The Federal Republic of Nigeria

Nigeria is a federal constitutional republic comprising 36 states and its Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. The country is located in West Africa and shares land borders with the Republic of Benin in the west, Chad and Cameroon in the east, and Niger in the north. Its coast in the south lies on the Gulf of Guinea on the Atlantic Ocean. The three largest and most influential ethnic groups in Nigeria are the Hausa, Igbo and Yoruba.

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The Levels of Nigerias Government

President and Commander in Chief of the Armed forces; The Vice President and the Ministers Location: Abuja

The Federal Government

The State Government

Governors, Deputy Governors and Commissioners Location: the 36 state capitals

Local Government Councils

Chairman, Supervisory Councillors Location: 774 Local Government Councils

The Arms of Government The Executive

Head of State: President Goodluck JONATHAN (since 5 May 2010, acting since 9 February 2010); Vice President Mohammed Namadi SAMBO (since 19 May 2010); The president is both the head of state and head of government Seat of Power: Aso Villa, Abuja Cabinet: Federal Executive Council Elections: President elected by popular vote for a four-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 16 April 2011 (next to be held in April 2015) Election results: Goodluck JONATHAN elected president; percent of vote - Goodluck JONATHAN 58.9%, Muhammadu BUHARI 32.0%, Nuhu RIBADU 5.4%, Ibrahim SHEKARAU 2.4%, other 1.3%

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The Arms of Government The Legislature

Legislative branch: Bicameral National Assembly consists of the Senate (109 seats, 3 from each state plus 1 from Abuja; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) and House of Representatives (360 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) Upper Chamber: Known as the Nigerian Senate (or the Red Chamber) led by a Senate President and currently headed by, David Mark Lower Chamber: Known as the Nigerian House of Representative (or the Green Chamber) led by a Speaker and currently headed by, Aminu Tambuwal Elections: Senate - last held on 9 and 26 April 2011 (next to be held in 2015); House of Representatives last held on 9 and 26 April 2011 (next to be held in 2015) Election results: Senate: seats by party - PDP 73, ACN 17, ANPP 7, CPC 6, LP 4, other 2; House of Representatives - seats by party - PDP 205, ACN 69, CPC 36, ANPP 28, LP 9, APGA 6, ACC 5, other 2; note - due to logistical problems elections in a number of constituencies were held on 26 April 2011

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The Arms of Government The Judiciary

Judicial branch: Supreme Court (judges recommended by the National Judicial Council and appointed by the president); Federal Court of Appeal (judges are appointed by the federal government from a pool of judges recommended by the National Judicial Council) The Head of the Judiciary: The Chief Justice of the Federation, currently JUSTICE ALOMA MARYAM MUKHTAR GCON the first female to hold this position Jurisdiction: The Supreme Court has original jurisdiction in any dispute between the Federation and a state or between states and also has original jurisdiction to hear and determine appeals from the Court of Appeal. Presently the Supreme Court is made up of the Chief Justice and fourteen (14) other Justices.

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National Symbols The Coat of Arm

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The Coat of Arms of Nigeria has a black shield with two wavy silver bands that come together, like the letter Y. These represent the two main rivers flowing through Nigeria: the Benue River and the Niger River, Nigeria's main inland waterways, which form a confluence at Lokoja. The black shield represents Nigeria's fertile soil, while the two horses or chargers on each side represent dignity. The eagle represents strength, while the green and white bands on the top of the shield represent the rich agricultural land of the inspiring country. The yellow flowers at the base are Costus Spectabilis, Nigeria's national flower. This flower was chosen for inclusion in the coat of arms as it is found all over Nigeria. On the band around the base is Nigeria's national motto since 1978, "Unity and Faith, Peace and Progress", formerly "Peace, Unity, Freedom

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National Symbols The Flag

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The Flag of Nigeria was designed in 1959 and first officially hoisted on October 1, 1960. The two unique sea-green bands represent the forests and abundant natural wealth of Nigeria while the white band represents peace. The designer of the national flag was a student, Michael Taiwo Akinkunmi. He hailed from Owu in Abeokuta, Ogun State was a student of Norwich Technical College, England when he saw the advertisement in the national daily that entries were being accepted for the design of a new National Flag. Akinkunmi quickly prepared his entry and sent it to Lagos where it was eventually picked in 1958 as the best and the flag was used to celebrate an independent Nigeria on October 1, 1960; when the Union Flag (Flag of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland) was lowered for the Nigeria Flag to take its place on the flagpole. Akinkunmi has received numerous awards from both individuals and organisations, and presently lives in Ibadan.

