Please read through BGS report 1.5 (in dropbox).

And try to formulate your points according to the format of the above report. Sandra- Intro: Write your points according to -Philosophy -Religion -Cultural experience -Law Issues: Write your points according to -Overview -B perspective -G perspective -S perspective Appendixes: -Formulate interview qns Intro: (renlong) Issue 1: Compromising quality to cut down on cost price - Mix leftover beer w new beer to serve cust - Sumboca instead of Bacardi (waterfall) - B52, Cerlo, Barley, Bacardi 151 - Cheaper Liquor Base, vodka (Sex on the Beach) (tse siong)Issue 2: Premium prices (wanying and natalie)Issue 3: Objectifying women - B pressurize performers to dress v little, so that cust will buy drinks from them.

Sandra- Intro:

Ethical Norms

Common set of morals Judge By Different Stakeholders Societys practices Singaporean context No common framework Not all right or all wrong Hard to determine (Middle) Resolving Ethical Disputes or for reaching agreement Pacifying Different Viewpoints Evaluate How is it correct? How is it not correct?

Conventionalist Ethics is the view that business is like a game, in which lower ethics are permissible, as long as the law is not violated (Steiner & Steiner, 2011, p229). Ethical relativism is defined as the theory that ethical values are created by cultural experiences. Different cultures may create different values and there is no universal standard by which to judge which values are superior (Steiner & Steiner, 2011, p197).

Overview Over the past decade, there had been an influx of Filipino foreign workers coming to Singapore as maids. This has led to a rise in the number of Filipino pubs, which are e In this report, we will be looking at Filipino pubs in Lucky Plaza, one of Filipino womens favourite haunts. We will be focusing on Alrish Pub, Marissa Phillipino Pub and Platinum World Music to give a general representation of the Filipino pub industry. Introduction Methodology We will be taking the conventional approach as we think that these pubs best fits the Conventionalist Ethic principle. Pub owners operate their business based on the Conventionalist Ethic principle that Business is like a game with permissive ethics and any action that does not violate the law is permitted[3]. By adopting this principle, these entertainment entities have raised ethical issues such as compromised quality, solicitation

and objectification of women. We will be discussing these issues further from the viewpoints of the entity, society and government as well as provide recommendations on how to alleviate the respective concerns.

Scope We define society as the general public, the entity as the business owner and its management (tse siong)Issue 2: Premium prices
Overview Non-disclosure of premium prices is a common practice in many establishments, and in many cases, it leads to unaware customers being subjected to exorbitant prices. This applies to Filipino Pubs as well, for customers are charged high premiums when buying drinks from waitresses instead of the bartenders. While some regular patrons are aware of this difference through word-of-mouth; new customers who are unaware of this pricing are paying a noticeably higher price for the same product. From our interview with the managers from Platinum World Music and Marissa Philipino Pub, waitresses charge up to 4 times the 1 basic price of some drinks . This is further compounded by the practice of not putting out drink menus, which the above two surveyed pubs are also doing. Alrish Pub was the only pub out of the three that puts its drink prices on display, but only indicates happy-hour and normal hour prices for certain drinks. Laws The absence of pricing regulations prohibiting this practice allows pubs to charge subjective rates. Customers are responsible for their own financial decisions. Ethicality Society The opinions of pub goers and non-pub goers would represent societys view on this practice. Every customer prefers to enjoy cheaper prices, and it is unsettling to be paying a substantially higher price than another customer who bought the same product. Society does accept that ethical standards can be compromised when there are potential benefits from being aware of cheaper prices. However, it does not encourage this practice. Business All businesses aim to maximize profits and minimize costs, thus charging a higher price to unknowing customers helps to boost business revenues. They would choose to conceal a lower price available as some unaware customers are willing to purchase at a higher price. Also, customers health or personal safety are not being put at risk directly; hence businesses are willing to compromise on ethical standards to follow this practice. Individual

This practice hinges on the willing buyer, willing seller concept, but it is also based on the unfamiliarity of customers to the pubs. Even though customers should ask for the drinks price before ordering, their unfamiliarity of the practices in Filipino Pubs may have caused them to choose not to. A typical jug of beer from the bartender costs $28, while waitresses at Marissa Philipino Pub charge $50 2 for the same drink . Unaware customers could be uninformed of the prices due to the lack of drink menus and signs displayed. There are also some who are aware but yet chose to purchase from the waitresses. However, it does not mean that because the practice is acceptable, it is ethical as well. The business viewpoint is not aligned with societys viewpoint. Conventionalist Ethics applies in this case. Recommendation We would recommend that businesses show customers the price menus depicting the differentiated charges upon customers request. Similarly, if customers were to enquire on the drink prices from the waitress, the waitress should reveal the premium rate she is charging and alternatively, the discounted rate should purchase be from the bartender. In this way, businesses are better conforming to societys ethical standards by making the individual aware and allowing him to make an informed decision.

