Palani Perambalur Pollachi Pudukkottai Rajapalayam Ranipet Salem Sriperumpud ur Tanjore Tenkasi Trichy Tirunelvelli
5 StarDeluxe
5Star
4Star
3Star
2Star
1Star
Aptt. Hotel
Time Share Resort ---
Heritage
UnClassified
Total
1 91 1 63 -
71 2 92 3 187 2 56 1 52 3 226 1 30 1 82 -
43 1 22 2 41 3 93 1 50 1 42 1 71 1 40 1
1 11 1 33 1 11 5 231 1 32 1 15 2 46 1 60 1 36 1 21 21 42 4 95 1 40 -
--
84 3 213 2 62 --
198 1 22 1 11 1 33 1 11 1 91 8 386 4 219 1 15 2 46 2 56 1 60 2 41 4 249 5 155 1 50 1 21 23 136 4 297 5 125 1 40 2 122 1
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Town-wise Distribution
Tirupur Tuticorin Udhaghaman dalam Valaparai Vellore Virudhnagar Vridachalam Yercaud Total (No. of Hotels) (No. of Rooms)
5 StarDeluxe 5 1034
5Star 8 917
4Star -7 968
3Star 3 132 1 74 4 334 1 37 67 4223
2Star 42 2 86 1 40 40 1482
1Star 2 50 1 24 1 24 3 83 1 27 85 1979
Aptt. Hotel 0 0
Time Share Resort -0 0
Heritage
UnClassified 1 36 15 1056
Total
1 40 1 40
42 8 304 2 114 5 374 1 24 1 24 3 83 1 27 1 37 228 11699
Table 2 shows that hotel accommodation of 5star/deluxe category is available only in Chennai, Kodai Kanal and Madurai while in cities like Tirupur, Trichi, Vellore, Chennai etc accommodation facility is available mostly in 3star and 2star category. Options of developing Time Share Resorts can be further explored at hilly and coastal destinations in the state. TTDC has also set up several Hotels, Youth Hostels, and Restaurants which provide quality accommodation to the tourists at affordable rates. TTDC Deluxe Hotels are presently operational at the following locations: Chennai, Krishnagiri, Madhurai-I, Madhurai-II, Mamallapuram, Kanniyakumari, Kodaikanal, Palani, Rameshwaram, Thanjavur, Trichy, Udhagamandalam and Yercaud.
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3. Stakeholders Consultation
3.1 Based on Secondary Research
On the basis of informal interaction between the representatives of Department of Tourism, Government of Tamil Nadu, representative from Asian Development Bank (ADB) and IL&FS IDC5 on 20.09.2011 as well as secondary reserach, following five circuits were identified: Circuit 1: Circuit 2: Circuit 3: Circuit 4: Circuit 5: Chennai-Kancheepuram-Tiruvannamalai-Vellore- Salem-Trichy Madhurai- Coimbatore Trichy-Pudukkottai-Sivaganga-Rameswaram-Madurai Rameswaram-Kanniyakumari Vagaikulam (Thoothukudi) Circuit
In similar context, on subsequent discussions with the Department of Tourism, Government of Tamil Nadu and Tourism and Culture, the Tourism and Culture Department, Government of Tamil Nadu finalized the following Tourist Circuits, Tourism Park and Rural Tourism6: Tourism Circuit Circuit 1: Circuit 2: Circuit 3: Circuit 4: Tourism Park a) Chennai (Priority) b) Trichy Rural Tourism a) Sivanaga- Chettinad area:- Karaikudi, Pillyarpatti, Kanadukathan, Athangudi. b) Thanjauvr :- Kumbakonam, Swamimalai, Dharasuram, Patteeswaram, Nachiyarkovil area c) Thirunelveli :- Kallidaikurichi, Ambasamudram, Papanasam, Mundanthurai area d) Kanniyakumari :- Suchindram, Thirparappu, Thiruvattar, Udhayagiri, Thengaipattinam area e) Coimbatore :- Pollachi, Anaimalai, Azhiyar area f) Namakkal :- Kolli Hills area Chennai-Kancheepuram-Tiruvannamalai-Vellore-Dharmapuri-Salem-Trichy(Priority) Madhurai-Dindigul-Coimbatore-Ooty Trichy-Pudukkottai-Sivaganga-Ramanathapuram Tuticorin-Tiruchendur-Tirunelveli-Kanniyakumari
5
6
MoM, held on 20th September,2011 vide letters 9179/T1/2011-3 dated 31.10.2011 and 9179/T1/2011-6 dated 01.12.2011
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3.2
Key Parameters
In line with the above discussion, further research has been done to identify and prioritize the circuits. Realizing the need, the study narrowed down to derive few key parameters on the basis of which circuits have been put on priority basis. These key parameters have been listed below: 1) Tourist Profile Type of tourists visiting a destination depends on the nature of destination. They can be broadly categorized into domestic and international tourists. This further affects the physical and socioeconomic development of a destination as spending patterns determines the related multiplier effects. It also governs the type and scale of infrastructure required. The average daily expenditure incurred by a foreign tourist and a domestic tourist in Tamil Nadu as envisaged in the States 10th Five Year Plan are Rs. 2700 and Rs. 750 and the average duration of stay of a foreign tourist and a domestic tourist is 7 days and 12 days. The share of international tourists to the above mentioned circuits come from Sri Lanka, Malaysia, followed by Singapore7. 2) Capacity & Sustainability The carrying capacity8 assessment and sustainability of tourism in the circuits identified is an important component of the study as it will form the basis for resource allocation and future development. The carrying capacity assessment has been done separately for the circuits, based on city population (resident), population density and tourist population and density (floating population). The estimation has been done by comparing the total density with the city density norms for small, medium and large town / cities set by Urban Development Plan Formulation and Implementation Guidelines (UDPFI). Only such places have been considered that can offer a sustainable value proposition to the tourists such that when tourism products are offered in those places, they can be maintained as well. 3) Travel and Tour Generally, tour operators organize trips in such a way that only popular sites can be covered in a given period of time. This practice creates more pressure on such destinations, such as Chennai. Therefore, while selecting the circuits, attempts have been made to promote the sites situated around these popular/saturated destinations which are relatively less developed. 4) Safety Tourist safety has been considered and attempts have been made not to incorporate any such destination which is already adversely affected in terms of law and order.
7
8
20 Years Perspective Tourism Plan for The State of Tamil Nadu, March 2003 Carrying capacity is defined as maximum number of individuals than a given environment can support without any adverse impact on it.
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4. Existing Infrastructure Status of the Circuit

