Ref no.

: Date:

No 001-11 01/03/2011

IE2 Motor Efficiency Standard

Introduction
Being energy efficient is something that is more and more becoming part of our daily lives since it allow us to reduce the operating cost of performing a task and it is also beneficial for the environment in the sense that we use our resources more sparingly and generate less pollution. In many case we voluntary buy the more energy efficient products because we would like to reduce our operating cost. In certain other case governments pass laws to set compulsory energy efficient standard to protect the environment and allow us to reduce operating cost. There are pending legislation changes in several countries about the energy efficiency standards for electrical motors. This newsletter provides some background information about the standards; how governments responded to them and how Munters will respond to ensure our customers are supplied by products meeting local regulations. An exact time frame for mentioned changes will be distributed at a later point.

Electrical Motor Efficiency

Electrical motor sizes are determined by energy output capabilities, not by their electrical energy consumption. Therefore a 1.1 kW (1.5 hp) motor is able deliver 1.1 kW (1.5 hp) of mechanical power on the output shaft. Since an electrical motor converts electrical power into mechanical power and no energy conversion processes are 100% efficient, the power input to the motor is always larger than the power output. The degree to which the power input is larger is determined by the overall motor efficiency. Factors that contribute to improving motor efficiency are amongst others magnetic characteristic of steel used in manufacturing rotor and stator as well as overall dimension of rotor and stator; more copper windings inside the motor; tighter tolerances between the windings as well as between the rotor and stator; and the use of bearings with improved tolerances,. All the electrical power that is lost in the conversion process is turned into heat, which means less efficient motors will be much hotter than more efficient motors when operating under the same conditions.

Page 1 of 5

2011 Munters Europe AB

Any energy saving on an electrical motor can easily be transferred into an operating cost saving. Below is a table indicating possible operating cost savings for a variety of different motor efficiencies.

Electrical Power Input [kW]

Motor Efficiency

2 3 Annual Operating Cost [] Efficiency Mechanical Annual Power Consumption [kWh] Power Output 1 Standard [kW] Operating 3,000 Operating 5,000 Operating 3,000 Operating 5,000 hours / year hours / year hours / year hours / year

1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1

Notes 1 2 3

65% 70% 75% 81.4%

IE1 IE2

1.69 1.57 1.47 1.35

5,077 4,714 4,400 4,054

8,462 7,857 7,333 6,757

507.69 471.43 440.00 405.41

846.15 785.71 733.33 675.68

Standards to be discussed later in document Motor operating a specified number of hours per year Electrical cost: 0.10 / kWh

How is energy efficiency measured?

At present there are numerous standards around the world for measuring and classifying motor efficiency. The International Electrotechnical Commission, or IEC, is a non-profit, non-governmental international standards organization that prepares and publishes International Standards. The IEC 60034-30 standard aims to harmonize global motor efficiency standards by defining classes of motor efficiency, known as IE1, IE2 and IE3, and test methods for determining motor efficiency (IEC 60034-2-1). For a motor to be rated in a certain class, it has to meet or exceed a specified efficiency. IE1 has the lowest efficiency, while IE3 has the highest. The efficiency target a motor has to reach is dependant on the motor size and larger motors need to meet higher efficiency standards, as illustrated in the
Page 2 of 5

graph below which applies to 4 pole 50Hz motors.

100

95

90

Motor Efficiency [%]

85

80

IE3 Compliant IE2 Compliant IE1 Compliant

75

70

Below IE standards
65

60
0. 75 18 .5 90 11 0 13 2 15 0 16 0 18 5 30 1. 1. 2. 5. 7. 11 15 22 37 45 55 75 3 4 1 5 2 5 5

Motor Power Output [kW]

To be more specific, the table below summarizes the IE energy efficiency

2011 Munters Europe AB

targets for motor sizes typically used on

fans produced by Munters.

Motor Power kW 0.75 1.1 1.5 hp 1 1.5 2

IE1 Standard efficiency 4 pole motor 50Hz 72.1% 75.0% 77.2% 60Hz 78.0% 79.0% 81.5%

IE2 High efficiency 4 pole motor 50Hz 79.6% 81.4% 82.8% 60Hz 82.5% 84.0% 84.0%

IE3 Premium efficiency 4 pole motor 50Hz 82.5% 84.1% 85.3% 60Hz 85.5% 86.5% 86.5%

What motors are included under these standards?

This standard covers all motors that fall within the following parameters Single-speed, three-phase, 50 and 60 Hz 2, 4 or 6-pole Rated output from 0.75 to 375 kW Rated voltage up to 1000 V Duty type S1 (continuous duty) or S3 (intermittent periodic duty) with a rated cyclic duration factor of 80% or higher Capable of operating direct online 50 and 60 Hz The only exceptions are Motors made solely for operation with an inverter

Motors completely integrated into a machine is such a way that it can not be tested separately from the machine

How are standards applied?