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National Symbols The National Anthem

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Shortly before independence, a new anthem, written by Lillian Jean Williams and composed by Frances Berda, was adopted as the new anthem. This was then again changed in 1978 to the anthem we have today. The National Publicity Committee that was tasked with this project organized a competition for a new national anthem. The final words were eventually formed from the entries of the best five picks. These Five (5) remarkable people are: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. John A Ilechukwu Eme Etim Akpan B A Ogunnaike Sota Omoigui P. O. Aderibigbe.

Great lofty heights attain To build a nation where peace and justice shall reign." The history of these words is steeped in years of patriotic pride and national history. Before Nigeria's independence, the British National anthem was used at festivals and official ceremonies. Being the British National anthem, most of its references were of the British Monarchy. Nigeria's Old National Anthem circa 1960. Nigeria, We Hail Thee! Our own dear native land Though tribe and tongue may differ In brotherhood we stand Nigerians all and proud to serve Our sovereign motherland Our flag shall be a symbol That truth and justice reign In peace or battle honour And this we count as gain To pass unto our children A banner without stain O God of all creation Grant this our one request Help us to build a nation Where no man is oppressed And so with peace and plenty Nigeria may be blessed

The music was composed by the Nigerian Police Band led by then Director of Music Nigeria Police Band, Benedict Odiase. The Anthem "Arise, O compatriots, Nigeria's call obey To serve our fatherland With love and strength and faith The labour of our heroes past Shall never be in vain To serve with heart and might One nation bound in freedom, peace and unity. Oh God of creation, direct our noble cause Guide our leaders right Help our youth the truth to know In love and honesty to grow And living just and true

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Nigeria's National Pledge

National Symbols The National Pledge

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The Nigerian National Pledge was written by Prof (Mrs.) Felicia Adebola Adedoyin.

I pledge to Nigeria my country, To be faithful, loyal and honest, To serve Nigeria with all my strength, To defend her unity, And uphold her honor and glory, So help me God.

National Symbols The National Currency

History of Nigerian Currency The West African Currency Board was responsible for issuing currency notes in Nigeria from 1912 to 1959. Prior to the establishment of the West African Currency Board, Nigeria had used various forms of money including cowries and manilas. On 1st July, 1959 the Central Bank of Nigeria issued the Nigerian currency notes and coins and the West African Currency Board notes and coins were withdrawn. It was not until 1st July, 1962 that legal tender status was changed to reflect the countrys new status. The notes were again changed in 1968 as a war strategy following the misuse of the countrys currency notes. The Currency notes were changed to Naira in 1st January, 1973.The major currency unit would be called Naira which would be equivalent to ten shillings: the minor unit would be called kobo; 100 of which would make one Naira. The N20 (Twenty Naira) banknote became the first currency note in Nigeria bearing the Portrait of a Nigerian citizen, in this case, the late Head of State, General Murtala Ramat Muhammed (1938-1976) who was the torch bearer of the Nigerian Revolution July, 1975. On 2nd July, 1979, new currency notes of three denominations, namely, ( N1), (N5), and (N10) were introduced. In order to facilitate identification, distinctive colors which were similar to those of the current banknotes of the various denominations were used. The notes bore the portraits of three eminent Nigerians who were declared national heroes on the 1st of October, 1978. The engravings at the back of the notes reflected the cultural aspects of the country. In 1991, both the 50k and N1 Notes were coined. In response to expansion in economic activities and to facilitate an efficient payments system, the N100, N200, N500, N1000 were introduced in December 1999, November 2000, April 2001 and October, 2005 respectively.

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National Symbols The National POSTAL STAMP

The first stamps for the modern state of Nigeria were issued on 1 June 1914 following the amalgamation of all of the British colonies in the area (Northern Nigeria and Southern Nigeria). The first stamps were the standard King George V Empire keytype, which was also previously used for the issues of Northern Nigeria.

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Federation and Republic

The first issue of independent Nigeria was issued on 1 October 1960, following with a definitive issued on 1 January 1961. In 1963 Nigeria became a Republic within the British Commonwealth and a new definitive set was issued on 1 November 1965.