4.1 State Government
In case of Tamil Nadu state, after the initial screening, the shortlisted circuits have been discussed with the representatives of respective authorities of Tourism and Culture (T1) Department. Based on the discussions, following circuits and projects have been identified by the State Government which can be considered for further assessments: Priority Circuit: Chennai-Kancheepuram-Tiruvannamalai-Vellore-Dharmapuri-Salem-Trichy Tourism Park: Chennai Rural Tourism a. Sivanaga- Chettinad area:- Karaikudi, Pillyarpatti, Kanadukathan, Athangudi. b. Thanjavur :- Kumbakonam, Swamimalai, Dharasuram, Patteswaram, Nachiyarkovil area The following destinations were identified under Circuit-1 Chennai: Major Destination, Marina Beach, St. George Fort and Fort Museum, Santhome Cathedral, Kapaleeswarar Temple, National Art Gallery, Government Museum, Elliot Beach (Besant Nagar), Pulicate Lake, Mamallapuram Kancheepuram: Sripermpudhur, Rajiv Gandhi Memorial/ Ramanujar Birth Place, Kamakshi Amma Temple, Handicrafts Silk Handloom, Thennankar-Panduranga Temple Thiruvannamalai: Gingee Fort, Arunachaleswaram Temple, Seshadri Swamigal Ashram, Jawadhu Hills (Lake, Waterfalls, Forest), Renugambal Temple, Padaveedu (TVS)
Vellore: Vellore Fort, Prison, Tippu Mahal, Golden Temple, Yelagiri Hills, Pudurnadu Dharmapuri: Hogenakkal Falls
Salem: Yercaud Hills Namakkal: Kolli Hills, Hanuman Temple Trichy: Sri Rangam Temple
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Figure 5: Tamil Nadu Tourist Circuit 1
4.2
State Level Travel and Tour Operators and Other Representatives
Views of representatives of the State Tour and Travel industry were also sought. Based on the discussions with local tour operators, following circuits have been identified which can be considered for further assessments: 1) Chennai - Mahabalipuram Kanchipuram - Puducherry Thanjavur - Trichi Madurai Rameswaram 2) Chennai - Mahabalipuram Kanchipuram - Puducherry 3) Chennai-Madurai-Kodai Kanal-Coimbatore-Ooty 4) Chennai-Kanchipuram-Mahabalipuram-Tanjor-Trichy-Madurai-Periyar-Kottayam-AlleppeyKovalam-Trivandrum
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4.3
Ranked List of Circuits
The National-level Stakeholder consultation conducted by the Ministry of Tourism led to the recommendation of the following circuits to be developed, with the first one to be treated as Priority Circuit: Circuit 1: Chennai-Kancheepuram-Tiruvannamalai-Vellore-Dharmapuri-Salem-Trichy (Priority) Circuit 2: Madhurai-Dindigul-Coimbatore-Ooty Circuit 3: Trichy-Pudukkottai-Sivaganga-Ramanathapuram Circuit 4: Tuticorin-Tiruchendur-Tirunelveli-Kanniyakumari Considering the popularity and high number of tourist visits to Circuit 1(Chennai to Trichy), it was decided by the NLC to take this up on a pilot case for study. For the purpose of detailed analysis of existing infrastructure and gap assessment, it has been taken up on priority basis. This circuit is a mix of beaches, hill stations, heritage structures and temples along the western coast of the state covering a total length of approx.910 kms. This circuit starts from Chennai and ends at Trichy covering important sites mentioned in Table 3: Table 3: Major sites in the Circuit: Chennai to Trichy Tourist Spots District Entry / Exit Points Major Destination Chennai Chennai, Vellore, Thiruvannamalai, Marina Beach Trichy St. George Fort and Fort Museum Santhome Cathedral Kapaleeswarar Temple National Art Gallery Government Museum Elliot Beach (Besant Nagar) Pulicate Lake Sripermpudhur Kancheepuram Kancheepuram Rajiv Gandhi Memorial/ Ramanujar Birth Place Kamakshi Amma Temple Handicrafts Silk Handloom ThennankarPanduranga Temple Thiruvannamalai Gingee Gort Thiruvannamalai Arunachaleswaram Temple Seshadri Swamigal Ashram Jawadhu Hills ( Lake, Waterfalls, Forest)
Major points Chennai
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Major points
Vellore
Dharampuri Salem Namakkal Trichy
Tourist Spots Renugambal Temple Padaveedu (TVS) Vellore Fort Prison Tippu Mahal Golden Temple Yelagiri Hills Pudurnadu Hogenakkal Falls Yercaud Hills Kolli Hills Hanuman Temple Sri Rangam Temple
District
Entry / Exit Points
Vellore
Dharampuri Salem Namakkal Tiruchirapalli
Source: Tamil Nadu Tourism Development Corporation
4.4
Carrying Capacity Assessment
Tourism carrying capacity is defined as the maximum number of people that may visit the tourist destination without causing destruction of the physical, economic and socio cultural environment and an unacceptable decrease in the quality of visitors satisfaction. (Alvin Chandy, 2009) Assessment of TCC is based on three major indicators: Physical-Ecological, Socio-Demographic and Political- Economic. Physical and Ecological Indicators are based on fixed components (ecological capacity, assimilative capacity) and flexible components (infrastructure systems like water supply, electricity, transportation, etc). Socio-demographic Indicators refer to social and demographic issues and importance to local communities, as they relate to the presence and growth of tourism. Some of these can be expressed in quantitative terms but most require suitable socio- psychological research. Political-economic Indicators refer to the impacts of tourism on local economic structures, activities, etc. including competition to other sectors. The objective of the interventions intended by the Ministry of Tourism, Government of India is to improve the quality and quantity of tourism infrastructure at tourist destinations/circuits in a sustainable manner. Hence, for the purposes of this report the primary focus would be on the Physical and Ecological Indicators. It is expected that improvement in physical infrastructure at destinations/circuits would translate into improvements in the socio-demographic and politicaleconomic conditions of these places.
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Figure 6: Methodology for Carrying Capacity Analysis The methodology for evaluating the available carrying capacity for the tourist destinations of the circuit is illustrated in Figure 6 and is described below:
I. Calculation of Existing Load (LEXISTING)

This is done by calculating the following: a) Resident Population Density (RP): This was derived by dividing the existing resident population of the tourist town by its area in hectares (ha.) b) Domestic Tourist Density (DT ): This was derived as follows: Step 1. Domestic Tourist Arrival (TD): Domestic tourist arrivals during peak season (days) was determined. Step 2. Domestic Tourist stay days in peak seasons (TDSP): TDSP = TD * Stay Average Days Step 3. Average number of tourist staying per day during peak season (DSP): This was evaluated by dividing the number of tourist stay days per season by the number of days comprising the peak season DSP = Stay Average Days / Days Peak Season Step 4. Domestic Tourist Density (DT): This was evaluated by dividing Average number of tourist staying per day during peak season by area of tourist town in hectares. DT = PS / Area c) Foreign Tourist Density (FT ): This was derived as follows: Domestic tourist arrival was
multiplied by average number of days of tourist stay at that tourist town.
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Step 1. Foreign Tourist Arrival (TF): Foreign tourist arrivals during peak season (days) was determined Step 2. Tourist stay days in peak seasons (TFSP): Foreign tourist arrival was multiplied by average number of day of stay for tourist at that tourist town. TFSP = TF * Stay Average Days Step 3. Average number of tourist staying per day during peak season (FSP): This was evaluated by dividing the number of tourist stay days per season by the number of days comprising the peak season. FSP = Stay Average Days / Days Peak Season Step 4. Foreign Tourist Density: This was evaluated by diving Average number of tourist staying per day during peak season by area of tourist town in hectares. FT = PS / Area Aggregate Peak Density (APD) = Resident Population Density + Domestic Tourist Density +Foreign Tourist Density APD = RP + DT + FT Existing Load (LEXISTING) = Aggregate Peak Density * Area of the town LEXISTING = APD * Area II. Estimation of Carrying Capacity (CC) a) UDPFI Density (DUDPFI): The Urban Development Plan Formulation and Implementation Guidelines (UDPFI, 1996) guidelines classifies the towns on the basis of population as mentioned in Table 4. Table 4: UDPFI Density Limits
Towns Small Town Medium Town Large City Metro Cities Small Hill Town Medium Hill Town Large Hill Town 20000 20000-80000 More than 80000 Population Less than 50000 50000 - 500000 More than 500000 Upper Limit Density (PPH) 125 150 150 175 75 90 90
Source: UDPFI Guidelines, 1996 The densities suggested by the UDPFI guidelines as shown in Table 4 are for the standard cases. Tourist towns which vary from highly eco-sensitive sanctuaries to highly dense pilgrimage places have specific characteristics and carrying capacities. Thus, UDPFI densities need to be adjusted to account for these factors, which is done with the help of Normalizing Density () Normalizing Density ()
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Normalizing density is evaluated as follows: i. Sites were evaluated on a normalizing index (Ni) of range -10 to +10
Negative Indices were adopted for sites where densities were to be allowed on a conservative scale (i.e. for example places which are ecologically sensitive). Positive Indices were adopted for sites where densities were to be allowed at higher values than prevailing such as pilgrimage towns etc. ii. The values of the indices were evaluated based on a qualitative assessment with respect to the Physical Ecological indicators. The indicators that were assessed for the category wise tourist places are summarized in Table 5. Table 5: Physical and Ecological Indicators
Physical Ecological Indicators Biodiversity Air Quality Noise Pollution Availability of Power Water Waste Management Cultural heritage Tourist infrastructure Land Availability Quality of Transport Infrastructure Thematic Areas Coastal Area Islands Protected Areas Rural Areas Mountain Resorts Urban, Historic Pilgrimage Place
Source: Countries,E.(Dec,2001). Defining, Measuring and Evaluating Carrying Capacity in European Tourism Destinations.Athens. Normalizing Density () was calculated by multiplying a factor of 10pph by the Normalizing index. Normalizing Density () = 10* Ni (The value of 10pph was derived by establishing the boundary conditions of lower and upper sustainable densities for tourist towns of the relevant categories. To establish the lower limit, reference was made to the capacity norms cited by World Tourism Organization WTO (Inskeep, 1991). The upper limit was established by determining the densities for saturated tourist towns.)
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The Normalizing index (Ni) was evaluated as follows: Each of the applicable indicators for the corresponding thematic area (to which the tourist destination/circuits belong) were ranked on a scale of 0-10. The average of the indicators would give the value of the Normalizing index (Ni). Carrying Capacity Density (CCD) was calculated by summing up the Upper Limit of the relevant UDPFI density with the Normalizing Density. Carrying Capacity Density (CCD) = DUDPFI + Carrying Capacity (CC) was calculated by multiplying the carrying capacity density with the Area of the respective town in hectares. Carrying Capacity (CC) = CCD * Area of Town Available Capacity was finally evaluated by finding the difference between the Carrying Capacity of the tourist town and the Existing Load in the town. Available Capacity = Carrying Capacity (CC) - Existing Load (LEXISTING) Table 6: Social and Demographic Indicators
Social Demographic Indicators Demography Tourist Flows Social & Behavioral Aspects Health & Hygiene Safety Coastal Area Islands Thematic Areas Protected Rural Mountain Areas Areas Resorts Urban & Historic Pilgrimage Place
Source: Countries,E.(Dec,2001). Defining, Measuring and Evaluating Carrying Capacity in European Tourism Destinations.Athens. Table 7: Political Economic Indicators
Political Economic Indicators Tourism Earnings and Investment Employment Public Expenditure and Revenue Thematic Areas Coastal Area Islands Protected Rural Areas Mountain Areas Resorts Urban & Historic Pilgrimage Place
Source: Countries,E.(Dec,2001). Defining, Measuring and Evaluating Carrying Capacity in European Tourism Destinations.Athens.
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Table 8: Evaluation Criterion for Physical and Ecological Indicators

