"Vibration" is not a problem - it is a physical manifestation of machinery imperfection. No machine runs perfect.

DISPLACEMENT OF VIBRATION

Displacement The measured distance travelled by a point from its position at rest. Peak-to-peak displacement is the total measured movement of a vibrating point between its positive and negative extremes. Measurement units expressed as inches or mil inches (1 mil = 0,001).

Aprecierea limitelor nivelului vibraiilor la motoarele termice amplitudinea deplasrii ([ m ] rms), dup Ker Wilson :

Frecvena vibraiei [oscil/min]

Vibraii foarte puternice existnd riscul distrugerii (Periculos n exploatare) 1237 990 849 795 742

Vibraii puternice (Inacceptabil)

Vibraii apreciabile (Discutabil?)

Vibraii normale

Funcionare linitit

Funcionare foarte linitit/ vibraii nesesizabile 15,4 12,4 10,8 10 9,3

500 600 700 750 800

1237 445 990 354 849 311 795 292 742 272

445 141 354 113 311 99 292 94 272 88

141 49 113 39 99 33 94 31 88 28

49 15,4 3912,4 33 10,8 31 10 28 9,3

Balance condition displacement 5,0 mils ( peak peak ) at 1 x rpm;

VELOCITY OF VIBRATION Velocity. The time rate of change of displacement; dx/dt, derived from an accelerometer measurement. Also the maximum
speed of the vibrating object as it crosses the neutral axis. Since vibration velocity is changing continuously, we normally focus on peak (the highest) velocity values. Units express in in/sec or mm/s.

Vibraii admisibile (maini de dimensiuni mari cu mase n micare de rotaie, montate elastic) Amplitudinea vitezei vibraiei [mm/s] rms (101000 Hz) - conform ISO Standard 2372 :

RECOMANDAT

Calificativ

Nivelul mediu de percepere al omului (Foarte bine) 0,11

Bine

Satisfctor (Se poate lucra)

nc acceptabil (Nesatisfctor) nc apt de exploatare

Inadmisibil (Inacceptabil) Inapt n exploatare

Amplitudinea vitezei vibratiei [ mm/s ] - rms Amplitudinea deplasrii [ m ] rms calculated ? pure sine (12,5 Hz)

0,11 2.80

2,80 7,10

7,10 18,00

> 18,00

CALCULAT DIN DIAGRAMA-

Depinde de frecven !

12,00 90,00 ?

90,00 251,00 ?

251,00 ?

Overall velocity 1,0 in/s ( peak ) at 101000 Hz; ACCELERATION OF VIBRATION

Acceleration A change in the velocity of a body or particle with respect to time. The parameter measured by an accelerometer (dv/dt). At the extreme limits of displacement, acceleration of a vibrating object is at a maximum (when velocity is 0), with zero acceleration reached when crossing the neutral axis. A general indication of the force being applied to a vibrating part. Units expressed in g.

Overall acceleration 10,0 g ( peak ) at 05000 Hz;

Observaii !

La calculul indicilor de confort la rularea locomotivei se introduce n relaie acceleraia vibraiei ! Vibration could be the manifestation of the mechanical deviations in a machine that could be corrected ! Vibration analysis can tell you how ! ~ Using vibration analysis, you have a list of "invisible" anomalies ! ~ Problema normrii vibraiilor prezint dificulti care provin din faptul c vibraiile n tehnic sunt foarte complexe, au perioade, frecvene, amplitudini i acceleraii variabile, precum i direcii diferite de acionare. Forma vibraiilor, modul lor de acionare (continuu sau sub form de ocuri), durata aciunilor, precum i faptul c vibraiile se percep diferit funcie de poziia corpului omenesc, adaug noi dificulti normrii lor.