EXPERIMENT 4: RESULTANT AND EQUILIBRANT FORCES Abstract The magnitude and direction of different forces were determined in the

experiment. In the set-up of the experiment a force table was used. A ring/ washer served as the object where the forces act upon. Three strings were attached around the washer with corresponding weights attached to the other end. The strings were assigned at different directions with the use of a pulley. Afterwards, the weights were balanced to obtain equilibrium at the center of the washer indicated by the stability of it at the center. Specific magnitudes and directions were obtained for each of the three concurrent forces. The experimental resultant force was derived from the negative vector of any of one of the three forces given the two other forces. The equilibrant force of force one and force two is determined from the magnitude and direction of force three, the equilibrant of force two and force three is determined form the magnitude and direction of force one and lastly, the equilibrant force of force one and force three is determined from the magnitude and direction of force two. Finally, we came up with the computed resultant forces of the three given concurrent forces by using the component method. Questions and Problems: 1. Differentiate the resultant and equilibrant of two forces. A resultant of two forces is the single force that could be substituted for them without altering the effect they produce. It is the force that would cause a stationary object to start moving with a given velocity to speed up, slow down or change direction such that the velocity of the object changes that is usually computed by the component method given two or more given forces. The equilibrant of two or more forces are forces that can produce equilibrium within them. It is also a force on the other hand is based on a theory that of a resultant force acts on an object then that object can be brought into equilibrium by applying an additional force that balances this resultant therefore it is equal in magnitude but opposite in direction to the original resultant force acting in the object and is the negative vector of the resultant force. 2. If three concurrent forces are in equilibrium, what is the relation between any one of the three forces and the resultant of the other two forces? The three concurrent forces are acting on a body at the center. The resultant of F1 and F2 is given by the opposite of F3. If F3 is opposite to the resultant, then the body will be in equilibrium. Hence for the three concurrent forces acting on a body when the body is in equilibrium, the resultant of the two forces should be equal and opposite of the third force. One of the three forces is directly opposite or id parallel to the resultant force of the other two forces meaning, it is the negative vector of the resultant of the other forces

having the same magnitude but different directions 3. If two forces with the same magnitude were exactly in opposite directions, what is the magnitude and direction of their resultants? What is the magnitude and direction of their equilibrium? The magnitude of the resultant force would be the same as that of the other force directly opposite of any one of the three forces meaning they cancel out each other so it would be zero. The resultant and equilibrant are both zero calling it the zero vectors. The magnitude is zero because the net force is zero and the equilibrium is in the zero vector. The equilibrant is acting force on the opposite direction thus rendering to an inertia state with no unequal force reacting upon it. 4. 4. Use the component method to find the magnitude and direction of the resultant of the concurrent forces given below: A= 2000 N at 0o B= 1500 N at 60o C= 1000 N at 150o D= 3800 N at 225o A: Ax= 2000 cos (0o)= 2000 N Ay= 2000 sin (0o) = 0 N B: Bx= 1500 cos (60o)= 750 N By= 1500 sin (60o) = 1299.04 N C: Cx= 1000 cos (150o)= -866.03 N Cy= 1000 sin (150o) = 500 N D: Dx= 3800 cos (225o)= -2687.01 N Dy= 3800 sin (225o) = -2687.01 N Rx= Ax + Bx - Cx - Dx = 2000 + 750 866.03 2687.01 = -803.04 N Ry= Ay + By + Cy Dy = 0 + 1299.04 + 500 2687.01 = -887.97 N R= 2+2 =(803.04)2+(887.97)2 = 1 197.23 N

=tan1887.97803.04 =47.88o in QIII = +180o =.o 5. A body weighing 100 N is suspended by a rope. A second rope attached to the body is drawn aside horizontally until the suspended rope makes an angle of 30o with the vertical. Find the tension in each rope. T2 30o cos 30o T3 sin 30o

T1

* Fy= 0 T1 w= 0 T1- 100= 0 T1= 100 N * Fy= 0 - T1 + T2 = 0 - T1 + T2 cos (30o) = 0 - 100 + T2 cos (30o) = 0 T2= 100cos(30) T2= 115.47 N * Fy= 0 - T3 + T2 sin (30o) = 0 - T3 + T2 sin (30o) = 0 - T3 + 115.47 sin (30o) = 0 T3= 115.47 sin (30o) T3= 57.74 N