CE 1262 Strength of material STRENGTH OF MATERIALS UNIT I PART A 1. Define Stress? 2. Define Strain? 3. State Hookes Law? 4.

4. Define Shear Stress and Shear Strain? 5. Define Modulus of Rigidity? 6. Define Poissons Ratio? 7. State the relationship between Youngs modulus and modulus of rigidity? 8. What do you understand by a compound bar? 9. What is stability? 10. Determine the Poissons ratio and bulk modulus of a material for which Youngs modulus is 1.2 x 105 N/mm2 and modulus of rigidity is 4.8 x 104 N/mm2 . 11. Give the relation for change in length of a bar hanging freely under its own weight. 12. A brass rod 2 m long is fixed at both its ends. If the thermal stress is not to exceed 76.5 N/mm2 , calculate the temperature through which the rod should be heated. Tae the values of and E as 17 x 10-6 /K and 90 GPa respectively. 13. Define Strain energy density. 14. The Youngs modulus and the Shear modulus of material are 120 GPa and 45 GPa respectively. What is its Bulk modulus? 15. Give the relationship between Bulk modulus and Youngs modulus. PART B 1. A 20 mm diameter bar was subjected to an axial pull of 40 KN and change in diameter was found to be 0.003822 mm. Find the Poissons ratio, modulus of elasticity and Bulk modulus if the shear modulus of material of the bar is 76.923 GPa. 2. Find the Value of P and the change in length of each component and the total change in length of the bar shown in Fig 3. The Composite bar shown in Fig is rigidly fixed at the ends. An axial pull of P = 15 KN is applied at B at 20 0C. Find the stresses in each material at 800C. Take s = 11 x 10-6 /0C ; a = 24 x 10-6 /0C Es = 210 KN/mm2 ; Ea = 70 KN/mm2 4. A steel plate 300 mm long, 60 mm wide and 30 mm deep is acted upon by the forces shown in Fig. Determine the change in volume Take E = 200 KN/mm2 and Poissons ratio = 0.3. 5. A bar of 30 mm x 30 mm x 250 mm long was subjected to a pull of 90 KN in the direction of its length. Then extension of the bar was found to be 0.125 mm, while the decrease in each lateral dimension was found to be 0.00375 mm. Find the Youngs modulus, Poissons ratio and rigidity modulus of the bar. 6. A steel tube 30 mm external diameter and 25 mm internal diameter encloses a gun metal rod 20 mm diameter to which it is rigidly joined at each end The temperature of the whole assembly is raised to 1500C. Find the intensity of stress in the rod when the common temperature has fallen to 200C. The value of the Youngs modulus for steel and gun metal are 2.1 x 105 N/mm2 and 1 x 105 N/mm2 respectively The Coefficient of linear expansion for steel is 12 x 10-6 /0C and for gun metal is 20 x 106 0 / C.

