TUTORIAL

URBANO HYDRA 7

Contents
1. Introduction........................................................................................................ 3 2. Generating of DTM with Civil 3D.........................................................................5 3. Definition of network..........................................................................................7 4. Review of the network......................................................................................13 Transferring the data to other Windows application.........................................14 Sorting of elements in table view......................................................................14 Showing of table view as AutoCAD table...........................................................16 5. Editing of network............................................................................................17 Changing the names of the arrays....................................................................17 6. Longitudinal sections........................................................................................23 7. Intersection analysis.........................................................................................31 8. Definition of pipe invert....................................................................................42 9. Dynamic model................................................................................................ 53 10. Diameter definition.........................................................................................57 11. Definition of hydraulic schemes.....................................................................59 12. Consumption calculation - inhabitants ..........................................................62 13. Firefighting and point demands......................................................................63 14. Definition of additional hydraulic data............................................................66 15. Hydraulic calculation......................................................................................68 16. Piezometer and velocities in the system........................................................72 17. Analysis of pressures......................................................................................74 18. Querying.........................................................................................................77 19. Definition of manholes/structures..................................................................80 20. Definition of trench.........................................................................................83 21. Calculation of excavation...............................................................................88 22. Manhole schemes...........................................................................................91

1. Introduction
This tutorial is created to explain the basic issues about software Urbano Canalis 7. The whole tutorial will be performed in the one drawing (00 Tutorial Initial.dwg). All the important steps in design of water supply network will be explained. It is assumed that Civil 3D and Urbano 7 software family are correctly installed on computer. It is also assumed that the basic knowledge of AutoCAD and AutoCAD Civil 3D exists. In the example, simple water supply network will be created. Terrain elevations in manholes will be calculated upon Civil 3D digital terrain model. The example drawing has 3D elements which are necessary to create DTM. Network will be created upon helping elements (circles and polylines). All actions will be made according to prepared definitions and configurations (labels, table views, longitudinal sections). The creation of appropriate configurations will not be subject of this tutorial. If tutorial is successfully repeated, the user will have basic knowledge about functioning of the software. Based on this knowledge, by using additional documentations and materials, user will be able to efficiently use the software. Every important step will have appropriate drawing saved, so user can check if specific step is successfully repeated. The whole tutorial example is consisting of following files: 00 Tutorial Initial.dwg Clip Novi.tif example Clip Novi.tfw raster Catalog_Trench.xml Catalog_UpperLayers.xml definition Catalog_manhole.xml Catalog_pipe.xml ARSXCurveCatalog.xml initial drawing raster image which is background of

world file for raster, to correctly show

catalog of pipe trenches catalog of upper layers in trench

catalog of manholes catalog of pipes catalog of curves

set of control drawings, which shows different steps in tutorial from 01 to 17

All *.XML files should be copied to install directory of Urbano 7. If you already did any customization such as defining your own manholes or pipes DO NOT use XML files. You will be able to repeat, in general, steps from tutorial with your own configurations. In general if any kinds of configurations are used in the drawing, they can be replaced with different configurations. It is not important to have exactly the same configurations like in description.

In the tutorial we will use the next abbreviations:

DC RC

double click with the mouse right click button with the mouse

2. Generating of DTM with Civil 3D

The drawing 00 Tutorial Initial.dwg should be open in Civil 3D with Urbano 7 profile (after installation you should have appropriate icon on desktop). When drawing is opened, type the command WS in the command line of Civil 3D, to activate Urbano Main WorkSpace. Main WorkSpace shows definition of water supply system with prepared configurations for previews, labels, thematic maps, styles and longitudinal sections. The screen should look like bellow:

To show all elements for DTM switch on all the layers which has prefix DTM. Start if necessary Civil 3D Toolspace and create surface from shown elements. DTM should be created from 3D points and 3D lines (option Drawing Objects). Additionally the breaklines can be generated from the line elements which are on layers DTM_road, DTM_building_area, DTM_break_lines and DTM_fill. After creating of Civil 3D DTM and moving to 3D view the drawing should look like picture bellow:

The drawing with Civil 3D DTM created is saved under name 01 DTM.dwg.

3. Definition of network
Switch off all DTM layers and switch on the layers 0_Helping_Elements, 2_Distribution_Network and 3_Distribution_Network. After that the next picture will appear:

In the example, 10 channels (arrays) will be created. The first transport one will be created by conversion from drawn yellow polylines. Four transversal channels (cyan) will be created by converting from drawn polylines. Additional four channels will be created interactively by picking points in green circles from 1 to 34. The second transport one will be created by picking points numbered 1 and 10 (magenta polyline). Start the conversion from AutoCAD elements to the network from the Main WorkSpace as shown in the picture below:

In the Conversion of AutoCAD elements dialog box pick the button Select drawing elements and than from the drawing select the two yellow polylines. All other properties leave intact and press the Convert button. The first transportation channel is drawn. Now start the Conversion of AutoCAD elements command like shown before. Repeat the conversion steps for four cyan polylines. They now represent a transversal water supply network. Start the command in the Main Workspace Labels->Sections->DC (1 Length Diameter)->Show. Now the sections are labeled with length and diameter. Start Labels->Section nodes->DC (Name Terrain). Now the nodes are labeled with name and terrain elevation. Now the screen should look like this:

The next step is to close the water supply network by drawing network elements interactively. From the Main workspace start the command Draw (RC Draw>Draw network system) and the following dialog box will appear:

Under the Labels category for nodes select the 1 Name Terrain label and for sections select the 1 Length Diameter label. All other parameters leave intact. Press the Draw button and start drawing the network elements by connecting green circles numbered 1, 2, 3 (connection with the channel drawn before), 4, 5 (connection with the channel drawn before), 6, 7 (connection with the channel drawn before), 8 9 (connection with the channel drawn before) and press Enter. The first channel is drawn and labeled. Program shows the tooltip with the length of the section. It is not necessary to pick exactly in the center of the circle. Circles are placed approximately. When channel is created, zoom in to inspect the node and section labels.