Physical Ecological Indicators Biodiversity Air Quality Noise Pollution Availability of Power Water Waste Management Cultural & Heritage Evaluation Criterion Threatened species, Protected areas as a % of territory and type of ecosystem Population exposure to air pollution - Sox & Nox emission intensities Sensitivity to noise pollutions. Allowable decibels limit if specified. Hours of regular power supply from all energy sources. Intensity of Use of water resources. Drinking water availability @135lpcd. Generation of waste, Movement of hazardous waste, Availability of waste management system Listed Buildings and scheduled ancient monuments at risk. No. of community heritage groups active. Cultural traditions and communities which are at a risk of getting extinct. Tourist infrastructure Availability of tourist infrastructure such as on site accommodation, wayside amenities, signages, restaurants, public convenience, petrol pumps etc.
Land Availability Area of Land available for tourism development. Quality of Transport Inter and Intra city transport connectivity in tourist towns. Availability of Last Mile Infrastructure connectivity.
Source: White V.,M. G. (2006). Indicators of Sustainibility and Sustainable Tourism: Some Example Sets. Aberdeen: The Macaulay Institute
4.5
Town wise Carrying Capacity Analysis
Table 9 shows the town wise carrying capacity assessment of the priority circuit. Table 9: Carrying Capacity Analysis of the Circuit
District
Chennai Kanchipuram
Tourist Town
Chennai Kanchipuram
Destinations Covered
Chennai City attractions Sriperumbudur, Kanchi Amman Temple Vellore Fort, Golden Temple, Elagiri Hills Arunachaleeshwar temple, Jawadhu Hills, Gingee fort Hogenekkal Falls Yercaud Hills Kolli Hills Sri Temple Rangam
Existing Load
Carrying Capacity 2010
Available Capacity
Estimated Load
Available Capacity
2020 -76705 72292 11801 117719 77751 409092 60612 1339165 5367409 274032 248829 275187 118122 1110530 143457 1005948 -843409 -4472 -28329 24013 44978 167670 743 1197552
4652705 197268 208699 181481 85349 869108 83588 864335
4576000 269560 220500 299200 163100 1278200 144200 2203500
Vellore Thiruvannam alai Dharmapuri Salem Nammakkal Trichy
Vellore Thiruvannamal ai Dharmapuri Salem Nammakkal Trichy
Estimates shows that, except Chennai, most other tourist cities in the circuit have potential for the development but in the coming years, some of the cities such as Kanchipuarm, Vellore etc will be
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saturated. Hence, they will require cautious interventions in terms of infrastructure development in order to cater the demand of increasing tourist as well as resident population.
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5. Existing Infrastructure Status in the Priority Circuit

A detailed assessment of tourism infrastructure between major points has been discussed in Tables (Table 10 to 37). Each of the destinations presented below has been rated on a scale of A, B or C, wherein, A denotes Very Good, B denotes Good, C denotes Fair and D denotes Poor and E Very Poor.
5.1
Chennai
a) Marina Beach Marina Beach is an urban beach in the city of Chennai, along the Bay of Bengal, part of the Indian Ocean. The beach runs from near Fort St. George in the north to Besant Nagar in the south, a distance of 13 km, making it the longest urban beach in the country and the world's second longest. It is the most crowded beach in the country and attracts about 30,000 visitors a day during weekdays and 50,000 visitors a day during the weekends and on holidays. During summer months, about 15,000 to 20,000 people visit the beach daily9. The Marina has gained its importance for its pristine beauty, jolly ambiance, and rich ecosystems. Existing Facilities: The beach is popular for its shops and food stalls run by about 500-odd vendors. In the year 2008, the Marina Beach has been renovated with improved landscaping, seating arrangements, walkways, ornamental fountains, exclusive parking lots for two- and four-wheelers, a children's play area, bus shelters, ramps for physically challenged, and food courts and lighting along the promenade, and architectural elements such as plazas, gazeboes, and pergolas all along the stretch. The whole length of the stretch has been divided into 14 harmonious landscaped galleries dotting its span, each with an element of drama attached to the design in the form of small theatre-type galleries where visitors can sit. Figure 7: Destinations in Chennai
www.wikipedia.org
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Marina Beach given its potential attraction point in Chennai needs further improvement and upgradation as outlined below: Beach is proposed to be litter free Solid waste management shall be the priority of the beach development It is proposed to augment basic tourist facilities at and along the beach which include Seating areas, etc Beach front area to be improved/ developed by enhancing its aesthetics and breaking the monotony of the long stretch of sand. Table 10: Infrastructure status/availability at Marina Beach
Enroute/Onsite On Site (Marina Beach) Parameters Land ownership of the Site City/Town Accommodation N.A Type Capacity Bed Occupancy Sufficiency (A-E) Drinking facility Water Availability (A-E) Quality(A-E) A-E Supply (AC, Gen) Sufficiency (A-E) Availability of Land for future parking Area of this land (approx) Available(Y/N) Quality (A-E) Availability (A-E) Sufficiency (A-E) Languages Sufficiency (A-E) Quality (A-E) Public Convenience Shops/ Kiosks Street Lighting
Source: Reconnaissance survey
Components
Rating
Available C B D D AC C Yes
Solid Waste Management Electricity Parking
Tourist Information Centers Trained Guides Information Signages Seating/ Resting
Y C C C Bilingual C C C C C C C
Availability (A-E) Sufficiency (A-E) Quality (A-E) Sufficiency (A-E) Quality (A-E)
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b) Santhome Cathedral The Santhome Cathedral associated with the apostle St. Thomas, is believed to have built in 52 AD to spread Christianity. In 1606 it was rebuilt as a cathedral and in 1896 it was made into a basilica. The church is a magnificent building built in Gothic style with beautiful stained glass windows portraying the stay of St. Thomas. The central hall has 14 wooden plaques depicting scenes from the last days of Christ. A three feet statue of Virgin Mary believed to have been brought from Portugal in 1541. In this basilica, a small hand bone of St. Thomas and the head of a lance are kept as sacred relics. Existing facilities: Santhome Cathedral Basilica located in the southern part of Marina beach. It is located at the end of Kuthchery Road in Mylapore and abuts the beach area. It is about 300 m from the beach road. The church needs upgradation in terms of aesthetics and provision of basic infrastructure facilities. Table 11: Infrastructure status/availability at Santhome Cathedral
Enroute/Onsite On Site (Santhome Cathedral) Parameters Land ownership of the Site City/Town Accommodation N.A Type Capacity Bed Occupancy Sufficiency (A-E) Drinking facility Water Availability (A-E) Quality(A-E) A-C Supply (AC, Gen) Sufficiency (A-C) Availability of Land for future parking Area of this land (approx) Available(Y/N) Quality (A-C) Availability (A-C) Sufficiency (A-C) Languages Sufficiency (A-C) Quality (A-C) Public Convenience Shops/ Kiosks Availability (A-C) Sufficiency (A-C) Quality (A-C) Available B C C E AC C No Components Rating
Y B B B Bilingual B B C C C
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Enroute/Onsite
Parameters Street Lighting
Components Sufficiency (A-C) Quality (A-C) C C
Rating
c) Kapaleeswarar Temple The temple was built in the 7th century by the ruling Pallavas. The architecture of the temple, however, appears to be 300400 years old. The scholarly view that accounts for the discrepancies is that the original temple was built on the shore at the location of the current Santhome Church but was destroyed by the Portuguese, and the current temple (which is 1-1.5 km from the shore) was built by the Vijayanagar kings during the 16th century. The temple's 120 ft gopuram (gateway tower) was built during 1906 with staccato figures adorning it. The Kapaleeshwarar temple is of
typical Dravidian
architectural style,with
the gopuram overpowering the street on which the temple sits. This temple is also a testimonial for the Vishwakarmas Sthapathis. There are two entrances to the temple marked by the gopuram on either side. The east gopuram is about 40 m high, while the smaller western gopuram faces the sacred tank. Existing facilities: Located within the city, the temple attracts a large no of visitors (Devotees/Tourists) and is one among the major attractions in the city. The approach to the temple is by a 40 narrow road with permanent commercial and semi commercial establishments lined up all along the streets. The temple area (outside the main premises) lacks provision of basic infrastructure facilities for the visitors which includes parking space, public convenience facilities etc. Parking is one of the major requirements at the temple premises. Due to non availability of off street parking space, cars/autos and two wheelers are parked all along the main road as well as the interior road leading to the temple. Table 12: Infrastructure status/availability at Kapaleeswarar Temple
Enroute/Onsite On Site (Kapaleeswarar Temple) Parameters Land ownership of the Site City/Town Accommodation N.A Type Capacity Bed Occupancy Sufficiency (A-E) Drinking Water Availability (A-E) Components Rating Endowments Department Available B E
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Enroute/Onsite
Parameters facility Solid Waste Management Electricity Parking A-C
Components Quality(A-E) E D AC D No
Rating
Supply (AC, Gen) Sufficiency (A-E) Availability of Land for future parking Area of this land (approx) Available(Y/N) Quality (A-E) Availability (A-E) Sufficiency (A-E) Languages Sufficiency (A-E) Quality (A-E) Availability (A-E) Sufficiency (A-E) Quality (A-E) Sufficiency (A-E) Quality (A-E)
Tourist Information Centers Trained Guides Information Signages Seating/ Resting Public Convenience Shops/ Kiosks Street Lighting
N D C C Local D D D D D C C
d) Elliot Beach (Besant Nagar) Elliot's Beach, located in Besant Nagar, forms the end-point of the Marina Beach shore and is named after Edward Elliot, Governor of Madras. Elliot's Beach is one of the cleanest beaches in the city of Chennai. It is located towards the south of Marina Beach and is an extremely calm and tranquil place. A prominent landmark on this beach is the Karl Schmidt Memorial, named after the Dutch sailor who lost his life in the process of saving a drowning swimmer. Elliot's Beach offers very subtle activity, with only few unorganized food joints and restaurants. Apart from the sandy beach, the place has some tourist attractions such as Ashtalakshmi temple and the 20 years old Velanganni Church set in the vicinity of the Beach. Existing facilities: Elliot beach, also called as Besant nagar beach is another beach in Chennai city limits forms the end point of Marina beach front. The beach is a prominent hang-out zone for most of the college-going crowd in Chennai. Parking is done on street along the beach road causing traffic congestion and jam along the main road. Proposed to identify and designate parking area near the beach Solid waste management Proposed to develop the main road with pathways and pocket landscaping all along the stretch. 29 | P a g e
Temporary shacks (shops) line up the approach to the beach creating inconvenience to the tourists/visitors to the beach. It is proposed to provide/designate a area to accommodate these temporary shacks. Table 13: Infrastructure status/availability at Elliot Beach
Enroute/Onsite On Site Beach) (Elliot Parameters Land ownership of the Site City/Town Accommodation N.A Type Capacity Bed Occupancy Sufficiency (A-E) Drinking facility Water Availability (A-E) Quality(A-E) A-E Supply (AC, Gen) Sufficiency (A-E) Availability of Land for future parking Area of this land (approx) Available(Y/N) Quality (A-E) Availability (A-E) Sufficiency (A-E) Languages Sufficiency (A-E) Quality (A-E) Public Convenience Shops/ Kiosks Street Lighting
Components NA Available B D D D AC C No
Rating
N D C C Bilingual C C C C D C C
e) Pulicate Lake Pulicat Lake, the second is largest brackish formed by the
water lake or lagoon in India,
confluence of Backwaters. The lake straddles the border of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu states on the Coromandal Coast in South India. A catamaran ride on the shallow water spread and a visit to Bird
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Sanctuary are leisure activities to be undertaken here. A Dutch Cemetery of 17th century is located on shore. The large spindle-shaped barrier island named Sriharikota separates the lake from the Bay of Bengal. The Satish Dhawan Space Centre, located on the north end of the island is the launch site of India's successful first lunar space mission. The bird sanctuary is most noted for the many Greater Flamingos seen here. The biodiversity of this lake attracts hundreds of thousands of visitors per year Existing facilities: Pulicat Lake is the second largest brackish water lake or lagoon in India. It straddles the border of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu states on the Coromandal Coast in South India. Outline of the existing situation and infrastructure availability is given below: The approach to the lake is by a 40 village road which is lined up with on street parking on either side. Solid waste management is very poor and needs immediate focus to improve the locality Boating in the lake is by private and the locals thus compromising Safety of tourist at and surrounding the lake. It shall be proposed to develop boating facility at the lake by the government and may be operated by TTDC. The lake front lacks basic infrastructure facilities such as public convenience facilities and rest areas. Table 14: Infrastructure status/availability at Pulicat Lake
Enroute/Onsite On Site (Pulicat Lake) Parameters Land ownership of the Site City/Town Accommodation N.A Type Capacity Bed Occupancy Sufficiency (A-E) Drinking facility Water Availability (A-E) Quality(A-E) A-E Supply (AC, Gen) Sufficiency (A-E) Availability of Land for future parking Area of this land (approx) Available(Y/N) Quality (A-E) Availability (A-E) Sufficiency (A-E) Languages Sufficiency (A-E) Quality (A-E) Public Convenience Availability (A-E) Components NA Not available D D D AC D No N E E Local E E C Rating
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Enroute/Onsite
Parameters Shops/ Kiosks Street Lighting
Components Sufficiency (A-E) Quality (A-E) Sufficiency (A-E) Quality (A-E) D D E E
Rating
5.2
Chennai - Kancheepuram
Figure 8: Destinations between Chennai and Kancheepuram
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Table 15: Infrastructure status/availability between Chennai-Kancheepuram