CE 1262 Strength of material 7. A reinforced concrete column 500 mm x 500 mm in section is reinforced with 4 steel bars of 25 mm diameter, one in each corner, the column is carrying a load of 1000 KN. Find the stresses in the concrete and steel bars. Take E for steel = 210 x 103 KN/mm2 and E for concrete = 14 x 103 KN/mm2 8. A circular rod is subjected to a pull of 60 KN. The measured extension on a gauge length of 180 mm is 0.09 mm and the change in diameter is 0.00276 mm. Calculate the Poissons ratio and the value of other moduli if Youngs modulus = 200 KN/mm2 9. Find the Stresses in each section of the bar and also find the total elongation of the bar shown in fig 10. A steel rod 5 m long and 25 mm diameter is subjected to an axial tensile load of 50 KN. Determine the change in length, diameter and volume of the rod. Take E = 2 x 105 N/mm2 and Poissons ratio = 0.30. 11. A Steel rod of 25 mm diameter is placed inside a copper tube of 30 mm internal diameter and 5 mm thickness and the ends are rigidly connected. The assembly is subjected to a compressive load of 250 KN. Determine the stresses induced in the steel rod and copper tube. Take the modulus of elasticity of steel and copper as 200 GPa and 80 GPa respectively. 12. A 25 mm diameter bar is subjected to an axial tensile load of 100 KN. Under the action of this load a 200 mm gauge length is found to extend 0.19 mm. Determine the modulus of elasticity of the material. If in order to reduce weight whilst keeping the external diameter constant, the bar is bored axially to produce a hollow cylinder of uniform thickness, what is the maximum diameter of bore possible given that the maximum allowable stress is 240 MPa? The load can be assumed to remain constant at 100 KN. What will be the change in the outer diameter of the bar under the above load? Taking Poissons ratio = 0.3, also calculate the bulk modulus and the shear modulus of the material. 13. A Circular bar of 60 mm diameter and 7 m long subjected to gradually applied load of 80 KN. Calculate i. stretch in the rod ii. Strain in the rod iii. Strain energy absorbed by the rod. Take E = 2 x 105 N/mm2. 14.A bar of 1500 m2 area and 4000 mm long is subjected to sudden application of a tensile load of uniform magnitude. The extension of the bar due to suddenly applied load is 2 mm. calculate the instantaneous stress produced and suddenly applied load. Take E = 2 x 105 N/mm2. 15. Two bars each of length L and of the same material are subjected to the same axial tensile force P. The first bar has uniform diameter 2d and the second bar has diameter d for length L/3 and a diameter 2d for remaining length. Compare the strain energies for the two bars. 16.A load of 200 N falls through a height of 20 mm onto a collar rigidly attached to the lower end of a vertical bar 2000 mm long and of 1.5 cm2 cross sectional area. The upper end of vertical bar is fixed. Find i. Maximum instantaneous stress ii. Maximum instantaneous elongation iii. Strain energy. Take E = 2 x 105 N/mm2 UNIT II PART A 1. Define Shear force and bending moment at a section. 2. What will be the SF and BM diagrams for the simply supported beam of length L subjected to a central point load W? 3. Define beam and state the different types of beams? 4. What are the types of transverse load? 5. Write down the bending equation? 6. Define Section modulus? 7. State the theory of simple bending? 8. Sketch the shear stress distribution in a beam made of hollow circular section. 9. A cantilever beam of 3 m long carries a load of 20 KN at its free end. Calculate the shear force and bending moment at a section 2 m from the free end.

CE 1262 Strength of material 10. Sketch the bending stress distribution and shear stress distribution for a beam of rectangular cross section. 11. Mention any three assumptions made in the theory of simple bending? 12. Sketch the bending moment diagram of a cantilever beam subjected to udl over the entire span. 13. Define point of contraflexure. 14. A rectangular beam 100 mm wide and 250 mm deep is subjected to a maximum shear force of 50 KN. What is the shear stress at a distance of 25 mm above the neutral axis? 15. Write down the relations for maximum shear force and bending moment in case of a cantilever beam subjected to udl running over the entire span. PART B 1. A cantilever 6 m long carries a load of 30, 70, 40 and 60 KN at a distance of 0, 0.6, 1.5 and 2.4 m respectively from the free end. Draw the SF and BM diagrams for the cantilever. 