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Now, with the Draw network system dialog box opened start drawing the other three networks. Press the button Draw and connect green points from 11 to 17. Pick first two or three points and from property list, part Draw, activate option for Constant section length. Choose one of the offered values (40 or 80), or just type the new value (for example 30). When the new position of the node should be defined, with dragging of the mouse, segments of defined length will appear. Draw few sections. It is not important if node positions are not exactly on defined circles. Switch off, in the property list, option for Constant section length, and continue to define nodes of second channel. When approaching the connection with the main channel (point 13), the yellow circle around node 13 of the main channel will appear. Just pick close to point 13 and program will make appropriate connection to the main channel. With the ENTER key finish the definition of second channel. Repeat these steps for the next network part by connecting green points from 18 to 24 and from 25 to 34. Only one network part is not defined so we will do it now, from the Main workspace start the command Draw (RC Draw->Draw network system) and the Draw network system dialog box appears. Under the Labels category for nodes select the 1 Name Terrain label and for sections select the 1 Length Diameter label. All other parameters leave intact. Press the Draw button and connect the points labeled 1 and 10 (magenta polyline). To se how many array are created start the Thematic mapping Arrays (Theme mappings -> Sections -> Arrays (DC)). Now the drawing should look like the picture below:

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Defined network can be compared with the drawing 02 Network.dwg

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4. Review of the network

When the water supply network is defined and created it is possible to inspect the topology and geometry through Previews (Table Views). It is possible to create arbitrary different table views. In the example there are two basic table views defined. One is for the sections and the second one is for nodes/manholes. Start the table view for the sections (Previews -> Sections -> 0 Section Geometry) by double click from the Workspace. The table with the data about sections should appear, like in bellow picture:

In the table view it is possible to inspect all elements of the network. For a while only columns with Name, Section length, Starting and Ending node are filled. Later on, when pipe invert will be defined and diameters calculated, the table view will show all the data. It is possible to perform lot of actions inside of table view. First of all it is possible, by using usual Windows techniques (Pick, Shift+Pick, Ctrl+Pick, Ctrl+Shift+Pick) select one or more records (rows) in the table views. If Right click is performed, there are additional options available, like Select all, Copy Selected and so on. In the next picture there is explanation of all buttons and possible actions for table view:

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Recapitulation First of all, we would like to know how long is drawn network and how many pipes are in the network. Inside of table view press Right Click (RC) and choose option Select All. Again press RC and choose Recapitulation Summary. The yellow balloon appears which shows that system is 4326 m long and that has 79 pipes (the result can vary in your example). If we do not select the whole network, but just some part of it, recapitulation will give the summary just for selected part. Transferring the data to other Windows application Content of any table view can be easily transferred to any Windows application. In the active table view press RC, Select All, RC, Copy selected. Start Excel, RC and Paste. Instead of Excel, another Windows application can be chosen. Sorting of elements in table view Table view can be sorted according to any numerical value. For example we will sort table view according to length of the sections. Sorting is performed by simply clicking on column names in the table view. Pick on Section Length and sections will be sorted according to their length. If you click once again, sorting will be performed in reverse order. Zooming to selected elements in the drawing If some elements need to be better viewed in the drawing, it is very simple to do it. Appropriate element (row) in the table should be selected (or more than one) and zoom icon should be picked. The table view will temporarily disappear, selected element(s) will be shown and table view will reappear after ENTER. Zoom scale can be changed to proper value (current one is 1.5). Selecting parts of the network in table view By default, when table view is initially started, all elements of the network are shown. To better inspect some parts of the network it is necessary to restrict 14

number of elements which are shown inside of table view. It can be done by Topology Selection Button.

When that button is picked, the pop-down list is opened, from which different options are available. It is possible to select one or more channels/arrays, one or more branches, current system (the whole system) or to use AutoCAD selection. Select the option of Array and pick in the drawing close to main channel (that one which is defined the first). Table view will show just sections of that channel. Use different options of selecting different parts of the network. Default table view, with all elements in the system, can be achieved by using option Current System. Applying of different style In the Urbano it is possible to define arbitrary number of styles. Styles can be used to emphasize some elements of the system (as result of some query or similar). In the drawing there are two styles defined, one for the sections (Yellow Thick) and one for the nodes (Yellow Circle). Let's say that we would like to emphasize the 5 longest sections in the drawing. Firstly sort the table view according to length (Section length), select the first 5 sections, from the Style pop-down list choose Yellow Thick and start the brush icon right to style list. The table view will temporary disappear and selected sections are colored by thick yellow line. With the ENTER key table will appear again. Style can be erased with the appropriate button right to previous button or from the Workspace later on.

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Showing of table view as AutoCAD table Any table view can be transferred to AutoCAD drawing area by using well known AutoCAD table. Start the appropriate table view, select just main channel with Topology Selection Button (option Array) and pick icon for table definition in the table view. Choose table style StudioARS_1. After that it is necessary to define the position of the table in the drawing. Table with all values appears in the drawing area, like in picture:

Start the preview for the nodes and repeat some or all actions which are described for table view of the sections.

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5. Editing of network
Drawn network can be modified with a lot algorithms and procedures. All necessary modifications can be performed with intelligent procedures. It is not possible to use plain AutoCAD command for modification of the network. Only Urbano commands can be used. Editing functions are divided according to topology elements. Topology in Urbano is organized through following elements: nodes, sections, arrays, branches and systems. Nodes are basically manholes in water supply system. Sections represents pipes which connects two manholes. Branch is sequence of sections from the beginning/end to junction of three or more pipes. Arrays represent channels (sequence of branches). The system is overall definition of the network. Much more about topology in Urbano can be read from separate document. Changing the names of the arrays In the editing we will do just some basic operations. First of all we will change the names of arrays and nodes. To see existing array names we will start theme mappings according to arrays. Start appropriate configuration of thematic mapping Arrays (Theme mappings -> Sections -> Arrays (DC)). On the dialog switch on the option for definition of legend position, and press Show. Position the legend on appropriate place. The picture should look like bellow:

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Program colored the network elements according to array/channel definition. The array names are generic ones and we would like to change those names. RC on Editing in Workspace and pick on Edit Arrays. The next dialog appears:

From the pop-down list of Edit mode select Rename option. With Arrays selection button select from the drawing transport channel which has name N7 the channel which we drew the first (the upper red one on previous picture -colors and names can vary in your example). Selection is performed by simply