Enroute/Onsite Enroute Parameters Distance in km Approach Road 72 kms Quality (A-E) Type of Road (metalled, unmetalled) Typology (NH/SH/ MDR) Lanes Transport Riding Quality (A-E) Modes Used by tourists B Metalled - A NH-4 4 Lane A Road and rail. Sufficient infrastructure is available including State Transport buses C Components Rating
(more specific to transport access to tourist destinations from various parts of city) Wayside Amenities
Availability (A-E)
Restaurants availability Petrol Pump/ Service Centre availability Public Convenience availability Sufficiency (A-E) Languages
B B B B Bilingual
Direction Signages (Inside the city to directing the tourist destinations)
a) Kamakshi Amman Temple Kamakshi Amman Temple is located in the historic city Kanchipuram, near Chennai. It is situated in about 5 acres of land. It is interesting to note that the main deity is seated in a majestic Padmasana posture, a yogic posture signifying peace and prosperity. There is also a temple tank inside the premises. Kamakshi temple has a close relation with the Sri Kanchi Kamakoti Peetam and its successive Sankarcharyas. The temple has a gallery of
Adisankarcharya's Life history inside the temple premises itself. Goddess Kamakshi is the main deity and the temple is one of the fifty one Shakti peetas. The temple also has a golden Gopuram on the sanctorum of the Goddess Kamakshi deity which is visible to all devotees.
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Existing facilities: Kanchipuram is one of the seven sacred cities in India. The city is most famous for its silk production and old temples and attracts tourist and foreigners in plenty due to its rich culture and heritage. Kamakshi temple located within the kanchipuram city is known for its religious importance and attracts number of tourists from India and abroad. The temple currently being managed by Endowments departments has required facilities for the tourists within the complex. However, the premises outside the temple need improvement with respect to improving the aesthetics and creation of basic infrastructure facilities. It is proposed to designate parking area outside the temple and create shade to the pathways which are already in place. Ornamental lighting along the approach street shall be an added attraction to the tourists. Table 16: Infrastructure status/availability at Kamakshi Amman Temple
Enroute/Onsite On Site (Kamakshi Amman Temple) Parameters Land ownership of the Site City/Town Accommodation N.A Type Capacity Bed Occupancy Sufficiency (A-E) Drinking facility Water Availability (A-E) Quality(A-E) A-E Supply (AC, Gen) Sufficiency (A-E) Availability of Land for future parking Area of this land (approx) Available(Y/N) Quality (A-E) Availability (A-E) Sufficiency (A-E) Languages Sufficiency (A-E) Quality (A-E) Public Convenience Shops/ Kiosks Street Lighting
Components
Rating Endowments Department Available Dormitories/2-3 star categories
C C C D C D Yes Y C C C Bilingual D E D C C C C
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b) Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Rajiv Gandhi Memorial, located at Sripermbudur about 42 kms from Chennai, is constructed in the memory of Late Indian Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi, in the year of 1991. The building of Rajiv Gandhi Memorial in Chennai illustrates the reverence of the Rajiv Gandhi being a great leader of India. The Memorial, constructed in an area of about 12 acres of land, is the famous tourist attraction in the state of Tamil Nadu. Rajiv Gandhi Memorial has seven monumental round shaped pillars made with granite stones, on which quotations of Shr. Rajiv Gandhi are inscribed. These pillars represent the Satya Dharma, Vigyan, Nyaya, Shanti and Tyaga Concepts. Table 17: Infrastructure status/availability at Rajiv Gandhi Memorial
Enroute/Onsite On Site (Rajiv Gandhi Memorial) Parameters Land ownership of the Site City/Town Accommodation N.A Type Capacity Bed Occupancy Sufficiency (A-E) Drinking facility Water Availability (A-E) Quality(A-E) A-E Supply (AC, Gen) Sufficiency (A-E) Availability of Land for future parking Area of this land (approx) Available(Y/N) Quality (A-E) Availability (A-E) Sufficiency (A-E) Languages Sufficiency (A-E) Quality (A-E) Public Convenience Shops/ Kiosks Street Lighting
Components
Rating Not Applicable (within the city) Not Available C C C C C D Y NA B B Bilingual C D C C D C C
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c) Ramanujar Temple Ramanujar temple is one of ancient, prehistoric temples in India situated at Sriperumbudur, Kanchipuram district which is nearly 55kms away from Metropolitan City Chennai. Sriperumbudur is the birth place of famous Vaishnavist, Sri Ramanujar. Ramanujar is one of the famous devotee of Lord Vishnu and he given his life to spread Vaishnavam on behalf of Lord Vishnu. Ramanujar temple has a very tallest Rajagopuram with Adhikesava Perumal and Yethirajavalli Thayar. Both Mulavar and Urchaver are present in the same place. Sri Ramanujar's Vigraha (Divine Idol made of 5 metals including gold, silver, bronze, copper and iron) was installed in this temple when His Holiness was alive. The temple has a golden Vimanam in which Ramanuja's image was engraved. This is the first temple in south India which erected golden Vimanam. Existing facilities: Ramanujar Temple Birth Place of Ramanujar is located in Sriperumbudur. The temple premises presently under Endowments department lacks basic facilities for the devotees/tourists as mentioned below Area in front of the temple Approach is not paved. Approach road to be strengthened and upgraded Seating and shaded pathways to the temple need to be provided. Other basic facilities include rest rooms and public convenience facilities in the vicinity of the temple Pushkarni Water tank needs upgradation Table 18: Infrastructure status/availability at Ramanujar Temple
Enroute/Onsite On Site (Ramanujar Temple) Parameters Land ownership of the Site City/Town Accommodation N.A Type Capacity Bed Occupancy Sufficiency (A-E) Drinking facility Water Availability (A-E) Quality(A-E) A-E Supply (AC, Gen) Sufficiency (A-E) Availability of Land for future parking Area of this land (approx) Available(Y/N) Quality (A-E) Availability (A-E) Sufficiency (A-E) Components Rating Endowments land NA NA NA NA C C D C C Not within the premises 2-3 Acres N NA Not Available D
Tourist Information Centers Trained Guides Information
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Enroute/Onsite
Parameters Signages Seating/ Resting Public Convenience Shops/ Kiosks Street Lighting
Components Languages Sufficiency (A-E) Quality (A-E) Availability (A-E) Sufficiency (A-E) Quality (A-E) Sufficiency (A-E) Quality (A-E)
Rating Local Language Not Available D D D C C
5.3
Kancheepuram-Vellore
Table 19: Infrastructure status/availability between Kancheepuram-Vellore
Parameters Distance in km Approach Road 70 kms Quality (A-E) Type of Road (metalled, unmetalled) Typology (NH/SH/ MDR) Lanes Riding Quality (A-E) Transport (more specific to transport access to tourist destinations from various parts of city) Wayside Amenities Modes Used by tourists Availability (A-E) B Metalled NH 4 and NH-46 4 - Lane A Bus, Train and Four wheelers B Components Rating
Enroute/Onsite Enroute
C C C C Local language
a) Vellore Fort Vellore Fort built in the16th century, belongs to Vijayanagar period. It was built of granite blocks with a moat watered from a subterranean drain fed by a tank and stands preserved in good condition even today. It was built by Chinna Bomminayaka, a chieftain of the Vijayanagar emperors, Sadasivaraya and Srirangaraya. The 37 | P a g e
fort resembles the Windsor Castle of South India and the only one of its kind. Even before the first war of Indian Independence in 1857, a revolt against the British broke out here in 1806 which is in fact the Harbinger of the 1857 Sepoy Mutiny. Various public buildings and private offices including the police training centre and a prison are inside the fort. The Tipu Mahal and Hyder Mahal are the palaces which are also located inside the Vellore Fort. Table 20: Infrastructure status/availability at Vellore Fort
Enroute/Onsite On Site (Vellore Fort, Tippu Mahal) Parameters Land ownership of the Site City/Town Accommodation N.A Type Capacity Bed Occupancy Sufficiency (A-E) Drinking facility Water Availability (A-E) Quality(A-E) A-C Supply (AC, Gen) Sufficiency (A-E) Availability of Land for future parking Area of this land (approx) Available(Y/N) Quality (A-E) Availability (A-E) Sufficiency (A-E) Languages Sufficiency (A-E) Quality (A-E) Public Convenience Shops/ Kiosks Street Lighting
Components
Rating Under Archaeology Department Available C D D D AC C Yes
Y C C D Local Language D D C C C D D
b) Golden Temple Sripuram Golden Temple is the largest Golden temple in the world. It is a spiritual park situated at the foot of a small range of green hills in a place known as "Malaikodi" in the city of Vellore in Tamil Nadu. The salient feature of Sripuram is the Lakshmi Narayani temple or Mahalakshmi temple whose 'Vimanam and Ardha Mandapam have been coated with gold both in the interior and exterior. The temple comprises of intricate carvings and sculptures in gold. The lighting is arranged in such a way
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that the temple glitters even during the night. Sripuram design represents a star-shaped path (Sri chakra), positioned amidst of 100 acres of lushgreen landscape, with a length of over 1.8 km. Existing facilities: Vellore fort under Archaeology department currently houses number of government offices which include Police station, Police training Camp, Sub registrar office, Forest Department etc. The fort has lost its significance as heritage structure due to these existing offices resulting in vehicular and general public traffic within the fort complex. There are no attractions in the complex except for the government museum that houses the remains of the Tippu Sultan and the Britishers and a Temple. It is imperative to thus restore the fort and create additional possible attractions within the complex. The fort area also lacks basic facilities for the tourists and visitors like drinking water and other public conveniences. Table 21: Infrastructure status/availability at Golden Temple
Enroute/Onsite On Site (Golden Temple) Parameters Land ownership of the Site City/Town Accommodation N.A Type Capacity Bed Occupancy Sufficiency (A-E) Drinking facility Water Availability (A-E) Quality(A-E) A-E Supply (AC, Gen) Sufficiency (A-E) Availability of Land for future parking Area of this land (approx) Available(Y/N) Quality (A-E) Availability (A-E) Sufficiency (A-E) Languages Sufficiency (A-E) Quality (A-E) Public Convenience Shops/ Kiosks Availability (A-E) Sufficiency (A-E) Available C B B D AC B Yes Components Rating
Y C D Not available Local Not available C C
39 | P a g e
Enroute/Onsite
Parameters Street Lighting
Components Quality (A-C) Sufficiency (A-C) Quality (A-C) C C C
Rating
5.4
Vellore Yelagiri
Figure 9: Destinations between Vellore and Yelagiri Table 22: Infrastructure status/availability between Vellore-Yelagiri
Enroute/Onsite Enroute Parameters Distance in km Approach Road 90 kms Quality (A-E) Type of Road (metalled, unmetalled) Typology (NH/SH/ MDR) Lanes Riding Quality (A-E) Transport (more specific to transport access to tourist destinations from various parts of city) Wayside Amenities Modes Used by tourists Availability (A-E) B Metalled NH-46 4 B Bus, Car B Components Rating
Restaurants availability Petrol Pump/ Service Centre availability
C C
40 | P a g e
Enroute/Onsite
Parameters
Components Public Convenience availability Sufficiency (A-E) Languages C
Rating
C Local - Tamil
a) Yelagiri Hills Yelagiri or Elagiri is a small hill station located in between the towns of Vaniyambadi and Jolarpettai in Tamil Nadu. It is located on to the West of Vellore, in the Eastern Ghats at an elevation of 1000 metres. It is an isolated attractive picnic spot, popularly known as poor mans Ooty. A salubrious climate, beautiful sceneries and a temple of Lord Muruga attract visitors. The hill station, located at a height of 1048 meters above sea level, dates back to the British colonial days. The Yelagiri hill station is not as developed as the other hill stations in Tamil Nadu . However, the district administration has now taken up the task of developing Yelagiri Hills into a tourist destination by promoting the adventure sports such as paragliding and rock climbing. Yelagiri is one of the famous places for trekkers in India. The highest point in Yelgiri is the Swamimalai Hill, standing tall at 4,338 ft; Swamimalai is a popular destination for trekkers. Existing facilities: The roadway to Yelagiri is finely constructed and well punctuated with the milestones and signboards all way through. Petrol pumps are sufficient enough. Yelagiri hills are in developing stage as a tourist destination andl lacks attractions for tourists. Yelagiri may be developed as an eco tourism detination given its natural setting. Table 23: Infrastructure status/availability at Yelagiri Hills
Enroute/Onsite On Site (Yelagiri Hills) Parameters Land ownership of the Site City/Town Accommodation Components N.A Type Capacity Bed Occupancy Sufficiency (A-E) Availability (A-E) Quality(A-E) A-E Supply (AC, Gen) Resorts, TTDC Accomodation C C C C AC Rating
Drinking facility Solid Management Electricity
Water Waste
41 | P a g e
Enroute/Onsite
Parameters Parking
Components Sufficiency (A-E) Availability of Land for future parking Area of this land (approx) Available(Y/N) Quality (A-E) Availability (A-E) Sufficiency (A-E) Languages Sufficiency (A-E) Quality (A-E) Availability (A-E) Sufficiency (A-E) Quality (A-E) Sufficiency (A-E) Quality (A-E)
Rating C Yes
5.5
Vellore to Thiruvannamalai
Figure 10: Destinations between Vellore and Thiruvannamalai 42 | P a g e
Table 24: Infrastructure status/availability between Vellore - Thiruvanamalai