2. A beam 8m long is simply supported at the ends and carries a uniformly distributed load of 1500 N/m and three concentrated load of 1000N, 2000N and 4000N acting respectively at the left quarter point, center point and right quarter point. Draw SFD and BMD. 3. Draw the shear force and bending moment diagrams for a simply supported beam of span 9m The beam carries a UDL of 10KN/m for a distance of 6m from the left support. Find the maximum value and their position. Give the values at important points in the diagram. 4. A beam of span 8m is supported at its ends. It is loaded with a gradually varying load of 1 KN/m from the left hand support to 2KN/m to the right hand support. Construct the SFD and BMD. Also mark the salient points. 5. Draw the shear force and bending moment diagrams for the beam as shown in fig indicating principal values. 6. Draw the shear force and bending moment diagrams for the loaded beam as shown in fig. 7. A flitched timber beam consists of two joists 200 mm wide 450 mm deep with a steel plate 400 mm deep and 20 mm thick placed symmetrically between and clamped them. Calculate the total moment of resistance of the section if the allowable stress in joist is 10 Mpa. Also find the corresponding maximum stress in the steel. Take E of steel is 20 times that of wood. 8. A simply supported beam of 6m span is subjected to two point loads of each 60 N at one third span. The permissible bending stress for the beam material is 120 N/mm2. Design the beam as a rectangular section keeping breadth as half of depth. Neglect self weight of the beam. 9. An I section as shown in sketch spans two supports 5m apart. Determine the total load uniformly distributed on the entire span that the beam could carry in addition to a concentrated load of 8 KN at its centre in order that extreme fibre stress is limited to 800 N/mm2. 10. A I section beam 350 mm x 200 mm has a web thickness of 125 mm and a flange thickness of 25 mm. It carries a shearing force of 20 tonnes at a section. Sketch the shear stress distribution across the section. 11. A circular beam of 100 mm diameter subjected to shear force of 50 KN. Calculate the shear stress as per the following conditions. i. 20 mm above the neutral axis ii. 450 from horizontal neutral axis 12. A beam of length 10 m is simply supported at its ends carries two concentrated loads of 5 KN each at a distance of 3 m and 7 m from the left support and also a uniformly distributed load of 1 KN/m between the point loads. Draw the shear force and bending moment diagrams. Calculate the maximum bending moment. 13. A timber beam of rectangular section is to support a load of 20 KN uniformly distributed over a span of 3.6m, when the beam is simply supported. If the depth of the section is to be twice the breadth and the stress in the timber in not exceed 7 N/mm2, find the breadth and depth of the cross section. How

CE 1262 Strength of material will you modify the cross section of the beam, if it carries a concentrated load of 30 KN placed at the mid-span with the same ratio of breadth to depth. 14. Draw the SFD and BMD for the beam as shown in fig. Determine the points of contraflexure. 15. A timber beam of rectangular section is to support a load of 20 KN uniformly distributed over a span of 3.6m, when the beam is simply supported. If the depth is twice the width of the section and the stress in the timber in not exceed 3.5 N/mm2 , find the dimensions of the cross section? 16. A cast iron beam is of T-section as shown in fig. The beam is simply supported on a span of 6 m. The beam carries a UDL of 2 KN/m on the entire length. Determine the maximum tensile and maximum compressive stress. 17. For the beam shown in fig, draw the shear force and bending moment diagrams, showing all salient values on them. 18. A uniform T section beam is 100 mm wide and 150 mm deep with a flange thickness of 25 mm and a web thickness of 12 mm. If the limiting stress is 160 Mpa in tension, find the maximum uniformly distributed load that the beam can carry over a simply supported span of 5 m. Also determine the corresponding maximum bending stress in compression. UNIT III PART A 1. 2. 