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clicking close to the channel. For the new name type TRANS1. Repeat the procedure for all other channels/arrays. The next is the blue channel A82 which has to be renamed as TRANS2. Channels/arrays N18 (magenta) renamed RING4, A72 (cyan) renamed RING3, N48 (white) renamed RING2, A49 (red) renamed RING1, A58 (yellow) renamed V1, A65 (green) renamed V2, N28 (black) renamed V3 and N36 (grey) renamed V4. After renaming start again thematic mapping according to arrays, to see the difference (drawing was not update automatically). Drawing should look like bellow:

Changing the node names When network was initially defined, program automatically created the node names. To change the node names there are special functions in the software. Start editing of nodes by RC on Editing in Workspace, and choose Edit nodes. Changing the node names can be performed in different ways. It is possible to change the names node by node interactively or use some automatic ways of renaming. You should select the option Rename-by arrays/branches. That option is very convenient and frequently used in water supply design. Node names will be created with the prefix of channel name and counter.

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With Topology Selection Button choose Current System. Be sure that option Arrays (Names by branches/arrays) is selected. In the list of array names, select array TRANS1 and with the button Move UP on the right side, move it to the first position. In the Prefix edit box type sign @ and point .. That means that the name of every node will be created of array name, dot and counter. Press the button Set parameters (on the right side of edit box which defining prefixes and suffixes). The dialog should look like:

After button Apply is pressed, program automatically changes all the node names. In the drawing, zoom in, and inspect how the labels of nodes are updated, as shown on bellow picture:

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Start thematic mapping to update the legend (it is not done automatically). After editing the picture should be like:

That drawing is saved under name 03 Modified Network.dwg.

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Erasing of network elements If necessary, functions for erasing of any network element are available. It is possible to erase nodes, sections, branches or arrays. It is not permitted to erase network elements by AutoCAD Erase command. We will erase some elements in the array/channel V1. The command for editing nodes should be started (Pick Editing in Workspace -> RC->Edit nodes). From the top pop-down list select Erase. From Topology Selection Button, select the option Node and then in the drawing, select the node V1.1. In the erase mode options, activate option Erase outlet section. After applying, node V1.1 is erased and nodes V1.2 and RING4.3 are connected by single section. Erasing of the nodes can be repeated or more than one node can be selected. Start from the Workspace command for editing of sections (Editing (RC) -> Edit Sections). From the top pop-down list select action Erase. Open Topology Selection Button, select option Multiple Sections, and from the drawing select the first two sections of the channel V1. Be sure that option Do not erase nodes is switched off. After applying, selected sections are erased, together with free nodes which belong to erased sections only (nodes which will not be connected to any section if sections are erased) Start the command for editing of arrays (Workspace ->Editing (RC) -> Edit arrays). From the top pop-down list select action Erase. With the button Array select, select the array V1 (the three sections which remained). Be sure that option Do not erase nodes is switched off. After applying the whole V1 array is erased.

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6. Longitudinal sections
Calculation of node terrain elevations When the basic network is defined it is possible to calculate terrain elevations in the manholes and draw longitudinal sections. In the beginning of the tutorial we defined DTM with Civil 3D. Calculation of terrain elevations will be based on defined DTM. Start the command for calculation of terrain elevations (Workspace -> Input data (RC) -> Terrain height). There are several options to calculate terrain elevation. From the top pop-down list select the option Using digital terrain model. From Topology Selection Button select option Current system. To use appropriate DTM select from available options, Civil 3D 2010. In the pop down list, beneath to DTM program, already defined DTM should appear (the name of the surface which you defined with Civil 3D). Switch on option for Create additional points automatically. Press the button Save. After that terrain elevations are calculated in all nodes/manholes of the network. Dialog should look like:

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If zoom in to the drawing, it is visible that node labels show appropriate terrain elevations:

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If we start the preview for the nodes, 0 Nodes Geometry (Workspace -> Previews -> Section Nodes -> 0 Nodes Geometry (DC)), we can see that all the nodes have terrain elevation.

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Drawing of longitudinal sections When network is defined and terrain elevations are calculated it is possible to draw longitudinal sections. Start the drawing of longitudinal sections by using predefined longitudinal section configuration Water 500/100 (Workspace ->Long Sections -> Water 500/100 (DC)). When configuration is started the following dialog appears:

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By using Topology Selection Button select Current system. All other option define as in previous picture. Press the button Draw and choose appropriate position of longitudinal sections. Longitudinal sections should be drawn, as shown on next picture:

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Longitudinal sections are drawn upon channel definition. That assumption can be easily avoided if necessary. On the dialog for drawing of longitudinal sections, open Topology Selection Button and select option From node to node. Select then the first node of channel TRANS1 (TRANS1.1) and move the mouse along the channel TRANS1 to channel RING1 . Then move the mouse to the end of channel RING1 to the node RING1.9. When mouse moves, program automatically calculates the defined path and shows it in the tooltip. When reach the last node of main channel, pick on it and press Enter. On the dialog of longitudinal section should be new record in the area of selected longitudinal sections. Press button Draw and position the longitudinal section somewhere in the drawing. You will have the fifth longitudinal section which is little bit longer than previous ones. On bellow picture all the longitudinal sections are shown:

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Drawn longitudinal sections cannot be erased with the plain AutoCAD commands. For such purposes command for managing of longitudinal sections should be used. Start the command Workspace ->Tools (RC) -> Longitudinal section manager. The following dialog appears:

First of all, it is necessary to select longitudinal sections. It is possible to do it in a two ways. The first one is to pick in the list on specific longitudinal section(s). Use 29

usual Windows keys to make multiple selections (Ctrl, Shift+Ctrl, Ctrl-A, ...). If we are not sure for the name of section, we can select appropriate sections from the drawing, with appropriate button (Button for selecting profiles), on the right side of dialog. Select the last drawn section (TRANS1.1 RING1.9) and erase it with appropriate button. The drawing with longitudinal sections is saved under name 04 Longitudinal Sections.dwg.