Enroute/Onsite Enroute Parameters Distance in km Approach Road Components 85 kms Quality (A-E) Type of Road (metalled, unmetalled) Typology (NH/SH/ MDR) Lanes Riding Quality (A-E) Transport (more specific to transport access to tourist destinations from various parts of city) Wayside Amenities Modes Used by tourists Availability (A-E) C Metalled NH 234 2 lane B Bus, and Four wheelers C Rating
D D D C Local language
a) Renugambal Temple Renugambal temple located in Padavedu village is one of the most important Sakthi Sthalas in Thondainadu. Goddess Renugambal is self-manifested in this place and is offering her blessings along with Brahma, Vishnu and Lord Siva. A number of sages performed penance and attained salvation in this place. The existence of Banalingam and Nanakarshna Chakra consecrated by Adi Sankarar is the specialty of this place. Existing facilities: The temple complex is being developed by TVS group currently. Infrastructure upgradation at the temple is in progress. Table 25: Infrastructure status/availability at Renugambal Temple
Enroute/Onsite On Site (Renugambal Temple) Parameters Land ownership of the Site City/Town Accommodation N.A Type Capacity Bed Occupancy Sufficiency (A-E) Drinking facility Water Availability (A-E) Quality(A-E) A-E Endowments Department Not Available D D D Components Rating
Solid Waste Management
43 | P a g e
Enroute/Onsite
Parameters Electricity Parking
Components Supply (AC, Gen) Sufficiency (A-C) Availability of Land for future parking Area of this land (approx) Available(Y/N) Quality (A-E) Availability (A-E) Sufficiency (A-E) Languages Sufficiency (A-E) Quality (A-E) Availability (A-E) Sufficiency (A-E) Quality (A-E) Sufficiency (A-E) Quality (A-E) Y C C D D AC C Yes
Rating
Local Language D D C C C D
b) Jawadhu Hills (lake, Water Falls, Forest) Jawadhu Hills, situated 75 kms from Tiruvannamalai, is in the northwestern part of Tiruvannamalai, and a part of the Eastern Ghats. This beautiful mountain lies at about 2350 feet to 3500 feet above sea level, with many scenic spots. The cliffs and precipices of hills allure and excite tourists. The other main attractions in the Jawadhu hills are Beema Falls, Komutteri Lake, Kavalur Observatory, Amirthi Forest, and the Glass House. Existing facilities: A hill station in Thiruvannamalai district, Jawadhu hills is a developing tourist destination. There is only one approach road to the hills from Thiruvannamalai and is a single road in a very poor condition. Approach road to the hills need to be widened and strengthened. Create public amenities along the road Public convenience facilities Street lighting and High mast lamp posts
44 | P a g e
Table 26: Infrastructure status/availability at Jawadhu Hills