3. 4. Define Torsion. Why hollow circular shafts are preferred when compared to solid circular shafts? Define Torsional rigidity? Write an expression for the angle of twist for a hollow circular shaft with external diameter D, internal diameter d, length l and rigidity modulus G. 5. What is the power transmitted by circular shafts subjected to a torque of 700 KN-m at 110 rpm. 6. Calculate the maximum torque that a shaft of 125 mm diameter can transmit, if the maximum angle of twist is 10 in a length of 1.5m. Take C = 70 x 103 N/mm2. 7. What is meant by stiffness?What is the formula for the stiffness of a close coiled helical spring subjected to an axial load? 8. Differentiate between close-coiled and open-coiled helical springs. 9. Write the equation for the deflection of an open coiled helical spring subjected to an axial load, W. 10. Find the torque which a shaft of 50 mm diameter can transmit safely, if the allowable shear stress is 75 N/mm2 11. Write the expressions for the stiffness of a close coiled helical spring. 12. Find the minimum diameter of shaft PART B 1. 1. Design a suitable diameter for a circular shaft required to transmit 120KW at 180 rpm. The shear stress in the shaft not to exceed 70N/mm2 and the maximum torque exceeds the mean torque by 40%. Calculate the angle of twist in a length of 2m. Take C= 0.8*105 N/mm2. 2. Find the diameter of the solid circular shaft to transmit 150KW of power at 300rpm. If the allowable shear stress is 90Mpa and twist is 1o over 2m length of the shaft. Take rigidity modulus as 90Gpa. 3. A solid circular shaft transmits 75 KW at 200rpm.Find the shaft diameter if the twist in the shaft is not to exceed 1o and in 2m length of the shaft and the shearing stress is limited to 50 N/mm2. Take G= 100 KN/m2. 4. A hollow shaft of diameter ratio 3/8 is required to transmit 588KW at 110 rpm. The maximum torque exceeds the mean by 20%. The shear stress is limited to 63N/mm2 and the twist should not be more than 0.0081rad. Calculate the external diameter required satisfying both the condition. Take G= 84Gpa and length=3m.

CE 1262 Strength of material 5. A shaft is required to transmit power of 300 KW running at a speed of 120 rpm. If the shear strength of the shaft material is 70 N/mm2. Design a hallow shaft with inner diameter equal to 0.75 times the outer dia. 6. A hallow circular shaft 20mm thick transmits 300 KW at 200rpm. Determine the inner diameter of the shaft if the shear strain is not to exceed 8.6X10-4. Take C=80 GN/m2. Trial and Error method can be used. 7. A solid shaft A of 50mm diameter rotates at 250rpm. Find the power that can be transmitted for a limiting shear stress of 60N/mm2 in the steel. It is proposed to replace A by hollow shaft B of the same external diameter but with the limiting shear stress of 75N/mm2. Determine the internal diameter of B to transmit the same power at the same speed. 8. A steel shaft ABCD having a total length of 2500mm having different diameters as shown in fig. If the angle of twist is the same for each section, determine the length of each section and the total angle of twist if the maximum shear stress in the hollow portion is 60N/mm2 and modulus of rigidity, is 1x105 N/mm2 FIG 9. A composite shaft consists of copper rod of 25mm diameter enclosed in a steel tube of external diameter 45mm and 5mm thick. The shaft is required to transmit a torque of 1100 N-m and both the shafts have equal lengths, welded to a plate at each end, so that their twists are equal. I f the modulus of rigidity for steel as twice that of copper, find, 1) Shear stress developed in copper. 2) Shear stress developed in steel. FIG 10. A close-coiled helical spring made of steel wire is required to carry a load of 800N. Determine the wire diameter if the stiffness of the spring is 10 N/mm and the diameter of the helix is 80mm. Calculate the number of turns required in the spring. The given value for G for steel is 80Gpa and allowable stress is 200 N/mm2. 