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7. Intersection analysis
Very often the line of new infrastructure should cross existing infrastructure of the same or different type. For example new water supply pipe should be laid down above existing sewage or gas pipe. There are some rules which define necessary positions of different infrastructures. For example water supply pipe should be above the sewage pipe, gas and sewage should be on enough distance and so on. Of course, pipes cannot cross each other. For such kind of analysis Urbano software offers intersection analysis. We will analyze position of drawn water supply pipe with sewage pipe. First of all, to emphasize important issues, please simplify existing drawing. Erase thematic mapping if exists, by RC on Theme mappings in the panel and select erasing (Theme mappings (RC)->Remove theme mappings (configuration stays intact)). Erase all the labels in the drawing (Labels (Network topology) (RC)-> Remove labels from drawing (label configuration stay intact)). Create new sewage system. Click on the Main Workspace on the New button Sewage. Like on the picture shown below. Program creates new system, which will be used for sewage.

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Urbano software can operate with multiple systems. In one moment only one system can be current. Right now we have two systems, one for water supply and the second one for sewage. Switching between systems is made by pop-down list on the top of the panel. Right now the system Sewage is active and current. If system Water is selected, from the pop down list on the top, we will make Water active. Make Sewage active. When new system is created, the new group of the layers is created. Lets make some changes in layer definition. Open AutoCAD layer control. You can see the new group of the layers which names start with Sewage_. Select layer Sewage_AT_Sections_3, which is of red color, and change Lineweight to thick one (0.3). Inside of layer dialog switch on the layer 4_Intersection_Sewage. Close the layer dialog. Close to drawn water supply system of blue color, the red 3D polyline appears which show the position of sewage pipes. Now we will pass through procedure of defining sewage system with all necessary parameters. 1. Definition of the network. Be sure that Sewage system is active. Start command for converting of AutoCAD lines/polylines to network topology, according to below picture:

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Start command Conversion of AutoCAD elements, and from dialog which appears select the red polyline (button Select drawing elements), which are close to water supply system. Press Enter and the next dialog box is shown:

Fill the Options form like in the picture above (Check the check box near the Terrain from Z coordinate). After pressed the Convert button the next picture is shown:

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2. Pipe invert level. It is unusual that pipe depth of sewage system is defined on constant value, but for this example will be used. Start the definition of the pipe invert from the panel (Input data (RC) -> Level line elevation). From the dialog, in the upper part select option Constant depth below terrain. Define that level line position is upper outer point (that means that the highest point of pipeline is 4 m below terrain). Define Depth below terrain as 4. From Topology selection button select the current system and press the button Save. Dialog should look like:

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3. Diameter definition. We will simply, without any calculation (lets say that sewage system already exists), define one single diameter for the whole sewage network. From the panel start command for pipe definition Input data (RC) ->Pipes. Input type should be All, pipe group select SO_PEHD_SN8, and for diameter select 355 mm (NO 355 PEHD_SN8_355). From Topology selection button select the Current system and press the button Save. All diameters are defined. The dialog should look like:

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Through 3 steps, which are described, we defined all important and necessary data for the sewage system. The geometry, topology and terrain elevation is defined from AutoCAD 3D polylines, pipe elevations are defined on constant depth and one diameter (355 mm) is defined for the whole system. Start table views to check all the data or labeling to see values in the nodes and sections. All actions are always applied on current system. To check if all the data are correctly defined, draw the longitudinal sections for the whole sewage network. Start the drawing of sections from the panel Long Sections -> Sewage 500/100 (DC), select the whole system and

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draw three channels in a one column right to already drawn sewage longitudinal sections, as shown on below picture:

The whole idea of that example is to calculate crosses between sewage and water distribution system. Before definition of pipe invert of water supply system, we would like to have sewage pipes drawn in the longitudinal section of water supply system. Sewage pipes should be drawn on correct position (elevation, station) in longitudinal sections, so when we would like to define water supply pipe invert, we will have information about existing sewage pipes. With that information we can successfully avoid clashes. To calculate intersections the appropriate command from the panel should be started. Make water supply system active. Start the command Draw (RC) -> Draw intersection points. Dialog for intersections appears. System which will be intersected is Water. System which will intersect is Sewage (choose it from pop-down list). Intersection label will be 3 Intersection. The dialog should look like:

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When the button Draw is pressed, program calculates all intersections between two systems (water and sewage), and label them with available data. The picture is like below:

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Intersections are calculated on every cross between sewage (red color) and water (blue color). Label shows only terrain elevation on that position and difference between pipe invert of water and sewage. Because sewage pipe invert is still not defined Ld value basically shows only depth of pipe invert of water (top of the water pipe). Later on, when sewage pipe is defined with pipe invert and diameter, the label will show physical distance between pipes. That distance will be base for analyzing if infrastructures are crossed on correct distance. In the same moment in longitudinal sections of sewage, crossing water pipes are drawn, as shown on below picture:

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The detail view of one pipe is shown on below picture

Now we have conditions for effective definition of pipe invert level of water supply system. To emphasize the water supply system, the sewage system should be invisible. Press the button of light bulb on the top of panel, to make sewage system invisible, as shown on below picture

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Make the water supply system current (from pop down list on the top of the panel). The drawing is saved under name 5 Intersections.dwg.

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8. Definition of pipe invert

In Urbano Canalis we use in the same time terms pipe level line and pipe invert. Pipe level line can be any point in cross section of the pipe as shown on below picture:

Because Urbano should serve all pipe infrastructure objects, any possible idealization of the pipe by one line is possible. Bottom inner level line corresponds to pipe invert. Pipe invert line can be defined in many ways. It is possible to define it interactively, by constant depth, or by setting elevation/depth. All the possibilities are available through the command, Draw level line in longitudinal sections, which can be found in Workspace ->Long Sections (RC)-> Draw level line in longitudinal sections. When the command is started, select from upper pop-down list method of defining level line. Select option Depth below terrain. After that from the bellow pop-down list select longitudinal section on which definition of level line should be made. Select the longitudinal section RING1. Selection can be done from pop-down list or by using button for interactive selection. All the defined options are visible from the bellow picture:

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Level line can be selected, just for one part of longitudinal section, from the beginning to the ending station. Leave the limiting stations as they are, from the beginning to the end of the selected profile. Define the depth as 1.2 m. Pick in the drawing area to see drawn level line. Zoom in longitudinal section RING1 and see position of the water pipe invert concerning sewage pipes which cross the water pipe. It is visible that pipe invert of water is above the sewage pipes. Later on when diameters will be calculated, the real distance between water and sewage pipes can be inspected. Repeat the procedure of pipe invert definition on constant depth for the longitudinal section RING2 , RING3, RING4, V1, V2, V3, TRANS1, TRANS2 (select profile and apply level line definition on depth of 1.2 m by Draw). For the longitudinal section of the channel V4, we will interactively define pipe invert level. If the dialog is not active, start the command for definition of pipe invert level in longitudinal section (Workspace ->Long Sections (RC)-> Draw level line in longitudinal sections). In the dialog, from the top pop-down list select the option Interactive-2. With the button for interactive selection of longitudinal section, select longitudinal section Main. The dialog should look like:

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Additionally, to better define the vertical position of the pipe invert, two lines (parallels to terrain) can be shown. The first one is to indicate minimum depth, and the second one maximum depth. Those lines do not put any restrictions, just give information. Start the definition of the pipe invert by picking on the beginning of the longitudinal section (station 0+00.00), node RING1.7. Program always snap to the closest vertical line manhole/node. When the line is dragged, the tooltip shows all relevant information (Terrain elevation, Level line elevation, Level line depth, Slope). Pick consecutively appropriate positions of the pipe invert, until reach the end. Take care that position of invert is above the sewage pipes which are drawn in longitudinal section.

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After definition the picture is like below:

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Editing the level line Initial definition of pipe invert level can be modified if necessary. For editing of pipe invert in longitudinal sections, there is special command (Long sections (RC)-> Edit level line in longitudinal sections). Start the command. There are lot of actions which can be made with that command. Pipe invert cannot be modified by using AutoCAD commands. Through the command it is possible to delete part or whole level line, to straighten the level line (when level line is initially defined on constant depth below terrain, it is usual to straighten some parts), to insert cascade manholes, to move nodes of level line and so on. We will change the vertical position of some nodes. From the upper pop down list select option Move level line node. Select longitudinal section RING3. When one node of level line is to be moved, question is how many nodes on the left and on the right will be moved together. The simplest case is that neighboring nodes are fixed and that only middle node is moved (case 1). But, also it is possible to move more than one node together with the move of one node (case 2). Basically, there is question of fixed nodes. Those two cases are shown on below picture:

In case 1, yellow and magenta vertical lines (A and C) are positioned on neighboring nodes to node which should be vertically moved (red line B). Node 46

should be moved from the position p1 to position p2. In the second case fixed nodes are moved more outer, and neighboring nodes to node B will be moved also, according to distance to fixed nodes (A and C). In the command for editing of the nodes, yellow and magenta lines should be carefully placed on appropriate node (A and C). We will try to move node RING3.6, and define that fixed node are nodes RING3.5 and RING3.7. Yellow line should be on RING3.5 and magenta on RING3.7. In the below part of dialog choose that you will define new depth of the node. Define in the dialog or graphically by icon appropriate depth. In that example we will define 3 m. You can see that depth of the nodes RING3.5 and RING3.7 will not be changed. See the picture below:

Press the Edit button to accomplish defined change. Now, when you are still in the command, define that left fixed node is RING3.2, right fixed node is RING3.4, and that you would like to move node RING3.3. To define the new node depth use the interactive depth command like in the picture below.

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Set new node depth slightly below the existing level line.

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Press button Edit to make appropriate change.

When the level line is needed to be straight from one point to another, the command for Straightening by line can be used. In the next few steps will be shown how to do that. First, like in previous actions start the command (Long sections (RC)-> Edit level line in longitudinal sections). Select input type Straightening by line and all other parameters like in the picture below:

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Select the longitudinal section RING4, Starting node RING4.7, Ending node RING3.7, all other parameters stays intact and select Edit. The explanation of the dialog box is shown in the picture below:

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Inspection of level line elevations When we initially defined the network in layout, we did choose the node label which has only values of terrain elevations and node names. When pipe invert is defined, it is possible to label in the layout pipe invert levels too. Double click on the label configuration 2 Name Terrain Invert (Workspace -> Labels (Network topology) -> Nodes -> 2 Name Terrain Invert). With the Topology selection button select current system and press key Show. All the nodes are labeled with the appropriate label. Pipe invert levels (level line elevations) can be inspected through appropriate table views (Previews). Start the table view 0 Section Geometry (Workspace -> Previews -> Sections -> 0 Section Geometry (DC)). In that table view, the level line elevations of every section are shown.

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The drawing is saved with the name 06 Pipe Invert Level.dwg.

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9. Dynamic model
In Urbano, family of pipe infrastructure software, the complete dynamic model is implemented. That means, that any changes performed in layout view will initiate appropriate changes in longitudinal sections and vice versa. Divide the screen to two vertical views, by using AutoCAD command from menu: View -> Viewports -> New Viewports. Select the option Two: Vertical. In one view, zoom in to the layout of the network system, and in another one, zoom to longitudinal sections, as shown on bellow picture:

Zoom in to the channel TRANS1 (the blue one). The nodes TRANS1.4 and TRANS1.5 should be visible. We will insert two new nodes between nodes TRANS1.4 and TRANS1.5.To perform that, the command for editing nodes should be started (Workspace ->Editing (RC) -> Edit Nodes). From the top pop-down list select the option Insert node. By using Topology Selection Button select the section between nodes TRANS1.4 and TRANS1.5. With the button for defining of new position, define the position of the new node, approximately on the third of the section. For the node name type the name NEW1. The dialog should look like:

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Repeat the procedure and insert the node NEW2, between nodes NEW1 and TRANS1.5. After that operation, the layout should be similar to below picture:

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Zoom to the middle sections of longitudinal section TRANS1. You can see that longitudinal section is automatically updated, as shown on bellow picture:

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Now we will change the names of the nodes of channel TRANS1, to have predefined order TRANS1.1, TRANS1.2, ... Start the command for editing nodes (Workspace->Editing (RC) -> Edit nodes). From the top pop-up list select the option Rename by arrays/branches. With Topology selection button select array/channel TRANS1. Define in the list that prefix is consist of name of the array/channel and . (TRANS1. ). Press the button Apply twice to reset the number of nodes (the first change cannot use counter 1, because it is occupied). You can see that node names are changed in both views, layout and longitudinal sections. In the later chapters we will do a lot changes which will show how complete dynamic model functions. The result of that chapter can be compared with the drawing 07 Dynamic Model.dwg.