National Heroes Nationalists and Freedom Fighters

The national heroes of Nigeria are well known for their significant contribution in their relative field. Their hard work along with their able leadership skills found way into millions of Nigerian hearts. Some of the popular national heroes of Nigeria have also achieved great heights of success in the international arena.

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The Six Geopolitical Zones

SOUTH EAST: Anambra, Enugu, Ebonyi, Imo and Abia states. SOUTH SOUTH: Edo, Delta, Rivers, Bayelsa, Cross-River and Akwa-Ibom states SOUTH WEST: Lagos, Ogun, Oyo, Osun, Ondo and Ekiti states NORTH CENTRAL: Kwara, Kogi, Plateau, Nassarawa, Benue, Niger and F.C.T NORTH EAST: Taraba, Adamawa, Borno, Yobe, Bauchi and Gombe states
NORTH WEST: Sokoto, Zamfara, Kebbi, Kaduna, Katsina, Kano

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and Jigawa state

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Kaduna State

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Kaduna State is located in the North-West Geopolitical zone of the Country (with Kaduna as its capital) and shares common borders with FCT, Zamfara, Katsina, Niger, Kano, Bauchi and Plateau States. The major rivers in the State including River Kaduna, River Wonderful in Kafanchan, River Kagom, River Gurara and Galma. There are two marked seasons in the State, the Dry windy season and the Rainy (wet) Seasons. The main ethnic group are: Hausa, Fulani, Bajju, Kataf, Kagoro, Moroa Jaba, Gbaggyi, Kanninkon, Ninzam, Chawai, Atyap, Ham Kurama etc, with Hausa and English languages as common In 1976, when the General Murtala Mohammed administration created seven new states in Nigeria, North-Central State, with a capital at Kaduna, was renamed Kaduna State. Kaduna got its name from the Hausa word Kada meaning Crocodile (plural Kadduna). These reptiles abound on the bank of River Kaduna.

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Kaduna State

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Kaduna State
Government

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State Government: Governor Patrick Ibrahim Yakowa (PDP); Deputy Alhaji Muthtar Ramalan Yero Seat of Power: Sir Kashim Ibrahim House, Tudun wada Cabinet: State Executive Council Elections: Governor elected by popular vote for a four-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held in April 2011 (next to be held in April 2015) Legislature: There are 34 members in the Kaduna State House of Assembly. The State is divided into 23 local government areas for easy administration. Headed by a speaker, currently led by Mu'azu Gangara Judiciary: The Kaduna State Judiciary is the third arm of Government in the State, after the Executive and the Legislature. It is responsible for the general administration of justice in the State. Headed by the state Chief Justice, currently led by Justice Rahila Hadea Cudjoe

The Executive Governor of Kaduna State

THE TRUE AND HONEST LEADER

His Excellency, Patrick Ibrahim Yakowa was born on the 1st of December 1948 in Fadan Kagoma, Jemaa LGA, Kaduna State. He is married with four children.

The Schools attended and Qualifications:

St. Pauls Junior Primary School, Fedan Kagoma in 1956-1968 St. pauls Senior Primary School, Magamiya in 1960-1961 (Primary School Certificate) St. Marys Secondary School, Fadan Kaje in 1962-1966 (WASC DIVISION II) St. Johns College, Kaduna State in 1967-1968 (Higher School Certificate) Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria in September 1969-June 1972 (B.Sc, MSc) Institute of Administration, University of Ife, Ile-Ife in October 1973-December 1974 (Post Graduate Diploma in Public Administration) Institute of Administration, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria in September 1977-December 1978 (Master in Public Admin) Course Work Completed.

WORKING EXPERIENCE

He worked in the North Central State Civil Service as an Administrative Officer, appointed on the 16th of June 1972. An Assistant Secretary II/Secretary Kaduna State Sport Council from June 1972-October 1973. He attended the Institute of Administration, University of Ife and obtained the Postgraduate Diploma in Public Administration. An Assistant Secretary Minister of Finance and Establishment North Central State from June 1974-July 1975. Divisional officer (D.O) Birnin Gwari Division North Central State from December 1974-July 1975; From 1975October 1977, he was the Senior Assistant Secretary Ministry of Establishments and Training, later Acting Principal Assistant Secretary in-charge of Establishment and Finance Matters. During this period, he was a regular member of the State Delegation to the meetings of the National Council on Establishment. Within that period, he