11. A helical spring in which the mean diameter of the coil is 8 times the wire diameter is to be designed to absorb 0.2 KNm of energy with an extension of 100mm. The maximum shear stress is not to exceed 125 N/mm2. Determine the mean diameter of the spring, diameter of the wire and the number of turns. Also find the load with which an extension of 40mm could be produced in the spring. Assume G = 84 KN/mm2 12. An open coiled helical spring made of 5mm diameter wire, as has 16 coils 100mm inner diameter with helix angle of 160. Calculate the deflection, maximum direct and shear stresses induced due to an axial load of 300N. Take G = 90 Gpa and E = 200 Gpa. 13. Calculate the power that can be transmitted at a 300 rpm by a hollow steel shaft of 75mm external diameter and 50mm internal diameter when the permissible shear stress for the steel is 70 N/mm2 and the maximum torque is 1.3 times the mean. Compare the strength of this hollow shaft with that of a solid shaft. The same material, weight and length of both the shafts are same. 14. A helical spring of circular cross section wire 18mm in diameter is loaded by a force of 500N. The mean coil diameter of the spring is 125mm. The modulus of rigidity is 80KN/mm2. Determine the maximum shear stress in the material of the spring. What number of coils must the spring have for its deflection to be 6mm? 15. A Hollow steel shaft of outside diameter 75mm is transmitting a power of 300KW at 2000rpm. Find the thickness of the shaft if the maximum shear stress is not to exceed 40 N/mm2 16. A close-coiled helical spring is to have a stiffness of 1.5N/mm of compression under a maximum load of 60N. The maximum shearing stress produced in the wire of the spring 125 N/mm2. The solid length of the spring is 50mm. Find the diameter of the coil, diameter of the wire and number of coils. C=4.5*104 N/mm2

CE 1262 Strength of material 17. A solid cylindrical shaft is to transmit 300KW power at 100rpm. If the shear stress is not exceed 60N/mm2, find its diameter. What percent saving in weight would be obtained if a hollow one whose internal diameter equals to 0.6 of the external diameter, the length, the material and maximum shear stress being the same replaces this shaft? 18. A closely coiled helical spring of round steel wire 10mm in diameter having 10 complete turns with a mean diameter of 12cm is subjected to an axial load of 250N. Determine (i) the deflection of the spring (ii) maximum shear stress in the wire (iii) stiffness of the spring and (iv) frequency of vibration. Take C= 0.8*105N/mm2 19. Determine the dimensions of a hollow circular shaft with a diameter ratio 3:4, which is to transmit 60KW at 200rpm. The maximum shear stress in the shaft is limited to 70Gpa and the angle of twist to 3.8o in a length of 4m. For the shaft material the modulus of rigidity is 80 Gpa. 20. A close-coiled helical spring is required to absorb 2250 J of energy. Determine the diameter of the wire, the mean coil diameter of the spring and the number of coils necessary if (i) the maximum stress is not to exceed 400Mpa, (ii) the maximum compression of the spring is limited to 250mm and (iii) the mean diameter of the spring is 8 times the wire diameter. Take G= 70 Gpa. UNIT IV PART A 1. A cantilever beam of spring 2 m is carrying a point load of 20 KN at its free end. Calculate the slope at the free en. Assume EI = 12 x 103 KN-m2. 2. Calculate the effective length of a long column, whose actual length is 4 m, when a. Both the ends are fixed b. One en is fixed while the other end is free. 3. Find the critical load of an Eulers column having 4 m length, 50 mm x 100 mm cross section and hinged at both the ends. E = 200 KN/mm2. 4. Calculate the maximum deflection of a simply supported beam carrying a point load of 100 KN at mid span. Span = 6 m, EI = 20,000 KN/mm2. 5. What is the maximum deflection in a simply supported beam subjected to uniformly distributed load over the entire span? 6. What is crippling load? Give the effective length of columns when both the ends are fixed and when both ends fixed. 7. Give the equivalent length of a column for any two end conditions. 8. In a simply supported beam of 3 m span carrying uniformly distributed load over the entire length, the slope at the supports is 10. What is the maximum deflection in the beam? 9. State any four assumptions made in Eulers column theory. 10. State the two theorems in moment area method? 11. A cantilever is subjected to a point load W at the free end. What is the slope and deflection at the free end? 12. Define column? 13. State Slenderness ratio? 14. State Eulers formula for crippling load? 15. State Rankines formula for crippling load?