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10.

Diameter definition

In Urbano Hydra, the hydraulic calculation is performed for one defined diameter of the water pipe. In this chapter we will define the diameter for transportation pipes and for distribution pipes. If the Thematic mapping is not active start the command and show the legend of drawn arrays.

The next step is to define the diameters. Channels TRANS1 and TRANS2 are the transportation channels from the reservoir and the tank to the consumers and their diameter will be set as 225 mm. Channels V1, V2, V3, V4, RING1, RING2, RING3, RING4 are distribution channels and their diameter will be set as 110 mm. To do so start the command (Workspace->Input data (RC) -> Pipes). The dialog should look like this:

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Select the W_PEHD_PE80_PN6 pipe group and NO 225 PEHD_PE80_PN6_225 pipe diameter and with the toplogy selection button select the first group of channels mentioned above. After that press the Save button and pipe diameters are set. For the second group of channels mentioned above repeat the procedure but for pipe diameter select NO_110 PEHD_PE80_PN6_110. The water pipe diameters are set and the drawing is saved under the name 08 Diameter definition.dwg.

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11.

Definition of hydraulic schemes

Till now all actions performed did not included any Urbano Hydra toolbar. Now will be shown the main Workspace of the Urbano Hydra module:

In this chapter will be defined the equipment of special nodes of the water supply network. To do that start from the Hydra Main Workspace the Node equipment toolbar. The scheme of this hydraulic network is shown on the picture below:

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In the Node equipment toolbar, like on the picture below, select Single type mode of defining node equipment and from the Topology selection button select node named TRANS1.1. In the node equipment dialog box select Reservoir and press the Apply button. Node equipment changed. The same procedure is for node TRANS1.2 which equipment is a PUMP, and for node TRANS1.7 which is a Tank. Now the water supply network is defined schematic.

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The drawing is saved under the name 09 Hydraulic Scheme.dwg.

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12.

Consumption calculation - inhabitants

In this chapter will be determined the demands for water that the inhabitants need from this network. Open the Urbano Hydra Main Workspace and the toolbar Demands for water. Under the tab Defining demands->Single demands->Inhabitants % enter the following parameters: Consumption par inhabitant [l/day] Actual number of inhabitants = 180 l/day = 2000

All other parameters leave intact as shown on the picture below:

With Topology selection button select Multiple arrays and select all the arrays which are in the Distribution network (RING1, RING2, RING3, RING4, V1, V2, V3, V4). With the button Data review generate input data, and by pressing the Write data button save data defined above for selected arrays. The demands for water of the distribution network of consumers are set. The drawing is saved under the name 10 Demands Water Inhabitants.dwg.

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13.

Firefighting and point demands

In this chapter will be determined the demands for water that the inhabitants need from this network. Open the Urbano Hydra Main Workspace and the toolbar Demands for water. Under the tab Defining demands->Single demands->Point/Industry enter the following parameters: Point flow (node: RING2.2) = 6 l/s = 10 l/s

Fire fighting flow (nodes: RING2.10, RING2.6 and RING3.8) The dialog for Point flow definition should look like this:

With the topology selection button select node RING2.2, set the point demand as 6 l/s and press the Save button. The point demand for node RING2.2 is set. The dialog for Fire fighting flow should look like this:

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With the topology selection button select node RING2.6, RING2.10 and RING3.8, set the number of inhabitants as 2000, press the Accept button and the firefighting demand is proposed as 10 l/s. Press the button Save to all to accept the firefighting demand and to save it for all selected nodes. The firefighting demand for nodes RING2.6, RING2.10 and RING3.8 is set. To completely define the demands for water select the Total, sum of single dialog box, with the Topology selection button select the Current system and with data provided in the dialog press the Save total demand button. The dialog should look like this:

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After having defined and saved total demands, in the same dialog box select the Demands review tab to review the set demands for every single node of the water supply network. The drawing is saved under the name 11 Demands Water Fire Point.dwg.

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14.

Definition of additional hydraulic data

In this chapter additional hydraulic data necessary to perform hydraulic calculation will be defined. Open the Urbano Hydra Main Workspace and the toolbar Network elements data. To define the tank properties under the tab Tank->TRANS1.7 define the following parameters: Initial water level: Minimum water level: Maximum water level: Nominal diameter: 4,00 m 1,00 m 5,00 m 10,00 m

Input the parameters like in the picture shown below:

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Press the Save button and the data is set.

To define the pump properties under the tab Pump->TRANS1.2 define the parameters like in the picture below: For Head/flow curve select the High_elev curve.

Press the Save button and the data is set.

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To define the section (pipe) properties under the tab Sections define the parameters like in the picture below: For roughness of all pipes set the value to 140 (for Hazen-Williams calculation method). Other calculation methods are also available (Darcy-Weisbach and Chezy-Manning) but for that methods some other roughness coefficients are necessary.

The drawing is saved under the name 12 Additional Hydraulic Data.dwg.

15.

Hydraulic calculation

During previous chapters all parameters necessary for hydraulic calculation have been defined. In this chapter the tab Compute of the Urbano Hydra main workspace will be analyzed and some basic calculation using the Hazen-Williams calculation method will be performed. Open the Urbano Hydra Main Workspace and the toolbar Compute. The dialog box now should look like this:

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After leaving all the data supplied by default and using the Hazen-Williams calculation method press the button Check data to check if the system is correct and ready to be computed. The program informs us that everything is ok and that we can proceed to perform a calculation. After performing the calculation the dialog should look like this:

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The calculation is completed and the data can be reviewed in the main StudioARS Workspace by starting the command Previews->DC (1 Section Hydraulics W and 1 Node Hydraulics W).

