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II Nerve fibres
Nerve fibre is an axon together with its enveloping sheaths.
In peripheral Nervous system (Nerves) Nerve fibre is surrounded by
(a) Outer most sheath - Myelin sheath
(b) Middle sheath – Sheath of Schwann cell or Neurolemma
(c) Inner most sheath – Endoneural sheath
Endoneural sheath is made up of connective tissue having Neuroglial cells, also known as Sheath of Henle
or key Retzious.
The Myelin sheath appears as a tube around the axon At regular intervals (of about 1 mm in Humans ), the
neurilemma is constricted and the myelin sheath is interrupted, forming the so called Nodes of Ranvier
The segments between successive Nodes are called Internodes.
The myelin sheath consists merely of the plasma membrane of over lying Schwann cells or (Oligodendrocytes)
wrapped around the axon several times in a spiral fashion
On the basis of structure Nerve fibres are of two types.
1. Myelinated Nerve fibres [medullated Nerve fibre]
2. Non – Myelinated Nerve fibres [ Non – medullated Nerve fibre ]
Eg: - Certain axons of sympathetic Nervous system do not have a myelin sheath
Each Internodal segment of axon and its myelin sheath is the product of a single schwann cell
(oligodendrocyte) whose flattened nucleus is visible on external surface of the sheath
Myelin sheath is lipoprotein but mainly lipoid in nature
Nerve
A nerve is a bundle of nerve fibres
A single nerve fibre is surrounded by endoneurium
Group of Nerve fibres are surrounded by perineurium
Whole Nerve is covered by a sheath of connective tissue known as Epineurium.
Most nerves (Cranial and Spinal) possesses only myelinated fibres, but some (Sympathetic) possess both types
of fibres.
Sensory Nerve fibres – It bring the impulse towards the central Nervous system.
Motor Nerve fibres – It carries the impulses away from central Nervous System.
The numerous fibres of a nerve are aggregated into several small bundles Called fasciculi.