CHAPTER 8 : NETWORKS AND COMMUNICATIONS

COMPUTER COMMUNICATION : describe a process in which two or more computers or devices transfer data, Information and instruction.

SENDING DEVICE

COMMUNICATION CHANNEL

RECEIVING DEVICE

USES OF COMPUTER COMMUNICATIONS o Blogs, chat rooms, email, IM, Fax, FTP, internet, newsgroup, RSS, video conferencing, VoIP, web, web 2.0, web folders and wikis o Wireless messaging services : text, picture, wireless instant messaging o Wireless internet access point o Cybercaf o Global positioning system (GPS) o Collaboration o Groupware o Voicemail o Web service NETWORKS LANs, MANs, WANs MAN High speed network that connects local area network in a metropolitan area ex: city

LAN Network that connects computers n devices in a limited geographical area

WAN Network that cover a large geographic area using communication channels that combines many types of media.

NETWORK ARCHITECTURE Client/ server Peer-to-peer Server: controls access to the hardware, Peer-to-peer network : simple, unexpensive software and other resources Internet Peer-to-peer : P2P, file sharing network Clients: other computers and mobile devices on network that rely on server on its resources NETWORK TOPOLOGIES Layouts of computers and devices in communications network. Common: bus, ring, star. Types of topologies : Star network Bus network Ring network Intranet NETWORK COMMUNICATIONS STANDARDS Ethernet Token ring TCP/IP Wi-Fi Bluetooth

UWB irDa RFID WiMAX WAP

COMMUNICATIONS SOFTWARE Communications software consists of programs that: o Help users establish connection to another computer or network o Manage transmission of data, instruction, and information o Provide interface for users to communicate with another COMMUNICATIONS OVER TELEPHONE NETWORK PSTN is the worldwide telephone system that handles voice-oriented telephone cells. There are various types of lines that use telephone network for data communications. o Dial-up lines o Dedicated lines o ISDN lines o DSL o FTTP o T-Carrier lines o ATM COMMUNICATIONS DEVICES Any hardware that capable of transmitting data, information, instructions between sending devices and receiving devices. There are types of communications devices : o Dial-up modem o Digital modem : ISDN, DSL, cable o Wireless modem o Network cards o Wireless access points o Routers HOME NETWORKS Many home users are connecting multiple computers and devices together in a home network. Their capabilities : o Connect internet at the same time o Share single high speed internet connection o Access files and programs on other computers in the house o Share peripheral : printers, scanners etc o Play multiplayer games with players on other computers in the house o Connect game consoles to the internet o Subscribe to and use VoIP Latest version of networks: Wired home network Ethernet network Powerline cable network Phoneline network Wireless home network COMMUNICATION CHANNELS Bandwidth : amount of data, information, instruction that can travel over communication channel. Communication channels have one or more transmission media. Transmission media has two types :

physical transmission media and wireless transmission media. PHYSICAL TRANSMISSION MEDIA These cables typically are used within or underground between buildings. Example : Ethernet, token rings LANs. Twisted-pair cable Coaxial cable Fiber-optic cable WIRELESS TRANSMISSION MEDIA More convenient than installing cables. Infrared Broadcast radio Cellular radio Microwave Communication satellite