midas Gen

midas Gen
Advanced Webinar
Dynamic Analysis Time History
MIDAS Information Technology Co., Ltd.
2
Integrated Design System for buildings and General Structures Why midas Gen

Stadiums
Power Plants
Hangar
Airport
Transmission
Towers
Cranes
Pressure Vessels
Machine Structures
Underground
Structures
Versatility
Specialty Structures Applications
Beijing National Stadium Beijing National Aquatic Center Beijing Olympic Basketball Gymnasium
Seoul World Cup Stadium JeonJu World Cup Stadium DeaJeon World Cup Stadium
USA Pavilion China Pavilion German Pavilion
midas Gen
Contents
1. Seismic Design for New Buildings
2. Seismic Design for Existing Buildings
3. Base Isolators and Dampers
4. Mass
5. Damping
6. Modal Analysis
7. Fiber Analysis
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Seismic Design for New Buildings
Seismic Design Process as per Eurocode8 (New buildings)
Seismic Design
Performance Requirement
Ground Condition
Seismic Action
Combination of Seismic Action
Criteria for Structural Regularity
Seismic Analysis
Safety Verification
Capacity Design & Detailing
Seismic Zone
Representation of seismic action
[Method of Analysis]
Lateral Force method of Analysis
Modal Response Spectrum Analysis
Pushover Analysis
Inelastic Time History Analysis
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Performance Requirement and Compliance Criteria
Performance Requirement
No-collapse
T
NCR
=475 year
W/O limitation of collapse

Damage Limitation
T
DLR
=95 year
W/O limitation of use
Compliance Criteria
Ultimate limit states
Resistance and Energy Dissipation Capacity need to be checked.

Global level verification
Overturning
Sliding
Member Level
Ductile component: Plastic Rotation
Brittle component: Resistance

Damage limitation states
Global Level: Inter-story drift
Member Level: Resistance (ULS)
Seismic Design for New Buildings Seismic Design
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Ground Conditions
Seismic Design for New Buildings Seismic Design
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Seismic action
I II III IV
T=475 year 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4
Importance Factor
Representation of Seismic Action
a. Response Spectrum
- Horizontal elastic response spectrum
- Vertical elastic response spectrum
- Horizontal design response spectrum (Behavior factor, q, is considered.)
- Vertical design response spectrum (Behavior factor, q, is considered.)












b. Time history
[Horizontal Elastic Spectrum]
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Combination of Seismic Action
Load Combination of permanent loads and variable loads

100:30 Rule
(1.0Ex + 0.3Ey), (0.3Ex + 1.0Ey)
(1.0Ex + 0.3Ey + 0.3Ez ), (0.3Ex + 1.0Ey + 0.3Ez), (0.3Ex + 0.3Ey + 1.0Ez)
Seismic Design Seismic Design for New Buildings
One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures
9
Criteria for Structural Regularity
Structural Regularity
Analysis Method
Lateral
Force
method of
Analysis
Modal
Response
Spectrum
Analysis
Pushover
Analysis
Inelastic
Time
History
Analysis
Seismic Design for New Buildings Seismic Design
One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures
10
Safety Verification
Ultimate Limit States

Resistance condition: M
Rd
>= M
Ed
, V
Rd
>= V
Ed
Global and local ductility condition: M
Rc
>= 1.3 M
Rb
Equilibrium condition : overturning or sliding
Resistance of horizontal diaphragm
Resistance of foundations
Seismic joint condition


Damage limitation

Limitation of story drift
Seismic Design Seismic Design for New Buildings
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Capacity Design
Ductility Class
DCL (Low ductility)
DCM (Medium ductility)
DCH (High ductility)
Structure Type & Behavior Factor
Seismic Design for New Buildings Seismic Design
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12
Design Procedure
Capacity Design Feature
structures to provide the appropriate amount of ductility in the corresponding ductility classes.
Automatic capacity design capability for beam, column, wall and beam-column joint
EN 1998-1: 2004 (DCM/DCH), NTC2008 (CD B, CD A), ACI318-05
Design action effects are calculated in accordance with the capacity design rule. Special provision for
ductile primary seismic walls is considered.
Detailing for local ductility is considered.
- max/min reinforcement ratio of the tension zone
- the spacing of hoops within the critical region
- mechanical volumetric ratio of confining hoops with the critical regions
Capacity design shear forces on beams
Define ductility class and check design results
Design envelope moments in walls
Seismic Design for New Buildings
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Design Procedure

Design member forces (Design moments)
Where,
M
Rb
: Beam moment resistance
M
ce
: column member force due to seismic load case
Seismic Design for New Buildings
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Design Procedure

Design member forces (Design shear forces)
Capacity design values of shear forces on beams
Capacity design shear force in columns
Where, MRb: Beam moment resistance
MRc: Column moment resistance
(calculated using same axial force
ratio in PM interaction curve)
Mce: Bending moment of column due to
seismic load case
Seismic Design for New Buildings
One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures
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Design Procedure