was appointed member of the National Committee to draft Scheme of Service for all Cadre of Staff in the Federal and State Civil Services. From October 1977-December 1978, he attended the Institute of Administration, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria for the Masters Course in Public Administration, with successful completion of Course Work in December 1978. He was the Under-Secretary (Political Affairs) in the Military Governors office from January 1979-December 1979. He was the Secretary to the State Lands Investigation Commission (Military Governors office) in January 1980December 1980. He was the Secretary and Chief Administrative officer for Health Services Management Board of Kaduna State from January 1981-December 1983, and was the Principal Secretary, Parastals Development (Military Governors Office) from January 1981-March 1983. He was the Secretary/Chief Administrative Officer of Kaduna State Agricultural Development Project in March 1984-December 1985. He was the sole Administrator, Saminaka Local Government. He was the Chairman, Saminaka Local Government Caretaker Committee from August 1986October 1987. He was the Permanent Secretary for Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Kaduna State from the 5th of October, 1987-March 1988. From March 1988-August 1990, he was the Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Works and Transport. In August 1990, he was the Director for Ecological funds, presidency, Federal Republic of Nigeria, following the transfer of service from Kaduna State Service to the Federal Civil Service. On the 9th of July 1981, he was the Director of Finance and Supplies, Federal Ministry of Water Resources. From January 1994 to January 1997, he was the Hon. Commissioner and Member State Executive Council Kaduna State Government. In February 1997 to August 1998, he was the Director, Joint Services, and Ministry of Defense. From July 1998 to May 1999, he was the Minister of Solid Minerals Development, Federal Government of Nigeria. From the 1st to the 14th of June 1999, he was the permanent Secretary Federal Civil Service. In June 1999 to 2003, he was Member, National Economic Intelligence Committee Presidency. From July 2003 to 2005, he was the Secretary to the Kaduna State Government. In July 2005, he was the Deputy Governor of Kaduna State until 2010.

ADHOC CONTRIBUTION TO THE GOVERNMENT

From July 1975 to October 1977, he was a delegate to the meetings of the National Council of Establishment to draft the Scheme of Service for all Cadre of Staff in the Federal and State Civil Services. In 1978 to 1979, he was the Secretary, Meetings of the Council of Chiefs, Kaduna State. From December 1992 to April 1993, he was Chairman, National Republican Convention (NRC) Caretaker Committee, Kaduna State and led the NRC State delegation to the Partys National Convention. From 1994 to July 1994, Secretary, national Constitutional Conference Election Committee. In 1998, he was the Conference Speaker; Global Emerging Markets: The Mining Investment Summit, London. In 1999, he was the Conference Speaker, Investing in Africa Mining Conference, Indaba. In 2002, he was the Chairman, Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) Screening Committee, Rivers State. In 2002, he was a Member, National Economic Intelligence Committee. In 2002, he was a Member, State Caucus of the peoples Democratic Party.

COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT

He constructed a block of four Classrooms at LEA Primary School, Fadan Kagoma.

He also Constructed the first Borehole in the Fadan Kagoma. He influenced the tarring of major roads in Fadan Kagoma. He initiated the electrification of Fadan Kogoma and environs. He influenced the sighting of the Fadan Kagoma Primary Health Centre. He contributed immensely in bringing in pipe borne water to Fadan Kagoma. He influenced the contribution of an earth dam, which is yet to be completed by the Federal Government. He Initiated a scholarship scheme for exceptional but less privileged students. He contributed financially and materially to the construction of additional classrooms of the following Secondary Schools;
1. Government Secondary School, Fadan Kagoma. 2. Government Secondary School, Asso; and 3. Government Secondary School, Kyaya.

He contributed financially and materially to various Clubs and Associations and Serves as Patron to many of such Associations i.e. Gwong Development Association (GDA), Gwong Youth Forum, Youth CAN, North Branch, patron, Catholic Youth Association of Nigeria, Kaduna Archdiocese. He contributed immensely in the reconstruction of so many Churches, renovation works and also to Christian Widows Association, Women Associations and so many NGOs. He contributed in the construction of a Cassava processing Plant in Asso. He facilitated the employment of so many graduates and non-graduates. He purchased forms and facilitated admission of promising students into higher Institutions of learning. These numerous support activities and other selfless service to the Community, led to his turbanning in 2008 as Dan Masanin Gwong by the Gwong Traditional Council.