To clearly show the values of ending pressure in nodes start the Thematic mapping from the Main Workspace Theme mapping->Section nodes->DC (Pressures W). The drawing now should look like this:

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To inspect more deeply the flow of water in the system start the labeling from the Main Workspace by Labels->Sections->DC (Big arrow). The drawing should look like this:

The drawing is saved under the name 13 Hydraulic Calculation.dwg.

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16.

Piezometer and velocities in the system

Piezometer line in longitudinal sections can be shown very easily and it shows the elevation of the water column above the node. To show the piezometer line start the command for drawing longitudinal sections again by Long sections->DC (Water 500/100), With the topology selection button select the current system and pick the position in the drawing where the longitudinal sections will be drawn. In the drawing the red line represents the piezometer line and should look like this:

To inspect velocities in the water supply system start the Thematic mapping named Velocities W by DC on the name of the configuration. Selecting the current system with the topology selection button and pressing the button Show the sections will be colored according to the velocity of water in the pipe. It should look like this:

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The drawing is saved under the name 14 Piezometer and Velocities.dwg.

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17.

Analysis of pressures

It is recomanded to have pressures in the system between 3-7 bars (30 70 m). In this chapter the pressures in nodes will be analized and reduced to achieve the recomandations.
Remove all thematic mapping from the drawing by RC (Theme mappings)>Remove theme mappings from drawing (configurations stay intact). Start the theme mapping to analyze pressures by Theme mappings->Section nodes->DC (Pressures). As can be seen from the drawing, nodes of the array RING2 have pressure above 7 bars so they are inconvenient for the stability of the system. In the next picture are shown the ending pressures which exceed 7 bars (magenta colored nodes):

Inserting of PRV To make the system stable the pressure in the nodes has to be reduced, so in the following steps some Pressure Reducing Valves (PRV) will be introduced in the system, more specifically, some nodes of the system will be converted in PRV. To do so, from the Main Workspace RC (Editing)->Edit nodes. The dialog should look like this:

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Select editing mode Node type. With the Topology selection button select nodes RING1.6, V1.3, V2.3 and RING3.6. Press Enter. Check the box near Node equipment and with the dropdown dialog select the node type Valve pressure reducing type. Pressing on the button Apply the change of node type is done. After editing the node type the node should look like this:

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The next step is to define the properties of the PRVs. This will be done by opening the Urbano hydra main workspace from the tab Network elements data by selection the Valve Pressure reducing, (PRV) 1. The dialog box is shown below:

The parameters which have to be set are the Valve diameter [mm] =120 mm and Pressure [m] = 25 m, which we want to be reduced. Press the Save button to save the changes. Perform again the Hydraulic calculation (like described in chapter 15 Hydraulic Calculation) and start the Theme mapping named Pressures like described before. Now the pressures in nodes should be in range of stability (3 - 7 bars). The drawing is saved under the name 15 Node Pressures PRV.dwg.

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18.

Querying

When designing of bigger network is an issue, there is lot of elements defined. All of them have many data. Some of data could be very important for functioning of the system. So, it is very useful to define various types of queries, which can help in searching of network system. Query procedure is incorporated in Urbano software. It is possible to create any kind of query and to create set of elements which satisfy query conditions. Conditions can be both attribute and spatial. Conditions can be connected and joined with different operators (AND, OR, NOT). Any query can be saved for later use. In the example we will create one query. When hydraulic calculation is performed, it is very important to see which are minimum velocities in the system. For example we would like to see if there are sections with the velocity less than 1 m/s. Start creating of new query from Main Workspace (Queries (RC) -> New). The query definition dialog appears:

Define the name of the query in the edit box for the name definition. Define it as Velocity less than 0.3. With the Data Picker, from the group of Water hydraulic data select the value Velocity. DC on that value, to transfer it to the right part of dialog. From the pop-down list of operators choose operator less

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(<). In edit box for limiting value type 0.3 (stands for 1 m/s). Press button ADD to add defined condition to the list. From the list of table views, select table view 1 Section Hydraulics W. Table view of all network sections will appear with the hydraulic values. Press the StormLight button and start the query. Results of query are shown in the table views, where only sections which satisfy the condition are shown. In the example only three sections have velocity less than 0.3 m/s. Press button OK to save the query and to exit. Defined query appears in the Main Workspace. Defined query can be used in variety of ways and in different procedures. The best way is to use it with drag and drop procedure. Take the query and drag it to the style definition Yellow Thick. After picking in the screen, sections which satisfy the query condition become yellow (definition of style). If you drag and drop query definition to any table view definition, appropriate table view will be started and will show only elements which satisfy set condition (same with labeling).

Erase the style applied in the drawing (Styles (RC) -> Remove styles from drawing (style configurations stay intact))

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Now edit the defined query (pick on query Velocity less than 0.3 (RC) > Edit). In the grid of dialog where condition is defined, pick on value Dynamic entry, and change the value from No to Yes. Just save with OK the changed configuration. Again drag defined query and drop it to section style Yellow Thick. Now, because we set that condition value is dynamic, the new dialog appears. In that dialog new value can be defined. For example type 0.6 instead of 0.3 which was initially defined. With that functionality it is possible to create one query condition with different values, which sometimes could be very useful The drawing with queries defined is saved under name 16 Query.dwg.

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19.

Definition of manholes/structures

When we created the network, we draw pipes and nodes. Nodes are basically AutoCAD blocks and pipes are AutoCAD lines. During the network definition, network topology is automatically created. One of the basic topology rules is that section has to have node at the beginning and at the end. But we do not define at all any function or manhole type. All types of manholes are stored in manhole catalog. According to initial procedure you did copy examples of all catalogs. The position of Catalog button, Manhole catalog is shown in the picture below:

When select the Manhole catalog, the next dialog appears:

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You can create your own group of manholes, based on 8 offered types, by following the next procedure: 1. Pick on root item in the catalog (Catalog Disk). The Create new group button becomes accessible (or RC and Add new group). Pick on it and define the new group with the name (My Manhole Group) 2. Pick on newly created group, My Manhole Group. From the pop-down list of possible manhole types select appropriate one. To properly select, select in the list certain type and press Info button. The picture with appropriate type will appear. Pick on Create of new item button (or RC and Add new item) and type the name of first item in the group (Manhole_1). Be careful, all dimensions are in meters. 3. In the right part of dialog (Parameters for selected types ...) define appropriate values. When any dimension is selected in the list, the value is shown in the picture with different color. 4. Create additional item in the group by using button to create new item as copy of previous one. Change the name of the new item and modify dimensions. If it is necessary repeat the procedure of creating new groups and new items in the groups. In Urbano 7 all the definition of elements (pipes, trenches, ...) are defined in the same dialog with very similar user interface. All definitions are stored in catalogs on disk ( XML files in installation folder). If any definition is used in the drawing

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(for example if some pipes are defined for network sections), those configurations are transferred to the drawing and save with the usual AutoCAD save. That approach ensures compatibility when drawing is opened by another user, on different computer, where there is not the same catalog. All configurations will be visible in the drawing. Start from the Main Workspace command for definition of manholes data (Workspace -> Input (RC) -> Set manhole data). Dialog looks like:

With the Topology Selection Button select the option Multiple Nodes and select nodes TRANS1.1, TRANS1.2, TRANS1.11, RING1.3, RING1.5, RING1.7, RING1.9, RING2.3, RING2.6, RING2.10, RING3.1, RING3.5, RING3.8, RING4.3, RING4.4, RING4.6, V1.2, V1.4, V2.2 and V2.4. From the top pop-down list, with the available manhole types, select manhole type Rectangular manhole circular hole, item 100 x 100 70 x 70. For the manhole label, from the pop-down list bellow select Name1 configuration. All other parameters leave as they are and press the button Save. To check data in the drawing, press the Info button, and move the mouse pointer over nodes of the system. Notice that manholes are drawn in longitudinal sections too. The drawing is saved under name 17 Manholes.dwg. 82

20.

Definition of trench

Similar to manholes, trench configuration should be made in catalog. If you press Catalog Button and select Pipe trench catalog, dialog with some configurations is opened, as shown on next picture:

The dialog is identical to manhole catalog. If you find necessary try to create one group of trenches with few different trenches. In general, from pop-down list of Available templates, there are several types which have different type of bed (sand, concrete) and single or double trench. All dimensions should be defined for each item in the group. Close the catalog group and start command for definition of trench (Workspace -> Input data(RC) -> Define trench). When the command is started the next dialog appears:

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With the Topology Selection Button, select the option Multiple arrays and then select in the drawing channels/arrays V1, V2, V3 and V4. For all section in that selection, from the Trench group pop-down list select group Single trench sand bed B=1m. In that group select trench with the angles of 80 degrees. Press button Save to define trench. Again with Topology Selection Button, select the option Array and select in the drawing channels/arrays TRANS1, TRANS2, RING1, RING2, RING3 and RING4. For those channels choose trench group Single trench sand bed B=1m, and specific trench Angle 90. Press button Save to define trench. Use Info button, move it over sections of different channels and see how tool-tip automatically shows current configuration. In addition to basic trench, the upper levels can be defined. Upper level is stayed for parallel to terrain which can consist of several layers. For example we can define upper level asphalt, which can consist of two levels.

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The upper layers should be defined for the system. Start the command for definition of upper layers (Input data (RC) -> Set upper layer). The next dialog appears:

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Define Asphalt 12 cm upper layer from the pop-down list on the top. That layer is basically consisted of two layers (5+7). With Topology Selection Button select the active system (all the sections will have the same upper layer). Press the button Save to make upper layer definition. Pay attention to longitudinal sections. If you are not satisfied with the style, you can change it through editing of longitudinal section table. Defined trench for specific section can be drawn in real scale. Start prepared configuration Cross Section 1 (Workspace -> Cross Sections ->Cross Section 1 (DC)). When configuration is started the next dialog appears:

With the Topology Selection Button, select the array RING1. In the below list switch on the option to draw the cross section in nodes. The yellow lines, which show the position of the cross sections appear on RING1 channel. Press the Draw button and position the cross sections somewhere in the drawing. 86

When several points are defined, it is possible to draw cross sections in any kind of matrix. After button Draw is pressed, the cross sections are drawn. The layout of cross sections can be change if configuration for cross sections are editing and change (Cross Section 1).

The drawing with the trench definition is saved under name 18 Trench.dwg.

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21.

Calculation of excavation

Calculation of excavation gives to the user detailed specification of quantities (volumes) for defined trench. Calculation of excavation in Urbano is organized on fly. That means that there is no results saved but whenever report or review with the values of excavation is called, excavation volumes are calculated again. With that dynamic behavior is satisfied. In the panel, under review configuration there is one configuration defined, 4 Excavations (Workspace -> Previews -.> Sections -> 4 Excavations). If you double click on that configuration the next dialog appears:

If you would like to have report only for one channel, with the Topology Selection Button select appropriate channel. The result can be transfer to any Windows application by simply copy and paste procedure. Another possibility is to define configuration for direct report to external file. Pick in panel on Excavation report (RC) -> New. The dialog for definition of report appears. In the upper part define the name of configuration as Excavation to Excel. From pop-down list select instead of Text file, Excel file. With Data Picker Button select values which should be written to the file (now select all of them). The dialog should look like below:

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Press the OK button to save that configuration. Double click on saved configuration for export of excavation. The next dialog appears:

Define the name and folder for Excel file. Select the current system from the Topology Selection Button. The grouping should be according to Arrays. With the OK create the Excel file. Excel file should look like below:

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The finished drawing is saved under name 19 Excavation.dwg

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22.

Manhole schemes

In Urbano Hydra it is possible to draw different types of manhole schemes. It is possible to draw plan view, section view and unfolded manhole. Which schemes should be drawn and in which way can be defined in configuration (Main panel > Manhole schemes). In the drawing there is one configuration defined. It is called ManholeScheme. Double click on it and the next dialog appears:

Select with Topology Selection Button current system, and define that schemes should be drawn for all types of nodes. In the example program found 72 nodes and arranged them into matrix of 8 x 9. Accept everything and press the button Draw. Program draws temporary boundaries of the schemes which help to position the schemes. Position the schemes. The next picture appears:

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Inspect all details of drawn schemes and try with changing of configuration modify something. Drawing is saved under name 20 Schemes.dwg.

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