Since the IEC is an independent organization, it is up to local authorities to decide if, and when, they wish enforce such standards. Several countries have passed laws which have set deadlines by which date all motors sold in that country should comply with a specified IE class. The table below gives a summary of the current situation of where governments has chosen to introduce laws or are considering introducing such laws.

Country

Voltage Range 400V 10%, 50Hz 400V 10%, 50Hz 480V 10%, 60Hz 400V / 575V 10%, 50Hz 220V / 380V / 440V / 460V / 480V 10%, 60Hz

Power Range

Poles

Current Status

EU Switzerland USA Canada

0.75 to 375 kW 1 to 400 kW 1 to 200 hp 1 to 200 hp

2 to 6 2 to 6 2 to 6 2 to 6

IE2 Compulsory from 16 June 2011 IE2 Compulsory from 1 July 2011 IE3 Compulsory from 19 December 2010 IE3 Compulsory from 1 January 2011 IE2 Compulsory from 8 December 2009

Brazil

0.75 to 250 kW

2 to 8

Page 3 of 5

2011 Munters Europe AB

Chile

China Hong Kong India Israel

Japan

Korea UAE South Africa Australia

New Zealand Singapore

380V / 400V / 420V / 440V / 460V / 690V 10%, 60Hz 380V 10%, 50Hz 380V 10%, 50Hz 415V / 690V 10%, 50Hz 400V 10%, 50Hz 200V / 220V / 400V / 440V / 10%, 50 / 60Hz Up to 600V 10%, 60Hz 400V 10%, 50Hz 400V / 525V 10%, 50Hz 415 / 690V +10% -6%, 50Hz 415 / 690V +10% -6%, 50Hz 415V 10%, 50Hz

0.75 to 7.5 kW

2 to 6

IE2 Compulsory from 4 January 2011 IE2 Compulsory from 1 July 2011 IE2 Introductory phase since December 2009 IE2 Expected 2013 IE2 Compulsory from 1 February 2008 IE2 Expected

0.55 to 315 kW 0.75 to 375 kW 0.37 to 315 kW 0.75 to 185 kW

2 to 6 2 to 6 2 to 8 2 to 8

0.2 to 160 kW

2 to 6

0.75 to 200 kW 0.75 to 375 kW 0.75 to 375 kW 0.73 to 186 kW

2 to 6 2 to 6 2 to 6 2 to 8

IE2 Compulsory from 1 July 2008 IE2 Recommended from 16 June 2011 IE1 recommended IE2 Compulsory from 1 April 2006, IE3 expected IE2 Compulsory from 1 April 2006, IE3 expected IE2 only on government projects

0.73 to 186 kW 1.1 to 90 kW

2 to 8 2 to 4

How Munters will respond

Due to the pending regulation changes in Europe and China mid 2011, motor manufacturers will be forced to make some alterations their motor line-ups which will have an impact the motor options Munters can offer on fans. The changes that will happen are as follow: 2 New motor options will be introduced that will meet IE2 standards. The cost of these motors will be higher that what we are used to today since they contain more copper and are manufactured with finer tolerances o 0.75 kW (1.0 hp) 400V, 3 phase, 50Hz, IP55, single speed, without cooling fan o 1.1 kW (1.5 hp) 400V, 3 phase, 50Hz, IP55, single speed, without cooling fan

400V, 3 phase, multispeed motors will no longer be available in sizes 0.75 kW (1.0 hp) and 1.1 kW (1.5 hp). Due to the design of these types of motors, they do not meet the IE2 standard All 0.75 kW (1.0 hp) and 1.1 kW (1.5 hp) will be offered without cooling fan only (see note below) The remainder of the options for motor sizes 0.75 kW (1.0 hp) and 1.1 kW (1.5 hp) will still be available as they are today

The changes mentioned above will allow all Munters distributors to have access to the correct motor option in order to comply with local regulations regardless of where the fans are sold. An exact time frame for the implementation of these changes as well as any changes in airflow and prices will be distributed shortly.

Page 4 of 5

2011 Munters Europe AB

Note: Cooling fan In theory a motor equipped with a cooling fan should be better cooled than one without. But theory and practice are not always the same. In practice fans often operate in dusty conditions and under such conditions the cooling fans become an obstacle rather than a solution. Dust tends to accumulate in the cooling fan housing and eventually block all airflow through that part of the motor, which leads the motor to operate at an elevated temperature and cause premature failure. The picture on the right illustrates a scenario frequently seen where the cooling fan housing is completely blocked and the cooling fan rendered ineffective. An additional benefit from eliminating the cooling fan is that the back of the motor is

completely sealed, which eliminates an entry point for water from high pressure cleaners into the motor.

Over the past few years numerous practical test have demonstrated that motors without cooling fans outlast motors with cooling fans, and therefore the decision was taken to standardize on a single solution that improves the overall quality of fans produced by Munters.

Sincerely

Wouter Claassens Global Product Manager Mobile: e-mail: +1 517 899 6849 wouter.claassens@munters.com

Page 5 of 5

2011 Munters Europe AB