Enroute/Onsite On Site (Jawadhu Hills) Parameters Land ownership of the Site City/Town Accommodation N.A Type Capacity Bed Occupancy Sufficiency (A-E) Drinking facility Water Availability (A-E) Quality(A-E) A-E Supply (AC, Gen) Sufficiency (A-E) Availability of Land for future parking Area of this land (approx) Available(Y/N) Quality (A-E) Availability (A-E) Sufficiency (A-E) Languages Sufficiency (A-E) Quality (A-E) Public Convenience Shops/ Kiosks Street Lighting
Components
Rating
Not Available B B C AC C Yes
c) Arunachaleshwaram Temple Arunachaleswara Temple, spread over 24 acres, is the largest Siva temple in India. The temple is about 2000 years old, with the gopurums (towers) and stone structure dating back 1200 years. The temple is one of the "Panch Boodha Sthalams" and it is "Agni" Sthalam. The structure of the temple was well planned with seven prakaras and Nine great Towers (five small gopurams on the inner boundary and four big gopurams on the outer boundary). The Eastern tower was built by the King Krishnadevaraya in the Fifteenth Century. This tower is 45 | P a g e
called 'Raja Gopuram' and it is the second largest tower in India. It has two big tanks, one as 'Brahma Theertam' and 'Siva Ganga Theertam'. The temple also has the 'Thousand Pillar Mantapam'. Existing facilities: In view of the number of tourists and the devotees visiting this temple and the city every month, infrastructure facilities for the public need to be improved. The main entrance area of the temple is preoccupied with number of commercial establishments and petty shops making it difficult for free pedestrian movement. Focusing on this aspect of creating free movement to pedestrian, the following are proposed Relocating petty shops in front of the main temple to the sides or allocating place for these establishments Renovate pathways and provide shades at appropriate places for devotees going around the temple complex Lighting and Landscape at the approach road to the temple Table 27: Infrastructure status/availability at Arunachaleswaram Temple
Enroute/Onsite On Site (Arunachaleswaram Temple) Parameters Land ownership of the Site City/Town Accommodation N.A Type Capacity Bed Occupancy Sufficiency (A-E) Drinking facility Water Availability (A-E) Quality(A-E) A-E Supply (AC, Gen) Sufficiency (A-E) Availability of Land for future parking Area of this land (approx) Available(Y/N) Quality (A-E) Availability (A-E) Sufficiency (A-E) Languages Sufficiency (A-E) Quality (A-E) Public Convenience Shops/ Kiosks Street Lighting
Components
Rating Endowments Department Dormitories, Budget hotels C C C D AC C Yes
Y C C C Bilingual D D D C C C C
46 | P a g e
5.6
Thiruvannamalai Gingee
Table 28: Infrastructure status/availability between Thiruvanamalai-Gingee
Parameters Distance in km Approach Road 40 kms Quality (A-E) Type of Road (metalled, unmetalled) Typology (NH/SH/ MDR) Lanes Riding Quality (A-E) Transport (more specific to transport access to tourist destinations from various parts of city) Wayside Amenities Modes Used by tourists Availability (A-E) C Metalled NH 66 2 lane C Bus, and Four wheelers C Components Rating
D C D C Local language
a) Gingee Fort Gingee Fort (Senchikkottai) is about 150 km away from Chennai towards Thiruvannamalai. This fort was a stronghold of the Cholas during the 9th century. The Vijayanagar kings later fortified and made it an impregnable citadel. The Gingee Fort complex is on three hillocks - Krishnagiri, Chakkilidrug and Rajagiri hills, with each hill comprising a separate and self-contained fort. This citadel contains many important buildings apart from the living quarters of the royalty, The fortifications contain a sacred pond known as Aanaikulam.. About 4 km from Gingee, there is a temple at Singavaram, a good specimen of rock-cut-shrine. The reclining Vishnu measures about 24 carved out of a single rock. Shatru Malleswaralayam at Thalavanur, 16 km from Gingee, is a rock cut temple built by the Mahendra Varma Pallava (580-630 AD). Built by Mahendra Varma, the Mandagapattu temple, 20 km from Gingee, presents a good example for the Dravidian Temple Architecture.
47 | P a g e
Table 29: Infrastructure status/availability at Gingee Fort

Enroute/Onsite On Site (Gingee Fort Parameters Land ownership of the Site City/Town Accommodation N.A Type Capacity Bed Occupancy Sufficiency (A-E) Drinking facility Water Availability (A-E) Quality(A-E) A-E Supply (AC, Gen) Sufficiency (A-E) Availability of Land for future parking Area of this land (approx) Available(Y/N) Quality (A-E) Availability (A-E) Sufficiency (A-E) Languages Sufficiency (A-E) Quality (A-E) Public Convenience Shops/ Kiosks Street Lighting
Components
Rating Archaeology Department Budget Hotels C C C D AC C No
Y D D D Bilingual C C D D D D D
5.7
Thiruvannamalai Dharmapuri
Figure 11: Destinations between Thiruvannamalai and Dharmapuri 48 | P a g e
Table 30: Infrastructure status/availability between Thiruvanamalai-Dharmapuri

Enroute/Onsite Enroute Parameters Distance in km Approach Road Components 120 kms Quality (A-E) Type of Road (metalled, unmetalled) Typology (NH/SH/ MDR) Lanes Riding Quality (A-E) Transport (more specific to transport access to tourist destinations from various parts of city) Wayside Amenities Modes Used by tourists Availability (A-E) D Metalled (Road in very poor condition) NH 66 2 lane A Bus, and Four wheelers C Rating
D D D C Local language
a) Hogenakkal Falls Hogenakkal Falls is located in the Dharmapuri district of the southern Indian state of Tamil Nadu, about 180 km from Bangalore and 46 km from Dharmapuri town. It is sometimes referred to as the "Niagara of India. Hogenakkal waterfall is a beautiful picnic spot with its waters supposed to be having curative powers. Before reaching Hogenakkal, the kaveri river flows through a thick, green wood which contains herbs that are traditionally believed to enhance health. Boating in Hogenakkal is allowed during the dry-season as the water falls are not strong enough to disrupt the passage of the boats. The area is surrounded by hills and offers lovely panoramic view. With its fame for medicinal baths and hide boat rides, it is a major site of tourist attraction. Carbonatite rocks in this site are considered to be the oldest of its kind in South Asia and one of the oldest in the world. This is also the site of a proposed project to generate drinking water.
49 | P a g e
Existing facilities: Infrastructure at the falls is well developed with adequate facilities for the tourists. New attractions may be developed at the location to enable the tourist to prolong their stay at Hogenekkal. Table 31: Infrastructure status/availability at Hogenakkal Water Falls
Enroute/Onsite On Site (Hogenakkal Water Falls) Parameters Land ownership of the Site City/Town Accommodation N.A Type Capacity Bed Occupancy Sufficiency (A-E) Drinking facility Solid Management Electricity Parking Water Waste Availability (A-E) Quality(A-E) A-E Supply (AC, Gen) Sufficiency (A-E) Availability of Land for future parking Area of this land (approx) Available(Y/N) Quality (A-E) Availability (A-E) Sufficiency (A-E) Languages Sufficiency (A-E) Quality (A-E) Public Convenience Shops/ Kiosks Street Lighting Availability (A-E) Sufficiency (A-E) Quality (A-E) Sufficiency (A-E) Quality (A-E)
Components
Rating
Available (Budget Hotels) C C C D AC C Yes
Y C C D Local Language C C C C C C C
50 | P a g e
5.8
Dharmapuri - Salem
Figure 12: Destinations between Dharampuri and Salem
51 | P a g e
Table 32: Infrastructure status/availability between Dharmapuri - Salem