(wanying and natalie)Issue 3: Objectifying women - B pressurize performers to dress v little, so that cust will buy drinks from them.
Overview Like many pubs/clubs in the world, girls as entertainers normally dress quite scantily. While there is always the available option of just dressing decently (for singers), businesses may encourage females to dress less to attract more customers through sex appeal. The case is mostly true especially for dancers, as dressing skimpily supposedly deem them more attractive. In relation, some common practices in local Singaporean clubs involve hiring scantily clad girls just to hype up the club by mingling with customers. Women here are then just seen as mere tools to encourage men to spend money and contribute to the businesses profits. While it can be argued that women are being paid for their skills and performances as entertainers, requiring them to dress little is not necessary then in this case. Business o Attract customers, in particular the male population because they are the general spenders o Extra incentive, not breaking law o (Based on business needs + uniformity does not violates employee civil rights) Society o Indecent dressing upsets moral conduct of general public o May encourage lustful behavior (?!) / indecent acts inside and outside the clubs o Sets bad example for children, even though they could not enter the place. Lucky Plaza is, nevertheless, a popular spot for families with young children since it is in Town area. Wallpapers and flyers printed with girls dressing inappropriately are readily available for children to witness.

Against principles of decent dressing in most religions But most Filipinos are Catholic/Christian, more liberal(?) Conflicts with other main religions in Singapore e.g. Islam, Buddhism o Cultural differences Filipinos are generally more open and friendly with each other unlike Singaporeans who tend to be more conserved Government o

Legal Analysis

(sandy)Appendixes: Interviews With Manager Sky: (try to formulate interview questions to supplement our issues) 1) How long have you been working here? (a start off qn)
2) Do you think your pub is different from other fillipino pub? If yes, what do you think makes your pub different from the others? If no, how do fillipino pubs operate, such as how do you all require your waitresses and bartenders to serve the customers? 3) Does your pub sell most of the drinks that other pubs also sell? Or do you all have any special drinks? 4) What about the pricing of the drinks? Are the price of the drinks the same in all the fillipino pubs in lucky plaza, or will there be any difference? Do you find the price of your drinks reasonable? Why? 5) How does your bartender prepare the drinks? Will there be any instances where he will replace the ingredients for the drinks with those of lower quality? 6) We have heard of other pubs which mixed leftover beer with new beer to serve the customers. Does your pub practice this? 7) Do you encourage your performers to mingle with the crowd after their performance or do they have get to choose whether to mingle with the customers or not? 8) Are there any rules that the performers or waitresses must follow when they are interacting with the customers? 9) Do you check if the fillipinos or other foreign workers who visit your pub have any work permit or social visit pass? 10) Do you think that your pub is encouraging soliciting activities? Do you know of any performers who provide special service? 11) Do the performers have to wear specific clothings or they get to choose what they wear? 12) Do you think it is acceptable to use sex appeal to increase sales? Is this practiced in your pub?

WIth performers: (to support issue 2) 1) How long have you been working here? How did you come across this job? 2) Do you have a contract with the pub to perform here? Are the jobscope the same as what they told you before you started on your job? Are you allow to leave if you want to or are you restricted by contractual agreements? 3) Does the pub decides on what you wear or do you get to decide on how you want to dress yourself? (if dress very sexily but not forced by the pub, then ask: Why do you choose to wear so little?) 4) Do you ever feel uncomfortable wearing such clothings for performances? 5) Are the performances decided by the pub as well? Do you have a say in how you want to present your performance? 6) Is it a must for you to interact with the customers after your performance? Does the pub have a set of guidelines on how do you have to interact with the customers? 7) Do you agree that sex appeal will attract more customers? 8) Do you know of any performers who provide other services to the customers?

- to prove that they are uncomfortable with the notion of dressing so little, but are pressurized to do so by the B. - Ask if they have a contract w the company. Can they leave if they want to?

With customers: 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) How long have you been visiting this pub? Why do you choose to visit this pub and not the other pubs? Are the prices of the drinks here reasonable? Are the drinks up to quality? Do you think it is possible for the pub to replace some of the ingredients with those of lower quality in their drinks? Do the performers dress very little/sexily everytime? Do the performers always come down to interact with you all after their performance? What do they usually do with the customers? Are there any regulations about the things that go on inside this pub? Will there be any staff around to watch what you do with the performers (if you communicate with them) and would they stop you if you go overboard?

6)

- to support Issue 1