Third Generation Mobile Services

Third Generation Mobile (3G)

Offering data rates greater than ISDN (144kbps), typically thought to be 384kbps and perhaps upto 2 Mbps when stationary near a base station. Six types of services:
Interactive multimedia (video conferencing) High speed multimedia (broadcast TV) Medium speed multimedia (web browsing) Circuit switched data (FAX) Speech (telephony) Messaging (e-mail, SMS, )
Girish Kumar Patnaik 2

September 30, 2005

Paradigm shifts
voice-centric data centric
shift to packet switching problems: QoS, streaming media

continually evolving terminals and data applications - end users expect the same services (and more) from wireless systems as they expect from wireline systems

September 30, 2005

Girish Kumar Patnaik

W-CDMA and cdma2000

Technology Chip Rate Forward Link Pilot Structure Base Station Timing Synchronization Forward Link Modes W-CDMA 4.096 MCps Dedicated Pilot with TDM Asynchronous CDMA2000 3.6864 MCps Common Pilot with CDM Synchronous A multicarrier mode capable of overlay onto IS-95 carriers

Comparison of W-CDMA and cdma2000

September 30, 2005 Girish Kumar Patnaik 4

W-CDMA and cdma2000

MODE Chip Rate Common Pilot Dedicated Pilot Base Station Synchronization FDD (DS) 3.84 MCPs CDM TDM FDD (MC) 3.6864 MCPs CDM CDM TDD 3.84 MCPs To be determined To be determined To be determined

Asynchronous/Sy Synchronous as nchronous cdma2000

Harmonization Agreement of the 3G CDMA Modes

September 30, 2005 Girish Kumar Patnaik 5

Improvement on Core Network

Network related procedures are optimized to reduce signaling traffic Introduces a Gateway Location Register (GLR) between the VLR/SGSN and the HLR From the view point of the VLR/SGSN at the visited network, the GLR is treated as the roaming users HLR located at the home network From the view point of the HLR at the home network, the GLR acts as the VLR/SGSN at the visited network HLR and GLR communicate through the D interface After the first registration, all subsequent registration operations in a visited network are performed locally between the VLRs and the GLR; the remote HLR is not involved. GLR is physically located in the visited network and interacts with all VLRs in the visited network.
September 30, 2005 Girish Kumar Patnaik 6

Message flow for the first registration with GLR

September 30, 2005

Girish Kumar Patnaik

Message flow for a subsequent registration with GLR

September 30, 2005

Girish Kumar Patnaik

Message flow for the location cancellation with GLR

September 30, 2005

Girish Kumar Patnaik

Message flow for mobile termination call with GLR

September 30, 2005

Girish Kumar Patnaik

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Quality of Service in 3G
3G QoS control mechanism should
Efficient utilize resources based on the ability to dynamically change QoS parameters during a communication session Interwork with current QoS schemes Present end-to-end Qos to the users with appropriate mapping

The end-to-end service on the application level uses the bearer services for the underlying networks, portioned into three segments
Local bearer service provides a connection between TE and MT 3G bearer service provides 3G QoS External bearer service provides the connection to the the other party in the call
September 30, 2005 Girish Kumar Patnaik 11

Quality of Service in 3G
3G bearer service consists of two parts
Radio Access bearer service provides confidential transport of signaling and user data for moving users over the radio interface Core Network bearer service utilizes a 3G backbone network service that covers layer 1 and layer 2 functionality (eg. ATM or IP-based)

September 30, 2005

Girish Kumar Patnaik

12

Quality of Service in 3G
Four QoS classes:

7 QoS parameters: max/min/guaranteed bit rates, max. packet size, reliability, Major problems with how to map between the QoS of different systems.

September 30, 2005

Girish Kumar Patnaik

13

Wireless Operating System for Handsets

Wireless OS should satisfy the following requirements:
Immediate access to applications Modular software Support low-powered CPUs Be protected in a read-only-memory chip

September 30, 2005

Girish Kumar Patnaik

14

Wireless OS Examples
Windows Consumer Electronics (WinCE) OS
Developed by Microsoft Subset of Windows NT

EPOC OS
Developed by Psion Symbian uses EPOC

PalmOS
Developed by 3Com
September 30, 2005 Girish Kumar Patnaik 15

EPOC
EPOC provides communication to the outside world through serial and sockets, dial-up, TCP/IP, and PC connect Components Base Component
Consists of portable runtime system, kernel, file server, user library and file server APIs

Engine support Component

Provides APIs for data manipulation, an application architecture, resource files and utilities, standard C library and text tools

Graphics Component
GUI
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EPOC
EPOC kernel is light weight Kernel supports preemptive multitasking, enabling context switching between threads A power model is used by the kernel and device drivers to turn off devices and power sources when they are not active
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