CE 1262 Strength of material PART B 1. A Cantilever projecting 3m from a wall carries a UDL of 12 KN/m for a length of 2m from the fixed end and a point load of 1.5 KN at the free end. Find the deflection at the free end. Take E = 2*105 N/mm2 and I = 1*108 mm4. 2. A Simply supported beam of length 8m is loaded as shown in fig. Calculate the slope and deflection at each point by the following methods. (i) Double integration (ii) Macaulays method (iii) Moment area method (iv) Conjugate beam method Assume E = 2.1*105 N/mm2 and I = 76*106 mm4. FIG 3. A Simply supported beam of 8m span carries a point load of 10 KN at its center. It also subjects to a Udl of 1 KN/m over its entire span. Find the maximum deflection of the beam. Take E = 2*105 N/mm2 and I = 200*106 mm4. 4. A steel pipe 50 mm internal diameter and wall thickness 2 mm is simply supported on a span of 6m.If the deflection is limited to 1/480 of the span. Calculate the maximum UDL that can carry. E = 2*105 N/mm2. 5. A steel rod 4m long and 40 mm diameter is used as a column. Determine the crippling load by Eulers formula when the given column is used with the following conditions. Take E = 2*105 N/mm2 (i) Both the ends are hinged (ii) One end is fixed and other end is free (iii) Both ends are fixed (iv) One end is fixed and other end is hinged. 6. A simply supported beam of length 5m is loaded at the centre with a concentrated load of 1200 N and deflects 12 m at the centre. Determine the critical load when this beam is used as a column and both the ends are hinged. 7. A hollow tube 4m long, 50 mm external diameter and 40 mm internal diameter is subjected under tensile load of 40 KN and deflects 10 mm. This tube is used as a column with both the ends is hinged. Determine crippling load and also safe load taking factor of safety as 3. 8. Calculate the crippling load for a T section of dimensions 150 mm * 120 m * 20 mm and of length 4m when it is used as strut with both of its ends hinged. Take E = 2.1*105 N/mm2. 9. A hallow cast iron is 6m long with both ends are fixed. The internal diameter of the column is 200mm and outside diameter is 250mm. Calculate the safe Rankine Load. Take c = 500 N/mm2, a = 1/1600 & Factor of safety = 5. 10. A hollow cast iron whose outside diameter is 200mm as a thickness of 20mm. it is 4.5m long and is fixed at both the ends. Calculate the safe load by Rankine formula using a factor of safety of 4. Calculate the slenderness ratio and the ratio of Eulers and Rankines critical loads. Take c = 550 N/mm2, a = 1/1600 & E = 9.4 x 104 11. A beam is simply supported at its ends over a span of 10m and carries two concentrated loads of 100KN & 60KN at a distance of 2m and 5m respectively from the left support. Calculate (i) Slope at the left support (ii) Slope and deflection under the 100KN load. Assume EI = 36x104 KN-m2. 12. Find the Euler critical load for the hollow cylindrical cast iron column 150mm external diameter, 20mm wall thickness if it is 6m long with hinged at both the ends. Assume youngs modulus of cast iron as 80 KN/mm2. Compare this load with that given by Rankine formula. Using Rankine constant a=1/1600 & c = 567 N/mm2. 13. Find the maximum deflection of the beam shown in fig. EI = 1x1011 KN/mm2. Use Macaulays method. FIG 14. For the cantilever beam shown in fig. find the deflection and slope at the free end. EI = 10000 KN/m2.