Enroute/Onsite Enroute Parameters Distance in km Approach Road 65 kms Quality (A-E) Type of Road (metalled, unmetalled) Typology (NH/SH/ MDR) Lanes Riding Quality (A-E) Transport (more specific to transport access to tourist destinations from various parts of city) Wayside Amenities Modes Used by tourists Availability (A-E) B Metalled NH 07 4 lane B Bus, and Four wheelers B Components Rating
C C C C Bilingual
a) Yercaud Hills An unassuming hill station, approximately 30 km from Salem is Yercaud. It is situated at an altitude of 1515 metres (4970 ft) above sea level with the highest point being Servarayan temple, at 5,326 feet (1,623 m). It is so named owing to the abundance of trees categorised as a forest near the lake. As a popular tourist destination, Yercaud is also called as Jewel of the South. Yarcaud is connected to city of Salem, Tamil Nadu through Highway of 8 km. Coffee and citrus fruits, most notably oranges, are grown in abundance apart from bananas, pears and jackfruit. Scenically, Yercaud is as enchanting and picturesque as the hill stations on the Western ghats and trekking here is one of the most pleasurable ways to pass time. Nestled among the Shevaroy Hills of the Eastern Ghats, places that can be visited are the Lake, Lady's Seat, Killiyur Falls, Arthurs Seat, and the Shevaroyan temple. Existing facilities: A hill station is situated at distance of ~ 30 km from Salem town. Approach road to the hill station is a 2 lane well develop 52 | P a g e
road with views points located at different places. Yarcaud has number of hotels and resorts catering to the tourists. Main attractions include the lake, park and highest point. It is understood from the tourist during consultation that the hill station has few attractions apart from the lake. It is proposed to develop more attractions (in eco tourism concept) to entertain the tourist. Table 33: Infrastructure status/availability at Yercaud Hills
Enroute/Onsite On Site (Yercaud Hills) Parameters Land ownership of the Site City/Town Accommodation N.A Type Capacity Bed Occupancy Sufficiency (A-E) Drinking facility Water Availability (A-E) Quality(A-E) A-E Supply (AC, Gen) Sufficiency (A-E) Availability of Land for future parking Area of this land (approx) Available(Y/N) Quality (A-E) Availability (A-E) Sufficiency (A-E) Languages Sufficiency (A-E) Quality (A-E) Public Convenience Shops/ Kiosks Street Lighting
Components
Rating
Available Resorts C C C C AC C Yes
(Budget
Hotels),
53 | P a g e
5.9
Salem - Namakkal
Table 34: Infrastructure status/availability between Salem Namakkal
Parameters Distance in km Approach Road 90 kms
Components Quality (A-E) Type of Road (metalled, unmetalled) Typology (NH/SH/ MDR) Lanes Riding Quality (A-E) B Metalled NH 07 4 lane B
Rating
Transport (more specific to transport access to tourist destinations from various parts of city) Wayside Amenities
Modes Used by tourists Availability (A-E)
Bus, and Four wheelers B
C C C C Bilingual
a) Kolli Hills Kolli Hills is a small mountain range located in central Tamil Nadu in Namakkal district. The mountains are about 1000 to 1300 m in height and cover an area of approximately 280 km. The Kolli Hills has 70 hair pin bends to reach the top of the hills. The Kolli Hills are part of the Eastern Ghats, which is a mountain range that runs mostly parallel to the east coast of South India. The mountains are relatively untouched by commercial tourism and still retain their natural beauty. Apart from its historical significance, the mountains are covered with evergreen forests and farms which produces coffee, tea, jackfruit,
pineapple, black pepper and other spices. The mountain is a site of pilgrimage, because of the Arapaleeswarar temple, which is believed to have a secret path to the Shiva temple in Rasipuram. Two viewpoints one at Seekuparai and another at Selur Nadu are developed by the tourism department to encourage tourism. 54 | P a g e
Existing facilities: Kolli hills are another developing hill station and lacks basic infrastructure facilities required for the tourist. Facilities that need to be developed/upgraded in clued, rest rooms/accommodation, public convenience facilities, etc. The existing botanical garden needs renovation. Upgradation and renovation of boat houses with latest modern facilities and technologies is also required Table 35: Infrastructure status/availability at Kolli Hills
Enroute/Onsite On Site Hills) (Kolli Parameters Land ownership of the Site City/Town Accommodation N.A Type Capacity Bed Occupancy Sufficiency (A-E) Drinking facility Water Availability (A-E) Quality(A-E) A-E Supply (AC, Gen) Sufficiency (A-E) Availability of Land for future parking Area of this land (approx) Available(Y/N) Quality (A-E) Availability (A-E) Sufficiency (A-E) Languages Sufficiency (A-E) Quality (A-E) Public Convenience Shops/ Kiosks Street Lighting
Components
Rating
Available Resorts C C C C AC C Yes Y C C C Bilingual C C C C C C C
(Budget
Hotels),
55 | P a g e
5.10 Namakkal Trichy
Figure 13: Destinations between Namakkal and Trichy Table 36: Infrastructure status/availability between Namakkal (Kolli Hills) Trichy (Srirangam Temple)
Enroute/Onsite Enroute Parameters Distance in km Approach Road Components 140 kms Quality (A-E) Type of Road (metalled, unmetalled) Typology (NH/SH/ MDR) Lanes Riding Quality (A-E) Transport (more specific to transport access to tourist destinations from various parts of city) Wayside Amenities Modes Used by tourists Availability (A-E) B Metalled SH 25 2 lane B (Some Stretches are in poor condition ) Bus, and Four wheelers C Rating
Restaurants availability
56 | P a g e
Enroute/Onsite
Parameters
Components Petrol Pump/ Service Centre availability Public Convenience availability Sufficiency (A-E) Languages C E D Bilingual
Rating
a) Srirangam Temple Srirangam, the most important Vaishnavite pilgrim centre, surrounded by the waters of river Cauvery and its branch Kollidam, is an island town of about 600 acres, enclosed within the seven walls of Sri Ranganatha temple, 7 km away from Trichy. These walls are formed by thick and huge rampart walls which run round the sanctum. Srirangam ranks first among the 108 Divya Deshams and foremost amongst the eight self-created or Swayam Vyaktha Kshetras. Its
Rajagopuram, one of the 21 gopurams is nearly six centuries old. This is the tallest temple tower in Asia, a very imposing structure displaying craftsmanship. The temple complex is 156 acres in extent. Existing facilities: Yathri/ Car route around the temple to be paved. Landscaping and lighting around the temple premises Provision of basic infrastructure facilities to the Yathris and Tourists Table 37: Infrastructure status/availability at Srirangam Temple
Enroute/Onsite On Site (Srirangam Temple) Parameters Land ownership of the Site City/Town Accommodation N.A Type Capacity Bed Occupancy Sufficiency (A-E) Drinking facility Water Availability (A-E) Quality(A-E) A-E Supply (AC, Gen) Sufficiency (A-E) Components Rating Endowments Department Available (Budget Hotels), Resorts C C C D AC C
57 | P a g e
Enroute/Onsite
Parameters
Components Availability of Land for future parking Area of this land (approx) Yes
Rating
Available(Y/N) Quality (A-E) Availability (A-E) Sufficiency (A-E) Languages Sufficiency (A-E) Quality (A-E) Availability (A-E) Sufficiency (A-E) Quality (A-E) Sufficiency (A-E) Quality (A-E)
5.11 SWOT Analysis of the Circuit
As per the tourist arrival data there has been an increase in the occupancy rate of hotels with increase in number of tourists across the state over the past few years which is due to o o o Increase in tourism sponsorship Change in peoples attitude Improvement in economic condition of the people
The selected Circuit has multifarious tourist attractions - religious centres, spiritual retreats, beaches, hill stations, waterfalls, wildlife, art, culture, architecture, crafts, heritage, monuments, etc. which enchant tourists. The circuit attracts both domestic and foreign tourists. Major destinations in the circuit are in close proximity to urban centres Well connected by Road and Rail Existing religious centres and spiritual retreats in the circuit already attracts good number of tourists Beaches, hill stations and waterfalls in the circuit offers good panoramic views to the tourists.
The bottlenecks in this circuit could be o Travel time from nearby urban areas is reasonably high due to road condition. o Lack of adequate marketing and promotion of the heritage and pilgrim structures 58 | P a g e
o o o
Lack of adequately trained guides and information on the monuments is an issue raised by tourists. Lack of quality way side amenities and public conveniences on the way to the major tourism destinations. Water Supply and sanitation
Lack of availability of land for tourism infrastructure development
The market research suggests that there has been change in the perception of the tourists over the past five years or so as regards availing the tours and travel services offered by the tour operators and travel agencies including the package tours offered by the concerned tourism departments i.e. ITDC and TTDC. Proactive efforts are being continued to make Tamil Nadu the most preferred destination in India. Has the potential of becoming a mega tourist circuit because of the diverse tourist attractions Will provide employment to a large number of local people living around the tourism destination During the survey , For the reason that hoteliers are the local people and are familiar with the situation on ground as regards the availability of facilities, infrastructure etc., a question to this effect was put to them, it is suggested that the following things shall help attract more tourists o o o o Improved infrastructure Improved accommodation Amusement facilities/attractions Sports/activity based attractions
Poor connectivity and lack of adequate infrastructure facilities to the tourism destinations. This is considered as a major issue by the tourists visiting the destinations. It is very much essential to create more attractions in and around the destinations to attract more tourists and also prolong the stay of the tourist
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6. Projects Identification, Block Cost Estimate, Implementation and Funding