Design envelope for bending moments in slender walls Design envelope of the shear forces in the walls of a dual system
Design member forces (Wall design forces)
Wall systems Dual systems
Seismic Design for New Buildings
One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures
16
Seismic Assessment of Buildings as per Eurocode8 (Existing buildings)
Performance Requirement
Knowledge Level
Seismic Action
Combination of Seismic Action
Seismic Analysis
Safety Verification
Decision for Structural Intervention
Seismic Zone
Representation of seismic action
[Method of Analysis]
Lateral Force method of Analysis
Modal Response Spectrum Analysis
Pushover Analysis
Inelastic Time History Analysis
Seismic Design for Existing Buildings Seismic Design
One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures
17
Performance Requirement and Compliance Criteria
Performance Requirement
Near Collapse (NC) T
NCR
=2475years
Significant Damage (SD) T
NCR
=475years
Damage Limitation (DL) T
NCR
=225years
Compliance Criteria
Near Collapse (NC)
Ductile: ultimate deformation (plastic rotation)
Brittle: ultimate strength
Significant Damage (SD)
Ductile: damage-related deformation
Brittle: conservatively estimated strength
Damage Limitation (DL)
Ductile: yield strength
Brittle: yield strength
Infills: story drift
Seismic Design Seismic Design for Existing Buildings
One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures
18
Knowledge Levels
Seismic Design Seismic Design for Existing Buildings
One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures
19
Pushover Analysis
Why Pushover Analysis?
a) To verify or revise the over strength ratio values (alpha_u/alpha_1)
b) To estimate the expected plastic mechanisms and the distribution of damage
c) To assess the structural performance of existing or retrofitted buildings
d) As an alternative to the design based on linear-elastic analysis which uses the
behavior factor, q
alpha_u
alpha_1
Hinge status for alpha_u Hinge status for alpha_1
Pushover
Global Control
Define Lateral
Loads
Define Hinge
Properties
Assign Hinges
Perform
Analysis
Check Pushover
Curve and
Target Disp.
Check Hinge
Status
Safety
Verification
Process in midas Gen
Seismic Design Seismic Design for Existing Buildings
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Safety Verification
Seismic Design Seismic Design for Existing Buildings
One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures
21
Base Isolators and Dampers
Base Isolators and Dampers
Dynamics
Objectives of Seismic Isolation Systems
Enhance performance of structures at all hazard levels by:
Minimizing interruption of use of facility (e.g., Immediate
Occupancy Performance Level)
Reducing damaging deformations in structural and
nonstructural components
Reducing acceleration response to minimize contents related
damage
Characteristics of Well-Designed Seismic Isolation Systems
Flexibility to increase period of vibration and thus reduce
force response
Energy dissipation to control the isolation system
displacement
Rigidity under low load levels such as wind and minor
earthquakes
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Base Isolators and Dampers Dynamics
Base Isolators:
Lead Rubber Bearing Isolator
Friction Pendulum System Isolator

Applicable Base Isolators in midas Gen
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[Viscoelastic Damper] [Hysteretic System Damper]
Applicable Dampers in midas Gen
Base Isolators and Dampers Dynamics
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Analysis Results (Graph & Text output)
Base Isolators and Dampers Dynamics
[Hysteretic Graph of Friction pendulum system isolator]
[Hysteretic Graph of Lead rubber bearing isolator]
[Time History Graph at 1
st
story and 3
rd
story]
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25
[Without Isolators]
[With Isolators]
Shear force at 1
st
story column Displacement - Frequency
Displacement - Frequency Shear force at 1
st
story column
Base Isolators and Dampers Dynamics
Analysis Results (Time History Graph)
One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures
26
Mass
Nodal Masses
Floor Diaphragm Masses
Loads to Masses
Consistent Mass
Self-weight to Mass
[Lumped Mass and Consistent Mass]
Lumped Mass
Consistent Mass
Mass Dynamics
210 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 210 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 210 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 210 0 0 2 420
0 0 0 0 210 0 2
0 0 0 0 0 210 2
L
u
AL
I
u
v
u
v
u
(
(
(
(

=
( `
(
(
(
(
)
2 2
2 2
140 0 0 70 0 0
1
0 156 22 0 54 13
1
0 22 4 0 13 3 1
70 0 0 140 0 0 2 420
0 54 13 0 156 22 2
2
0 13 3 0 22 4
c
u
L L
L L L L AL
I
u
L L
L L L L
v
u
v
u
(

(

(

(


( =
`
(

(

(

(
)

1 2
u1 u2
1 2
1 2
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27
Damping
Modal
User defines the damping ratio for each mode, and the mod
al response will be calculated based on the user defined da
mping ratios.
Mass & Stiffness Proportional
Damping coefficients are computed for mass proportional d
amping and stiffness proportional damping.
Strain Energy Proportional
Damping ratios for each mode are automatically calculated u
sing the damping ratios specified for element groups and bo
undary groups in Group Damping, which are used to formul
ate the damping matrix.
Damping Dynamics
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28
Modal Analysis
Eigen Vectors

Subspace Iteration
This method is effectively used when performing eigenvalue analysis for a finite element system of any scale and
commonly used among engineers.

Lanczos
Tri-diagonal Matrix is used to perform eigenvalue analysis. It is particularly useful for finding decompositions of
very large sparse matrices. The performance of Lanczos method is superior to that of the Subspace Iteration.

Ritz Vectors
Unlike the natural eigenvalue modes, load dependent Ritz vectors produce more reliable results in dynamic analyses
with relatively fewer modes. The Ritz Vectors are generated reflecting the spatial distribution or the characteristics of the
dynamic loading.
Modal Analysis Dynamics
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29
Fiber Analysis
Fiber Cell Result Plotting
Section division for Fiber Model definition
Kent & Park Model Menegotto-Pinto Model
Inelastic Material Properties (Stress-strain curve)
Fiber Analysis Dynamics
Thank You! Thank You!
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