CE 1262 Strength of material FIG 15. A beam AB of length 8m is simply supported at its ends and carries two point loads of 50KN and 40 KN at the distance of 2m and 5m respectively from left support. Determine deflection under each load, maximum deflection and the position at which maximum deflection occurs. Take E = 2x105 N/mm2 & I = 85x106 mm4 16. A 1.2m long column has a circular cross section of 45 mm diameter one of the ends of the column is fixed in direction and position and other ends is free. Taking factor of safety as 3, calculate the safe load using (i) Rankines formula, take yield stress = 560 N/mm2 and a = 1/1600 for pined ends. (ii) Eulers formula, taking E = 1.2x105 N/mm2. 17. A beam is loaded as shown in fig. Determine the deflection under the load points. Take E= 200 GPa and I = 160 x 106 mm4. FIG 18. An I section joist 400 mm x 200 mm x20 mm and 6 m long is used as a strut with both ends fixed. What is Eulers crippling load for the column? Take E = 200 GPa. UNIT V PART- A 1. What do you mean by failure of thin cylindrical shell? 2. Differentiate between thin cylinder and thick cylinder? 3. Distinguish between circumferential stress and longitudinal stress in a cylindrical shell, when subjected to an internal pressure. 4. Define Hoop stress. 5. Differentiate between cylindrical shell and spherical shell? 6. In a thin cylindrical shell if hoop strain is 0.2 x 10-3 and longitudinal strain is 0.05 x 10-3, find out volumetric strain. 7. Write the equation for the change in diameter and change in length of a thin cylinder shell, when subjected to an internal pressure. 8. Write the equation for the change in volume of a thin cylinder shell, when subjected to an internal pressure. 9. Write the equation for the change in dimension of a thin spherical shell, when subjected to an internal pressure. 10. A bar of cross sectional area 600 mm2 is subjected to a tensile load of 50 KN applied at each end. Determine the normal stress on a plane inclined at 300 to the direction of loading. 11. What is the use of Mohrs circle? 12. At a point in a strained material is subjected to a compressive stress of 100 N/ mm2 and shear stress of 60 N/ mm2. Determine the principal stresses. 13. The principal stress at a point are 100 N/ mm2 (tensile) and 60 N/ mm2 (compressive) respectively Calculate the maximum shear stress at this point. 14. Define principal plane and principal stress. 15. Find the thickness of the pipe due to an internal pressure of 10 N/mm2 if the permissible stress is 120 N/mm2 the diameter of pipe is 750 mm. 16. A cylindrical pipe of diameter 1.5 m and thickness 1.5 cm is subjected to an internal fluid pressure of 1.2 N/mm2. Determine the longitudinal stress developed in the pipe. 17. A thin cylinder closed at both ends is subjected to an internal pressure of 2 Mpa. Its internal diameter is 1 mm and wall thickness is 10 mm. What is the maximum shear stress in the cylinder material?

CE 1262 Strength of material PART- B 1. A hollow cylindrical drum 750 mm in diameter and 2.5 m long has as shell thickness of 10 mm. If the drum is subjected to an internal pressure of 2.6 N/mm2, Determine (i) Change in diameter (ii) Change in length and (iii) Change in volume. Take E = 2.1 x 105 N/mm2 and Poissons ratio = 0.3. 2. A thin cylindrical shell 3m long, 1.2 m in diameter is subjected to an internal pressure of 1.67 N/mm2. If the thickness of the shell is 13 mm, find the circumferential and longitudinal stresses. Also find the maximum shear stress and change in dimensions of the shell. Assume E = 2 x105 N/mm2 and 1/m = 0.28. 3. A closed cylindrical drum 600 m in diameter and 2 m long has a shell thickness of 2 m. If it carries a fluid under a pressure of 3 N/mm2, calculate the longitudinal and hoop stress in the drum wall and also determine the change in diameter, change in length and change in volume of the drum. Take E = 200 GPa and 1/m = 0.3. 