Table 38 provides the list of projects and products identified at all the destinations in Tamil Nadu Circuit Table 38: Project Identification, Block Cost Estimates, Implementing Agency and Funding
S.No. Stretch/ Destination Marina beach Project Proposed Block Cost Estimate (in Cr) 4 Mode of Funding Public Implementing Agency TTDC Phasing
Upgradation of 3 km of beach front with pockets of landscaping and seating area with aesthetically designed galleries Augment public convenience facilities Improve Solid waste management system Signages Develop Arts and Crafts Village & Children Play area with permanent Souvenir shops
2012-13
Santhome Cathedral
Lighting and Illumination Landscaping Strengthening of connecting link road from Santhome cathedral and Marina Beach with pathways and landscaping on either sides Ornamental lighting along the pathway to the beach front Beach front development Development of Pathways along the beach road with ornamental lighting on either sides Landscaping along the road Create place/platform for replaced shacks/petty shops Develop children play area at a designated area in the beach. Play area shall also include skating ground Signages Develop Convention Centre at the identified land parcel in Music College*
Public
TTDC
2013-14
Elliots Beach
Public
TTDC
2012-13
10
60 | P a g e
S.No.
Stretch/ Destination Pulicat Lake
Project Proposed
Block Cost Estimate (in Cr) 10
Mode of Funding Public
Implementing Agency TTDC
Phasing
Upgrade solid waste management Development of Boat house/Jetty Development of Tourist information centre, parking, children pay area, recreational areas, public convenience facilities, cafeteria etc near the Lake front Upgrade/strengthen the approach road to the lake front Landscaping of lake bund Provision of lighting and other allied infrastructure facilities to the tourists Signages Provision of canopy along the pathway inside the temple Pavement of Temple main entrance area Landscaping Upgrading/renovating existing park at the temple Paved parking area development Renovation of PushkarniTemple tank Landscaping near the temple tank Pavement of Area around the temple tank Upgrade/Strengthen approach road to the temple tank Upgrade pedestrian pathway along the approach road Car parking area development Renovate 1000 pillar mandapam Paved footpaths with landscaping Ornamental lighting along the footpaths to the 1000 pillar mandapam
2013-15
Ramanujar Temple Ramanujar Birth Place
Public
TTDC
2014-15
Kamakshi Amman Temple Kanchipura m Ekambarnath Temple
0.5
Public
TTDC
2012-15
Public
TTDC
2013-14
61 | P a g e
S.No.
Stretch/ Destination
Project Proposed
Block Cost Estimate (in Cr)
Mode of Funding
Implementing Agency
Phasing
Develop/create light and sound show showing the history, culture and tradition of Kanchipuram 8 Vellore Fort Renovate fort complex area with pavements at necessary/appropriate locations Renovate and Restore Hyder Mahal in the fort Public convenience facilities Develop adventure tourism sports at the hill top Renovate/upgrade lake Landscaping and lighting around the lake Develop trekking and cycling facilities on the hill top Develop public convenience facilities at different locations on the hill top Health Resort Develop car parking Pavement of approach road and landscaping along the road Lighting around temple complex Signages and Hoardings Facelift approach road (Ghat road) to Jawadhu hills Develop bus shelter on the hill top Develop pathway with soft landscaping to the water falls area Develop seating and viewing galleries near the water falls area Car parking area near water falls Develop Jungle resort Develop eco tourism sports/activities for the tourists which include, trekking, forest walk, cycling, etc 2 Public TTDC 2013-14
Yelagiri Hlls
Public
TTDC
2013-14
10
Renukambal Temple
Public
TTDC
2012-13
11
Jawadhu Hills
15.0 + 8 (resort developmen t on PPP)
Public and PPP both
TTDC
2012-13
62 | P a g e
S.No.
Stretch/ Destination
Project Proposed
Block Cost Estimate (in Cr)
Mode of Funding
Implementing Agency
Phasing
Approach road to Waterfalls of ~ 3 km Facelift lake front with landscaping and lighting 12 Arunachalee shwaram Temple Upgrade pedestrian pathways around the temple complex Provision of Public Convenience facilities Lighting at the main entrance to the temple Create shaded walkways around the temple for pedestrians Street lighting Public convenience facilities at different locations Upgrade boating facilities Develop bridge across the falls Ropeway Develop Musical fountain at the existing park near the water falls Signages Develop Hill resort Develop a theme park (Additional Attraction) Elephant trekking facility for 1 km round trip Develop lake front and upgrade boating facility Develop evening street/Eat street along the lake Develop basic infrastructure facilities for the tourists including rest rooms, drinking water facility Tourist information centre Develop Archery/shooting plaza Develop Mini Botanical Garden Trekking facilities Signages Improve pathway to the temple on the hill top 4 Public TTDC 2012-13
13
Hogenekkal Water Falls
10.0+12 (Hill Resort in PPP Mode)
Public
TTDC
2012-13
14
Yercaud Hills
4.0 + 15.0 (theme park on PPP)
Public and PPP both
TTDC
2012-13
15
Kolli Hills
15
Public
TTDC
2012-13
63 | P a g e
S.No.
Stretch/ Destination Sri Rangam Temple
Project Proposed
Block Cost Estimate (in Cr) 5
Mode of Funding Public
Implementing Agency TTDC
Phasing
16
Provision and upgradation of basic infrastructure facilities Interpretation centre near the temple complex Pathway and lighting around the temple complex Landscaping Facelift of temple surroundings Signages and hoardings Temple information centre
2012
Total Development Cost
114.5 Cr
6.1 Investments
Out of the total investment of 114.5 Cr Public Funding Rs.79.50 Crores PPP funding Private sector Participation ~ 35 Crores o o o
S. No. 1 2 3 Location Jawadhu Hills Hogenekkal Water Falls Yercaud Hills
Develop Hill resort at Hogenekkal Water Falls Development of Jungle Resort at Jawadhu Hills Development of Theme Park at Yercaud Hills Table 39: PPP Bifurcation of the Identified Projects
Project Proposed Development of Jungle Resort Hill Resort Development Theme Park Total Block Cost Estimate (in cr) 8 12 15 35 Public Funds 2 3 3.75 8.75 Private Investment 6 9 11.25 26.25
6.2 Estimated Employment Generation

Table 40: Estimated Employment Generation in the Circuit
Districts Chennai Thiruvallur Kancheepuram Chengalpattu Thiruvannamalai Salem Total Employment 22620 7800 4290 5460 23400 30420 93990
64 | P a g e

Tamil Nadu Report

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Identification of Tourism Circuits across India

Brief on the State ............................................................................................................................ 5

Existing Infrastructure Status of the Circuit.................................................................................. 15

Existing Infrastructure Status in the Priority Circuit..................................................................... 25

Projects Identification, Block Cost Estimate, Implementation and Funding ................................ 60

Objectives of the Study

Approach and Methodology

Initial Screening of Tourist Circuits

Secondary Research Potential Popularity Connectivity

Short listing of the Circuits

Carrying Capacity Assessment

Detailed Infrastructure Gap Assessment

Identification of Prospective Projects with Block Cost Estimates

Structure of the Report

2. Brief on the State

Figure 2: District Map of Tamil Nadu

Census of India, 2001

Tourism in the State

Policy note 2011-12,Revenue Department, Government of Tamil Nadu

Table 1: Transport Infrastructure Status in State

Figure 3: Road Network of Tamil Nadu

Figure 4: Railway Network Map of Tamil Nadu

Time Share Resort -

Rooms / Beds 5 6 1034 763 -

1 71 1 20 76 6197 4 111 28 1238 1 21 1 47 1 32 2 61 1 20 3 75 3 93 2 33 1 52 1 24 3 154 1 37 4

Town-wise Distribution Kumari

Time Share Resort ---

198 1 22 1 11 1 33 1 11 1 91 8 386 4 219 1 15 2 46 2 56 1 60 2 41 4 249 5 155 1 50 1 21 23 136 4 297 5 125 1 40 2 122 1

3Star 3 132 1 74 4 334 1 37 67 4223

Time Share Resort -0 0

42 8 304 2 114 5 374 1 24 1 24 3 83 1 27 1 37 228 11699

4. Existing Infrastructure Status of the Circuit

Figure 5: Tamil Nadu Tourist Circuit 1

State Level Travel and Tour Operators and Other Representatives

Ranked List of Circuits

Dharampuri Salem Namakkal Trichy

Entry / Exit Points

Dharampuri Salem Namakkal Tiruchirapalli

Source: Tamil Nadu Tourism Development Corporation

Carrying Capacity Assessment

I. Calculation of Existing Load (LEXISTING)

multiplied by average number of days of tourist stay at that tourist town.

Table 8: Evaluation Criterion for Physical and Ecological Indicators

Town wise Carrying Capacity Analysis

Carrying Capacity 2010

4652705 197268 208699 181481 85349 869108 83588 864335

4576000 269560 220500 299200 163100 1278200 144200 2203500

Vellore Thiruvannam alai Dharmapuri Salem Nammakkal Trichy

Vellore Thiruvannamal ai Dharmapuri Salem Nammakkal Trichy

5. Existing Infrastructure Status in the Priority Circuit

Solid Waste Management Electricity Parking

Tourist Information Centers Trained Guides Information Signages Seating/ Resting

Solid Waste Management Electricity Parking

Tourist Information Centers Trained Guides Information Signages Seating/ Resting

Parameters Street Lighting

Components Sufficiency (A-C) Quality (A-C) C C

Source: Reconnaissance survey

Parameters facility Solid Waste Management Electricity Parking A-C

Solid Waste Management Electricity Parking

Tourist Information Centers Trained Guides Information Signages Seating/ Resting

water lake or lagoon in India,

Solid Waste Management Electricity Parking

Tourist Information Centers Trained Guides Information Signages Seating/ Resting