4. A steel cylindrical pipe with closed ends is 75 mm internal diameter and 3 mm thick. The pipe is axially loaded in tension with a load of 12 KN and is subjected to an axial torque of 2 x 106 N-mm under an internal pressure of 5.5 N/mm2. Determine the principal stresses and maximum shear stress on the pipe. 5. A vessel in the shape of a spherical shell of 1.2m internal diameter and 10 mm thickness is filled with a fluid at atmospheric pressure. If additional 50 c.c, of fluid is pumped into the shell at atmospheric pressure, find the internal pressure exerted on the wall of the shell. Find also the resulting change in volume of sphere. Take E= 2.1x105 N/mm2, 1/m = 0.28 and k for fluid as 2.4 GPa. 6. A rectangular block of material is subjected to a tensile stress of 110 N/mm2 on one plane and a tensile stress of 47 N/mm2 on a plane at right angles to the former. Each of the above stresses is accompanies by a shear stress of 63 N/mm2. Determine the principal stresses, principal planes and the maximum shear stress. 7. The stresses at a point in a strained material is Px = 200 N/mm2 and Py = -150 N/mm2 and q = 80 N/mm2. Find the principal plane and principal stresses. Using Graphical method and verify with analytical method. 8. Two planes AB and AC which are right angles carry shear stress of intensity 17.5 N/mm2 in clockwise direction, while these planes also carry a tensile stress of 70 N/mm2 and a compressive stress of 35 N/mm2 respectively. Determine the principal planes and the principal stresses. Also determine the maximum shear and planes on which it acts. 9. At a point in a strained material, the principal stresses are 150 N/mm2 (tensile) and 60 N/mm2 (compressive). Determine the resultant stress in magnitude and direction on a plane inclined at 450 to the axis of the major principal stress. What is the maximum intensity of shear stress in the material at that point? 10. At a point in a strained material, the resultant intensity of stresses across a certain plane is shown in fig. Evaluate the principal stresses, Maximum shear stress and their corresponding planes with respect to the direction of the normal stress of 60 Mpa. FIG 11. A steel cylindrical shell 3 m long which is closed at its ends, had an internal diameter of 1.5 m and a wall thickness of 20 mm. Calculate the circumferential and longitudinal stress induced and also the change in dimensions of the shel if it is subjected to an internal pressure of 1.0 N/mm2. Assume the modulus of elasticity and poissons ratio for steel as 200 KN/mm2 and 0.3 respectively. 12. The state of stress at a certain point in a strained material is shown in fig. Calculate (i) Principal stress (ii) inclination of the principal planes, (iii) Normal, shear and resultant stress on the plane MN. FIG

CE 1262 Strength of material 13. The normal stresses in two mutually perpendicular directions are 110 N/mm2 and 47 N/mm2 both tensile. The complementary shear stresses in these directions are of intensity 63 N/mm2 . Find the principal stresses and its planes. 14. A cylindrical shell 3m long which is closed at the ends has an internal diameter 1m and wall thickness of 15mm. Calculate the change in dimensions and change in volume if the internal pressure is 1.5 N/mm2. E = 2 x105N/mm2, V=0.3. 15. A cylindrical shell 3 m long which is closed at the ends, has an internal diameter of 1 m and a wall thickness of 20 mm, Calculate the circumferential and longitudinal stresses induced and also changes in the dimensions of the shell, if it is subjected to an internal pressure of 2.0 N/mm 2. Take E = 2x105 N/mm2 and 1/m = 0.3. 16. A cylindrical vessel 2m long and 500mm in diameter with 10mm thick plates is subjected to an internal pressure of 2 Mpa. Calculate the change in volume of the vessel. Take E = 200 Gpa and Poissons ratio = 0.3 for the vessel material. 17. A plane element in a boiler is subjected to tensile stresses of 400 Mpa on one plane and 20 Mpa on the other at right angles to the former. Each of the above stresses is accompanied by a shear stress of 100 Mpa. Determine the principal stresses. 18. A cylinder has an internal diameter of 230mm, wall thickness 5mm and is 1 m long. It is found to change in internal volume by 12 x 10-6 m3 when filled with a liquid at a pressure p. Taking E = 200 Gpa and Poissons ratio = 0.25, determine the stresses in the cylinder, the changes in its length and internal diameter. 19. A material is subjected to two mutually perpendicular direct stresses of 80 Mpa tensile and 50 Mpa compressive, together with a shear stress of 30 Mpa. The shear couple acting on planes carrying the 80 Mpa stress is clockwise in effect. Find (i) principal stresses, (ii) the maximum shear stress, (iii) the normal stress on the plane of maximum shear, (iv) the stresses on a plane at 200 counterclockwise to the plane on which the 50 Mpa stress acts.